Unit 5 情态动词 can / could / may 知识点梳理+分层专项练习2025-2026学年译林版七年级英语下册
译林版七年级下册Unit 5 情态动词 can / could / may 知识点梳理+分层专项练习
一、教材核心知识点精讲
基础通用规则(课本必记)
can、could、may 都属于情态动词,统一语法规则:
① 无人称、单复数变化,主语三单不加-s;
② 后面只能接动词原形;
③ 变否定直接在后加not,变疑问把情态动词提前。
板块1 can / could 表达“能力”(单元第一核心考点)
1. can:描述现在、当下拥有的能力
否定形式:cannot = can’t
课本动物例句:My cat can jump high. 我的猫能跳很高。
2. could:can的过去式,描述过去小时候具备的能力,现在不一定拥有
课本动物例句:It could run fast when it was young. 它小时候跑得很快。
> 教材限定:仅区分现在/过去能力,不拓展其他时态替换表达。
板块2 can / could / may 表达“请求许可”(单元第二核心考点)
三者语气正式度由随意到正式:can < could < may
1. Can I…?口语日常,和同学、朋友随意请求
例:Can I play with your rabbit? 我能和你的兔子玩吗?
2. Could I…?委婉礼貌,向陌生人、长辈求助(问句只用could,回答统一用can,不用could)
例:Could I touch your goldfish? 我可以摸一下你的金鱼吗?
3. May I…?正式礼貌,课堂、向师长提问专用
例:May I feed the parrot? 我可以喂这只鹦鹉吗?
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关键易错提醒:以May I提问,否定回答不用may not,统一用can’t / I’m afraid you can’t
本课唯一两大高频易错点(课本重点标注)
1. could分两种含义:表过去能力是过去式;表请求仅委婉语气,不是过去;
2. 所有情态动词后一律加动词原形,不能加to、不能变三单;
3 Could问句作答只用can,不可用could。
二、分层梯度专项练习
基础层级一 概念区分:判断情态动词用法
括号填写:表现在能力 / 表过去能力 / 表请求许可
1. My dog can catch balls.(________)
2. Could I hold your hamster?(________)
3. The rabbit could jump far when it was small.(________)
4. May I look at your bird?(________)
5. I can’t sing like my parrot.(________)
基础层级二 专项:区分can/could
选词:can / could
1. My pet cat ________ climb trees now, but it ________ not when it was one month old.
2. The goldfish ________ swim very fast now.
3. The little monkey ________ climb high trees when it was young.
4. —________ your dog run after you?
—Yes, it can.
5. The tortoise ________ walk slowly when it was a baby.
进阶层一 专项:can/could/may 请求语气辨析(只训练询问许可)
选词:Can / Could / May
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1. ________ I ask you some questions about your pet?(课堂正式提问)
2. ________ we watch your dog play after class?(和同学随口询问)
3. ________ you help me carry the rabbit cage?(委婉求助)
4. —________ I feed the little cat some fish?
—Sure.
5. ________ I take photos of your parrot?(礼貌商量)
进阶层二 单项选择
1. My hamster ________ run fast now, but it ________ last year.
A. can; couldn’t
B. could; can’t
C. can’t; can
2. —________ I touch your rabbit?
—Of course you can.
A. Can’t
B. May
C. Couldn’t
3. —Could I play with your dog?
—Yes, you ________.
A. could
B. can
C. may not
4. The monkey ________ jump very high when it was little.
A. can
B. could
C. can’t
5. ________ we look at your goldfish after school?(日常口语)
A. Can
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