Unit 3 冠词（a /an/the）知识点梳理+分层专项练习2025-2026学年译林版七年级英语下册

译林版七年级下册 Unit 3 冠词（a /an/the）知识点梳理+分层专项练习 课前导学·基础知识梳理 一、冠词的两大类别 英语冠词分为不定冠词 a/an 与定冠词 the。 1. 不定冠词 a / an 作用：泛指某一类人、事物里的任意一个，只能搭配可数名词单数。 - a：放在辅音音素开头的单词前面； - an：放在元音音素开头的单词前面； ⚠️ 关键提醒：判断标准看单词发音，不是看拼写的元音字母。 课本例句品读： ① Look! Here is a cat. 看！这儿有一只猫。（第一次随便提及一只猫，泛指） ② There is an apple tree over there. 那边有一棵苹果树。 2. 定冠词 the 作用：特指双方都清楚的人或物、上文已经提到过的事物。 课本中the的四类常用场景 ① 前文先用a/an引出事物，下文再次指代这同一个事物 例：I have a pen. The pen is a present from Ben. 我有一支钢笔，这支钢笔是本送给我的礼物。 ② 特指当下环境里双方心知肚明的具体事物 例：Can I open the window? 我可以打开这扇窗户吗？ ③ 世上独一无二的事物、江河这类专有名词前要用the 例：The Yellow River is called the “Mother River” by Chinese people. 黄河被中国人称作“母亲河”； I want to travel around the world. 我想要环游世界。 ④ 部分标志性专有名词前搭配the 例：We will visit the National Stadium. 我们将要参观国家体育场。 二、重点固定搭配：play 短语中的冠词规则（本课易混点） 1. 球类运动、棋牌类活动：play + 运动/棋牌名词，不加任何冠词 play football 踢足球　　play volleyball 打排球　　play chess 下国际象棋 2. 各类乐器（西洋乐器、二胡这类民族乐器）：play + the + 乐器名称，必须加the play the piano 弹钢琴　　play the violin 拉小提琴　　play the erhu 拉二胡 课堂小练·分层进阶练习 基础闯关一 选用 a / an 填空 1. Look! Here is ____ cat under the big tree. 2. There is ____ apple tree near my home. 3. It’s ____ English storybook. 4. This is ____ lovely pencil box. 5. ____ eraser is lying on the desk. 基础闯关二 选用 a / an / the 填空 1. I have ____ pen. ____ pen is a gift from my friend Ben. 2. It’s too hot in the room. Can I open ____ window? 3. ____ Yellow River is our great Mother River. 4. My dream is travelling around ____ world one day. 5. There is ____ book on the desk. ____ book talks about outdoor sports. 专项突破三 冠词填空（无需冠词填 /） 1. play ____ football 2. play ____ violin 3. play ____ chess 4. play ____ erhu 5. play ____ volleyball 6. play ____ piano 能力提升四 单项选择 1. There is ____ orange on the desk. ____ orange tastes sweet. A. a; An 　B. an; The 　C. an; An 2. Everyone knows ____ Yellow River runs across many cities in China. A. a 　B. an 　C. the 3. My cousin likes playing ____ basketball after school, and he also learns to play ____ piano. A. /; the 　B. the; the 　C. /; / 4. —Can you see ____ boy standing by the door? —Yes, he is our new classmate. A. a 　B. the 　C. an 5. Lots of young people hope to travel around ____ world when they grow up. A. a 　B. an 　C. the 纠错小课堂（划出句中错误并改写正确句子） 1. I have a dog. A dog is very clever. ________________________________________ 2. Tom often plays the football with his classmates after class. ________________________________________ 3. There is an interesting story book in my schoolbag. ________________________________________ 4. I enjoy playing chess and play the erhu in my free time. ________________________________________ 5. Yellow River is called “Mother River” by all Chinese people. ________________________________________ 综合运用五 短文选词填空（a / an / the / /） I have 1.____ good friend named Jack. He loves sports very much. After school, he usually plays 2.____ football on the playground. Besides sports, he is good at music and he can play 3.____ violin beautifully. Look! There is 4.____ violin on his desk. 5.____ violin is his 14-year-old birthday present. He tells me that he wants to travel around 6.____ world in the future and go to see 7.____ Yellow River. 参考答案与简要解析 基础闯关一 1. a（cat辅音音素开头） 2. an（apple元音音素开头） 3. an（English元音音素开头） 4. a（nice辅音音素开头） 5. An（eraser元音音素开头，句首首字母大写） 基础闯关二 1. a；The（初次泛指一支钢笔，下文特指这支钢笔） 2. the（特指当下这间屋子的窗户） 3. The（黄河为独一无二江河，专有名词加the，句首大写） 4. the（固定搭配around the world 环游世界） 5. a；The 专项突破三 1. / 　2. the 　3. / 　4. the 　5. / 　6. the 能力提升四 1. B 解析：orange元音音素开头用an；第二次特指桌上橙子用the 2. C 解析：独一无二的江河名称前必须加the 3. A 解析：球类运动零冠词，乐器前面必须搭配定冠词the 4. B 解析：特指门口那个男孩，双方明确所指对象，用the 5. C 解析：固定短语around the world 纠错小课堂 1. A → The I have a dog. The dog is very clever. 解析：第二次指代前文提到的小狗，要用the表特指。 2. the football → football Tom often plays football with his classmates after class. 解析：球类运动前面不需要加定冠词the。 3. an → a There is an interesting story book in my schoolbag. 解析：book辅音音素开头，使用不定冠词a。 4. play → playing I enjoy playing chess and playing the erhu in my free time. 解析：and前后句式并列，保持一致，改为playing the erhu。 5. Yellow River → The Yellow River The Yellow River is called “Mother River” by all Chinese people. 解析：黄河是独一无二的专有地理名词，前面必须加the。 综合运用五 1. a 　2. / 　3. the 　4. a 　5. The 　6. the 　7. The 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $