必修3 Unit 1 第2课时 培优•阅读表达(课件PPT)-【新高考方案】2027年高考英语一轮总复习（译林版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦语法句型、应用文写作、阅读理解三大核心模块，依据高考评价体系梳理了倍数表达法、“介词+关系代词”定语从句等高频语法考点，明确了环境保护类演讲稿写作及生态环境主题阅读的考查要求，通过规则解读与真题例句对接，构建了针对性备考体系。 课件亮点在于“真题导向+技巧建模+素养融合”，如以2023浙江高考写作题为例解析“介词+关系代词”定语从句应用，结合2025全国Ⅰ卷微塑料污染阅读题培养细节理解与批判性思维，通过演讲稿“关键句+衔接成文”训练提升语言表达能力，助力学生高效掌握答题技巧，为教师提供系统复习指导。

第2课时　培优•阅读表达 目录 学教材佳句•把句子写美 精读“Workbook”语篇•发掘命题导向—(作为随堂训练使用) 建构语义网•把语段写详 课时作业评价 01 02 03 04 学教材佳句•把句子写美 3 句型1　倍数表达法 |解|读|规|则| 倍数表达法的三个基本句型和四个特殊句型： (1)三个基本句型： ①倍数＋as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as； ②倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than； ③倍数＋the＋度量名词(size, length, height, depth, weight, width ...)＋of (2)四个特殊句型： ①倍数＋as many/much＋名词＋as； ②倍数＋more＋名词＋than； ③倍数＋that/those of； ④倍数＋what从句 |习|练|规|则|　(单句语法填空) ①There is four times as much water in this pot ____in that one. ②There are five times more books in our library _____in yours. ③In this workshop, the output of July was 4.5 times that ____January. as than of |应|用|写|美| ④他们发现人类活动导致物种灭亡的速度是正常灭亡速度的1 000倍。 They found that human activity is causing species to die out______________________________. ⑤(景物描写)正在修建的新体育馆将是原来的三倍大。 →The new stadium being built will be ____________________the previous one.(size) 1,000 times faster than normal three times the size of →The new stadium being built will be _____________________the previous one.(as) →The new stadium being built will be _____________________the previous one.(比较级＋than) three times as big as three times bigger than 句型2　 “介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句 |解|读|规|则| (1)在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词一般用whom(先行词指人)或which(先行词指物)。 (2)“介词＋关系代词”可引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。在限制性定语从句中，介词放在关系代词之前时，关系代词不能省略；但若介词后置，则可用that代替which，用who代替whom，也可省略关系代词。 (3)介词的确定要遵循三个原则： ①根据先行词的某种习惯搭配来确定； ②根据定语从句中动词或形容词所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定； ③根据定语从句的意义来确定。 (4)某些在从句中充当时间、地点、原因等状语的“介词＋关系代词”结构可以同关系副词when、 where、 why互换。 |习|练|规|则|　(单句语法填空) ①The colourless gas, ________which we can't live, is called oxygen. ②This is the teacher from ________we've learnt a lot. ③He has visited the school for several times, in _______he has many friends. without whom which |应|用|写|美| ④(“感谢信”范句)感谢你的帮忙，没有你的帮助我们不可能按时完成工作。 Thank you for your help,_________________________________ ________________________. ⑤(2023·浙江1月高考写作)这是一次宝贵而充实的经历，从中我们学到了很多植物方面的知识。 It was a valuable and enriching experience,___________________ _________________________________. without which we could not have finished the work on time from which we acquired a lot of knowledge of plants ⑥(人物描写)她是那种你可以毫无保留地分享喜怒哀乐的朋友。 She is the kind of friend ________________________both your joys and sorrows without reservation. with whom you can share 建构语义网•把语段写详 应用文写作序列(4)——演讲稿之“环境保护” Ⅰ.积累语块(加蓝词汇为本单元词汇复现)　 1．保护环境的重要性 ①play a critical role　　　 发挥着关键作用 ②protect the soil from being washed away 保护土壤不被冲走 ③provide abundant resources and food for us 为我们提供丰富的资源和食物 ④be crucial for the global climate development 对全球气候发展至关重要 ⑤make our world more beautiful and lively 让我们的世界更加美丽和生动 ⑥provide most of the oxygen we breathe 提供我们呼吸所需的大部分氧气 ⑦play an important part/role in the balance of nature and biodiversity 在保持自然平衡和生物多样性方面发挥着重要作用 2．目前存在的环境问题 ①global warming　　　　 全球变暖 ②get worse and worse 变得越来越糟 ③produce more greenhouse gases 产生更多的温室气体 ④bring many animals close to extinction 使许多动物濒临灭绝 ⑤pollute marine animals' living conditions 污染海洋动物的生存环境 ⑥harm the balance of the Earth's ecosystem 破坏地球生态系统的平衡 3．保护环境的措施 ①live a low－carbon life　　　 过低碳生活 ②create protected areas 创建保护区 ③use more recycled products 使用更多可回收产品 ④live in harmony with the wildlife 与野生动物和谐相处 ⑤stop throwing garbage into oceans 停止向海洋里扔垃圾 ⑥call on people around us to take action 呼吁我们周围的人采取行动 ⑦create a harmonious home for them 为它们创造一个和谐的家园 ⑧an effective way to protect the environment 保护环境的有效途径 ⑨form the good habit of environmental protection 养成环保的好习惯 ⑩aim to raise people's awareness of protecting oceans 旨在提高人们保护海洋的意识 ⑪pass related laws and regulations to protect animals 通过相关法律法规来保护动物 ⑫plant more trees to improve animals' living conditions 种植更多的树木来改善动物的生存条件 Ⅱ.写“实”训练(做到有话可说、有话会说)　 假定你是晨光中学的学生李华，学校即将举办“低碳校园，从我做起”英语主题演讲活动。请你根据以下提示写一篇演讲稿： 1．指出校园中不符合低碳环保理念的现象； 2．建议从身边的小事做起； 3．号召大家采取行动。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 第一步：写好关键句 1．In our school,_________________________________________ ___________, and students using disposable cups and plastic bottles. 在我们学校，经常能看到教室没人时灯和风扇还开着，以及学生们使用一次性杯子和塑料瓶的现象。 2．Always __________________________________when leaving a classroom. 离开教室时记得关灯和风扇。 we often see lights and fans left on in empty classrooms remember to turn off lights and fans 3．Bring reusable water bottles and cups_____________________. 带上可重复使用的水瓶和水杯，减少塑料垃圾。 4．We can _______________________________________and encourage recycling programs within our school. 我们可以使用双面纸来节约资源，并在学校里鼓励回收计划。 5．By making small changes in our daily lives, ________________ ________________________and a sustainable future. 通过在日常生活中的点滴改变，我们能为创造更健康的环境和可持续的未来贡献力量。 to reduce plastic waste use both sides of paper to save resources we can contribute to a healthier environment 第二步：衔接顺畅成文 把以上句子用适当的过渡词、句组成一篇80词左右的短文。 Dear teachers and classmates， Today, I want to talk about creating a low－carbon campus, starting with each of us.In our school, we often see lights and fans left on in empty classrooms, and students using disposable cups and plastic bottles.These habits are not in line with low－carbon and environmental protection principles. To change this, we can start with small actions.Firstly, always remember to turn off lights and fans when leaving a classroom.Secondly, bring reusable water bottles and cups to reduce plastic waste.Additionally, we can use both sides of paper to save resources and encourage recycling programs within our school. Let's all take action to make our campus greener.By making small changes in our daily lives, we can contribute to a healthier environment and a sustainable future.Thank you! 精读“Workbook”语篇•发掘命题导向—(作为随堂训练使用) 北师大必修2　UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE “Workbook” 阅读语篇 |价值立意|考教衔接|　 本文聚焦全球水体微塑料污染这一具有强烈时代性的环境议题，彰显现实警示意义。2025年全国Ⅰ卷D篇阅读同样以此为主题，并引入“煮沸过滤法”作为应对思路，两者均体现出引导学生关注现实、推动思辨的教育导向。此类文本在拓展学生国际视野的同时，更驱动其批判性思维发展——从追溯污染源头到评估解决方案，完成从认知理解到分析 评价的深度学习过程。文本亦巧妙将宏观环保议题转化为“减量—重复使用—循环利用”的个人行动框架，激发学生的责任意识与实践参与感，促使他们将知识转化为可持续的日常行为，从而培养未来社会所必需的生态素养与行动能力。 Microplastics in Water — a Wake－Up Call for All of Us Today researchers announced that they have found tiny pieces of plastic in water samples from around the world. These pieces are called microplastics and are so small that they are invisible to the naked eye and are very difficult to remove from the water. When in the water, they are swallowed by fish and other animals and then enter the food chain. Even more concerning is the fact that the plastic has also been found in drinking water across the world. This means that we are drinking plastic every day. Scientists do not know what level of harm this will cause us in the future. Microplastics come from a number of different sources, in particular from washing and drying synthetic (non－natural) clothing and from cosmetics and cleaning products, such as toothpaste and face washes. Microplastics are even found in the air outside and at our homes. Almost every country across the world agrees that we cannot continue using so much plastic in our lives. We need to find a solution to remove microplastics from our oceans. We also need to introduce new taxes and other means to encourage companies to choose environment－friendly ingredients and recyclable packaging for their products. We need to take personal responsibility, too. We all have the freedom to choose how we spend our money and what kinds of business and products we support. Let's work together to protect our environment, both now and for the future. Remember: Reduce — Reuse — Recycle. |阅读理解|发掘命题导向 1．What is the main source of microplastics according to the text？(　　) A．Plastic bags and bottles. B．Industrial waste and sewage. C．Food packaging and containers. D．Synthetic clothes and cosmetics. 2．How does the author suggest we solve the plastic problem？(　　) A．By stopping using plastic products. B．By developing new plastic alternatives. C．By taxing companies and recycling more. D．By improving waste treatment technology. 3．What is the main purpose of the text？(　　) A．To explain what microplastics are. B．To warn people and call for action. C．To compare global pollution levels. D．To introduce new scientific findings. 答案：1～3　DCB |培优素养|提升语言能力 一、建构主题词汇 1．sample n．　　　　　　　样本，标本 2．source n. 来源，源头 3．cosmetic n. 化妆品 4．solution n. 解决方案 5．responsibility n. 责任，义务 6．enter the food chain 进入食物链 7．environment－friendly ingredients 环保的成分 8．recyclable packaging 可回收的包装 9．take personal responsibility 承担个人责任 10．protect our environment 保护我们的环境 二、语境辨析词义 1．(构词明义)microplastic [学构词]　前缀micro－主要表示“微小”的含义，常用于构成与“小尺度”相关的科技、生物、物理等领域术语。 ①Microplastics are even found in the air outside and at our homes._________ ②(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro－Farm (BMF) shortens it even more.____________ 微塑料 微型农场 2．(熟词生义)introduce v．[熟义]介绍，引见 [生义]引入；推行；使初次了解 ①We also need to introduce new taxes and other means to encourage companies to choose environment－friendly ingredients and recyclable packaging for their products._____ ②(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild._____________ 引入 使初次了解 三、习得亮点表达 When in the water, they are swallowed by fish and other animals and then enter the food chain. 赏析：本句采用“状语从句的省略形式”使得句式结构简洁紧凑，避免了因主语重复导致的句式冗余。 四、破译复杂长句 Microplastics come from a number of different sources, in particular from washing and drying synthetic (non－natural) clothing and from cosmetics and cleaning products, such as toothpaste and face washes. 抓标志 并列连词_____；插入语____________ 判类型 简单句(句中含有并列介词短语from ... and from ...作状语) 试翻译 微塑料来源多样，主要产生于合成(非自然的)衣物的洗涤与烘干过程，以及牙膏、洗面奶等化妆品和清洁用品。 and in particular 五、拓展文化认知 Synthetic clothing：合成纤维衣物是以石油、煤、天然气等为原料，通过化学合成制成的高分子化合物纺织品。其主要品种包括涤纶(聚酯纤维)、锦纶(尼龙)、腈纶、氨纶等，具有耐磨、抗皱、易护理等特点。但化纤衣服在清洗过程中会释放大量的微塑料纤维，这些纤维很难被过滤和降解。同时，化纤衣服在处理过程中会产生大量的废弃物，这些废弃物也很难被降解，会堆积在垃圾填埋场或焚烧场，占用土地资源，并渗透到土壤中，污染土壤和农作物。 课时作业评价 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (关注课标新增主题：生态环境) (2026·湖南师范大学附中模拟)From Beijing, more than 400 kilometers away, all the way up north, the temperature gradually drops.With the emergence of fire prevention warnings, Saihanba (塞罕坝), known as a “miracle on earth”， begins to come into view.In October, the cold wind blowing from Siberia has dyed (染色) Saihanba golden. In Mongolian, Saihanba means beautiful high mountains.However, Saihanba was a desert of “yellow sand covering the sky and flying birds without inhabiting trees” 62 years ago.Whenever the north wind blows, the windy sand located in Inner Mongolia will drive southward, reaching Beijing and Tianjin. After more than half a century of forest plantation, people who have come to Saihanba can hardly imagine the arid (干旱) scene.Occasionally, a gust of wind passes by, and they would just sigh and shout how strong the wind is, but they would not feel sandblasted (喷砂)． On Oct. 9, watchmen Liu Jun and Wang Juan were observing the surrounding forest area on a watchtower in Saihanba Forest Farm in Hebei Province.Liu is in charge of the observation and Wang keeps recording. “Spring and autumn are the critical fire prevention periods for our forest farm.We need to stay here for three months, have three meals a day, work and live in the building，” says Liu Jun, who has been engaged in observation for 13 years.Simple as it looks, the job is quite the burden on their shoulders.Only by enjoying loneliness can they keep this forest safe and sound. Saihanba today is not only a “green Great Wall” for windbreak and sand fixation (固化), but also a timber (林木) source.Many people would doubt why the trees that have grown up here are to be cut down in a planned way.Liu explains that most of the trees here are planted forest, and the forest species are relatively single, unlike natural forests that can adapt on their own and survive the fittest.The selective cutting of plantation forests is more like thinning when farmers plant crops.Only in this way can the nutrient area be expanded and diseased plants also be removed to ensure the healthy development of the forest areas. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过塞罕坝从沙漠到绿洲的蜕变，展现了中国生态治理的成就，强调了护林员的坚守与科学管理的重要性。 1．What can be learned about Saihanba from the first three paragraphs? A．It is suffering from a cold wind. B．Its desertification is under control. C．It is weathering a sandstorm. D．Its climate is beyond expectation. √ 解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After more than half a century of forest plantation, people who have come to Saihanba can hardly imagine the arid scene.”可知，沙漠化已被控制住。 2．Which of the following can best describe the watchmen? A．Bored but attentive. B．Simple but responsible. C．Tired but engaged. D．Lonely but committed. √ 解析:细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Only by enjoying loneliness can they keep this forest safe and sound.”可知，护林员长期驻守瞭望塔，忍受孤独，体现了他们孤独但尽责。 3．What does the underlined word “thinning” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Making something more beautiful and attractive. B．Making something stronger and healthier. C．Making something less thick or dense. D．Making something more valuable and useful. √ 解析:词义猜测题。根据最后一段画线词下文“Only in this way can the nutrient area be expanded and diseased plants also be removed to ensure the healthy development of the forest areas.”可知，通过这种方式可以清除病死的苗木，使树苗数量减少，由此可以推断“thinning”指减少树木的数量，表示“降低某物的厚度或密度”。 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Golden Miracle B．The Sand Wasteland C．The Timber Farm D．The Green Guardian √ 解析:标题归纳题。通读全文，特别是首尾段可知，塞罕坝通过植树造林和护林员的努力，从沙漠变为生态屏障，这里指护林员和森林都是绿色守护者。故D项“绿色卫士”既可以指森林，也可以指护林员，一语双关，适合作文章标题。 B (关注课标新增主题：农业发展) (2026·绵阳模拟)Oasis (绿洲) agriculture is a unique agricultural practice that thrives in the middle of arid and semi－arid regions, where water is a limited resource.These oases, usually forms where underground water reaches the ground, create fertile soil in deserts, allowing crops and plants to grow in such tough conditions.AlUla, an area in northwest Saudi Arabia, is a perfect example of this type of farming, with a history of thousands of years. The formation of AlUla's oasis results from a dry riverbed that channels water from distant rain into the valley, enriching the soil with minerals from the neighboring basalt (玄武岩) plains.This natural water source not only helped plants to grow and attracted animals but also became the home of early human societies.Around 5,000 years ago, people started to grow cereal grains in this area.Scientists have found evidence of ancient farming and diets in old grains, seeds, and wood, showing how important the oasis was for these early communities. Today, oases like AlUla are not only centers for farming but also places where trade, knowledge, and farming methods have been shared for centuries.However, these oases now face serious threats.For example, climate problems are changing rain patterns and making areas drier.Harmful farming practices and city expansion are using up water supplies, causing water levels to drop and soil to lose quality.Competition for limited resources is making social and economic gaps wider, putting oasis agriculture at risk.Without quick action, its future is uncertain. To protect oasis agriculture, sustainable management is needed.This includes using water－saving irrigation systems, avoiding water waste, and encouraging natural farming with varied crops.It is also vital to include local communities in protecting oases, as they have valuable knowledge passed down through generations.By doing these, we can ensure oasis agriculture survives and helps protect both Earth's biodiversity and cultural history. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了绿洲农业在干旱地区的独特作用，以及其面临的威胁和保护措施。 5．In which regions is oasis agriculture mainly applied? A．Regions with limited water. B．Regions with frequent floods. C．Extremely cold regions. D．Highly populated regions. √ 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Oasis agriculture is a unique agricultural practice that thrives in the middle of arid and semi－arid regions, where water is a limited resource.”可知，绿洲农业是在干旱和半干旱地区(水资源有限的地区)发展起来的独特农业实践。 6．What is the primary cause of AlUla's oasis formation? A．The discovery of ancient farming and diets. B．Minerals from the nearby plains. C．A dry riverbed transporting rainwater to the valley. D．The settlement of ancient people. √ 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The formation of AlUla's oasis results from a dry riverbed that channels water from distant rain into the valley”可知，AlUla绿洲形成的主要原因是干涸的河床将雨水引入山谷。 7．Why are the examples mentioned in paragraph 3? A．To analyze the limitation of oasis agriculture. B．To prove the importance of oases. C．To stress the effects on developing oasis agriculture. D．To illustrate the specific threats to oases. √ 解析:推理判断题。根据第三段中的“However, these oases now face serious threats.”可知，本段的举例是为了说明气候问题、有害的农业实践、城市扩张以及对有限资源的竞争等对绿洲造成的具体威胁。 8．Which suggestion does the author agree with? A. Growing single crops for higher efficiency. B．Adopting eco－friendly farming policies. C．Relying only on government－led conservation. D．Banning using all irrigation systems. √ 解析:推理判断题。最后一段提到，为了保护绿洲农业，需要可持续管理，包括使用节水灌溉系统、避免水资源浪费、鼓励种植多样化作物的自然农业，并且让当地社区参与保护。由此可推知，作者可能同意的建议是“采取生态友好型农业政策”。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (2026·衡阳模拟)It could be said trees naturally call for attention as they climb toward the sky with their arms outstretched. 9 As we bustle through our own day－to－day lives, trees seem to play the role of a backdrop (背景)． Trees play an important role in improving the quality and health of our lives, our homes, and our planet. 10 But that stillness is not synonymous (同义的) with laziness.Trees are rarely lazy.In fact, they are workhorses of the environment as the impact of their hard work carries miles farther than the ground in which they stand. Globally, trees are the most scalable and cost－effective tool in the fight against climate change.Trees clean the air and absorb carbon dioxide.　11　 For example, ring－tailed lemurs (环尾狐猴) are considered one of the most endangered creatures on the planet.A big reason is that half of the forests they depend on in Madagascar off the east coast of Africa were cut down.Lemurs aren't alone when it comes to a dependency on trees. 12 Where there's a need, trees can help fill it.In some communities, trees are an important food source.In others, they're a symbol of resilience (恢复力) following a damaging tragedy.When planted near streams and rivers, they clean the water. 13 That's right, when planted in the right place, a tree can help you bring down energy costs for your home. So as springtime arrives once again, take a moment and appreciate all a tree can be. A．Yet, it's still easy for us to ignore them. B．Rooted to a single spot, they appear still. C．They foster biodiversity and support critical habitats. D．We know there's never been a more important time for trees. E．And a bonus for homeowners: trees can even save your money. F．Being around trees can improve a person's mental health and creativity. G．Trees are home to 80% of all animals, plants, and insects that live on land. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了树木在改善我们的生活、家园和地球的质量与健康方面的重要作用，呼吁人们欣赏树木的价值。 9．选A　上文说树木会吸引注意力，下文提到树木似乎只是扮演着背景的角色。故A项“然而，我们仍然很容易忽视它们”承上启下，符合语境。 10．选B　下文提到，但这种静止并不等同于懒惰。故B项“它们扎根在一个地方，看起来是静止的”衔接下文，符合语境。选项中的“still”与下文的“stillness”相呼应。 11．选C　上文介绍了树木的作用：净化空气并吸收二氧化碳。下文则举例说明了树木对生物栖息地的影响。故C项“它们促进生物多样性并支持重要的栖息地”既承接了上文树木的作用，又引出了下文关于生物依赖树木的例子，符合语境。 12．选G　上文提到，在对树木的依赖方面，狐猴并不是唯一的。G项“树木是陆地上80%的动物、植物和昆虫的家园”具体说明了有很多生物依赖树木，进一步支撑了上文内容。 13．选E　下文提到，当树木种植在合适的地方时，它可以帮助你降低家庭的能源成本。故E项“对于房主来说还有一个好处：树木甚至可以帮你省钱”引领下文，符合语境。选项中的“save your money”与空后“bring down energy costs”相呼应。 $