必修1 Unit 4 第2课时 培优•阅读表达(课件PPT)-【新高考方案】2027年高考英语一轮总复习（译林版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦语法句型（同位语、动名词作主语）、应用文写作（建议信）、阅读理解（细节/推理/主旨题）等核心考点，依据高考评价体系，通过关联2024新高考Ⅰ卷写作、2025浙江1月阅读真题，明确语法应用占30%、应用文结构占25%、阅读题型占45%的考点分布，形成针对性备考体系。 课件亮点在于“真题实战+语块积累+思维建模”，如以2024新高考Ⅰ卷写作训练动名词作主语句型，精读语篇通过“抓标志-判类型-试翻译”破译长句，培养语言能力与思维品质。设“应用写美”“写实训练”模块，提供建议信关键句模板和衔接技巧，助力学生掌握答题策略，教师可据此精准教学，提升复习效率。

第2课时　培优•阅读表达 目录 学教材佳句•把句子写美 精读“Workbook”语篇•发掘命题导向—(作为随堂训练使用) 建构语义网•把语段写详 课时作业评价 01 02 03 04 学教材佳句•把句子写美 3 句型1　同位语 |教|材|佳|句| Jennifer Jones, 15, told friends in her class that she was feeling unwell. 珍妮弗·琼斯，15岁，曾告诉同班朋友自己感觉不适。 [赏析]　本句中，“15”作Jennifer Jones的同位语，对Jennifer Jones作进一步的解释说明，令人物描写更具体，人物形象更丰满。 |应|用|写|美| ①(人物描写)我的表姐，一位天才画家，能在几小时内将空白画布变成杰作。 My cousin, _________________, can turn a blank canvas into a vivid masterpiece within hours. ②(动作描写)经验丰富的消防员约翰毫不犹豫地冲进燃烧的大楼。 John, _______________________, rushed into the burning building without hesitation. a talented painter an experienced firefighter ③他们所有人都同意给这所乡村小学捐赠一些书籍。 _________________ donate some books to the rural primary school. ④去年夏天，我们游览了故宫——一座有着600年历史的宏伟宫殿。 We visited the Forbidden City, ___________________ with a 600－year history last summer. They all agreed to a magnificent palace 句型2　动名词(短语)作主语 |解|读|规|则| (1)动名词(短语)作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 (2)动名词表示经常性、习惯性的动作或情况，而不定式更倾向某一次特定的、具体的动作。 (3)为了避免“头重脚轻”，可以用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语后置，常用句型为It's a waste (of time ...)/no (little) good (use)＋doing sth.。 |习|练|规|则|　(变换句式) ①Reciting words every day ___ (be) necessary in learning a language. ②________ (walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old. ③___ is no use trying to persuade him to have a holiday because he is a workaholic. is Walking It |应|用|写|美| ④(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)在公园里进行艺术创作有别于平时的课堂环境，是一次别具一格的放松。 __________________________ was a refreshing break from the usual classroom setting. ⑤(观点陈述)说这么多只是在浪费时间，我们要做的是立刻开始行动。 _______________________________. What we need to do is go into action at once. Creating artwork in the park It's a waste of time talking so much 建构语义网•把语段写详 应用文写作序列(1)——建议信之“健康的生活方式” Ⅰ.积累语块(加黑词汇为本单元词汇复现)　 1．存在的问题 ①regularly skip meals　　　　 经常不吃饭 ②lack of exercise 缺乏锻炼 ③stay up late 熬夜 ④take in too much sugar and fat 摄入了太多的糖和脂肪 ⑤the unhealthy weight－loss habits 不健康的减肥习惯 2．造成的危害 ①feel weak and get ill easily 身体虚弱，容易生病 ②be harmful to teenagers 对青少年有害 ③suffer from obesity 饱受肥胖之苦 ④have trouble concentrating in class 课堂上很难集中精力 ⑤contribute to a bad memory 导致记忆力变差 ⑥have a negative influence on 对……有负面影响 3．指导与建议 ①physical and mental health 身心健康 ②be good for 对……有益 ③get into shape 保持健康，强身健体 ④stay/keep healthy/fit 保持健康 ⑤build up a strong body 增强体质 ⑥take regular exercise 经常锻炼 ⑦have a healthy balanced diet 保持健康均衡的饮食 ⑧learn to manage stress effectively 学会有效管理压力 ⑨ensure adequate water intake daily 保证每日足量饮水 ⑩avoid staying up late to maintain energy 避免熬夜以保持精力 ⑪get plenty of exercise to stay energetic and fit 多锻炼，保持精力充沛和健康 ⑫contain lots of fruits and green vegetables 包含大量的水果和绿色蔬菜 ⑬stick to your sleep schedule at the weekend 周末坚持正常作息 ⑭avoid prolonged sitting and stretch every hour 避免久坐，每小时拉伸一次 ⑮do moderate－intensity aerobic exercise 3－5 times a week 每周进行 3－5 次中等强度有氧运动 Ⅱ.写“实”训练(做到有话可说、有话会说)　 假定你是李华，你的笔友Jennifer 为了减肥，经常不吃早饭。请你给她写一封信，内容包括： 1．指出对方的问题； 2．提出建议。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 第一步：写好关键句 1．I'm told that _______________________________________ to keep slim, which _____________________________. 我听说你为了减肥经常不吃早餐。我认为，这对你的健康有害。 2．As we know, _________________________________________ since teenagers are still growing and our bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well. 我们都知道，健康均衡的饮食十分重要，因为青少年正在发育，我们需要大量营养以维持正常的身体机能。 you have regularly skipped your breakfast I think is harmful to your health it is important to have a healthy balanced diet 3．If we do not take in enough food, _________________________ _____. 如果食物摄入不足，我们会感觉体虚乏力，容易生病。 4．_____________________________________________ and there is no reason why you should be worried. 青少年轻微超重是正常现象，你没有必要为此焦虑。 we may feel weak and get ill easily It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight 5．I strongly encourage you to ___________________________ _______________ because living well is the safest and most effective way _______________. 我强烈鼓励你作息规律，多做运动，因为好好生活是最安全、最有效的塑身方式。 keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to get into shape 第二步：衔接顺畅成文 把以上句子用适当的过渡词、句组成一篇80词左右的短文。 Dear Jennifer， I'm told that you have regularly skipped your breakfast to keep slim, which I think is harmful to your health. As we know, it is important to have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and our bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well.What's worse, if we do not take in enough food, we may feel weak and get ill easily. It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why you should be worried.I strongly encourage you to keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape. Yours， Li Hua 精读“Workbook”语篇•发掘命题导向—(作为随堂训练使用) 译林必修1　UNIT 4　Looking good, feeling good “Workbook” 阅读语篇 |价值立意|教考衔接| 本文以遗传对体重的影响为切入口，呼应了社会普遍关注的健康议题，具有现实科普意义。它通过科学实验揭示体重差异的生理基础，引导学生理性看待体型，并巧妙关联2025年浙江1月高考B篇阅读“父母对儿童饮食干预”的主题——两者共同指向健康管理的核心：在理解先天因素的基础上，建立科学的生活习惯。同时传递出重要生命教育内涵：倡导平衡饮食与积极运动，引导学生形成基于科学认知的自我接纳态度与健康责任感。 Have you ever noticed that some people can eat what they want and stay in shape, while others carefully watch what they eat and still put on weight? How frustrating! However, scientists are beginning to believe that some people get the ability to stay thin from their parents. Scientists say that when some people eat, their bodies will naturally store the excess energy from food as fat. These people gain weight if they eat more than they need each day. Meanwhile, other people eat more than they need but their bodies are able to “burn off” the extra food without making fat, so they rarely have weight problems. To show that this is true, scientists have experimented on laboratory mice. They gave the mice a special diet with a lot of fat. Some mice gained weight while the other mice stayed thin, even though both groups of mice ate the same amount of food and got the same amount of exercise. Scientists concluded that weight gain seemed to be influenced by genetic factors. They also believe they have now identified the genes that may cause this tendency. These genes, according to the scientists, get passed down the generations. Armed with this knowledge, they believe it may be possible to develop medicines that can target the genes and stop people from gaining weight. The study of weight gain is becoming more important as the number of people who are overweight continues to grow. In the United States, over seventy percent of the population have weight problems. This means they are at risk of illnesses such as high blood pressure and heart disease. Current medicines for weight control do not work very well because they can have serious side effects, such as heart problems. However, it takes a long time to develop and thoroughly test new drugs. Therefore, despite this breakthrough in the study of weight－loss drugs, scientists and health professionals all agree that currently the best way to control weight gain is to have a healthy, balanced diet and an active lifestyle with daily exercise. This will not only help people avoid becoming overweight, but also help them stay healthy and energetic. |阅读理解|发掘命题导向 1．Why do some people rarely have weight problems despite eating more？(　　) A．Due to constant daily exercise. B．Because of their special diet habits. C．Owing to their body's ability to burn fat. D．Through carefully watching their food intake. 2．Why did scientists do experiments on laboratory mice？(　　) A．To test a new diet. B．To study weight genes. C．To compare exercise effects. D．To prove genetic influence. 3．Which would be the most suitable title for the text？(　　) A．Why Some People Stay Slim B．How Genes Control Your Weight C．A New Medicine for Weight Loss D．The Problem of Being Overweight 答案：1～3　CDA |培优素养|提升语言能力 一、建构主题词汇 1．exercise n．& v．　　　　　 运动，锻炼 2．control v．& n. 控制 3．balanced adj. 均衡的 4．energetic adj. 精力充沛的 5．stay in shape 保持身材 6．control weight gain 控制体重增长 7．a balanced diet 均衡饮食 8．an active lifestyle 积极的生活方式 二、语境辨析词义 1．(构词明义)identify [学构词]　－ify后缀，表示“使……化”“使成为……”等含义，通过将形容词或名词转化为动词，强调状态或性质的转变。 ①They also believe they have now identified the genes that may cause this tendency. ______ ②(2023·浙江1月高考)But it does not specify what those symbols mean. _________ 找到 明确指出 2．(一词多义)target n．目标；(攻击的)目标，对象；靶；指标；靶子vt.面向；瞄准；针对；把……作为攻击目标；把……作为批评的对象 ①Armed with this knowledge, they believe it may be possible to develop medicines that can target the genes and stop people from gaining weight. ________ ②The research team's ultimate target is to develop a vaccine (疫苗) that can provide lifetime immunity against the virus. ________ v.针对 n.目标 3．(熟词生义)work v．[熟义]工作；劳动；从事……工作　[生义]管理，经营(以获利)；奏效；使奏效 ①Current medicines for weight control do not work very well because they can have serious side effects, such as heart problems. _____ ②(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. _____ 奏效 工作 三、习得亮点表达 Have you ever noticed that some people can eat what they want and stay in shape, while others carefully watch what they eat and still put on weight? How frustrating! 赏析：以上两句为文章开头部分，通过提问引发读者共鸣，直接切入普遍关注的矛盾现象(“吃多不胖”与“节食仍胖”)。同时，感叹句“How frustrating！”强化了话题的争议性，激发读者继续阅读的兴趣。 四、破译复杂长句 1．Have you ever noticed that some people can eat what they want and stay in shape, while others carefully watch what they eat and still put on weight? 抓标志 并列连词_____；从属连词_____；连词代词_____ 判类型 并列复合句：分句1(含一个宾语从句，该从句中又嵌套一个宾语从句)＋while＋分句2(含一个宾语从句) 试翻译 你是否曾注意到，有些人想吃什么就吃什么，却能保持身材；而另一些人仔细控制饮食，体重却依然增加？ while that what 2．Some mice gained weight while the other mice stayed thin, even though both groups of mice ate the same amount of food and got the same amount of exercise. 抓标志 并列连词_____；从属连词____________ 判类型 主从复合句：分句1＋while＋分句2＋让步状语从句 试翻译 尽管两组小鼠摄入的食物量和运动量相同，但部分小鼠增重，另一些则保持苗条。 while even though 五、拓展文化认知 have weight problems：美国成人肥胖率(BMI≥30)约为40%，是全球肥胖率最高的国家之一。美国儿童肥胖率同样严峻，近1/ 3 的儿童超重。肥胖是体内脂肪过度积累导致的慢性代谢问题，与遗传、饮食、运动、心理及环境等因素相关。科学应对需结合饮食调整、规律运动、行为干预，严重时需医疗手段介入。 课时作业评价 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·济宁质检)People's tendency to follow trends, especially on social media — even when they look silly or take risks doing so — is definitely a common phenomenon.What does psychology say about trend following and is there a way to break free from the desire to follow the newest craze? According to Psychologist Pamela B．Rutledge, following trends isn't a sign of character weakness or mental instability.Rather, it is an entirely natural behavior embedded (嵌入) in humanity's fundamental need to belong to a social group and establish connections with others. Historically, following trends was crucial for our survival.Archaeologists have uncovered evidence that early humans worked together to transport stone tools over long distances about two million years ago in what is now Kenya — cooperation that allowed them to survive in a severe environment.And though following a trend on social media isn't exactly as important as outrunning a saber－toothed tiger, human evolution (进化) has programmed our brains to be receptive to social signals. Another contributing factor the social cognition (认知) — the processes that determine what we notice and how we respond to others — largely takes place in the parts of the brain that oversee sight, pattern recognition, decision－making, and similar functions.“Thanks to our humans' complex cognitive systems, our brains are really good at identifying patterns and stimulating behavior that communicates our social status.As a result, you can use almost anything to signal your membership or association with a social group.Giving off the right social signals lets others know which group you belong to or want to engage with — and those signals are monitored and interpreted by others.Referred to as identity signaling, these behaviors can range from posting a comment online to selecting a brand of clothing，” said Rutledge. Almost everyone follows trends in social groups, without exception.However, teenagers, and young adults are especially likely to follow trends, including risky ones, due to their heightened desire for acceptance and belonging among peers.Therefore, it's of great significance to guide them during their journey towards maturity. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们追随潮流的心理原因，以及青少年追随潮流的现象和正确引导他们的重要性。 √ 1．What does Rutledge think of following trends? A．Changeable.　　　　　　 B．Reasonable. C．Odd. D．Risky. 解析:推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Rather, it is an entirely natural behavior embedded in humanity's fundamental need to belong to a social group and establish connections with others.”可知，Rutledge认为追随潮流是合理的。 √ 2．Why did early humans prefer to follow trends? A．To remove mental weakness. B．To show their social status. C．To live through difficulties. D．To expand their population. 解析:推理判断题。根据第三段前两句可推知，早期人类追随潮流是为了在困难中生存下去。 √ 3．What is the hidden meaning of identity signaling? A．Good taste in fashion. B．Blind pursuit of novelty. C．A true reflection of personality. D．A keen thirst for belonging. 解析:推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句可推知，身份信号的隐藏含义是对归属的强烈渴望。 √ 4. What will the follow－up paragraph most probably talk about? A．Tips on helping kids embrace trends sensibly. B．Insights into forthcoming trends in the future. C．Parental guidance in kids' future jobs. D．Psychology behind trend adoption. 解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段特别是最后一句可推知，接下来的段落最有可能讨论帮助孩子明智地接受潮流的建议。 B (2026·云南师大附中模拟)We've all encountered that person who comes back from the gym or a run seemingly high on life.Scientists say that even a single exercise period can alter your neurochemistry in ways that create feelings of hope, calm, connection, and a generally better mood.However, some people feel worn out after a workout.“It's normal not to find exercise rewarding，” said Daniel Lieberman, a scientist at Harvard University.“There's nothing wrong with you.” Recent discoveries reveal that exercise produces a complex cocktail of “feel－good” chemicals, not just endorphins.Key players include endocannabinoids, which create a rush of excitement, dopamine, which creates a sense of reward, serotonin, which helps you feel focused and calm, and oxytocin, which enhances social connections. The body likely evolved to respond to physical activity to help early humans endure hours of hunting and gathering.The first 20 to 30 minutes of exercise often feel challenging because it takes about that long for the endocannabinoid system to lift your mood.Consistent exercise over about three weeks helps develop a strong dopamine reward system, making exercise more rewarding over time. Exercising with friends or in groups can provide an additional oxytocin boost, enhancing social connections.All types of exercise, including aerobic, resistance, and mindfulness practices like yoga, release mood－enhancing chemicals.It's beneficial to find activities you enjoy or at least don't hate to ensure consistent engagement. To optimize your exercise routine, experiment with different types of activities until you find one you love, and track your mood and enjoyment to guide your choices. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了锻炼对于情绪的影响，解释了锻炼后产生愉悦感的科学依据，同时提到了不同人对于锻炼后的反应差异，并建议找到自己喜欢的活动来维持长期的锻炼习惯。 √ 5．What does the underlined phrase “high on life” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Exploring something novel. B．Experiencing overall happiness. C．Achieving a new perspective. D．Cultivating a sense of gratitude. 解析:词义猜测题。根据画线词上下文可知，锻炼完的人心情放松，整个情绪会变好，由此可推出“high on life”在此处指的是体验到整体幸福感。 √ 6．How does the body's response to exercise help with endurance? A．By reducing energy spending. B．By conserving muscle strength. C．By decreasing oxygen consumption. D．By improving mood and motivation. 解析:细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，身体通过改善情绪和动机来帮助耐力。 √ 7．Why is it suggested to find an activity you like according to the text? A．To nurture close friendships. B．To facilitate forgetting concerns. C．To support long－term involvement. D．To maintain physical fitness levels. 解析:推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“It's beneficial to find activities you enjoy or at least don't hate to ensure consistent engagement.”可知，找到自己喜欢的活动有助于长期坚持下去。 √ 8. What does the text mainly talk about? A．Exercise releases multiple chemicals. B．Exercise promotes emotional balance. C．Exercise increases specific health conditions. D．Exercise boosts mood via chemical releases. 解析:主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句并结合各段首句可知，文章主要讲述了锻炼如何通过释放多种化学物质来提高情绪，并且解释了这些化学物质是如何作用于人体的。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Mental resilience (韧性) has become a vital skill in today's fast－paced world. _9_ Research indicates that individuals with high resilience levels are 35% more likely to maintain mental health during long－term stress.Let's explore scientifically proven methods to strengthen this ability. The Main Idea Explained Resilience is not about reducing stress but managing it effectively.Emerging neurobiological evidence sheds light on this positively adaptive process. _10_ Neuroscientists (神经学家) compare it to muscle training: facing proper challenges regularly improved mental ability to adjust.For instance, a 2023 Harvard study showed that proper stress increased brain thickness in areas related to making decisions. Physical Activity as a Foundation Exercise is universally recognized as a key resilience－building tool.During aerobic workouts, the body produces BDNF (脑源性神经营养因子), a protein important for brain development. _11_ Meanwhile, this chemical process not only improves mood but also strengthens mental abilities.To maximize benefits, experts suggest combining 30 minutes of daily exercise with relaxation methods such as deep breathing. The Power of Social Bonds Human beings succeed through meaningful connections.Strong social networks act as psychological safety nets during crises. _12_ A Stanford University study over many years found that people with strong social support recovered 50% faster from emotional difficulties than those who were isolated.Surprisingly, online communication through video calls was 80% as effective as face－to－face meetings in recent tests. Methods to Change Negative Thoughts How we view difficulties shapes our mental resilience.Psychologists suggest changing extreme negative ideas like “I can't handle this” into positive views such as “This is hard but possible”. A 2022 study found that daily gratitude practice lowers stress hormones by 25% in three weeks. _13_ A．Therefore, building strong connections should be a key goal. B．Creative activities like painting unexpectedly better stress tolerance. C．Workplace culture significantly impacts employees' stress management. D．This natural process helps maintain stable emotions and enhanced clear thinking. E．Moreover, actively noticing small daily successes helps develop positive thinking. F．This psychological training strengthens the brain's ability to handle future challenges. G．It refers to the ability to recover from difficulties while keeping basic operations running. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在当今快节奏的世界中，心理韧性已成为一项至关重要的技能，并探讨了科学证实的增强心理韧性的方法。 9．选G　上文提到，心理韧性在当今快节奏的世界中已成为一项至关重要的技能。G项“它指的是在保持基本功能正常运行的同时从困难中恢复的能力”对“心理韧性”这一概念进行解释说明，符合语境。 10．选F　上文提到，韧性不是减少压力，而是有效地管理压力。新出现的神经生物学证据揭示了这一积极的适应过程。F 项“这种心理训练增强了大脑处理未来挑战的能力”阐述的是这种适应过程对大脑能力的积极影响，符合语境。 11．选D　上文提到，在有氧运动中，身体会产生脑源性神经营养因子，这是一种对大脑发育很重要的蛋白质。D 项“这个自然过程有助于保持稳定的情绪并增强清晰的思维”说明产生脑源性神经营养因子这一自然过程对人的积极作用，符合语境。 12．选A　上文提到，人类通过有意义的联系取得成功。强大的社交网络在危机期间充当心理安全网。故A项“因此，建立强大的联系应该是一个关键目标”与上文构成因果关系，符合语境。 13．选E　上文提到，心理学家建议将“我无法处理这个问题”等极端消极想法转变为“这很难但有可能”等积极观点，并介绍了一种培养积极思维的方法。故E项“此外，积极关注日常的小成功有助于培养积极的思维”与上文构成递进关系，符合语境。 $