《40天记完高中688个核心单词》第39天 任务单-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语学习任务单聚焦高考核心词汇（571-585），通过核心词汇、词形变换、短语拓展及真题例句构建考点网络，以选词填空、单词填空等任务驱动学生自主梳理词形变化与语境运用，体现考点梳理的系统性和层次性。 亮点在于自主诊断与语言能力培养，设置选词填空、语篇翻译等自测工具，结合真题例句强化语境理解，通过词汇默写与词形变换任务巩固记忆，培养学生学习能力与思维品质，助力自主提升，支持教师精准指导因材施教。

《40天记完高中688个核心单词》第39天（词汇571-585） 一、核心词汇 571. capability 【4次】 /ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti/ n.能力 572. cater 【4次】 /ˈkeɪtə/ v.（+for/to）为...提供服务，满足...的需要；接待；将...考虑进去，考虑到 573. fancy 【4次】 /ˈfænsi/ v.想象，喜欢 n.想象的事物；想象（力）；想要，爱好 574. polish 【4次】 /ˈpɒlɪʃ/ n.擦光剂；上光剂；亮光剂 v.擦光，磨光，抛光；润色，修改 575. portable 【4次】 /ˈpɔːtəbl/ adj.手提式的 576. protest 【4次】 /prəˈtest/ v.抗议(against) 577. stimulus 【4次】 /ˈstɪmjələs/ n.刺激；刺激物 578. summarize 【4次】 /ˈsʌməraɪz/ v.概括，总结（英式：summarise） 579. superior 【4次】 /suːˈpɪəriə/ adj.（在品质上）更好的，占优势的，更胜一筹的；（在级别、重要性或职位上）更高的 n.上级，上司 580. surgery 【4次】 /ˈsɜːdʒəri/ n.外科手术 581. thoroughly 【4次】 /ˈθʌrəli/ adv.彻底地；极其 582. trail 【4次】 /treɪl/ n.小径；痕迹 583. tremble 【4次】 /ˈtrembl/ v.&n.（因紧张、激动、惊慌等）颤抖，哆嗦 584. format 【4次】 /ˈfɔːmæt/ n.版式，格式，形式 v.格式化（磁盘） 585. fundamental 【4次】 /ˌfʌndəˈmentl/ adj.十分重大的，根本的 n.基本原则 二、词形变换 1. capable —— capability n.能力 —— capable /ˈkeɪpəbl/ adj.有能力的 —— incapable /ɪnˈkeɪpəbl/ adj.无能力的 2. cater —— caterer /ˈkeɪtərə/ n.餐饮服务商 —— catering /ˈkeɪtərɪŋ/ n.餐饮服务 3. fancy —— fancier /ˈfænsiə/ n.爱好者 —— fanciful /ˈfænsɪfl/ adj.异想天开的 —— fancy adj.花哨的 4. polish —— polished /ˈpɒlɪʃt/ adj.擦亮的；优雅的 —— polisher /ˈpɒlɪʃə/ n.磨光机 5. portable —— portability /ˌpɔːtəˈbɪləti/ n.便携性 —— port /pɔːt/ n.港口 —— porter /ˈpɔːtə/ n.搬运工 6. protest —— protester /prəˈtestə/ n.抗议者 —— protestation /ˌprɒtəˈsteɪʃn/ n.声明；抗议 7. stimulate —— stimulus n.刺激 —— stimulate /ˈstɪmjuleɪt/ v.刺激 —— stimulating /ˈstɪmjuleɪtɪŋ/ adj.激励的 —— stimulation /ˌstɪmjuˈleɪʃn/ n.激励 8. summary —— summarize v.概括 —— summary /ˈsʌməri/ n.摘要 —— summarily /ˈsʌmərəli/ adv.草率地 9. superior —— superiority /suːˌpɪəriˈɒrəti/ n.优越性 —— superior adj.更好的 —— inferior /ɪnˈfɪəriə/ adj.较差的 10. surgery —— surgeon /ˈsɜːdʒən/ n.外科医生 —— surgical /ˈsɜːdʒɪkl/ adj.外科的 —— surgically /ˈsɜːdʒɪkli/ adv.外科地 11. thorough —— thoroughly adv.彻底地 —— thorough /ˈθʌrə/ adj.彻底的 —— thoroughness /ˈθʌrənəs/ n.彻底 12. trail —— trailer /ˈtreɪlə/ n.拖车；预告片 —— trail v.拖曳 13. tremble —— trembling /ˈtremblɪŋ/ adj.颤抖的 —— trembly /ˈtrembli/ adj.发颤的 14. format —— formation /fɔːˈmeɪʃn/ n.形成 —— formatted /ˈfɔːmætɪd/ adj.格式化的 15. fundamental —— fundamentally /ˌfʌndəˈmentəli/ adv.根本上 —— fundamentalism /ˌfʌndəˈmentəlɪzəm/ n.原教旨主义 三、重要词汇短语拓展与真题例句 1. capability —— military capability 军事能力；beyond one's capability 超出能力范围（2023新高考I卷）“The job requires a high level of technical capability.” 2. cater —— cater for 满足……的需要；cater to 迎合（2022全国乙卷）“The hotel caters to business travelers.” 3. fancy —— fancy doing 想象做；take a fancy to 喜欢上（2021全国甲卷）“I fancy going for a walk.” 4. polish —— polish up 完善；nail polish 指甲油（2020全国II卷）“She polished her shoes until they shone.” 5. portable —— portable computer 便携电脑（2019全国I卷）“The device is small and portable.” 6. protest —— protest against 反对；in protest 抗议（2018全国III卷）“The workers protested against the new policy.” 7. stimulus —— economic stimulus 经济刺激；stimulus package 刺激计划（2022新高考I卷）“The government provided a stimulus to the economy.” 8. summarize —— summarize the findings 总结发现（2021新高考I卷）“Please summarize the main points of the article.” 9. superior —— superior to 优于（2020全国I卷）“This product is superior to its competitors.” 10. surgery —— heart surgery 心脏手术；undergo surgery 接受手术（2019全国II卷）“The patient needs emergency surgery.” 11. thoroughly —— examine thoroughly 彻底检查（2018全国II卷）“The room was thoroughly cleaned.” 12. trail —— blaze a trail 开辟道路；follow a trail 循迹（2023全国乙卷）“The trail through the forest is well marked.” 13. tremble —— tremble with cold 冷得发抖；tremble with fear 害怕得发抖（2022新高考II卷）“Her voice trembled with emotion.” 14. format —— file format 文件格式（2021全国乙卷）“The document is saved in PDF format.” 15. fundamental —— fundamental change 根本变化；fundamental principle 基本原则（2020全国III卷）“Education is fundamental to a nation's development.” 四、选词填空 第一组（备选词：capability, cater, fancy, polish, portable, protest, stimulus, summarize, superior, surgery） 1. The new software has powerful processing ______ that can handle large amounts of data. 2. Most restaurants are happy to ______ to special dietary needs of their customers. 3. I ______ traveling to new places and experiencing different cultures. 4. Before submitting your essay, you should ______ it to eliminate any errors. 5. The laptop is lightweight and ______, making it perfect for students on the move. 6. The workers decided to ______ against the unfair working conditions. 7. The tax cut provided a much-needed ______ to the economy. 8. To conclude your presentation, you should ______ your main arguments clearly. 9. The new model is considered ______ to the previous version in terms of speed and design. 10. The patient was rushed into ______ immediately after the accident. 第二组（备选词：thoroughly, trail, tremble, format, fundamental, thorough, trailblazer, trembling, formatted, fundamentally） 11. The teacher ______ explained the difficult concept until every student understood it. 12. We followed the ______ through the forest and finally reached the lake. 13. She began to ______ with fear when she heard the strange noise outside. 14. The information must be saved in the correct ______ before it can be opened. 15. Honesty is a ______ value that should be taught to all children. 16. A ______ investigation revealed the truth about the incident. 17. The scientist is a ______ in the field of renewable energy research. 18. With ______ hands, she opened the letter and read the contents. 19. The computer was ______ and ready for use within an hour. 20. Our understanding of the world is ______ changed by new discoveries. 五、单词填空（语法填空或首字母填空，句子较长，设空位置分散） 1. The ______ (capability) of this new machine far exceeds that of its predecessor. 2. The school aims to ______ (cater) to the diverse interests and needs of its students. 3. She took a ______ (fancy) to the little cottage and decided to buy it immediately. 4. The ______ (polish) surface of the table reflected the light beautifully. 5. The ______ (portability) of the device makes it popular among travelers. 6. Several ______ (protest) gathered outside the government building. 7. The ______ (stimulate) for change came from the younger generation. 8. The report ______ (summary) the key findings of the research project. 9. The ______ (superior) of this product over its competitors is obvious. 10. The ______ (surgeon) team performed the operation successfully. 六、语篇翻译 The fundamental principle of progress is continuous improvement. Anyone can polish their skills with practice and dedication. It is important to summarize what you have learned regularly. The stimulus for growth often comes from challenges. A good leader must cater to the needs of the people. The portable technology we use today has changed our lives thoroughly. Some people fancy themselves as experts, but true experts always remain humble. When facing difficulties, it is normal to tremble, but we must overcome our fears. The trail of success is never straight; it is full of twists and turns. We must be ready to protest against injustice and protect the rights of all citizens. Our capability to adapt to new situations determines our long-term success. The format of our work should be clear and easy to follow. Those who believe they are superior to others often fail to see their own weaknesses. In the field of surgery, precision is fundamental to saving lives. We should not shrink from challenges, but rather seize them as opportunities to grow. 七、核心词汇默写 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 571. 能力 ____________ 572. 为...提供服务；满足...需要；迎合 ____________ 573. 想象；喜欢；幻想 ____________ 574. 擦光；磨光；润色 ____________ 575. 手提式的；便携的 ____________ 576. 抗议；反对 ____________ 577. 刺激；刺激物 ____________ 578. 概括；总结 ____________ 579. 更好的；占优势的；上级 ____________ 580. 外科手术 ____________ 581. 彻底地；极其 ____________ 582. 小径；痕迹 ____________ 583. 颤抖；哆嗦 ____________ 584. 版式；格式；形式 ____________ 585. 根本的；基本原则 ____________ 八、词形变换默写 1. capable → ______（n. 能力）→ ______（adj. 无能力的） 2. cater → ______（n. 餐饮服务商）→ ______（n. 餐饮服务） 3. fancy → ______（n. 爱好者）→ ______（adj. 异想天开的） 4. polish → ______（adj. 擦亮的；优雅的）→ ______（n. 磨光机） 5. portable → ______（n. 便携性）→ ______（n. 港口）→ ______（n. 搬运工） 6. protest → ______（n. 抗议者）→ ______（n. 声明） 7. stimulate → ______（n. 刺激）→ ______（v. 刺激）→ ______（adj. 激励的）→ ______（n. 激励） 8. summary → ______（v. 概括）→ ______（n. 摘要）→ ______（adv. 草率地） 9. superior → ______（n. 优越性）→ ______（adj. 较差的） 10. surgery → ______（n. 外科医生）→ ______（adj. 外科的）→ ______（adv. 外科地） 11. thorough → ______（adv. 彻底地）→ ______（n. 彻底） 12. trail → ______（n. 拖车；预告片） 13. tremble → ______（adj. 颤抖的） 14. format → ______（n. 形成）→ ______（adj. 格式化的） 15. fundamental → ______（adv. 根本上）→ ______（n. 原教旨主义） 【参考答案】 四、选词填空答案 第一组：1. capabilities 2. cater 3. fancy 4. polish 5. portable 6. protest 7. stimulus 8. summarize 9. superior 10. surgery 第二组：11. thoroughly 12. trail 13. tremble 14. format 15. fundamental 16. thorough 17. trailblazer 18. trembling 19. formatted 20. fundamentally 五、单词填空答案 1. capability（名词，能力） 2. cater（动词原形，满足） 3. fancy（名词，喜爱） 4. polished（形容词，擦亮的） 5. portability（名词，便携性） 6. protesters（名词复数，抗议者） 7. stimulus（名词，刺激） 8. summarizes（动词三单，总结） 9. superiority（名词，优越性） 10. surgical（形容词，外科的） 六、语篇翻译答案 根本的进步原则是持续改进。任何人都能通过练习和专注磨炼自己的技能。定期总结所学内容很重要。成长的刺激往往来自挑战。优秀的领导者必须满足人民的需求。我们今天使用的便携技术已彻底改变了我们的生活。有些人幻想自己是专家，但真正的专家始终保持谦逊。面对困难时，颤抖是正常的，但我们必须克服恐惧。成功的路径从不笔直，它充满曲折。我们必须准备抗议不公正，保护所有公民的权利。我们适应新情况的能力决定了我们的长期成功。我们工作的形式应清晰易懂。那些认为自己优于他人的人往往看不到自己的弱点。在外科手术领域，精准是根本。我们不应从挑战中退缩，而应将其抓住作为成长的机会。 七、核心词汇默写答案 571. capability 572. cater 573. fancy 574. polish 575. portable 576. protest 577. stimulus 578. summarize 579. superior 580. surgery 581. thoroughly 582. trail 583. tremble 584. format 585. fundamental 八、词形变换默写答案 1. capability, incapable 2. caterer, catering 3. fancier, fanciful 4. polished, polisher 5. portability, port, porter 6. protester, protestation 7. stimulus, stimulate, stimulating, stimulation 8. summarize, summary, summarily 9. superiority, inferior 10. surgeon, surgical, surgically 11. thoroughly, thoroughness 12. trailer 13. trembling 14. formation, formatted 15. fundamentally, fundamentalism $