2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册英语语法手册精讲精练

新人教版九上英语语法手册 精讲 精炼 Unit 1 The Changing World Unit 2 Inspiring People Unit 3 Smart Learning Unit 4 Our Memory Unit 5 Power of Ideas Unit 6 Beyond Earth Unit 7 Feel the Rhythm Unit 8 More than a Game 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 1 The Changing World · 核心语法精讲 考点一 一般过去时 (The Simple Past Tense) 概念与标志词▶ 表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与明确的过去时间状语连用。 标志词：yesterday, last week/year, ... ago, in 2020, just now, the other day, at that time, in the past。 句式结构全览▶ 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + 动词过去式 I visited Beijing last summer. 否定句 主语 + didn't + 动词原形 He didn't go to school yesterday. 疑问句 Did + 主语 + 动词原形？ Did you see the film last night? 考点二 现在完成时 (The Present Perfect Tense) 概念与标志词▶ ① 过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；② 动作从过去开始持续到现在。 标志词：already, yet, just, ever, never, before, since, for, so far, up to now, in the past/last few years, recently。▶ 构成与句式 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 I have finished my homework. 否定句 主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 She hasn't arrived yet. 疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词? Have you been to Shanghai? 核心用法深度辨析▶ ① have been to: 去过某地（已回来）；have gone to: 去了某地（未回来）；have been in: 在某地待了多久。 ② for + 时间段 vs since + 时间点/从句：二者均与延续性动词连用。 ③ 非延续性动词转换：die→be dead; leave→be away; buy→have; join→be in/be a member of; borrow→keep。 📌 时态辨析拔高库： 一般过去时 vs 现在完成时：前者强调过去发生（与现在无关），后者强调对现在影响。 I saw the film yesterday.（过去看了）vs I have seen the film.（现在知道内容）非延续性动词不能与 for/since 连用，必须转换为延续性形式。 🚨 高频错例辨析▶ I have saw this movie. →I have seen this movie. 错因：现在完成时结构为have/has+过去分词，see的过去分词是seen。 He has died for three years. →He has been dead for three years. 错因：die是非延续性动词，不能与for+时间段连用，需转换为be dead。 I have gone to Beijing twice. →I have been to Beijing twice. 错因：have gone to表示去了未回，表达"去过"应用have been to。 Where have you gone? The teacher is looking for you. →Where have you been? 错因：人已回来，应用have been (to)。 I have bought the bike for two years. →I have had the bike for two years. 错因：buy是非延续性动词，与时间段连用要改为have。 💡 解题步骤与记忆口诀 ① 看时间状语：yesterday/ago/last用过去时；already/yet/ever/since/for用现完； ② 过去时只说过去事，现完强调现在影响； ③ have been to去过已回，have gone to去了未归； ④ for接段since接点，非延续动词要转换。 Unit 1 The Changing World · 语法专练（25题） 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. I (live) here since I was born. 2. They (move) to Shanghai in 2019. 3. — you ever (be) to the Great Wall? —Yes, twice. 4. My grandpa (die) for five years. I miss him very much. 5. She (buy) the car last month and she (drive) it for about a month. 6. We (study) English for more than six years. 7. He (join) the army three years ago. That is to say, he (be) a soldier for three years. 8. I (not finish) my homework yet. Please wait a minute. 9. They (go) to the museum yesterday morning. 10. So far, great changes (take) place in my hometown. 11. —Where is Tom? —He (go) to the library. He'll be back soon. 12. I (see) the film last week. I already (see) it twice. 13. The old man (live) in this city since 1990. 14. I (borrow) the book for two weeks. I should return it tomorrow. 15. My brother (leave) home three years ago. He (be) away for three years. 二、单项选择 16. —How long you the dictionary? —For two weeks. A. did; borrow B. have; borrowed C. have; kept D. did; keep 17. His father the Party since 1990. A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in 18. —Have you finished your homework ? —Yes, I have finished it. A. yet; yet B. already; already C. yet; already D. already; yet 19. I haven't seen you last Friday. A. for B. since C. from D. on 20. Mr. Smith to China several times. He knows much about China. A. went B. goes C. has been D. has gone 21. —When you the new computer? —Last month. A. have; bought B. did; buy C. do; buy D. will; buy 22. —Where you ? —To the teachers' office. A. have; gone B. have; been C. do; go D. will; go 23. I this book for two weeks. I have to return it now. A. borrowed B. have borrowed C. kept D. have kept 24. Great changes in our city in the past few years. A. have taken place B. took place C. take place D. have been taken place 25. He in this factory for 20 years already. A. worked B. works C. has worked D. will work 6/40 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 2 Inspiring People · 核心语法精讲 考点一 It is + adj. + for/of sb. + to do sth. 句型句型结构总览▶ 该句型中 It 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语 to do sth.，用于表达"做某事对某人来说 是...的"或"某人做某事真是太...了"。 for sb. 与 of sb. 辨析▶ 类型 形容词特征 常见形容词与例句 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 It is + adj. + for sb. + to do It is + adj. + of sb. + to do 描述事物本身性质、特征，不修饰人的品格 描述人的品质、性格、评价人的行为 important, necessary, difficult, easy, hard, possible, impossible, dangerous, useful, interesting 例：It is important for us to learn English well. kind, nice, clever, foolish, silly, rude, polite, careless, careful, generous 例：It is very kind of you to help me. 考点二 It 句型的常见变式与拓展▶ 常见句型变体 句型变体 核心含义 典型例句 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间 It took me two hours to finish the work. It is + 名词 + to do sth. 做某事是… It is our duty to protect the environment. It is + adj. + that 从句 …是…的 It is true that he passed the exam. 📌 辨析公式速判法： 快速判断用 for 还是 of：将 sb. 与 adj. 组成句子， ① 若 "sb. is + adj." 要成立，则用 of（You are kind → of you）； ② 若 "sb. is + adj." 要不成立，则用 for（English is difficult √，for us to learn）。 可改写检验法：of 型可改为 sb. is + adj. + to do sth.（You are kind to help me.）；for 型不可这样改写。 考点三 动词不定式作主语/宾语/宾补/目的状语句法功能全梳理▶ 功能 位置/搭配 例句 作主 常用It作形式主语 It's good to help others. 语 作宾 want/hope/wish/decide/plan/agree/refuse/learn + to 语 do I decided to study harder. 作宾 ask/tell/want/invite/teach/encourage sb. + to do Teacher asked us to hand in 补 homework. 作状 表目的"为了" He came here to see you. 语 🚨 高频错例辨析▶ It is important of us to protect animals. →It is important for us to protect animals. 错因：important描述事物的性质而非人的品格，应用for。 It is clever for you to work out the problem. →It is clever of you to work out the problem. 错因：clever描述人聪明，应用of。 It spent me two hours to do homework. →It took me two hours to do homework. 错因：It takes sb. time to do是固定句型，不用spend。 It's very kind for you to say so. →It's very kind of you to say so. 错因：kind是描述人的品质，用of。 It is easy of him to answer the question. →It is easy for him to answer the question. 错因：easy指问题本身容易，不是描述人的品质，用for。 💡 解题步骤与记忆口诀 ① It是形式主，真正主语to do后移； ② of修饰人品格：kind/clever/nice/rude跟着of走； ③ for描事物难与易：difficult/important/necessary用for准没错； ④ 检验方法记心中：sb. is adj.成立用of不成立用for。 Unit 2 Inspiring People · 语法专练（25题） 一、用 for 或 of 填空 1. It is kind you to give me so much help. 2. It is necessary us to learn a foreign language well. 3. It was careless him to make so many mistakes in the exam. 4. It is impossible him to finish the work in such a short time. 5. It is silly you to give up such a good chance. 6. It is dangerous children to play with fire. 7. It is polite students to say hello to teachers. 8. It is very important us to keep healthy. 9. It is foolish him to believe what the man said. 10. It is hard me to answer this question. 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空 11. It's our duty (keep) our classroom clean and tidy. 12. It took him two hours (repair) the bike yesterday. 13. My teacher often tells us (not be) late for school. 14. I want (be) a scientist when I grow up. 15. He got up early (catch) the first bus. 16. It is necessary for us (learn) English well. 17. Would you like something (drink)? 18. The teacher encouraged me (try) again after I failed. 19. It is rude of you (speak) to the old like that. 20. My mother often asks me (finish) my homework on time. 三、单项选择 21. It is nice you to help me carry the box. A. for B. of C. to D. with 22. It is important people to learn team spirit. A. of B. for C. to D. at 23. It me fifteen minutes to walk to school every day. A. takes B. spends C. costs D. pays 24. It's very kind you to help me. A. to B. for C. of D. at 25. It is impossible him to finish the work today. It's too difficult. A. of B. for C. to D. with 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 3 Smart Learning · 核心语法精讲 考点一 宾语从句 (Object Clause) 总览宾语从句三要素▶ 要素 规则说明 核心要点 引导 that/if/whether/特殊疑问词 陈述句用that；一般疑问句用if/whether；特 词 殊疑问句用特殊疑问词。 语序 陈述语序（主+谓） 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句一律用陈述语序。 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 时态 主句现在→从句任意；主句过去→从句相应过去；客观真理→一般现在时 主现从不限，主过从必过，真理永一现。 考点二 that 引导的宾语从句 that 用法精讲▶ ① that 引导陈述句变来的宾语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，口语中常省略。 常用动词：say, think, believe, hope, know, hear, tell, find, guess, understand。例：I think (that) he is right. / She said (that) she would come tomorrow. ② 否定前移：主句主语为第一人称(I/we)，谓语为think/believe/suppose/guess时，从句否定要移到主句。 I don't think he will come. (我认为他不会来) 不能说 I think he won't come 考点三 if / whether 引导的宾语从句▶ if/whether 用法与区别 用法 含义 典型例句 一般疑问句变宾语从句 "是否" I wonder if/whether he will come. if 与 whether 区别 只用whether情况 ① 与or not连用；② 介词后；③ 不定式前；④ 句首 时态呼应 遵循宾从时态规则 He asked if/whether I was a student. 📌 语序时态铁律： ① 陈述语序铁律：助动词do/does/did必须去掉，情态动词can/will等保留但放在主语后。正：I don't know where he lives. 误：I don't know where does he live. ② 主过从必过：主句过去时，从句相应过去时态（一般过去/过去进行/过去将来/过去完成）。 ③ 客观真理永用一般现在时：The teacher said the earth goes around the sun. 🚨 高频错例辨析▶ He asked me where did I live. →He asked me where I lived. 错因：宾语从句必须用陈述语序，且主句过去时从句用过去时态lived。 I don't know that he will come or not. →I don't know whether he will come or not. 错因：与or not连用时只能用whether，不能用that/if。 I think he isn't right. →I don't think he is right. 错因：主句I think的否定要前移到主句。 The teacher told us the sun rose in the east. →The teacher told us the sun rises in the east. 错因：客观真理用一般现在时，不受主句过去时影响。 Could you tell me where is the nearest hospital? →Could you tell me where the nearest hospital is? 错因：宾语从句用陈述语序，is放在主语hospital之后。 💡 解题步骤与记忆口诀 ① 宾语从句三要素：引导词、语序、时态； ② 陈述语序永不变：主在前谓在后，do/does/did全删掉； ③ that陈述无意义，if/whether是否分； ④ 主现从不限，主过从必过，真理永一现； ⑤ I think否定要前移。 Unit 3 Smart Learning · 语法专练（25题） 一、用 that, if, whether 填空（that 可省则标注/） 1. I believe you are right. 2. She asked me I could help her. 3. I don't know he will come or not. 4. He said he was watching TV at that time. 5. We are talking about we will go there tomorrow. 6. I wonder it is going to rain. 7. The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun. 8. I don't know to go or stay. 9. Do you think it is important to learn English? 10. Could you tell me there is a hospital near here? 二、将句子改为宾语从句 11. "He is a student." (She said...) → She said that . 12. "Are you interested in music?" (He asked me...) → He asked me . 13. "Will they come tomorrow?" (I want to know...) → I want to know . 14. "Light travels faster than sound." (Our teacher told us...) → Our teacher told us . 15. "Does he live here?" (She didn't know...) → She didn't know . 三、单项选择 16. I don't know he will come tomorrow. he comes, I'll tell you. A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 17. The teacher said that the moon around the earth. A. go B. went C. goes D. going 18. Could you tell me the nearest post office is? A. what B. where C. how D. which 19. I don't think he is right, ? A. /; is he B. /; do I C. that; isn't he D. that; don't I 20. He asked me I knew the answer. A. that B. what C. if D. which 21. I want to know . A. where does he live B. where he lives C. he where lives D. he lives where 22. She didn't know go or wait. A. if to B. whether to C. that to D. what to 23. I don't know he will come. But he comes, please call me. A. if; if B. if; whether C. whether; whether D. that; if 24. —Do you know ? —Next Monday. A. when will he come B. when he came C. when he will come D. when did he come 25. I was surprised to find that he to Beijing before. A. has been B. had been C. went D. goes 15/40 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 4 Our Memory · 核心语法精讲 考点一 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句特殊疑问词分类▶ 类型 疑问词 典型例句 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 连接代词 连接副词 who, whom, whose, what, which Do you know who broke the window? when, where, how, why Can you tell me where he lives? 复合词组 how many, how much, how long, how often, how soon, how old He asked me how long I had stayed there. 📌 语序与时态重申： ① 陈述语序：特殊疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语，绝不能用疑问语序。 正：Do you know where he works? 误：Do you know where does he work? ② 时态呼应：主现从不限，主过从必过，真理一现（与Unit3规则完全一致）。 ③ 疑问词+不定式：可转换为"疑问词+to do"结构，相当于一个名词短语。 I don't know what I should do. = I don't know what to do. 考点二 宾语从句的反意疑问句与否定转移▶ 规则详解 规则 说明 例句 否定转移 主句I/we + think/believe/suppose/guess/imagine/expect I don't think he is right. 反意疑问句 主句第一人称+think等→与从句一致；其他人称→与主句一致 I don't think he is right, is he? She thinks he is right, doesn't she? 考点三 宾语从句解题综合技巧 📌 三步解题法： 第一步：判引词。看从句是陈述句(that)、一般疑问句(if/whether)还是特殊疑问句(wh-)。第二步：判语序。所有宾从必须是主+谓陈述语序，先排除疑问语序选项。 第三步：判时态。看主句时态决定从句时态，注意客观真理用一般现在时。 语序转换必杀技：特殊疑问句→宾语从句四步走： ① 找特殊疑问词保留在句首；② 去掉助动词do/does/did；③ 动词还原/变相应形式；④ 主语在谓语前陈述语序。 🚨 高频错例辨析▶ I don't know what should I do. →I don't know what I should do. 错因：宾语从句用陈述语序，主语I在情态动词should之前。 Could you tell me how can I get to the station? →Could you tell me how I can get to the station? 错因：how引导的宾语从句用陈述语序，I在can前。 He asked me where did I go yesterday. →He asked me where I went yesterday. 错因：陈述语序，去掉did，go变过去式went。 Can you tell me how old are you? →Can you tell me how old you are? 错因：how old引导的从句用陈述语序，you are。 I don't know that he wants. →I don't know what he wants. 错因：从句缺宾语，应用what引导，that在从句中不充当成分。 💡 解题步骤与记忆口诀 ① 宾从三步选答案：引导词语序时态按序判； ② 特殊疑问词保留好，主前谓后语序要记牢； ③ do/does/did全部删，动词形式相应变； ④ 疑问词加不定式，作用等于宾从句； ⑤ 否定转移看主句，反意问句看主从人称分。 Unit 4 Our Memory · 语法专练（25题） 一、用适当的特殊疑问词填空 1. Can you tell me he lives? I want to visit him. 2. Do you know he will come back? In a week? 3. I don't know he is late for school. Maybe he got up late. 4. Could you tell me book this is? It's on my desk. 5. She asked me I had learned English. (For 5 years.) 6. Do you know he is talking with? Our English teacher? 7. I want to know we will have the meeting. In Classroom 3? 8. Can you tell me the word means? 9. I don't understand he did such a silly thing. 10. She asked me I went to school every day. By bike. 二、句型转换（改为宾语从句或简单句） 11. "Where does he work?" Do you know? → Do you know ? 12. "When will they arrive?" Please tell me. → Please tell me . 13. "How did you go there?" He asked me. → He asked me . 14. I don't know what I should do next. → I don't know next. 15. She wondered where she could spend the holiday. → She wondered the holiday. 三、单项选择 16. —Do you know the Capital Museum? —Next Friday. A. when will they visit B. when they will visit C. when did they visit D. when they visited 17. I want to know . A. what is his name B. what his name is C. his name is what D. what was his name 18. The teacher asked the students . A. if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein born C. what they will do with the computers D. how many trees they have planted 19. —Could you tell me ? —Yes, he to the USA. A. where is he; has been B. where he is; has gone C. where was he; has been D. where he was; has gone 20. He asked me I could help him with his English. A. that B. what C. which D. if/whether 21. I don't know he will come tomorrow. A. who B. what C. when D. where 22. She didn't tell me . A. which room did he live in B. which room he lived in C. which room he lives in D. which room does he live in 23. Could you tell me the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where 24. I can't understand he likes computer games so much. A. that B. why C. what D. which 25. —Do you know for Shanghai last night? —At 9:00. A. what time he leaves B. what time does he leave C. what time he left D. what time did he leave 19/40 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 5 Power of Ideas · 核心语法精讲 考点一 被动语态（The Passive Voice）总论概念与构成▶ 当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，使用被动态。强调动作的承受者而非执行者。 基本构成：主语 + be + 及物动词过去分词(p.p.) (+ by sb.)。 be动词随时态、人称、数变化而变化，过去分词不变。 主动变被动四步法： ① 宾语提前作主语；② 谓语改为"be+p.p."，be时态与原句一致；③ 主语变by+宾格放句末（可省）；④其他成分照抄。 主动：He wrote the letter. → 被动：The letter was written (by him). 考点二 一般现在时与一般过去时的被动语态结构与例句▶ 时态 被动结构 典型例句 一般现在时 am/is/are + p.p. English is spoken all over the world. Rice is grown in the south of China. 一般过去时 was/were + p.p. The bridge was built ten years ago. These books were written by Lu Xun. 句式变换全表： 句式 一般现在时被动 一般过去时被动 肯定句 am/is/are + p.p. was/were + p.p. 否定句 am/is/are + not + p.p. was/were + not + p.p. 疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + p.p.? Was/Were + 主语 + p.p.? 考点三 被动语态的特殊情况 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 📌 特殊规则强化库： ① 带双宾语：把间接宾语(人)或直接宾语(物)提前均可；指物的宾语提前时要加to/for。 He gave me a book. → I was given a book. / A book was given to me. ② 含宾补：宾语提前作主语，宾补保留在原处（主补）。 We call him Xiao Wang. → He is called Xiao Wang. ③ 短语动词：被动中不能遗漏介词/副词。 The old people should be taken good care of. (of不能丢) ④ 不及物动词无被动：happen, take place, appear, disappear等。 🚨 高频错例辨析▶ The classroom cleans every day. →The classroom is cleaned every day. 错因：教室是"被打扫"，必须用被动语态is cleaned。 This song was sang by him. →This song was sung by him. 错因：sing的过去分词是sung，不是sang。 Great changes have been taken in my hometown. →Great changes have taken place in my hometown. 错因：take place是不及物短语，无被动语态。 The boy was made cry. →The boy was made to cry. 错因：make sb. do变被动要还原to: be made to do。 A new hospital will build in our city. →A new hospital will be built in our city. 错因：医院是"被建"，用被动语态be built。 💡 解题步骤与记忆口诀 ① 被动语态be加p.p.，be随时态人称变； ② 现被动am/is/are加p.p.，过被动was/were加p.p.； ③ 主变被四步走：宾提前、谓变be+p.p.、主变by、其他照旧； ④ 感官使役动词主动省to被动还原to； ⑤ happen/take place无被动。 Unit 5 Power of Ideas · 语法专练（25题）一、用所给动词的适当形式填空（一般现在/过去时被动） 1. Rice 2. The bridge 3. These books 4. English 5. The meeting 6. This kind of car 7. The thief 8. Football 9. The story 10. The window 11. These flowers 12. The letter 13. Chinese 14. The old man 15. Many trees (grow) in the south of China. (build) twenty years ago. (write) by Lu Xun. (speak) in many countries. (hold) last week. (make) in Shanghai. (catch) by the police yesterday. (play) all over the world. (tell) many times. It's very interesting. (break) by Tom yesterday. (water) every day. (send) to him last month. (speak) by more and more foreigners now. (take) to hospital after the accident. (plant) on the hill every spring. 二、单项选择 16. The People's Republic of China on October 1, 1949. A. founded B. was founded C. is founded D. was found 17. English in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken 18. This English song by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung 19. New computers all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used 20. A new hospital in my hometown last year. A. was built B. built C. is built D. builds 21. The cake delicious. It was made by my mother. A. tastes B. is tasted C. tasted D. was tasted 22. The problem at the meeting yesterday. A. discussed B. was discussed C. is discussed D. discusses 23. These books good care of in the library. A. must take B. must taken C. must be taken D. must be took 24. The Great Wall by thousands of people every year. A. visits B. visited C. is visited D. was visited 25. He was made the work again. A. do B. to do C. doing D. did 23/40 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 6 Beyond Earth · 核心语法精讲 考点一 一般将来时的被动语态概念与句式结构▶ 表示将来某个时间将要被发生的动作，主语是动作的承受者。 标志词：tomorrow, next week/month/year, in the future, in + 时间段, soon, the day after tomorrow。 句式 结构公式 典型例句 肯定句 主语 + will be + p.p. A new school will be built here next year. 否定句 主语 + will not (won't) be + p.p. The meeting won't be held tomorrow. 疑问句 Will + 主语 + be + p.p.? Will the bridge be finished next month? be going to am/is/are going to be + p.p. The problem is going to be discussed at the meeting. 考点二 含情态动词的被动语态▶ 结构与例句 情态动词 被动结构 典型例句 can / could can/could be + p.p. The work can be finished in two hours. must must be + p.p. Teenagers must be allowed to choose their own clothes. should should be + p.p. Old people should be spoken to politely. may / might may/might be + p.p. Your homework may be handed in tomorrow. 📌 时态被动总公式： 被动态万能公式：be + p.p.，be随时态变化： ① 一般现在：am/is/are + p.p. ② 一般过去：was/were + p.p. ③ 一般将来：will be / be going to be + p.p. ④ 情态动词：情态动词+be+p.p. 关键：不管什么时候，过去分词p.p.永远不变，只有be动词变化。 考点三 被动语态使用场景 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 📌 使用场景归纳： ① 不知道动作执行者是谁； ② 没必要指出动作执行者； ③ 强调或突出动作的承受者； ④ 动作执行者是泛指的人(people/they等)； ⑤ 正式书面语，如新闻报道、规章制度、科技说明。 🚨 高频错例辨析▶ A new hospital will build next year. →A new hospital will be built next year. 错因：医院是被建，将来被动结构为will be+过去分词built。 The work must finished on time. →The work must be finished on time. 错因：情态动词被动为情态动词 + be + p.p.，缺少be动词。 Many trees will planted tomorrow. →Many trees will be planted tomorrow. 错因：将来被动will后面必须加be，再加过去分词planted。 Children should allow to have their own hobbies. →Children should be allowed to have their own hobbies. 错因：孩子是"被允许"，用被动should be allowed。 The problem is going to discussed at the meeting. →The problem is going to be discussed at the meeting. 错因：be going to被动为be going to be+p.p.，缺少be。 💡 解题步骤与记忆口诀 ① 将来被动will be加p.p.，情态动词加be加p.p.； ② 一判主语是否承受动作定主被动；二看时间状语定时态；三按结构写be和p.p.； ③ be动词随时态变，p.p.永远不变； ④ happen/take place/occur无被动，不及物动词不带宾也无被动。 Unit 6 Beyond Earth · 语法专练（25题）一、用所给动词的适当形式填空（将来时/情态动词被动） 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. A new sports center These books must The problem Your homework should Many more trees The 2028 Olympic Games This work can The bridge Teenagers should (build) in our city next year. (return) to the library in two weeks. (discuss) at the meeting tomorrow. (hand) in before class. (plant) on the hill next spring. (hold) in Los Angeles. (finish) easily by him. (complete) in two months, I think. (encourage) to do social work. The old building is going to Your bike must (pull) down next week. (not put) here. It's in the way. A new film The work can More hospitals These letters must (show) at the cinema next week. (not finish) today. It's too hard. (build) in our country in the future. (send) at once. 二、单项选择 16. These books out of the reading room. You have to read them here. A. can take B. must be taken C. can't take D. mustn't be taken 17. A new bridge over the river next year. A. will build B. will be built C. is built D. builds 18. The environment by us. A. must protect B. must be protected C. protects D. protected 19. The letter in Japanese. Can you read it for me? A. writes B. wrote C. is written D. will be written 20. The problem as soon as possible. A. will solve B. will be solved C. solves D. solved 21. Old people must politely. A. speak to B. be spoken at C. be spoken to D. be speaking to 22. The meeting in Room 301 tomorrow morning. A. will hold B. will be held C. is held D. holds 23. The work in two days. A. will finish B. finishes C. will be finished D. finished 24. These books to the library on time. A. must return B. must be returned C. returned D. must returned 25. A new school in my hometown now. It will be finished next year. A. is building B. is being built C. builds D. is built 27/40 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 7 Feel the Rhythm · 核心语法精讲 考点一 定语从句（Attributive Clause）总览基本概念与结构▶ 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词/代词叫先行词；连接先行词和从句的词叫关系词， 包括关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that)和关系副词(when, where, why)。 基本结构：先行词 + 关系词 + 从句（关系词在从句中充当成分）。 考点二 关系代词的用法▶ 关系代词全表 关系代词 指代对象 从句成分 例句 who 人 主语、宾语 The man who is speaking is my teacher. whom 人 宾语（正式） The girl whom I met is my sister. whose 人/物 定语（表所属） I know the boy whose father is a doctor. which 物 主语、宾语 The book which is on the desk is mine. that 人/物 主语、宾语 The train that has just left is for Beijing. 考点三 只能用 that 不能用 which 的情况 📌 that 必用六情形： ① 先行词被序数词修饰； ② 先行词被最高级修饰； ③ 先行词是不定代词(all, everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none)； ④ 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰； ⑤ 先行词既有人又有物； ⑥ 主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句。 例：This is the best film that I have ever seen. / They talked about things and persons that they remembered. 28 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 限制性定语从句使用注意▶ 注意事项 规则说明 例句 关系代词作宾语可省 口语/非正式文中who/whom/which/that作宾语可省略 The book (that/which) I bought is interesting. 不能省that情况 that在从句中作主语不可省略；介词提前不 用that The house in which he lives is large. (不能说in that) 🚨 高频错例辨析▶ The man which is standing there is my father. →The man who/that is standing there is my father. 错因：先行词是人(man)，不能用which引导，应用who/that。 This is the most beautiful place which I have visited. →This is the most beautiful place that I have visited. 错因：先行词被最高级most beautiful修饰，只能用that。 I know the man his son is a singer. →I know the man whose son is a singer. 错因：表示所属关系"…的"用whose，不能用his。 The book that I bought it yesterday is very good. →The book (that) I bought yesterday is very good. 错因：that已经指代the book作bought的宾语，不能再加it重复宾语。 Everything which he said is true. →Everything that he said is true. 错因：先行词是不定代词everything，只能用that不能用which。 💡 解题步骤与记忆口诀 ① 定语从句三步判：找先行词、看指人还是指物、分析关系词在从句中作什么成分； ② 人用who/that物用which/that，所属关系用whose； ③ that用法要记全：不定代词、最高级、序数词、the only/the very、人+物、主句who/which开头只用 that； ④ 关系代词作宾语可省，作主语不能省。 Unit 7 Feel the Rhythm · 语法专练（25题）一、用 who, whom, whose, which, that 填空 1. The man is standing under the tree is my uncle. 2. The book I bought yesterday is very interesting. 3. This is the girl mother is a famous singer. 4. The building stands near the river is our school. 5. The person you met just now is our manager. 6. This is the best film I have ever seen. 7. Everything he said was true. 8. Who is the boy is speaking there? 9. I know the boy father is a doctor. 10. The first thing we should do is to clean the room. 11. The man and the dog passed here left footprints. 12. The only thing I want to do is to have a rest. 13. This is the very book I have been looking for. 14. The girl we saw yesterday is Jim's sister. 15. The house he lives in is very beautiful. 二、单项选择 16. This is the man I saw last night. A. which B. whose C. whom D. what 17. The house Lu Xun once lived is now a museum. A. which B. that C. in which D. in that 18. Is there anything I can do for you? A. which B. who C. that D. what 19. I like the boy is hard-working. A. which B. who C. whom D. whose 20. This is the most beautiful park I have ever visited. A. which B. who C. that D. where 21. The man coat is black is waiting for you. A. who B. whom C. whose D. that 22. The book cover is red is mine. A. who B. which C. whose D. that 23. They talked about things and persons they remembered in the school. A. who B. which C. that D. what 24. Which of the books you borrowed is the most useful? A. which B. that C. who D. what 25. The last place we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. who 31/40 31 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 8 More than a Game · 核心语法精讲 考点一 主谓一致（Subject-Verb Agreement）三大原则三大原则详解▶ ① 语法一致原则：主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数；主语是复数形式，谓语动词用复数。 He likes playing basketball. / They like playing football. ② 意义一致原则：谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的意义而非形式，如集体名词family, class, team, group, audience等，看作整体时用单数，指成员时用复数。 His family is a large one. (整体) / His family are watching TV. (成员) ③ 就近一致原则：谓语动词的单复数取决于离它最近的主语。适用于：there be句型；not only...but also...；neither...nor...；either...or...；not...but...。 There is a pen and two books on the desk. / Neither he nor I am right. 考点二 主谓一致高频考点精讲高频考点汇总▶ 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 主语形式 谓语单 复数 典型例句与说明 不定代词 (each/either/neither/one/anyone/something/everybody等) each/every/many a/no + 单名 + and + each/every/many a/no + 单名 单数 Everyone is here. / Nothing is impossible. 单数 Every boy and every girl has the right to education. 时间/金钱/距离/重量/数目等复数名词 单数 （看作整体） Ten years is a long time. / Five hundred miles is a long distance. the + 形容词(表一类人) 复数 a number of + 名复 复数("许 多") the number of + 名复 单数("… 的数量") The rich are not always happy. / The wounded were taken to hospital. A number of students are playing on the playground. The number of students in our class is 50. 考点三 特殊句式中的主谓一致 and连接与特殊句式规则▶ and连接主语规则： ① A and B: 指不同的人/物，谓语复数；指同一人/物/整体概念，谓语单数（通常第二个名词前无冠词）。 The writer and teacher is coming. (作家兼教师，同一人) / The writer and the teacher are coming. (两个人) ② both...and...连接主语，谓语永远用复数。 ③ with/along with/together with/except/but/besides/as well as 连接主语，谓语与前面主语一致(就远原则)。 Tom, together with his parents, is going to Beijing. 倒装句与定语从句： ① Here/There开头的倒装句：谓语与后面真正主语一致。Here comes the bus. ② 定语从句中关系代词作主语，谓语与先行词一致。 ③ one of + 名复 + who/which/that从句：从句谓语用复数；the only one of + 名复 + 从句：从句谓语用单数。 🚨 高频错例辨析▶ Neither you nor he are right. →Neither you nor he is right. 错因：neither...nor...就近一致，谓语与最近主语he一致，用is。 The number of students in our class are 45. →The number of students in our class is 45. 错因：the number of表示"...的数量"，作主语谓语用单数。 A number of students is reading in the classroom. →A number of students are reading in the classroom. 错因：a number of表示"许多"，后接复数名词，谓语用复数。 Five years are quite a short time. →Five years is quite a short time. 错因：表示时间/金钱/距离的复数名词作整体看待，谓语用单数。 Tom with his brothers like playing football. →Tom with his brothers likes playing football. 错因：with连接主语时就远一致，谓语与前面的Tom一致，用单数likes。 💡 解题步骤与记忆口诀 ① 主谓一致三原则：语法一致、意义一致、就近一致； ② 不定代词用单数，时间金钱距离整体看单数； ③ 就近原则there be/or/either...or/neither...nor/not only...but also； ④ 就远原则with/as well as/except/but/together with看前面主语； ⑤ a number of复，the number of单。 Unit 8 More than a Game · 语法专练（25题）一、用所给动词的适当形式填空（注意主谓一致） 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. Everyone in our class Neither he nor I (like) English. (be) interested in playing chess. The number of students in our school (be) over 2,000. A number of students The teacher, with his students, (have) finished the homework. (be) going to visit the museum. Math The old (be) my favorite subject. (be) taken good care of in our country. Five thousand dollars Both Tom and Jack (be) quite a lot of money for me. (be) good at basketball. There (be) a book and two pens on the desk. Not only you but also he The family The writer and artist Each of the students Two months (know) the answer. (be) watching TV when I came in. (be) coming to give us a talk. (have) a dictionary. (be) quite a long holiday. 二、单项选择 16. Everyone except Tom and John there when the meeting began. A. is B. was C. are D. were 17. Neither Tom nor his parents interested in pop music. A. is B. are C. has D. have 18. The number of the workers in this factory about 500. A. are B. is C. has D. have 19. of the land in that district covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are 20. Not only I but also Jane and Mary tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be 21. A library with five thousand books to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered 22. When and where to build the new factory yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided 23. The bread and butter served for breakfast. A. are B. is C. have D. had 24. There a lot of milk in the glass. A. is B. are C. have D. has 25. Each man and each woman asked to help when the earthquake broke out. A. is B. are C. was D. were 36/40 36 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案与考点解析 (U1-U4) Unit 1 答案▶ 一、填空题： 1. have lived [现完+since+过去时间点] 2. moved [一般过去时+过去时间in 2019] 3. Have; been [现在完成时一般疑问句，have been to去过] 4. has been dead [非延续动词die转换为be dead+for时间段] 5. bought; has driven [last month过去时; for a month现完延续] 6. have studied [for+时间段，现完延续] 7. joined; has been [three years ago过去时; for three years现完，join→be in] 8. haven't finished [yet用于现完否定句] 9. went [yesterday morning用一般过去时] 10. have taken place [so far现完标志，take place无被动] 11. has gone [have gone to去了未归，根据后句会回来判断] 12. saw; have; seen [last week过去时，already现完] 13. has lived [since 1990现完延续] 14. have kept [for two weeks现完，borrow→keep延续] 15. left; has been [three years ago过去时; for three years现完，leave→be away] 二、选择题：16-20: CDCBC 21-25: BBDAC Unit 2 答案▶ 一、for/of填空： 1. of [kind描述人的品质] 2. for [necessary描述事物性质] 3. of [careless描述性格] 4. for [impossible描述难度] 5. of [silly 描述人] 6. for [dangerous描述事情] 7. of [polite描述人] 8. for [important描述事情] 9. of [foolish描述人] 10. for [hard描述问题] 二、动词填空： 11. to keep [It's+n.+to do] 12. to repair [It takes sb. time to do] 13. not to be [tell sb. not to do] 14. to be [want to do] 15. to catch [不定式表目的] 16. to learn [It is+adj.+for sb. to do] 17. to drink [不定式作后置定语] 18. to try [encourage sb. to do] 19. to speak [It is+adj.+of sb. to do] 20. to finish [ask sb. to do] 三、选择题：21-25: BBACB 37 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 3 答案 一、引导词填空： 1. that 2. if/whether 3. whether [or not连用] 4. that 5. whether [介词后] 6. if/whether 7. that [客观真理] 8. whether [不 定式前] 9. that 10. if/whether 二、句型转换： 11. he was a student [主过从过] 12. if/whether I was interested in music 13. if/whether they would come the next day 14. that light travels faster than sound [真理不变] 15. if/whether he lived there 三、选择题：16-20: DCBAC 21-25: BBACB Unit 4 答案 一、疑问词填空： 1. where 2. How soon [in+时间段提问] 3. why 4. whose [所属] 5. How long [for+时间段] 6. who/whom 7. where 8. what 9. why 10. How [方式] 二、句型转换： 11. where he works 12. when they will arrive 13. how I had gone there 14. what to do 15. where to spend 三、选择题：16-20: BBABD 21-25: CBDBC ▶ ▶ 参考答案与考点解析 (U5-U8) Unit 5 答案▶ 一、动词填空（被动语态）： 1. is grown 2. was built 3. were written 4. is spoken 5. was held 6. is made 7. was caught 8. is played 9. has been told 10. was broken 11. are watered 12. was sent 13. is spoken 14. was taken 15. are planted 二、选择题：16-20: BDDCA 21-25: ABCCB Unit 6 答案▶ 一、动词填空（将来/情态被动）： 1. will be built 2. be returned 3. will be discussed 4. be handed 5. will be planted 6. will be held 7. be finished 8. will be completed 9. be encouraged 10. be pulled 11. not be put 12. will be shown 13. not be finished 14. will be built 15. be sent 二、选择题：16-20: DBBCB 21-25: CBCBB Unit 7 答案▶ 一、关系代词填空： 1. who/that [指人作主语] 2. that/which/省 [指物作宾语] 3. whose [所属] 4. which/that [指物作主语] 5. who/whom/that/省 [指人作宾语] 6. that [最高级修饰] 7. that [不定代词] 8. that [who开头避免重复] 9. whose [所属] 10. that [序数词修饰] 11. that [人+物] 12. that [the only修饰] 13. that [the very修饰] 14. who/whom/that/省 [作宾语] 15. which/that/省 [作宾语] 二、选择题：16-20: CCCBC 21-25: CCCBB Unit 8 答案▶ 一、动词填空（主谓一致）： 1. likes [everyone单数] 2. am [neither...nor就近与I一致] 3. is [the number of单数] 4. have [a number of复数] 5. is [with 就远与teacher一致] 6. is [学科名词单数] 7. are [the old表一类人复数] 8. is [金钱整体单数] 9. are [both...and复数] 10. is [there be就近a book单数] 11. knows [not only...but also就近与he一致] 12. were [family指成员复数过去时] 13. is [同一人单数] 14. has [each of单数] 15. is [时间整体单数] 二、选择题：16-20: BBBCB 21-25: AABAC $