Unit 1 Water（单元分层自测·基础通关卷）英语新教材沪教版（五四学制）八年级上册

2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元自测 Unit 1 Water·基础通关 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、试室号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、语法选择(本大题共 10题，每题2分，共20分) 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡将对应选项涂黑。 In a quiet village by a green forest, there 1 a girl called Mia. On a Sunday afternoon, when she was walking in the forest. She heard a sad cry. Then she followed 2 sound and found a baby deer stuck (困住) in a small tree by plastic bags. Its leg was hurt, 3 it looked afraid. Mia got close to the deer slowly and set it free. She knew it needed treatment as 4 as possible, so she ran to 5 animal centre of all. At the centre, the nurse did her best to save the deer. The nurse said to Mia, “Thanks to your timely help, it is now out of danger.” 6 glad Mia was to hear this! Then she decided to do more for animals. She invited her friends 7 up a club for protecting animals. There was 8 rubbish in the forest. To protect animals 9 rubbish, they did every weekend clean-ups in the forest. They also raised money for the animal centre. Now, through the actions of Mia and her friends, the forest 10 much cleaner and animals live more happily. 1．A．is B．are C．was 2．A．a B．the C．an 3．A．and B．but C．or 4．A．quick B．quickly C．quickness 5．A．close B．closer C．the closest 6．A．How B．What C．What a 7．A．set B．to set C．setting 8．A．too many B．too much C．much too 9．A．from B．against C．for 10．A．became B．become C．becomes 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了米娅救了一只被塑料袋困在小树上的小鹿，她因此意识到了环境污染问题。后来她和朋友们成立了保护动物的俱乐部，每个周末都去打扫森林。现在，森林变得更干净了，动物们生活得也更开心了。 【详解】1．句意：在一片绿树环绕的宁静村庄里，有一个名叫米娅的女孩。 is是，系动词，用于一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数；are是，系动词，用于一般现在时，主语为you或复数；was是，系动词，用于一般过去时，主语为I或第三人称单数。句中主语“a girl”为第三人称单数，且本文讲述的是一个故事，应用一般过去时，故选C。 2．句意：随后，她循着声音找到了一只被塑料袋困在小树上的小鹿。 a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前。根据前句“She heard a sad cry.”可知，此处“sound”指前面提到的叫声，表示特指。故选B。 3．句意：它的腿受了伤，看起来很害怕。 and和，又，表示顺承关系；but但是，表示转折关系；so所以，表示因果关系。前句“Its leg was hurt”和此句“it looked afraid”构成顺承关系，故选A。 4．句意：她知道这只小鹿急需治疗，所以她迅速跑到了离她最近的动物救助中心。 quick快的，形容词；quickly快地，副词；quickness快速，名词。“as+形容词/副词+as possible”意为“尽可能……”，此处应用副词修饰从句中的谓语动词“needed”可知，故选B。 5．句意：她知道这只小鹿急需治疗，所以她迅速跑到了离她最近的动物救助中心。 close近的，形容词；closer更近的，为close的比较级；the closest最近的，为close的最高级。根据“of all”可知，此处是说去了最近的动物救助中心，应用最高级。故选C。 6．句意：米娅听到这话是多么高兴啊！ How引导感叹句时，其结构为“How+形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)!”；What引导感叹句时，其结构为“What (a/an)+形容词+名词(+主语+谓语)!”；What a引导感叹句时，其结构为“What a+以辅音音素开头的形容词+名词(+主语+谓语)!”。句中“glad”为形容词，且“Mia”和“was”分别作主语和谓语，应用how引导感叹句，故选A。 7．句意：她邀请她的朋友们成立一个保护动物的俱乐部。 set up成立；to set up成立，为动词不定式；setting up成立，为现在分词。根据“She invited her friends”可知，此处是说邀请朋友们成立一个保护动物的俱乐部，invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”。故选B。 8．句意：森林里有太多的垃圾。 too many太多，修饰复数名词；too much太多，修饰不可数名词；much too太，修饰形容词或副词。句中“rubbish”为不可数名词，应用too much修饰，故选B。 9．句意：为了保护动物免受垃圾的侵害，他们每个周末都会在森林里进行清理工作。 from从；against反对；for为了。根据“To protect animals”可知，此处是说为了保护动物不受垃圾的侵害，protect...from...“保护……不受……的伤害”。故选A。 10．句意：如今，通过米娅和她朋友们的行动，森林变得更加干净了，动物们也过着更加快乐的生活。 became变得，为become的过去式；become变得，为动词原形；becomes变得，为become的第三人称单数。根据“Now”和“and animals live more happily”可知，此句用一般现在时，主语“the forest”为第三人称单数，become用第三人称单数。故选C。 二、选词填空(共8分) Choose the proper words or phrases in the box to complete the following passages. Each word or phrase can only be used once. (将下列单词填入空格，每个单词只能填一次) A．frozen  B．freshwater  C． take in  D．pours  E. deserts Earth is a water planet, but most of its H₂O is in the oceans. Only about 2.5 percent of the planet’s water is freshwater. Of that, nearly 70 percent is 11 in glaciers and ice caps (冰川和冰冠). About 30 percent is groundwater. It hides under mountains, plains (平原) and even 12 . Tiny gaps between rocks and soil 13 and hold this water like a sponge (海绵), which is called aquifers (含水层). Groundwater is a key part of Earth’s water cycle. Some groundwater naturally rises and 14 out onto Earth’s surface through springs (泉). In fact, the amount of groundwater we use is 200 times that of oil. A．directly  B．precious  C． rise  D．up  E. chemicals As human-caused climate change dries out parts of the planet, the need for groundwater will 15 . At the same time, climate change may make storms heavier. Heavier rains are more likely to rush 16 into lakes and rivers than flow into soil. So there may be less groundwater to go around. Meanwhile, human activity pollutes groundwater in many places. Some 17 from farming or mining (采矿) flow into these aquifers. Electronic waste has also polluted groundwater. What can be done? We can cut back on pollution and find new ways to purify (净化) groundwater. What else can you think of to help protect this 18 resource? 【答案】11．A 12．E 13．C 14．D 15．C 16．A 17．E 18．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了地球上的水资源分布情况及地球淡水稀缺，地下水是水循环关键但是受气候变化及人类活动威胁，面临需求增加及污染等问题，呼吁人类保护地球水资源的故事。 11．句意：其中，近70%的水存在于冰川和冰冠之中。根据“Earth is a water planet, ...in glaciers and ice caps.”及常识可知，淡水中的70%存在于冰川和冰冠中，冰川是冰冻状态，frozen“冰冻的”。故选A。 12．句意：地下水隐藏在山脉、平原下，甚至包括沙漠。根据“mountains, plains”可知，此处要与其表示并列，说明地下水的位置。deserts“沙漠”符合。故选E。 13．句意：岩石和土壤的缝隙像海绵一样吸收并储存水。根据“hold this water like a sponge”及“which is called aquifers”可知，此处表示吸收水。take in“吸收”符合。故选C。 14．句意：一些地下水会自然上升，并通过泉涌出到地球表面。根据“Some groundwater naturally rises...out onto Earth’s surface through springs.”可知，地下水地下水通过泉眼自然涌出地表，pours out 表示“涌出”。故选D。 15．句意：由于人为造成的气候变化使地球部分地区变得干旱，对地下水的需求将会上升。根据“As human-caused climate change dries out parts of the planet,”可知，气候变化导致地下水需求增加。rise“增加”符合。故选C。 16．句意：暴雨更可能直接冲入湖泊河流而非渗入土壤。根据“So there may be less groundwater to go around.”可知，暴雨直接进入湖泊和河流，所以导致地下水减少。directly“直接地”符合。故选A。 17．句意：一些农业或采矿产生的化学物质流入这些含水层。根据“human activity pollutes groundwater in many places.”可知，此处介绍人类产生的污染物危害水源。chemicals“化学品”符合。故选E。 18．句意：你还能想到其他的方式来保护这珍贵的资源吗？根据“We can cut back on pollution and find new ways to purify (净化) groundwater.”及生活常识可知，地下水是需保护的珍贵资源。precious“珍贵的”符合。故选B。 三、按要求填写句子，补全对话（每题2.5分，共10分） Situation: Mr. Green, a community worker, is talking to Lily about water protection. Lily: Mr. Green, our school teaches us to turn off the tap tightly after washing hands. 19 ? (根据回应，写出一句一般疑问句) Mr. Green: Yes, it is a good habit. If we forget to do that, we’ll waste much clean water. Lily: Besides, I feel quite sad and angry to see factory waste pollutes many rivers. 20 ? (请根据划线部分提问) Mr. Green: In fact, the government asks people to clean those rivers once a year. Lily: But it requires much time and money to do so. Are there any better solutions? Mr. Green: 21 . (请回答上句的一般疑问句). We have already used water filters in the community to make the water quality better. Lily: You’ve done a great job to 22 . (请保持上句划线部分的句意基本不变) 【答案】19．Is it a good habit to turn off the tap tightly after washing hands 20．How often does the government ask people to clean those rivers 21．Yes, there are 22．protect water resources 【导语】本文是社区工作人员格林先生和莉莉在谈论水资源保护的对话。 【详解】19．根据“Yes, it is a good habit.”可知，此处应该是一般疑问句，询问“洗手后关紧水龙头是不是一个好习惯”。故填Is it a good habit to turn off the tap tightly after washing hands。 20．根据“In fact, the government asks people to clean those rivers once a year.”可知，此处应该针对“once a year”进行提问，即询问政府要求人们多久清理一次河流。故填How often does the government ask people to clean those rivers。 21．根据“Are there any better solutions?”和“We have already used water filters in the community to make the water quality better.”可知，此处应该对上句的一般疑问句进行肯定回答，表示有更好的办法。故填Yes, there are。 22．根据“make the water quality better”可知，此处应该保持上句划线部分句意基本不变，即表达“保护水资源”的意思。故填protect water resources。 四、阅读理解 (共14分) A. (每题1分，共5分) 下面的材料A-F是六则针对中学生如何处理环保、动物保护与自然灾害的建议。请根据Tom, Lisa, Mike, Anna, Sam五位同学的困惑，为他们匹配合适的建议，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 23 Tom: I want to help the environment, but I don’t know where to start. I feel like my actions won’t make a difference. 24 Lisa: I love animals and want to do something to protect them, but I'm not sure how. 25 Mike: My family uses a lot of electricity at home, and I want to find ways to save energy. 26 Anna: I live in an area where earthquakes sometimes happen, and I want to be ready in case of an emergency. 27 Sam: I want to do something fun and meaningful with my family that also helps the environment. A．Start small by reducing waste at home. For example, use reusable bags instead of plastic ones and recycle paper. Every small action counts! B．Learn about local wildlife. Join a nature club or volunteer for local zoos. Understanding nature helps you protect them better. C． Save energy by turning off lights and electronics when not in use. Encourage your family to use energy-efficient appliances if possible. D．Prepare for natural disasters by creating an emergency tool box with things like water, food, and first aid supplies. Discuss a family plan for emergencies. E. Plant trees or start a small garden at home. Trees help clean the air, and growing your own vegetables reduces the need for transportation and packaging. F. Spread awareness about environmental issues. Share what you’ve learned with friends and classmates at communities. 【答案】23．A 24．B 25．C 26．D 27．E 【导语】本文是针对中学生如何处理环保、动物保护与自然灾害的建议。 23．根据“Tom: I want to help the environment, but I don’t know where to start. I feel like my actions won’t make a difference.”可知，汤姆想要保护环境，但是不知道自己的行为是否有用。选项A“从小事做起，减少家中的浪费。例如，使用可重复使用的袋子代替塑料袋，回收纸张。每一个小行动都很重要！”与之匹配，故选A。 24．根据“Lisa: I love animals and want to do something to protect them, but I'm not sure how.”可知，丽萨喜欢小动物，想要参加能保护小动物的活动。选项B“了解当地的野生动物。加入自然俱乐部或在当地动物园做志愿者。了解自然有助于更好地保护它们。”与之匹配，故选B。 25．根据“Mike: My family uses a lot of electricity at home, and I want to find ways to save energy.”可知，麦克的困惑是，家里人用太多的电，他想要节省能源。选项C“通过关闭不使用的灯和电子设备来节约能源。鼓励家人尽可能使用节能电器。”与之匹配，故选C。 26．根据“Anna: I live in an area where earthquakes sometimes happen, and I want to be ready in case of an emergency.”可知，安娜住在地震频发的地区，她想要学习如何应对紧急情况。选项D“通过创建一个包含水、食物和急救用品的应急工具箱来为自然灾害做准备。讨论家庭应急计划。”与之匹配，故选D。 27．根据“Sam: I want to do something fun and meaningful with my family that also helps the environment.”可知，山姆想要和家人一起做对环境有益且愉快的事情。选项E“在家种树或开始一个小花园。树木有助于清洁空气，自己种植蔬菜减少了运输和包装的需要。”与之匹配，故选E。 B.根据短文内容选择最恰当的答案。 (每题1.5分，共9分) Water pollution is speeding up around the world. We use over 75,000 water-polluting chemicals and make about 1,000 new ones each year. When it rains, water runs over the ground and carries soil, dirt and other harmful stuff to the rivers and lakes. So, anything harmful that we use may finally go into our drinking water. Pollution of drinking water is a problem for half of the world’s population. Among the 250 million people who get sick because of water pollution, 5 to 10 million of them die. In the USA 40% of its rivers and 46% of its lakes are too polluted for fishing or swimming. Each year 1.2 trillion (万亿) gallons of sewage and waste from factories are poured into American rivers and lakes. Asian rivers are the most polluted in the world. They have 20 times more lead (铅) than rivers in developed countries. In 2004, several of China’s major rivers were tested and half of them weren’t suitable for drinking. In Europe, rivers and lakes used for swimming and water sports were also tested between 2004 and 2005. 10% of them were too polluted to be used. Water pollution is not only harmful to people but also to animals. As it is getting more and more serious, nobody on the Earth should still relax and do nothing about it. 28．People use over ________ water-polluting chemicals and make about 1,000 new ones each year. A．750 B．7,500 C．75,000 D．750,000 29．The underlined word “stuff” in the first paragraph probably means “________” in Chinese. A．职员 B．气体 C．暴风雨 D．东西 30．Pollution of ________ made 250 million people get sick and 5 to 10 million of them die. A．drinking water B．land C．noise D．air 31．________ rivers are the most polluted in the world. A．American B．Asian C．African D．European 32．Which of the following sentences is TRUE? A．In the USA over half of its lakes are too polluted for fishing or swimming. B．Asian rivers have 20 times more lead than rivers in developed countries. C．15% of European rivers were too polluted to be used. D．Pollution of drinking water is a problem for all of the world’s population. 33．Which is the best topic sentence for the passage? A．Water is limited (有限的). B．Rivers and lakes in Asia are seriously polluted. C．Water pollution is getting more and more serious. D．There are ways to prevent people polluting water. 【答案】28．C 29．D 30．A 31．B 32．B 33．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了全球水污染的严重性，包括污染物的数量、对人类和动物的影响，以及不同地区水污染的具体情况。 28．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“We use over 75,000 water-polluting chemicals and make about 1,000 new ones each year.”可知，人们使用超过75,000种水污染化学品，并且每年制造大约1,000种新的化学品。故选C。 29．词句猜测题。根据“water-polluting chemicals”可知指的是有害物质，stuff意为“东西”。故选D。 30．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Pollution of drinking water is a problem for half of the world’s population. Among the 250 million people who get sick because of water pollution, 5 to 10 million of them die.”可知，饮用水污染导致2.5亿人生病，其中500万至1000万人死亡。故选A。 31．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Asian rivers are the most polluted in the world.”可知，亚洲的河流是世界上最污染的。故选B。 32．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“They have 20 times more lead (铅) than rivers in developed countries.”可知，亚洲河流的铅含量是发达国家河流的20倍。故选B。 33．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Water pollution is speeding up around the world.”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了全球水污染的严重性，包括污染物的数量、对人类和动物的影响，以及不同地区水污染的具体情况。因此，C选项“水污染越来越严重”是本文的最佳主题句。故选C。 五、完形填空(共9分) Our science teacher, Mr. Chen, often tells us that water is 34 most important resource on Earth. Last month, he informed our whole class 35 the serious water shortages faced by people in some dry areas. The news made everyone think deeply. He then encouraged us 36 a hands-on water-saving project in our school. My friend Lucy and I decided to start by checking all the taps. After a long search, we finally found a tap leaking quietly in a corner of the art room. 37 we reported our discovery to Mr. Chen, he praised us for our carefulness. However, he also reminded us, “We won’t be able to fix this problem 38 the repairman arrives tomorrow with his special tools.” 39 this meaningful experience, I began to pay more attention to the water around me and now understand the importance of every single drop much better than before. 34．A．the B．an C．a D．/ 35．A．for B．with C．of D．to 36．A．start B．starting C．started D．to start 37．A．If B．Until C．When D．Although 38．A．when B．until C．after D．as 39．A．Before B．Behind C．After D．Beside 【答案】34．A 35．C 36．D 37．C 38．B 39．C 【导语】本文讲述科学老师陈先生教导学生水的重要性，并鼓励学生开展节水项目，学生通过实践加深了对水资源保护的理解。 【详解】34．句意：我们的科学老师陈老师经常告诉我们水是地球上最重要的资源。 the这个/那个，定冠词；an一个，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；a一个，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；/不填。根据“most important resource on Earth”可知，此处是“水是地球上最重要的资源”，最高级前用定冠词the修饰，故选A。 35．句意：上个月，他告知了我们全班一些干旱地区的人们所面临的严重缺水问题。 for为了；with和；of……的；to到。根据“he informed our whole class”可知，此处是“告知了我们全班”，inform sb of sth“告知某人某事”，故选C。 36．句意：然后，他鼓励我们在学校开展一个动手节水项目。 start开始，动词原形；starting开始，现在分词；started开始，过去式；to start开始，动词不定式。根据“He then encouraged us”可知，此处是“鼓励我们做某事”，encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，故选D。 37．句意：当我们向陈老师报告我们的发现时，他称赞我们细心。 If如果；Until直到；When当……时候；Although虽然。根据“we reported our discovery to Mr. Chen”可知，此处是“当我们向陈老师报告我们的发现时”，when引导时间状语从句，故选C。 38．句意：要等修理工明天带着他的专用工具过来，我们才能解决这个问题。 when当……时候；until直到；after在……之后；as当……时候。根据“We won’t be able to fix this problem”可知，此处是“要等修理工明天带着他的专用工具过来，我们才能解决这个问题”，not...until...“直到……才……”，故选B。 39．句意：经过这次有意义的经历后，我开始更加关注身边的水，现在比以前更懂得每一滴水的重要性。 Before在……之前；Behind在……后面；After在……之后；Beside在……旁边。根据“this meaningful experience, I began to pay more attention to the water around me”可知，此处是“经过这次有意义的经历后，我开始更加关注身边的水”，after“在……之后”符合，故选C。 六、任务型阅读(共12分) Answer the questions (根据以下内容回答问题) Saving the Well (水井) Once upon a time, in a vast desert, there was a small village that depended on a single well for water. The well was not only a source of life for the villagers but also for the travelers who passed through the desert. One year, a really bad drought hit the village. The plants died, animals moved away, and the well’s water level started to drop. The villagers grew worried, knowing that they needed the well to live. Among them was a young boy named Amir. He noticed that while everyone was worried, very few were taking action to save the precious water. Amir decided to make a difference. He started by using less water for his daily needs and collected rainwater in pots. He also suggested planting drought-resistant (抗旱) plants around the well to keep the soil wet and reduce water evaporation (蒸发). At first, only a few villagers took him seriously, but as the well’s water even got lower, more started to listen. Amir taught the villagers how to create small basins around the plants to catch more rainwater and how to cover the ground with stones and leaves to reduce evaporation. He also organized teams to clean up around the well and dig small channels to direct any rainwater into the well. As the weeks passed, the villagers noticed a change. The water in the well didn’t go down as much, and the plants around it began to grow well. The efforts to save water paid off, and the village was able to make it through the drought. 40．What happened to the village one year? 41．Few villagers took action to save the precious water at the very beginning, did they? 42．What did Amir use to collect rainwater at first? 43．When did the villagers start to take Amir’s suggestions seriously? 44．How did Amir and the villagers direct rainwater into the well? 45．What do you think of Amir? Why? (Give one example) 【答案】40．A really bad drought hit the village. 41．No, they didn’t. 42．Pots. 43．When the well’s water even got lower. 44．By digging small channels. 45．Amir is smart and responsible. For example, he suggested planting drought-resistant plants around the well to keep the soil wet and reduce water evaporation, which helped save water effectively. 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个小村庄依赖一口水井，在遭遇严重干旱时，一个名叫Amir的男孩带领村民采取一系列措施拯救水井、应对干旱的故事。 【详解】40．根据第二段“One year, a really bad drought hit the village.”可知，有一年，一场严重的干旱袭击了这个村庄。故填A really bad drought hit the village. 41．根据第二段“He noticed that while everyone was worried, very few were taking action to save the precious water.”以及第三段“At first, only a few villagers took him seriously”可知，一开始很少有村民采取行动来拯救珍贵的水，对反义疑问句的回答，事实是否定的就用否定回答，故填No, they didn’t. 42．根据第三段“He started by using less water for his daily needs and collected rainwater in pots.”可知，一开始Amir用罐子收集雨水。故填Pots. 43．根据第三段“At first, only a few villagers took him seriously, but as the well’s water even got lower, more started to listen.”可知，当水井的水位变得更低时，村民们开始认真对待Amir的建议。故填When the well’s water even got lower. 44．根据第四段“He also organized teams to clean up around the well and dig small channels to direct any rainwater into the well.”可知，Amir和村民们通过挖小沟渠把雨水引入井里。故填By digging small channels. 45．这是一个开放性问题，答案因人而异。但可以根据文章内容和常识来回答。故填Amir is smart and responsible. For example, he suggested planting drought-resistant plants around the well to keep the soil wet and reduce water evaporation, which helped save water effectively. 七、书面表达(共25分) 46．Write at least 60 words on the topic “The importance of saving water”. (以“节约用水的重要性”为题写一篇不少于60词的短文。) Suggested questions: 1. Why is it important to save water? 2. What problems are caused by water shortage? 3. What can we do to save water at school and at home? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 The importance of saving water Water is very precious on Earth. However, many places are facing serious water shortage. People there have to walk miles to get clean water. Saving water is important because without it, humans, animals and plants cannot survive. At school, we can turn off taps tightly after washing hands. At home, we can reuse water to flush the toilet or water plants. If everyone does a little, we can make a big difference. Let’s start saving water today! 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：说明文，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：节约用水的重要原因、水资源短缺引发的问题、家校两类场景的节水做法 确定人称：第一人称（I/we） 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称，词数不少于60词 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：点明水资源珍贵，点明节水核心必要性，引出缺水现实困境 主体段：先说明缺水带来的生存与生活问题，再分别介绍在校、居家可落地的节水行动 结尾段：发出号召，呼吁人人节水，升华小小行动汇聚巨大改变的主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：节水的重要性：without water, humans, animals and plants can’t survive/water is essential for all living things等 要点二：缺水带来的问题：many places are facing serious water shortage/people there have to walk miles to get clean water/agriculture and daily life will both be severely restricted等 要点三：家校节水措施：turn off taps tightly after washing hands/reuse water to flush the toilet or water plants/collect rainwater to water flowers in the garden instead of using tap water等 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元自测 Unit 1 Water·基础通关 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、试室号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、语法选择(本大题共 10题，每题2分，共20分) 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡将对应选项涂黑。 In a quiet village by a green forest, there 1 a girl called Mia. On a Sunday afternoon, when she was walking in the forest. She heard a sad cry. Then she followed 2 sound and found a baby deer stuck (困住) in a small tree by plastic bags. Its leg was hurt, 3 it looked afraid. Mia got close to the deer slowly and set it free. She knew it needed treatment as 4 as possible, so she ran to 5 animal centre of all. At the centre, the nurse did her best to save the deer. The nurse said to Mia, “Thanks to your timely help, it is now out of danger.” 6 glad Mia was to hear this! Then she decided to do more for animals. She invited her friends 7 up a club for protecting animals. There was 8 rubbish in the forest. To protect animals 9 rubbish, they did every weekend clean-ups in the forest. They also raised money for the animal centre. Now, through the actions of Mia and her friends, the forest 10 much cleaner and animals live more happily. 1．A．is B．are C．was 2．A．a B．the C．an 3．A．and B．but C．or 4．A．quick B．quickly C．quickness 5．A．close B．closer C．the closest 6．A．How B．What C．What a 7．A．set B．to set C．setting 8．A．too many B．too much C．much too 9．A．from B．against C．for 10．A．became B．become C．becomes 二、选词填空(共8分) Choose the proper words or phrases in the box to complete the following passages. Each word or phrase can only be used once. (将下列单词填入空格，每个单词只能填一次) A．frozen  B．freshwater  C． take in  D．pours  E. deserts Earth is a water planet, but most of its H₂O is in the oceans. Only about 2.5 percent of the planet’s water is freshwater. Of that, nearly 70 percent is 11 in glaciers and ice caps (冰川和冰冠). About 30 percent is groundwater. It hides under mountains, plains (平原) and even 12 . Tiny gaps between rocks and soil 13 and hold this water like a sponge (海绵), which is called aquifers (含水层). Groundwater is a key part of Earth’s water cycle. Some groundwater naturally rises and 14 out onto Earth’s surface through springs (泉). In fact, the amount of groundwater we use is 200 times that of oil. A．directly  B．precious  C． rise  D．up  E. chemicals As human-caused climate change dries out parts of the planet, the need for groundwater will 15 . At the same time, climate change may make storms heavier. Heavier rains are more likely to rush 16 into lakes and rivers than flow into soil. So there may be less groundwater to go around. Meanwhile, human activity pollutes groundwater in many places. Some 17 from farming or mining (采矿) flow into these aquifers. Electronic waste has also polluted groundwater. What can be done? We can cut back on pollution and find new ways to purify (净化) groundwater. What else can you think of to help protect this 18 resource? 三、按要求填写句子，补全对话（每题2.5分，共10分） Situation: Mr. Green, a community worker, is talking to Lily about water protection. Lily: Mr. Green, our school teaches us to turn off the tap tightly after washing hands. 19 ? (根据回应，写出一句一般疑问句) Mr. Green: Yes, it is a good habit. If we forget to do that, we’ll waste much clean water. Lily: Besides, I feel quite sad and angry to see factory waste pollutes many rivers. 20 ? (请根据划线部分提问) Mr. Green: In fact, the government asks people to clean those rivers once a year. Lily: But it requires much time and money to do so. Are there any better solutions? Mr. Green: 21 . (请回答上句的一般疑问句). We have already used water filters in the community to make the water quality better. Lily: You’ve done a great job to 22 . (请保持上句划线部分的句意基本不变) 四、阅读理解 (共14分) A. (每题1分，共5分) 下面的材料A-F是六则针对中学生如何处理环保、动物保护与自然灾害的建议。请根据Tom, Lisa, Mike, Anna, Sam五位同学的困惑，为他们匹配合适的建议，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 23 Tom: I want to help the environment, but I don’t know where to start. I feel like my actions won’t make a difference. 24 Lisa: I love animals and want to do something to protect them, but I'm not sure how. 25 Mike: My family uses a lot of electricity at home, and I want to find ways to save energy. 26 Anna: I live in an area where earthquakes sometimes happen, and I want to be ready in case of an emergency. 27 Sam: I want to do something fun and meaningful with my family that also helps the environment. A．Start small by reducing waste at home. For example, use reusable bags instead of plastic ones and recycle paper. Every small action counts! B．Learn about local wildlife. Join a nature club or volunteer for local zoos. Understanding nature helps you protect them better. C． Save energy by turning off lights and electronics when not in use. Encourage your family to use energy-efficient appliances if possible. D．Prepare for natural disasters by creating an emergency tool box with things like water, food, and first aid supplies. Discuss a family plan for emergencies. E. Plant trees or start a small garden at home. Trees help clean the air, and growing your own vegetables reduces the need for transportation and packaging. F. Spread awareness about environmental issues. Share what you’ve learned with friends and classmates at communities. B.根据短文内容选择最恰当的答案。 (每题1.5分，共9分) Water pollution is speeding up around the world. We use over 75,000 water-polluting chemicals and make about 1,000 new ones each year. When it rains, water runs over the ground and carries soil, dirt and other harmful stuff to the rivers and lakes. So, anything harmful that we use may finally go into our drinking water. Pollution of drinking water is a problem for half of the world’s population. Among the 250 million people who get sick because of water pollution, 5 to 10 million of them die. In the USA 40% of its rivers and 46% of its lakes are too polluted for fishing or swimming. Each year 1.2 trillion (万亿) gallons of sewage and waste from factories are poured into American rivers and lakes. Asian rivers are the most polluted in the world. They have 20 times more lead (铅) than rivers in developed countries. In 2004, several of China’s major rivers were tested and half of them weren’t suitable for drinking. In Europe, rivers and lakes used for swimming and water sports were also tested between 2004 and 2005. 10% of them were too polluted to be used. Water pollution is not only harmful to people but also to animals. As it is getting more and more serious, nobody on the Earth should still relax and do nothing about it. 28．People use over ________ water-polluting chemicals and make about 1,000 new ones each year. A．750 B．7,500 C．75,000 D．750,000 29．The underlined word “stuff” in the first paragraph probably means “________” in Chinese. A．职员 B．气体 C．暴风雨 D．东西 30．Pollution of ________ made 250 million people get sick and 5 to 10 million of them die. A．drinking water B．land C．noise D．air 31．________ rivers are the most polluted in the world. A．American B．Asian C．African D．European 32．Which of the following sentences is TRUE? A．In the USA over half of its lakes are too polluted for fishing or swimming. B．Asian rivers have 20 times more lead than rivers in developed countries. C．15% of European rivers were too polluted to be used. D．Pollution of drinking water is a problem for all of the world’s population. 33．Which is the best topic sentence for the passage? A．Water is limited (有限的). B．Rivers and lakes in Asia are seriously polluted. C．Water pollution is getting more and more serious. D．There are ways to prevent people polluting water. 五、完形填空(共9分) Our science teacher, Mr. Chen, often tells us that water is 34 most important resource on Earth. Last month, he informed our whole class 35 the serious water shortages faced by people in some dry areas. The news made everyone think deeply. He then encouraged us 36 a hands-on water-saving project in our school. My friend Lucy and I decided to start by checking all the taps. After a long search, we finally found a tap leaking quietly in a corner of the art room. 37 we reported our discovery to Mr. Chen, he praised us for our carefulness. However, he also reminded us, “We won’t be able to fix this problem 38 the repairman arrives tomorrow with his special tools.” 39 this meaningful experience, I began to pay more attention to the water around me and now understand the importance of every single drop much better than before. 34．A．the B．an C．a D．/ 35．A．for B．with C．of D．to 36．A．start B．starting C．started D．to start 37．A．If B．Until C．When D．Although 38．A．when B．until C．after D．as 39．A．Before B．Behind C．After D．Beside 六、任务型阅读(共12分) Answer the questions (根据以下内容回答问题) Saving the Well (水井) Once upon a time, in a vast desert, there was a small village that depended on a single well for water. The well was not only a source of life for the villagers but also for the travelers who passed through the desert. One year, a really bad drought hit the village. The plants died, animals moved away, and the well’s water level started to drop. The villagers grew worried, knowing that they needed the well to live. Among them was a young boy named Amir. He noticed that while everyone was worried, very few were taking action to save the precious water. Amir decided to make a difference. He started by using less water for his daily needs and collected rainwater in pots. He also suggested planting drought-resistant (抗旱) plants around the well to keep the soil wet and reduce water evaporation (蒸发). At first, only a few villagers took him seriously, but as the well’s water even got lower, more started to listen. Amir taught the villagers how to create small basins around the plants to catch more rainwater and how to cover the ground with stones and leaves to reduce evaporation. He also organized teams to clean up around the well and dig small channels to direct any rainwater into the well. As the weeks passed, the villagers noticed a change. The water in the well didn’t go down as much, and the plants around it began to grow well. The efforts to save water paid off, and the village was able to make it through the drought. 40．What happened to the village one year? 41．Few villagers took action to save the precious water at the very beginning, did they? 42．What did Amir use to collect rainwater at first? 43．When did the villagers start to take Amir’s suggestions seriously? 44．How did Amir and the villagers direct rainwater into the well? 45．What do you think of Amir? Why? (Give one example) 七、书面表达(共25分) 46．Write at least 60 words on the topic “The importance of saving water”. (以“节约用水的重要性”为题写一篇不少于60词的短文。) Suggested questions: 1. Why is it important to save water? 2. What problems are caused by water shortage? 3. What can we do to save water at school and at home? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元自测 Unit 1 Water·基础通关 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．A 12．E 13．C 14．D 15．C 16．A 17．E 18．B 19．Is it a good habit to turn off the tap tightly after washing hands 20．How often does the government ask people to clean those rivers 21．Yes, there are 22．protect water resources 23．A 24．B 25．C 26．D 27．E 28．C 29．D 30．A 31．B 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．C 36．D 37．C 38．B 39．C 40．A really bad drought hit the village. 41．No, they didn’t. 42．Pots. 43．When the well’s water even got lower. 44．By digging small channels. 45．Amir is smart and responsible. For example, he suggested planting drought-resistant plants around the well to keep the soil wet and reduce water evaporation, which helped save water effectively. 46．例文 The importance of saving water Water is very precious on Earth. However, many places are facing serious water shortage. People there have to walk miles to get clean water. Saving water is important because without it, humans, animals and plants cannot survive. At school, we can turn off taps tightly after washing hands. At home, we can reuse water to flush the toilet or water plants. If everyone does a little, we can make a big difference. Let’s start saving water today! 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元自测 Unit 1 Water·基础通关 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、试室号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、语法选择(本大题共 10题，每题2分，共20分) 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡将对应选项涂黑。 In a quiet village by a green forest, there 1 a girl called Mia. On a Sunday afternoon, when she was walking in the forest. She heard a sad cry. Then she followed 2 sound and found a baby deer stuck (困住) in a small tree by plastic bags. Its leg was hurt, 3 it looked afraid. Mia got close to the deer slowly and set it free. She knew it needed treatment as 4 as possible, so she ran to 5 animal centre of all. At the centre, the nurse did her best to save the deer. The nurse said to Mia, “Thanks to your timely help, it is now out of danger.” 6 glad Mia was to hear this! Then she decided to do more for animals. She invited her friends 7 up a club for protecting animals. There was 8 rubbish in the forest. To protect animals 9 rubbish, they did every weekend clean-ups in the forest. They also raised money for the animal centre. Now, through the actions of Mia and her friends, the forest 10 much cleaner and animals live more happily. 1．A．is B．are C．was 2．A．a B．the C．an 3．A．and B．but C．or 4．A．quick B．quickly C．quickness 5．A．close B．closer C．the closest 6．A．How B．What C．What a 7．A．set B．to set C．setting 8．A．too many B．too much C．much too 9．A．from B．against C．for 10．A．became B．become C．becomes 二、选词填空(共8分) Choose the proper words or phrases in the box to complete the following passages. Each word or phrase can only be used once. (将下列单词填入空格，每个单词只能填一次) A．frozen  B．freshwater  C． take in  D．pours  E. deserts Earth is a water planet, but most of its H₂O is in the oceans. Only about 2.5 percent of the planet’s water is freshwater. Of that, nearly 70 percent is 11 in glaciers and ice caps (冰川和冰冠). About 30 percent is groundwater. It hides under mountains, plains (平原) and even 12 . Tiny gaps between rocks and soil 13 and hold this water like a sponge (海绵), which is called aquifers (含水层). Groundwater is a key part of Earth’s water cycle. Some groundwater naturally rises and 14 out onto Earth’s surface through springs (泉). In fact, the amount of groundwater we use is 200 times that of oil. A．directly  B．precious  C． rise  D．up  E. chemicals As human-caused climate change dries out parts of the planet, the need for groundwater will 15 . At the same time, climate change may make storms heavier. Heavier rains are more likely to rush 16 into lakes and rivers than flow into soil. So there may be less groundwater to go around. Meanwhile, human activity pollutes groundwater in many places. Some 17 from farming or mining (采矿) flow into these aquifers. Electronic waste has also polluted groundwater. What can be done? We can cut back on pollution and find new ways to purify (净化) groundwater. What else can you think of to help protect this 18 resource? 三、按要求填写句子，补全对话（每题2.5分，共10分） Situation: Mr. Green, a community worker, is talking to Lily about water protection. Lily: Mr. Green, our school teaches us to turn off the tap tightly after washing hands. 19 ? (根据回应，写出一句一般疑问句) Mr. Green: Yes, it is a good habit. If we forget to do that, we’ll waste much clean water. Lily: Besides, I feel quite sad and angry to see factory waste pollutes many rivers. 20 ? (请根据划线部分提问) Mr. Green: In fact, the government asks people to clean those rivers once a year. Lily: But it requires much time and money to do so. Are there any better solutions? Mr. Green: 21 . (请回答上句的一般疑问句). We have already used water filters in the community to make the water quality better. Lily: You’ve done a great job to 22 . (请保持上句划线部分的句意基本不变) 四、阅读理解 (共14分) A. (每题1分，共5分) 下面的材料A-F是六则针对中学生如何处理环保、动物保护与自然灾害的建议。请根据Tom, Lisa, Mike, Anna, Sam五位同学的困惑，为他们匹配合适的建议，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 23 Tom: I want to help the environment, but I don’t know where to start. I feel like my actions won’t make a difference. 24 Lisa: I love animals and want to do something to protect them, but I'm not sure how. 25 Mike: My family uses a lot of electricity at home, and I want to find ways to save energy. 26 Anna: I live in an area where earthquakes sometimes happen, and I want to be ready in case of an emergency. 27 Sam: I want to do something fun and meaningful with my family that also helps the environment. A．Start small by reducing waste at home. For example, use reusable bags instead of plastic ones and recycle paper. Every small action counts! B．Learn about local wildlife. Join a nature club or volunteer for local zoos. Understanding nature helps you protect them better. C． Save energy by turning off lights and electronics when not in use. Encourage your family to use energy-efficient appliances if possible. D．Prepare for natural disasters by creating an emergency tool box with things like water, food, and first aid supplies. Discuss a family plan for emergencies. E. Plant trees or start a small garden at home. Trees help clean the air, and growing your own vegetables reduces the need for transportation and packaging. F. Spread awareness about environmental issues. Share what you’ve learned with friends and classmates at communities. B.根据短文内容选择最恰当的答案。 (每题1.5分，共9分) Water pollution is speeding up around the world. We use over 75,000 water-polluting chemicals and make about 1,000 new ones each year. When it rains, water runs over the ground and carries soil, dirt and other harmful stuff to the rivers and lakes. So, anything harmful that we use may finally go into our drinking water. Pollution of drinking water is a problem for half of the world’s population. Among the 250 million people who get sick because of water pollution, 5 to 10 million of them die. In the USA 40% of its rivers and 46% of its lakes are too polluted for fishing or swimming. Each year 1.2 trillion (万亿) gallons of sewage and waste from factories are poured into American rivers and lakes. Asian rivers are the most polluted in the world. They have 20 times more lead (铅) than rivers in developed countries. In 2004, several of China’s major rivers were tested and half of them weren’t suitable for drinking. In Europe, rivers and lakes used for swimming and water sports were also tested between 2004 and 2005. 10% of them were too polluted to be used. Water pollution is not only harmful to people but also to animals. As it is getting more and more serious, nobody on the Earth should still relax and do nothing about it. 28．People use over ________ water-polluting chemicals and make about 1,000 new ones each year. A．750 B．7,500 C．75,000 D．750,000 29．The underlined word “stuff” in the first paragraph probably means “________” in Chinese. A．职员 B．气体 C．暴风雨 D．东西 30．Pollution of ________ made 250 million people get sick and 5 to 10 million of them die. A．drinking water B．land C．noise D．air 31．________ rivers are the most polluted in the world. A．American B．Asian C．African D．European 32．Which of the following sentences is TRUE? A．In the USA over half of its lakes are too polluted for fishing or swimming. B．Asian rivers have 20 times more lead than rivers in developed countries. C．15% of European rivers were too polluted to be used. D．Pollution of drinking water is a problem for all of the world’s population. 33．Which is the best topic sentence for the passage? A．Water is limited (有限的). B．Rivers and lakes in Asia are seriously polluted. C．Water pollution is getting more and more serious. D．There are ways to prevent people polluting water. 五、完形填空(共9分) Our science teacher, Mr. Chen, often tells us that water is 34 most important resource on Earth. Last month, he informed our whole class 35 the serious water shortages faced by people in some dry areas. The news made everyone think deeply. He then encouraged us 36 a hands-on water-saving project in our school. My friend Lucy and I decided to start by checking all the taps. After a long search, we finally found a tap leaking quietly in a corner of the art room. 37 we reported our discovery to Mr. Chen, he praised us for our carefulness. However, he also reminded us, “We won’t be able to fix this problem 38 the repairman arrives tomorrow with his special tools.” 39 this meaningful experience, I began to pay more attention to the water around me and now understand the importance of every single drop much better than before. 34．A．the B．an C．a D．/ 35．A．for B．with C．of D．to 36．A．start B．starting C．started D．to start 37．A．If B．Until C．When D．Although 38．A．when B．until C．after D．as 39．A．Before B．Behind C．After D．Beside 六、任务型阅读(共12分) Answer the questions (根据以下内容回答问题) Saving the Well (水井) Once upon a time, in a vast desert, there was a small village that depended on a single well for water. The well was not only a source of life for the villagers but also for the travelers who passed through the desert. One year, a really bad drought hit the village. The plants died, animals moved away, and the well’s water level started to drop. The villagers grew worried, knowing that they needed the well to live. Among them was a young boy named Amir. He noticed that while everyone was worried, very few were taking action to save the precious water. Amir decided to make a difference. He started by using less water for his daily needs and collected rainwater in pots. He also suggested planting drought-resistant (抗旱) plants around the well to keep the soil wet and reduce water evaporation (蒸发). At first, only a few villagers took him seriously, but as the well’s water even got lower, more started to listen. Amir taught the villagers how to create small basins around the plants to catch more rainwater and how to cover the ground with stones and leaves to reduce evaporation. He also organized teams to clean up around the well and dig small channels to direct any rainwater into the well. As the weeks passed, the villagers noticed a change. The water in the well didn’t go down as much, and the plants around it began to grow well. The efforts to save water paid off, and the village was able to make it through the drought. 40．What happened to the village one year? 41．Few villagers took action to save the precious water at the very beginning, did they? 42．What did Amir use to collect rainwater at first? 43．When did the villagers start to take Amir’s suggestions seriously? 44．How did Amir and the villagers direct rainwater into the well? 45．What do you think of Amir? Why? (Give one example) 七、书面表达(共25分) 46．Write at least 60 words on the topic “The importance of saving water”. (以“节约用水的重要性”为题写一篇不少于60词的短文。) Suggested questions: 1. Why is it important to save water? 2. What problems are caused by water shortage? 3. What can we do to save water at school and at home? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $