Unit 1 Water（单元分层自测·能力提升卷）英语新教材沪教版（五四学制）八年级上册

………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元自测 Unit 1 Water·能力提升 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、试室号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、语法选择(本大题共 10题，每题2分，共20分) 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡将对应选项涂黑。 When we think about water use, we usually focus on the direct ways we use water, such as drinking or bathing. However, there is a large amount of indirect water use that often goes unnoticed. Indirect water use refers to the water 1 in the production of goods and 2 that we use every day. For example, consider the production of a hamburger. The cow that provides the meat drinks a large amount of water 3 its life. What’s more, water is used 4 the crops that feed the cow. Then, in the factory, water is needed to process the meat, make the bun, and 5 the packaging. All these steps 6 indirect water use connected with a single hamburger. Similarly, making a cotton T-shirt needs a complex process. 7 also requires a large amount of water. Water is used to irrigate the cotton fields, process the raw cotton into fabric in factories, and dye and finish the fabric. Research has shown that the indirect water use for many products is much 8 than the direct water use. Understanding this idea 9 us realise the true value of every drop of water. We should make more conscious choices 10 purchasing products, choosing those from companies that are energy-saving and careful with water use. By doing so, we can play a part in conserving our limited water resources and ensuring a sustainable future. 1．A．consumed B．to consume C．consuming 2．A．serving B．services C．serve 3．A．at B．to C．throughout 4．A．to grow B．to growing C．grow 5．A．produce B．producing C．production 6．A．will need B．needs C．need 7．A．It B．That C．Those 8．A．great B．greater C．greatest 9．A．helps B．helped C．help 10．A．when B．until C．after 二、选词填空(共8分) 将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。 A．protect      B．ways      C． experienced D．change      E. produced Water is very important for life, yet many countries are facing serious water problems. Governments and people must work together to 11 this valuable resource. Different countries have found special 12 to save water. Israel, for example, is a country with limited natural water resources. About 90 percent of its used water is cleaned and reused for farming. Australians have 13 terrible droughts (旱灾), so now they use special tanks to collect rainwater for daily use. Meanwhile, Singapore has developed technology to 14 seawater into drinking water, reducing its need to buy water from other countries. A．careful      B．quickly      C． enough   D．matters      E. hardly Even small daily habits can make a big difference. For example, turning off the tap while brushing your teeth can save up to six liters of water per minute. Fixing broken pipes 15 stops unnecessary water waste. Some cities, like Tokyo, have reduced water loss by replacing old pipes and encouraging the use of water-saving devices. However, in some places, water is still wasted because people are not 16 or because the water systems are too old. Education plays an important role in changing people’s attitudes towards water use. If everyone takes action, we can make sure that future generations will have 17 water to live well. Saving water isn’t just one country’s problem—it’s something the whole world must care about. Every drop counts, and every effort 18 ! 三、按要求填写句子，补全对话（每题2分，共10分） Situation: A school reporter is interviewing Ms. Chen, a environmental scientist. They are talking about how teenagers can help protect the ocean. Reporter: Good afternoon, Ms. Chen. Thank you for joining us today. Many young people want to help protect the ocean but don’t know where to start. 19 (就方式方法提问) help save the ocean? Ms. Chen: Great question. The simplest way is to reduce plastic use. For example, always bring your own water bottle instead of buying plastic ones. Reporter: I see. 20 (写出恰当的一般疑问句) when they go to the beach? Ms. Chen: Yes, they should always clean up by themselves. Whatever they bring to the beach, they should take back home. Never leave trash behind. Reporter: Some teenagers love eating seafood. 21 (用why提问) choose sustainable seafood? Ms. Chen: Because that fish populations don’t disappear. Overfishing is a serious problem. When buying seafood, look for labels that say it’s sustainably caught. Reporter: So every small action matters, 22 (写出附加问句)? Ms. Chen: Exactly. When millions of people make small changes, the results can be huge. Reporter: At the end of today’s interview, could you give one final piece of advice? 23 (对选择疑问句做出回答) going to the beach or staying at home? Ms. Chen: I’d say going to the beach is better because you can see the beauty you’re protecting. But whether you’re at the beach or at home, always ask yourself: “Is my action helping or hurting the ocean?” Reporter: That’s very wise advice. Thank you, Ms. Chen. 四、阅读理解 (共14分) A. (每题1分，共5分) 下面的材料A—F分别介绍了六种环保或应急方式，请根据 Tom, Lisa, Mike, Anna, Sam的需求为他们匹配最合适的方式，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 24 Tom: I want to help the environment, but I don’t know where to start. I feel like my actions won’t make a difference. 25 Lisa: I love animals and want to do something to protect them, but I’m not sure how. 26 Mike: My family uses a lot of electricity at home, and I want to find ways to save energy. 27 Anna: I live in an area where earthquakes sometimes happen, and I want to be ready in case of an emergency. 28 Sam: I want to do something fun and meaningful with my family that also helps the environment. A．Save energy by turning off lights and electronics when not in use. Encourage your family to use energy-efficient appliances if possible. B．Prepare for natural disasters by creating an emergency tool box with things like water, food, and first aid supplies. Discuss a family plan for emergencies. C． Spread awareness about environmental issues. Share what you’ve learned with friends and classmates in communities. D．Start small by reducing waste at home. For example, use reusable bags instead of plastic ones and recycle paper. Every small action counts! E. Plant trees or start a small garden at home. Trees help clean the air, and growing your own vegetables reduces the need for transportation and packaging. F. Learn about local wildlife. Join a nature club or volunteer for local zoos. Understanding nature helps you protect it better. B.根据短文内容选择最恰当的答案。 (每题1.5分，共9分) Researchers said they had found out that there was once an ancient fresh water lake on Mars that might have been able to support life. A team of researchers from the US Curiosity Rover Mission, analyzed (分析) some mudstone and fine-grained sediment (细粒沉积物) which can tell us that there was at least one lake around 3.6 billion years ago. The team said their analysis showed that the lake was calm and likely had fresh water, including key biological elements, such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur (硫磺). Theoretically, such a lake would provide perfect conditions for simple living things. The findings were published in the US Journal Science and presented at the American Geophysical Union’s fall meeting in San Francisco. “It is important to note that we have not found signs of ancient life on Mars. What we have found is that there once existed a lake on its surface which might make it possible for some simple living things to live billions of years ago,” Professor Sanjeev Gupta said in a statement. Gupta described the new research as “a huge positive step” for the exploration of Mars. In previous studies, scientists found evidence of water on Mars’ surface in other rocks. However, the new research provides the strongest evidence yet that Mars could have been habitable enough for life to continue. 29．Researchers have found evidence that an ancient fresh water lake probably existed on ________. A．the Earth B．Venus C．Mars D．the Moon 30．The following biological elements EXCEPT ________ have been found on Mars according to the analysis. A．oxygen B．nitrogen C．hydrogen D．carbon dioxide 31．The underlined word “habitable” in the last paragraph probably means “________” in Chinese. A．可居住的 B．无法生存的 C．习惯的 D．不可能的 32．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The researchers thought it impossible for a fresh water lake to exist on Mars. B．Gupta thought of the new research as “a huge positive step” for the exploration of Mars. C．Researchers have taken great efforts to find signs of ancient life on Mars. D．The findings about the fresh water lake haven’t been published in the US Journal Science. 33．On which column of a book can you find this passage? A．Science. B．Travelling. C．Life. D．Education. 34．What is the passage mainly about? A．How did the fresh water lake disappear on Mars? B．Ancient life signs found on Mars. C．An ancient fresh water lake on Mars. D．The importance of water. 五、完形填空(共9分) The Role of the Water Cycle in the Ecosystem (生态系统) The water cycle is a key part of Earth’s ecosystem. It keeps water moving between the sky, land and oceans, which is necessary for all living things— 35 plants, animals and humans. First, it provides fresh water. When water evaporates from oceans and lakes, it forms clouds. Later, it falls to the ground as rain or snow. A 36 thing is that this process not only fills rivers and lakes but also helps plants grow better. If there were no such process, the 37 would be that many living things would lose their water source. Second, it helps control the climate. Evaporation takes heat from the Earth, making places cooler. When it rains, heat is released, which changes the weather of different areas. Third, it supports ecosystems. As water flows through rivers, it carries nutrients to soil, helping plants grow. These plants then give animals food and homes to live in. What’s more, the clean water from the water cycle can also prevent some harmful 38 from spreading easily. Finally, it cleans water naturally. When water seeps into the ground, soil filters out dirt. This makes groundwater clean and safe for us to drink. We must protect the water cycle. Pollution can 39 it, harming nature and humans. By saving water and reducing pollution, we keep the water cycle steady. Besides, the water cycle also affects our daily life in many ways. For example, it provides water for farming. Without it, crops would not grow well, and that would 40 food shortages. Choose the best answer for each blank. 35．A．except B．including C．without D．about 36．A．dangerous B．boring C．surprising D．hard 37．A．result B．reason C．question D．answer 38．A．flowers B．viruses C．plants D．animals 39．A．ruin B．improve C．help D．protect 40．A．look for B．take away C．put on D．lead to 六、任务型阅读(共12分) Glaciers (冰川) are large blocks of snow and ice that move slowly down valleys. They look beautiful. Have you ever seen one with your own eyes? Sadly, many glaciers are now getting smaller because of global warming. The European Environmental Agency (欧洲环境署) says glaciers in the Alps (阿尔卑斯山脉) have lost about half of their amount since 1900. The melting has gotten faster since 1980. The agency adds that by 2100, up to 89 percent of European glaciers could have melted. For American photographer and pilot Garrett Fisher, this means that he is in a race against time. Not too long ago, he flew close to Europe’s largest glacier which is in Norway. The 41-year-old is trying to photograph every glacier on the face of the planet. He wants to show people the beauty of glaciers before some of them are gone. Fisher became interested in flying and photography at an early age. In the late 1990s, a friend told Fisher that the world’s glaciers were disappearing. This pushed him to combine his two favorite hobbies. The man decided to fly over the Earth’s remaining glaciers and photograph them. He made it his life’s work. Fisher flies a small plane. It seems like a toy against the huge glaciers. The task requires a lot of skill and time. “The weather is cold and is often terrible; the winds are very strong,” says Fisher. “To photograph glaciers, I must get very close to their surfaces. Many people tell me that I’m crazy.” Some people ask Fisher if it is necessary to risk his life flying over glaciers. After all, these days, satellites are able to give us pictures of all the glaciers. Fisher explains that pictures from satellites cannot show the beauty of glaciers the way his photos can. His photos show the colors and shapes of glaciers, as well as the shadows as the sunlight hits them. Fisher hopes his photos will make people care more about glaciers. He wants them to push governments to act against global warming. “We can live without them. We will live without them,” Fisher adds. “However, it hurts us to lose them.” 41．According to the article, where is Europe’s largest glacier located? 42．When did Garrett Fisher first learn about the disappearance of glaciers? 43．Why is Fisher “in a race against time (underlined in paragraph 3)”? 44．According to Fisher, what is the difference between his glacier pictures and those from satellites? 45．What does Fisher hope people will do after seeing his glacier pictures? 46．If you were one of Fisher’s close friends, what would you say to him? Write at least two sentences. 七、书面表达(共25分) 47．假如你是中学生李华，近期你发现校园中存在浪费水资源的现象，你作为本校“环保社团”社长，将用英语向全校同学演讲，号召同学们节约用水。请你以“Saving water at school”为题，帮助李华撰写一篇不少于60词的演讲稿。 内容包含： 1、水资源短缺的现状； 2、校园中浪费水资源的不恰当行为及相应的改进措施； 3、呼吁全体同学共同参与，节约用水。 You can start like this: Good morning, my schoolmates. I’m Li Hua, head of the Eco Club. Today I want to talk about ... 注意： 1.不得出现真实姓名、校名等个人信息，否则不予评分。 2. 照抄阅读语篇不予以评分。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元自测 Unit 1 Water·能力提升 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、试室号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、语法选择(本大题共 10题，每题2分，共20分) 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡将对应选项涂黑。 When we think about water use, we usually focus on the direct ways we use water, such as drinking or bathing. However, there is a large amount of indirect water use that often goes unnoticed. Indirect water use refers to the water 1 in the production of goods and 2 that we use every day. For example, consider the production of a hamburger. The cow that provides the meat drinks a large amount of water 3 its life. What’s more, water is used 4 the crops that feed the cow. Then, in the factory, water is needed to process the meat, make the bun, and 5 the packaging. All these steps 6 indirect water use connected with a single hamburger. Similarly, making a cotton T-shirt needs a complex process. 7 also requires a large amount of water. Water is used to irrigate the cotton fields, process the raw cotton into fabric in factories, and dye and finish the fabric. Research has shown that the indirect water use for many products is much 8 than the direct water use. Understanding this idea 9 us realise the true value of every drop of water. We should make more conscious choices 10 purchasing products, choosing those from companies that are energy-saving and careful with water use. By doing so, we can play a part in conserving our limited water resources and ensuring a sustainable future. 1．A．consumed B．to consume C．consuming 2．A．serving B．services C．serve 3．A．at B．to C．throughout 4．A．to grow B．to growing C．grow 5．A．produce B．producing C．production 6．A．will need B．needs C．need 7．A．It B．That C．Those 8．A．great B．greater C．greatest 9．A．helps B．helped C．help 10．A．when B．until C．after 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了间接用水，指在生产我们每天使用的商品和服务过程中消耗的水。研究表明许多产品的间接用水远高于直接用水，了解这一概念有助于我们认识到每一滴水的真正价值。我们应该在购买产品时做出更有意识的选择，选择那些节能和节约用水的公司的产品。 【详解】1．句意：间接用水是指在我们每天使用的商品和服务的生产过程中消耗的水。 consumed消耗，过去分词；to consume消耗，不定式；consuming消耗，现在分词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰water，且water和consume之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，表示“被消耗的水”。故选A。 2．句意：间接用水是指在我们每天使用的商品和服务的生产过程中消耗的水。 serving服务，现在分词；services服务，名词复数；serve服务，动词原形。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，and连接两个并列的名词，goods为名词复数，此处也应用名词复数。故选B。 3．句意：提供肉类的牛一生中都要喝大量的水。 at在；to到；throughout贯穿，自始至终。根据“its life”可知，此处指一生中，应用throughout。故选C。 4．句意：更重要的是，水被用来种植喂养牛的庄稼。 to grow种植，不定式；to growing种植，当to为介词时，加动名词；grow种植，动词原形。根据“be used to do sth.”意为“被用来做某事”，可知此处应用不定式。故选A。 5．句意：然后，在工厂里，加工肉类、制作面包和制作包装都需要水。 produce制作，动词原形；producing制作，现在分词；production制作，名词。根据“and”连接两个并列的动词，此处应用动词原形。故选A。 6．句意：所有这些步骤都需要与单个汉堡相关的间接用水。 will need需要，一般将来时；needs需要，一般现在时第三人称单数；need需要，动词原形。根据语境可知，此处指客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为复数，应用动词原形。故选C。 7．句意：它也需要大量的水。 It它；That那个；Those那些。根据上文“Similarly, making a cotton T-shirt needs a complex process.”可知，此处指制作棉T恤这件事，应用it指代。故选A。 8．句意：研究表明，许多产品的间接用水远高于直接用水。 great大的；greater更大的；greatest最大的。根据“than”可知，此处应用比较级。故选B。 9．句意：了解这个想法有助于我们认识到每一滴水的真正价值。 helps帮助，一般现在时第三人称单数；helped帮助，一般过去时；help帮助，动词原形。根据语境可知，此处指客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语，应用第三人称单数。故选A。 10．句意：当购买产品时，我们应该做出更有意识的选择，选择那些来自节能和节约用水的公司的产品。 when当……时；until直到；after在……之后。根据“purchasing products”可知，此处指购买产品时，应用when。故选A。 二、选词填空(共8分) 将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。 A．protect      B．ways      C． experienced D．change      E. produced Water is very important for life, yet many countries are facing serious water problems. Governments and people must work together to 11 this valuable resource. Different countries have found special 12 to save water. Israel, for example, is a country with limited natural water resources. About 90 percent of its used water is cleaned and reused for farming. Australians have 13 terrible droughts (旱灾), so now they use special tanks to collect rainwater for daily use. Meanwhile, Singapore has developed technology to 14 seawater into drinking water, reducing its need to buy water from other countries. A．careful      B．quickly      C． enough   D．matters      E. hardly Even small daily habits can make a big difference. For example, turning off the tap while brushing your teeth can save up to six liters of water per minute. Fixing broken pipes 15 stops unnecessary water waste. Some cities, like Tokyo, have reduced water loss by replacing old pipes and encouraging the use of water-saving devices. However, in some places, water is still wasted because people are not 16 or because the water systems are too old. Education plays an important role in changing people’s attitudes towards water use. If everyone takes action, we can make sure that future generations will have 17 water to live well. Saving water isn’t just one country’s problem—it’s something the whole world must care about. Every drop counts, and every effort 18 ! 【答案】11．A 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．B 16．A 17．C 18．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了水对生命的重要性，然而许多国家正面临严重的水资源问题。政府和人民必须共同努力来保护这一宝贵资源。不同国家已经找到了节约用水的特殊方法。 【详解】11．句意：政府和人民必须共同努力保护这一宝贵的资源。根据“this valuable resource”及所给单词可知，此处是指保护水资源，用动词protect“保护”，空前有不定式符号to，动词用原形。故选A。 12．句意：不同的国家找到了特殊的节水方法。根据“special...to save water”及所给单词可知，此处是指特殊的方法，ways“方法”，此处用复数形式。故选B。 13．句意：澳大利亚人经历过可怕的旱灾，所以现在他们用特殊的水箱收集雨水供日常使用。根据“terrible droughts”及所给单词可知，此处是指经历过旱灾，用动词experienced“经历”，此处用过去分词与have构成现在完成时。故选C。 14．句意：与此同时，新加坡已经开发出将海水变成饮用水的技术，减少了对其他国家购买水的需求。根据“seawater into drinking water”及所给单词可知，此处是指把海水变成饮用水，用动词change“改变”，空前有不定式符号to，动词用原形。故选D。 15．句意：修理破损的水管能迅速阻止不必要的水资源浪费。根据“Fixing broken pipes...stops unnecessary water waste.”及所给单词可知，此处是指迅速阻止浪费水，用副词quickly“快速地”修饰动词stops。故选B。 16．句意：然而，在一些地方，水仍然被浪费，因为人们不够小心，或者因为供水系统太旧了。根据“water is still wasted”及所给单词可知，此处是指不够小心，用形容词careful“小心的”作表语。故选A。 17．句意：如果每个人都采取行动，我们可以确保子孙后代有足够的水过上好日子。根据“live well”及所给单词可知，此处是指有足够的水，用形容词enough“足够的”修饰名词water。故选C。 18．句意：每一滴都很重要，每一份努力都很重要！根据“Every effort”及所给单词可知，此处是指努力很重要，用动词matters“重要”，主语是every effort，动词用三单形式。故选D。 三、按要求填写句子，补全对话（每题2分，共10分） Situation: A school reporter is interviewing Ms. Chen, a environmental scientist. They are talking about how teenagers can help protect the ocean. Reporter: Good afternoon, Ms. Chen. Thank you for joining us today. Many young people want to help protect the ocean but don’t know where to start. 19 (就方式方法提问) help save the ocean? Ms. Chen: Great question. The simplest way is to reduce plastic use. For example, always bring your own water bottle instead of buying plastic ones. Reporter: I see. 20 (写出恰当的一般疑问句) when they go to the beach? Ms. Chen: Yes, they should always clean up by themselves. Whatever they bring to the beach, they should take back home. Never leave trash behind. Reporter: Some teenagers love eating seafood. 21 (用why提问) choose sustainable seafood? Ms. Chen: Because that fish populations don’t disappear. Overfishing is a serious problem. When buying seafood, look for labels that say it’s sustainably caught. Reporter: So every small action matters, 22 (写出附加问句)? Ms. Chen: Exactly. When millions of people make small changes, the results can be huge. Reporter: At the end of today’s interview, could you give one final piece of advice? 23 (对选择疑问句做出回答) going to the beach or staying at home? Ms. Chen: I’d say going to the beach is better because you can see the beauty you’re protecting. But whether you’re at the beach or at home, always ask yourself: “Is my action helping or hurting the ocean?” Reporter: That’s very wise advice. Thank you, Ms. Chen. 【答案】19．How can we / What can we do to 20．Should people clean up by themselves 21．Why should we / Why do we need to 22．doesn’t it 23．Do you prefer 【导语】本文是校园记者采访环境专家陈女士的情景对话，围绕青少年保护海洋的可行办法展开，介绍减少塑料、清理海滩、选择可持续海鲜等护海方式，呼吁大家从小事做起守护海洋。 【详解】19．根据括号内提示“就方式方法提问”，应使用疑问词How。上文提到“Many young people…but don’t know where to start.”，很多青少年想保护海洋却无从下手，结合语境此处应表达“我们可以做些什么来拯救海洋？”。故填How can we/What can we do to。 20．根据括号内提示“写出恰当的一般疑问句”及下文回答“Yes, they should…”，可知问句应由Should引导。结合语境“去海滩时”，填入“Should people clean up by themselves”构成完整的一般疑问句。 21．根据括号内提示“用why提问”，需用疑问词Why。上下文是建议青少年保护海洋，情态动词should符合建议的语气，且下文回答以Because开头，故填“Why should we/ Why do we need to”。 22．根据括号内提示“写出附加问句”。陈述部分“every small action matters”为肯定句，主语action是单数，谓语matters是实义动词第三人称单数，故附加问句需用否定形式 doesn’t it。 23．根据括号内提示“对选择疑问句做出回答”，结合下文回答“I’d say going to the beach is better”，此处应询问偏好，填“Do you prefer”构成选择疑问句“Do you prefer going to the beach or staying at home?”。 四、阅读理解 (共14分) A. (每题1分，共5分) 下面的材料A—F分别介绍了六种环保或应急方式，请根据 Tom, Lisa, Mike, Anna, Sam的需求为他们匹配最合适的方式，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 24 Tom: I want to help the environment, but I don’t know where to start. I feel like my actions won’t make a difference. 25 Lisa: I love animals and want to do something to protect them, but I’m not sure how. 26 Mike: My family uses a lot of electricity at home, and I want to find ways to save energy. 27 Anna: I live in an area where earthquakes sometimes happen, and I want to be ready in case of an emergency. 28 Sam: I want to do something fun and meaningful with my family that also helps the environment. A．Save energy by turning off lights and electronics when not in use. Encourage your family to use energy-efficient appliances if possible. B．Prepare for natural disasters by creating an emergency tool box with things like water, food, and first aid supplies. Discuss a family plan for emergencies. C． Spread awareness about environmental issues. Share what you’ve learned with friends and classmates in communities. D．Start small by reducing waste at home. For example, use reusable bags instead of plastic ones and recycle paper. Every small action counts! E. Plant trees or start a small garden at home. Trees help clean the air, and growing your own vegetables reduces the need for transportation and packaging. F. Learn about local wildlife. Join a nature club or volunteer for local zoos. Understanding nature helps you protect it better. 【答案】24．D 25．F 26．A 27．B 28．E 【导语】本文介绍了Tom、Lisa、Mike、Anna、Sam五人的需求及六种环保/应急相关方式，需根据需求匹配最合适的方式。 【详解】24．根据“Tom: I want to help the environment, but I don’t know where to start. I feel like my actions won’t make a difference.”可知，他需要简单易操作、能体现 “小行动有价值” 的环保方式。选项D “从减少家庭垃圾这样的小事做起就好。比如用环保袋代替塑料袋，还有回收纸张，每一个微小的行动都有意义！” 与Tom的需求匹配。故选D。 25．根据“Lisa: I love animals and want to do something to protect them, but I’m not sure how.” 可知，她需要能直接关联 “保护动物” 的具体方式。选项F“了解当地的野生动物吧！加入自然俱乐部，或是去本地动物园做志愿者。读懂自然，才能更好地守护它。” 符合Lisa的需求。故选F。 26．根据“Mike: My family uses a lot of electricity at home, and I want to find ways to save energy.”可知，他需要针对性的“节约用电”方式。选项A“不用的时候关掉电灯和电子设备就能节约能源。如果条件允许，鼓励家人使用节能电器。” 与Mike的需求完全匹配。故选A。 27．根据“Anna: I live in an area where earthquakes sometimes happen, and I want to be ready in case of an emergency.”可知，她需要应对自然灾害的应急准备方式。选项B“为应对自然灾害做好准备，可准备一个应急工具箱，放入水、食物和急救用品等物资。同时和家人商量好应急方案。”符合Anna 应对地震等紧急情况的需求。故选B。 28．根据“Sam: I want to do something fun and meaningful with my family that also helps the environment.”可知，他需要适合家庭参与、兼具趣味性和环保性的活动。选项E“在家种树或者开辟一个小花园就好。树木能帮助净化空气，自己种蔬菜还能减少运输和包装的需求。” 满足Sam的需求。故选E。 B.根据短文内容选择最恰当的答案。 (每题1.5分，共9分) Researchers said they had found out that there was once an ancient fresh water lake on Mars that might have been able to support life. A team of researchers from the US Curiosity Rover Mission, analyzed (分析) some mudstone and fine-grained sediment (细粒沉积物) which can tell us that there was at least one lake around 3.6 billion years ago. The team said their analysis showed that the lake was calm and likely had fresh water, including key biological elements, such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur (硫磺). Theoretically, such a lake would provide perfect conditions for simple living things. The findings were published in the US Journal Science and presented at the American Geophysical Union’s fall meeting in San Francisco. “It is important to note that we have not found signs of ancient life on Mars. What we have found is that there once existed a lake on its surface which might make it possible for some simple living things to live billions of years ago,” Professor Sanjeev Gupta said in a statement. Gupta described the new research as “a huge positive step” for the exploration of Mars. In previous studies, scientists found evidence of water on Mars’ surface in other rocks. However, the new research provides the strongest evidence yet that Mars could have been habitable enough for life to continue. 29．Researchers have found evidence that an ancient fresh water lake probably existed on ________. A．the Earth B．Venus C．Mars D．the Moon 30．The following biological elements EXCEPT ________ have been found on Mars according to the analysis. A．oxygen B．nitrogen C．hydrogen D．carbon dioxide 31．The underlined word “habitable” in the last paragraph probably means “________” in Chinese. A．可居住的 B．无法生存的 C．习惯的 D．不可能的 32．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The researchers thought it impossible for a fresh water lake to exist on Mars. B．Gupta thought of the new research as “a huge positive step” for the exploration of Mars. C．Researchers have taken great efforts to find signs of ancient life on Mars. D．The findings about the fresh water lake haven’t been published in the US Journal Science. 33．On which column of a book can you find this passage? A．Science. B．Travelling. C．Life. D．Education. 34．What is the passage mainly about? A．How did the fresh water lake disappear on Mars? B．Ancient life signs found on Mars. C．An ancient fresh water lake on Mars. D．The importance of water. 【答案】29．C 30．D 31．A 32．B 33．A 34．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了火星上古老的淡水湖。 29．细节理解题。根据“Researchers said they had found out that there was once an ancient fresh water lake on Mars that might have been able to support life.”可知，研究人员发现了火星上可能存在一个古老淡水湖的证据。故选C。 30．细节理解题。根据“including key biological elements, such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur (硫磺).”包括关键的生物元素，如碳、氢、氧、氮和硫。可知，在火星上发现了除二氧化碳以外的以下生物元素。故选D。 31．词义猜测题。根据“However, the new research provides the strongest evidence yet that Mars could have been habitable enough for life to continue.”可知，研究提供的有力证据证明了火星可以居住，并足以让生命延续下去，所以划线单词habitable可能是“可居住的”的意思。故选A。 32．细节理解题。根据“Gupta described the new research as ‘a huge positive step’ for the exploration of Mars.”可知，古普塔认为这项新研究是探索火星的“一个巨大的积极步骤”。故选B。 33．推理判断题。根据“Researchers said they had found out that there was once an ancient fresh water lake on Mars that might have been able to support life.”及下文的介绍可知，本文介绍了一项新的研究，因此可能出现在科学杂志上。故选A。 34．主旨大意题。根据“Researchers said they had found out that there was once an ancient fresh water lake on Mars that might have been able to support life.”可知，本文介绍了火星上有一个古老的淡水湖。故选C。 五、完形填空(共9分) The Role of the Water Cycle in the Ecosystem (生态系统) The water cycle is a key part of Earth’s ecosystem. It keeps water moving between the sky, land and oceans, which is necessary for all living things— 35 plants, animals and humans. First, it provides fresh water. When water evaporates from oceans and lakes, it forms clouds. Later, it falls to the ground as rain or snow. A 36 thing is that this process not only fills rivers and lakes but also helps plants grow better. If there were no such process, the 37 would be that many living things would lose their water source. Second, it helps control the climate. Evaporation takes heat from the Earth, making places cooler. When it rains, heat is released, which changes the weather of different areas. Third, it supports ecosystems. As water flows through rivers, it carries nutrients to soil, helping plants grow. These plants then give animals food and homes to live in. What’s more, the clean water from the water cycle can also prevent some harmful 38 from spreading easily. Finally, it cleans water naturally. When water seeps into the ground, soil filters out dirt. This makes groundwater clean and safe for us to drink. We must protect the water cycle. Pollution can 39 it, harming nature and humans. By saving water and reducing pollution, we keep the water cycle steady. Besides, the water cycle also affects our daily life in many ways. For example, it provides water for farming. Without it, crops would not grow well, and that would 40 food shortages. Choose the best answer for each blank. 35．A．except B．including C．without D．about 36．A．dangerous B．boring C．surprising D．hard 37．A．result B．reason C．question D．answer 38．A．flowers B．viruses C．plants D．animals 39．A．ruin B．improve C．help D．protect 40．A．look for B．take away C．put on D．lead to 【答案】35．B 36．C 37．A 38．B 39．A 40．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了水循环在地球生态系统中的重要作用。 【详解】35．句意：它让水在天空、陆地和海洋之间流动，这对所有生物都是必要的 —— 包括植物、动物和人类。 except除了；including包括；without没有；about关于。根据“all living things”和“plants, animals and humans”可知，此处列举具体生物类型“包含”在所有生物中。故选B。 36．句意：令人惊讶的是，这个过程不仅填满了河流和湖泊，还帮助植物更好地生长。 dangerous危险的；boring无聊的；surprising令人惊讶的；hard困难的。根据“this process not only fills rivers and lakes but also helps plants grow better”可知，水循环同时实现“补水”和“助植物生长”两大作用，具有双重价值，这是令人惊讶的。故选C。 37．句意：如果没有这样的过程，结果就是许多生物会失去它们的水源。 result结果；reason原因；question问题；answer答案。根据“If there were no such a process”和“many living things would lose their water source”可知，“没有水循环”是前提，“失去水源”是后续后果。故选A。 38．句意：此外，水循环带来的清洁水还能防止一些有害病毒轻易传播。 flowers花；viruses病毒；plants植物；animals动物。根据“the clean water from the water cycle can also prevent some harmful”和“from spreading easily spreading”可知，清洁水能阻止“病毒”迅速传播。故选B。 39．句意：污染会破坏它（水循环），危害自然和人类。 ruin破坏；improve改善；help帮助；protect保护。根据“We must protect the water cycle”和“harming nature and humans”可知，污染会“破坏”自然和人类。故选A。 40．句意：没有它（水循环），庄稼长不好，这会导致粮食短缺。 look for寻找；take away拿走；put on穿上；lead to导致。根据“crops would not grow well”和“food shortages”可知，庄稼长不好，会“导致”食物短缺。故选D。 六、任务型阅读(共12分) Glaciers (冰川) are large blocks of snow and ice that move slowly down valleys. They look beautiful. Have you ever seen one with your own eyes? Sadly, many glaciers are now getting smaller because of global warming. The European Environmental Agency (欧洲环境署) says glaciers in the Alps (阿尔卑斯山脉) have lost about half of their amount since 1900. The melting has gotten faster since 1980. The agency adds that by 2100, up to 89 percent of European glaciers could have melted. For American photographer and pilot Garrett Fisher, this means that he is in a race against time. Not too long ago, he flew close to Europe’s largest glacier which is in Norway. The 41-year-old is trying to photograph every glacier on the face of the planet. He wants to show people the beauty of glaciers before some of them are gone. Fisher became interested in flying and photography at an early age. In the late 1990s, a friend told Fisher that the world’s glaciers were disappearing. This pushed him to combine his two favorite hobbies. The man decided to fly over the Earth’s remaining glaciers and photograph them. He made it his life’s work. Fisher flies a small plane. It seems like a toy against the huge glaciers. The task requires a lot of skill and time. “The weather is cold and is often terrible; the winds are very strong,” says Fisher. “To photograph glaciers, I must get very close to their surfaces. Many people tell me that I’m crazy.” Some people ask Fisher if it is necessary to risk his life flying over glaciers. After all, these days, satellites are able to give us pictures of all the glaciers. Fisher explains that pictures from satellites cannot show the beauty of glaciers the way his photos can. His photos show the colors and shapes of glaciers, as well as the shadows as the sunlight hits them. Fisher hopes his photos will make people care more about glaciers. He wants them to push governments to act against global warming. “We can live without them. We will live without them,” Fisher adds. “However, it hurts us to lose them.” 41．According to the article, where is Europe’s largest glacier located? 42．When did Garrett Fisher first learn about the disappearance of glaciers? 43．Why is Fisher “in a race against time (underlined in paragraph 3)”? 44．According to Fisher, what is the difference between his glacier pictures and those from satellites? 45．What does Fisher hope people will do after seeing his glacier pictures? 46．If you were one of Fisher’s close friends, what would you say to him? Write at least two sentences. 【答案】41．It is located in Norway. 42．In the late 1990s. 43．Because many glaciers are getting smaller and disappearing due to global warming, and he wants to photograph every glacier before some of them are gone. 44．His photos can show the beauty of glaciers (including their colors, shapes and shadows when sunlight hits them), while satellite pictures cannot. 45．He hopes people will care more about glaciers and push governments to act against global warming. 46．Example: Garrett, I really admire your courage and devotion to recording glaciers’ beauty. It’s meaningful to let more people pay attention to global warming through your photos. Please take good care of yourself when flying in terrible weather! 【导语】本文主要介绍了摄影师兼飞行员Garrett Fisher为记录冰川之美，驾驶飞机环游全球拍摄冰川的行动，以及他这样做的原因和期望。 【详解】41．根据第三段“Not too long ago, he flew close to Europe’s largest glacier which is in Norway.”可知，欧洲最大的冰川位于挪威。故填It is located in Norway. 42．根据第四段“In the late 1990s, a friend told Fisher that the world’s glaciers were disappearing.”可知，Garrett Fisher在20世纪90年代末第一次得知冰川正在消失。故填In the late 1990s. 43．根据第二段“many glaciers are now getting smaller because of global warming”以及第三段“He wants to show people the beauty of glaciers before some of them are gone.”可知，他“与时间赛跑”是因为全球变暖导致许多冰川正在缩小消失，他想在部分冰川消失前拍下每一座冰川。故填Because many glaciers are getting smaller and disappearing due to global warming, and he wants to photograph every glacier before some of them are gone. 44．根据第五段“Fisher explains that pictures from satellites cannot show the beauty of glaciers the way his photos can. His photos show the colors and shapes of glaciers, as well as the shadows as the sunlight hits them.”可知，他的照片能展现冰川的美（包括颜色、形状和阳光照射下的阴影），而卫星图片不能。故填His photos can show the beauty of glaciers (including their colors, shapes and shadows when sunlight hits them), while satellite pictures cannot. 45．根据第五段“Fisher hopes his photos will make people care more about glaciers. He wants them to push governments to act against global warming.”可知，他希望人们看完照片后更关心冰川，并推动政府采取行动应对全球变暖。故填He hopes people will care more about glaciers and push governments to act against global warming. 46．本题为开放性试题。结合Fisher的行动与精神，从敬佩、鼓励、关心安全等角度作答即可，故填Garrett, I really admire your courage and devotion to recording glaciers’ beauty. It’s meaningful to let more people pay attention to global warming through your photos. Please take good care of yourself when flying in terrible weather! 七、书面表达(共25分) 47．假如你是中学生李华，近期你发现校园中存在浪费水资源的现象，你作为本校“环保社团”社长，将用英语向全校同学演讲，号召同学们节约用水。请你以“Saving water at school”为题，帮助李华撰写一篇不少于60词的演讲稿。 内容包含： 1、水资源短缺的现状； 2、校园中浪费水资源的不恰当行为及相应的改进措施； 3、呼吁全体同学共同参与，节约用水。 You can start like this: Good morning, my schoolmates. I’m Li Hua, head of the Eco Club. Today I want to talk about ... 注意： 1.不得出现真实姓名、校名等个人信息，否则不予评分。 2. 照抄阅读语篇不予以评分。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文： Good morning, my schoolmates. I’m Li Hua, head of the Eco Club. Today I want to talk about saving water at school. Water is very important for daily life. But now, many places lack clean water—many can’t even get enough to live well. However, I see wasteful acts in our school: students leave taps on after hand-washing, and we use too much water for mopping floors. To fix this, turn taps off tightly right after use. Use the right water amount when cleaning. Water’s precious. Let’s save every drop at school—small acts help! That’s all. Thanks for listening! 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇讲稿； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意关于学校浪费水的现象以及节约用水的建议等介绍要点，适当增加细节，使文章重点突出。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开头表明身份并引出要谈论的在学校节约用水的话题； 第二步，具体阐述现在很多地方缺水的情况，接着指出学校存在的浪费水的行为，然后给出相应的解决办法； 第三步，总结全文，呼吁大家在学校节约每一滴水。 [亮点词汇] ①lack clean water缺乏干净的水   ②leave taps on让水龙头开着 ③use too much water用太多水 ④turn taps off tightly把水龙头关紧 ⑤the right water amount合适的水量 [高分句型] ①To fix this, turn taps off tightly right after use. (动词不定式作目的状语) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元自测 Unit 1 Water·能力提升 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．A 11．A 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．B 16．A 17．C 18．D 19．How can we / What can we do to 20．Should people clean up by themselves 21．Why should we / Why do we need to 22．doesn’t it 23．Do you prefer 24．D 25．F 26．A 27．B 28．E 29．C 30．D 31．A 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．B 36．C 37．A 38．B 39．A 40．D 41．It is located in Norway. 42．In the late 1990s. 43．Because many glaciers are getting smaller and disappearing due to global warming, and he wants to photograph every glacier before some of them are gone. 44．His photos can show the beauty of glaciers (including their colors, shapes and shadows when sunlight hits them), while satellite pictures cannot. 45．He hopes people will care more about glaciers and push governments to act against global warming. 46．Example: Garrett, I really admire your courage and devotion to recording glaciers’ beauty. It’s meaningful to let more people pay attention to global warming through your photos. Please take good care of yourself when flying in terrible weather! 47． 例文： Good morning, my schoolmates. I’m Li Hua, head of the Eco Club. Today I want to talk about saving water at school. Water is very important for daily life. But now, many places lack clean water—many can’t even get enough to live well. However, I see wasteful acts in our school: students leave taps on after hand-washing, and we use too much water for mopping floors. To fix this, turn taps off tightly right after use. Use the right water amount when cleaning. Water’s precious. Let’s save every drop at school—small acts help! That’s all. Thanks for listening! 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元自测 Unit 1 Water·能力提升 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、试室号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、语法选择(本大题共 10题，每题2分，共20分) 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡将对应选项涂黑。 When we think about water use, we usually focus on the direct ways we use water, such as drinking or bathing. However, there is a large amount of indirect water use that often goes unnoticed. Indirect water use refers to the water 1 in the production of goods and 2 that we use every day. For example, consider the production of a hamburger. The cow that provides the meat drinks a large amount of water 3 its life. What’s more, water is used 4 the crops that feed the cow. Then, in the factory, water is needed to process the meat, make the bun, and 5 the packaging. All these steps 6 indirect water use connected with a single hamburger. Similarly, making a cotton T-shirt needs a complex process. 7 also requires a large amount of water. Water is used to irrigate the cotton fields, process the raw cotton into fabric in factories, and dye and finish the fabric. Research has shown that the indirect water use for many products is much 8 than the direct water use. Understanding this idea 9 us realise the true value of every drop of water. We should make more conscious choices 10 purchasing products, choosing those from companies that are energy-saving and careful with water use. By doing so, we can play a part in conserving our limited water resources and ensuring a sustainable future. 1．A．consumed B．to consume C．consuming 2．A．serving B．services C．serve 3．A．at B．to C．throughout 4．A．to grow B．to growing C．grow 5．A．produce B．producing C．production 6．A．will need B．needs C．need 7．A．It B．That C．Those 8．A．great B．greater C．greatest 9．A．helps B．helped C．help 10．A．when B．until C．after 二、选词填空(共8分) 将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。 A．protect      B．ways      C． experienced D．change      E. produced Water is very important for life, yet many countries are facing serious water problems. Governments and people must work together to 11 this valuable resource. Different countries have found special 12 to save water. Israel, for example, is a country with limited natural water resources. About 90 percent of its used water is cleaned and reused for farming. Australians have 13 terrible droughts (旱灾), so now they use special tanks to collect rainwater for daily use. Meanwhile, Singapore has developed technology to 14 seawater into drinking water, reducing its need to buy water from other countries. A．careful      B．quickly      C． enough   D．matters      E. hardly Even small daily habits can make a big difference. For example, turning off the tap while brushing your teeth can save up to six liters of water per minute. Fixing broken pipes 15 stops unnecessary water waste. Some cities, like Tokyo, have reduced water loss by replacing old pipes and encouraging the use of water-saving devices. However, in some places, water is still wasted because people are not 16 or because the water systems are too old. Education plays an important role in changing people’s attitudes towards water use. If everyone takes action, we can make sure that future generations will have 17 water to live well. Saving water isn’t just one country’s problem—it’s something the whole world must care about. Every drop counts, and every effort 18 ! 三、按要求填写句子，补全对话（每题2分，共10分） Situation: A school reporter is interviewing Ms. Chen, a environmental scientist. They are talking about how teenagers can help protect the ocean. Reporter: Good afternoon, Ms. Chen. Thank you for joining us today. Many young people want to help protect the ocean but don’t know where to start. 19 (就方式方法提问) help save the ocean? Ms. Chen: Great question. The simplest way is to reduce plastic use. For example, always bring your own water bottle instead of buying plastic ones. Reporter: I see. 20 (写出恰当的一般疑问句) when they go to the beach? Ms. Chen: Yes, they should always clean up by themselves. Whatever they bring to the beach, they should take back home. Never leave trash behind. Reporter: Some teenagers love eating seafood. 21 (用why提问) choose sustainable seafood? Ms. Chen: Because that fish populations don’t disappear. Overfishing is a serious problem. When buying seafood, look for labels that say it’s sustainably caught. Reporter: So every small action matters, 22 (写出附加问句)? Ms. Chen: Exactly. When millions of people make small changes, the results can be huge. Reporter: At the end of today’s interview, could you give one final piece of advice? 23 (对选择疑问句做出回答) going to the beach or staying at home? Ms. Chen: I’d say going to the beach is better because you can see the beauty you’re protecting. But whether you’re at the beach or at home, always ask yourself: “Is my action helping or hurting the ocean?” Reporter: That’s very wise advice. Thank you, Ms. Chen. 四、阅读理解 (共14分) A. (每题1分，共5分) 下面的材料A—F分别介绍了六种环保或应急方式，请根据 Tom, Lisa, Mike, Anna, Sam的需求为他们匹配最合适的方式，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 24 Tom: I want to help the environment, but I don’t know where to start. I feel like my actions won’t make a difference. 25 Lisa: I love animals and want to do something to protect them, but I’m not sure how. 26 Mike: My family uses a lot of electricity at home, and I want to find ways to save energy. 27 Anna: I live in an area where earthquakes sometimes happen, and I want to be ready in case of an emergency. 28 Sam: I want to do something fun and meaningful with my family that also helps the environment. A．Save energy by turning off lights and electronics when not in use. Encourage your family to use energy-efficient appliances if possible. B．Prepare for natural disasters by creating an emergency tool box with things like water, food, and first aid supplies. Discuss a family plan for emergencies. C． Spread awareness about environmental issues. Share what you’ve learned with friends and classmates in communities. D．Start small by reducing waste at home. For example, use reusable bags instead of plastic ones and recycle paper. Every small action counts! E. Plant trees or start a small garden at home. Trees help clean the air, and growing your own vegetables reduces the need for transportation and packaging. F. Learn about local wildlife. Join a nature club or volunteer for local zoos. Understanding nature helps you protect it better. B.根据短文内容选择最恰当的答案。 (每题1.5分，共9分) Researchers said they had found out that there was once an ancient fresh water lake on Mars that might have been able to support life. A team of researchers from the US Curiosity Rover Mission, analyzed (分析) some mudstone and fine-grained sediment (细粒沉积物) which can tell us that there was at least one lake around 3.6 billion years ago. The team said their analysis showed that the lake was calm and likely had fresh water, including key biological elements, such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur (硫磺). Theoretically, such a lake would provide perfect conditions for simple living things. The findings were published in the US Journal Science and presented at the American Geophysical Union’s fall meeting in San Francisco. “It is important to note that we have not found signs of ancient life on Mars. What we have found is that there once existed a lake on its surface which might make it possible for some simple living things to live billions of years ago,” Professor Sanjeev Gupta said in a statement. Gupta described the new research as “a huge positive step” for the exploration of Mars. In previous studies, scientists found evidence of water on Mars’ surface in other rocks. However, the new research provides the strongest evidence yet that Mars could have been habitable enough for life to continue. 29．Researchers have found evidence that an ancient fresh water lake probably existed on ________. A．the Earth B．Venus C．Mars D．the Moon 30．The following biological elements EXCEPT ________ have been found on Mars according to the analysis. A．oxygen B．nitrogen C．hydrogen D．carbon dioxide 31．The underlined word “habitable” in the last paragraph probably means “________” in Chinese. A．可居住的 B．无法生存的 C．习惯的 D．不可能的 32．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The researchers thought it impossible for a fresh water lake to exist on Mars. B．Gupta thought of the new research as “a huge positive step” for the exploration of Mars. C．Researchers have taken great efforts to find signs of ancient life on Mars. D．The findings about the fresh water lake haven’t been published in the US Journal Science. 33．On which column of a book can you find this passage? A．Science. B．Travelling. C．Life. D．Education. 34．What is the passage mainly about? A．How did the fresh water lake disappear on Mars? B．Ancient life signs found on Mars. C．An ancient fresh water lake on Mars. D．The importance of water. 五、完形填空(共9分) The Role of the Water Cycle in the Ecosystem (生态系统) The water cycle is a key part of Earth’s ecosystem. It keeps water moving between the sky, land and oceans, which is necessary for all living things— 35 plants, animals and humans. First, it provides fresh water. When water evaporates from oceans and lakes, it forms clouds. Later, it falls to the ground as rain or snow. A 36 thing is that this process not only fills rivers and lakes but also helps plants grow better. If there were no such process, the 37 would be that many living things would lose their water source. Second, it helps control the climate. Evaporation takes heat from the Earth, making places cooler. When it rains, heat is released, which changes the weather of different areas. Third, it supports ecosystems. As water flows through rivers, it carries nutrients to soil, helping plants grow. These plants then give animals food and homes to live in. What’s more, the clean water from the water cycle can also prevent some harmful 38 from spreading easily. Finally, it cleans water naturally. When water seeps into the ground, soil filters out dirt. This makes groundwater clean and safe for us to drink. We must protect the water cycle. Pollution can 39 it, harming nature and humans. By saving water and reducing pollution, we keep the water cycle steady. Besides, the water cycle also affects our daily life in many ways. For example, it provides water for farming. Without it, crops would not grow well, and that would 40 food shortages. Choose the best answer for each blank. 35．A．except B．including C．without D．about 36．A．dangerous B．boring C．surprising D．hard 37．A．result B．reason C．question D．answer 38．A．flowers B．viruses C．plants D．animals 39．A．ruin B．improve C．help D．protect 40．A．look for B．take away C．put on D．lead to 六、任务型阅读(共12分) Glaciers (冰川) are large blocks of snow and ice that move slowly down valleys. They look beautiful. Have you ever seen one with your own eyes? Sadly, many glaciers are now getting smaller because of global warming. The European Environmental Agency (欧洲环境署) says glaciers in the Alps (阿尔卑斯山脉) have lost about half of their amount since 1900. The melting has gotten faster since 1980. The agency adds that by 2100, up to 89 percent of European glaciers could have melted. For American photographer and pilot Garrett Fisher, this means that he is in a race against time. Not too long ago, he flew close to Europe’s largest glacier which is in Norway. The 41-year-old is trying to photograph every glacier on the face of the planet. He wants to show people the beauty of glaciers before some of them are gone. Fisher became interested in flying and photography at an early age. In the late 1990s, a friend told Fisher that the world’s glaciers were disappearing. This pushed him to combine his two favorite hobbies. The man decided to fly over the Earth’s remaining glaciers and photograph them. He made it his life’s work. Fisher flies a small plane. It seems like a toy against the huge glaciers. The task requires a lot of skill and time. “The weather is cold and is often terrible; the winds are very strong,” says Fisher. “To photograph glaciers, I must get very close to their surfaces. Many people tell me that I’m crazy.” Some people ask Fisher if it is necessary to risk his life flying over glaciers. After all, these days, satellites are able to give us pictures of all the glaciers. Fisher explains that pictures from satellites cannot show the beauty of glaciers the way his photos can. His photos show the colors and shapes of glaciers, as well as the shadows as the sunlight hits them. Fisher hopes his photos will make people care more about glaciers. He wants them to push governments to act against global warming. “We can live without them. We will live without them,” Fisher adds. “However, it hurts us to lose them.” 41．According to the article, where is Europe’s largest glacier located? 42．When did Garrett Fisher first learn about the disappearance of glaciers? 43．Why is Fisher “in a race against time (underlined in paragraph 3)”? 44．According to Fisher, what is the difference between his glacier pictures and those from satellites? 45．What does Fisher hope people will do after seeing his glacier pictures? 46．If you were one of Fisher’s close friends, what would you say to him? Write at least two sentences. 七、书面表达(共25分) 47．假如你是中学生李华，近期你发现校园中存在浪费水资源的现象，你作为本校“环保社团”社长，将用英语向全校同学演讲，号召同学们节约用水。请你以“Saving water at school”为题，帮助李华撰写一篇不少于60词的演讲稿。 内容包含： 1、水资源短缺的现状； 2、校园中浪费水资源的不恰当行为及相应的改进措施； 3、呼吁全体同学共同参与，节约用水。 You can start like this: Good morning, my schoolmates. I’m Li Hua, head of the Eco Club. Today I want to talk about ... 注意： 1.不得出现真实姓名、校名等个人信息，否则不予评分。 2. 照抄阅读语篇不予以评分。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $