Unit 1 课时4 Section B 1a-1f（知识清单）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了Unit 1 Section B 1a-1f的核心内容，涵盖必背词汇（如tunnel, link等）、核心句型（如How do changes influence us?等）及语法易错点（如现在完成时与since/for的搭配等）。知识点从词汇夯实到句型解析，再到语法应用，形成递进式学习支架，帮助学生逐步构建知识体系。 知识链路以“词汇-句型-语法”逻辑清晰呈现，通过词形变换、固定搭配、易混辨析（如influence/affect, cost/spend等）及中考例句强化语言能力。即学即练习题结合语境设计，注重思维品质培养，同时梳理语法易错点（如不可数名词progress的用法），提供结构化学习方法，有效提升学生学习能力。

Unit 1 The Changing World Unit 1 Section B 1a-1f 核心知识梳理 一、必背词汇 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 隧道；地下通道（名词）：tunnel 交通路线；联系（名词）；连接（动词）：link 港口；港口城市（名词）：port 首都（名词）：capital 完成；结束（动词）；完全的；彻底的（形容词）：complete 肯尼亚人（名词）；肯尼亚的；肯尼亚人的（形容词）：Kenyan 方便的（形容词）：convenient 生意；商业（名词）：business 容易；自在（名词）：ease 轻而易举地（短语）：with ease 卡车（名词）：lorry 经理（名词）：manager 评论；批评（名词 & 动词）：comment 总结（名词）：conclusion 隧道；地下通道（名词）：_______________ 交通路线；联系（名词）；连接（动词）：_______________ 港口；港口城市（名词）：_______________ 首都（名词）：_______________ 完成；结束（动词）；完全的；彻底的（形容词）：_______________ 肯尼亚人（名词）；肯尼亚的；肯尼亚人的（形容词）：_______________ 方便的（形容词）：_______________ 生意；商业（名词）：_______________ 容易；自在（名词）：_______________ 轻而易举地（短语）：_______________ 卡车（名词）：_______________ 经理（名词）：_______________ 评论；批评（名词 & 动词）：_______________ 总结（名词）：_______________ 二、必会考点 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.How do changes influence us?这些变化如何影响我们？ ①change｜/tʃeɪndʒ/｜n.｜变化 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：复数 changes；动词 change（改变） 固定搭配：great changes 巨大变化；social changes 社会变化 中考例句：Great changes have taken place in our hometown. ②influence｜/ˈɪnfluəns/｜v.｜影响 【知识点拓展】 拓展词性：n. 影响 固定搭配：influence sb. 影响某人；have an influence on sb./sth. 对…… 产生影响 易混辨析：influence（潜移默化的影响）；affect（侧重外界带来的冲击、作用） 中考例句：Reading can influence our way of thinking. 【即学即练】 1.Great _______ (change) have taken place in our hometown over the past few years. 2.The new railway _______ (change) people’s life a lot since 2017. 3.We should _______ (change) our old ideas to face the new world. 4.Social development has a great _______ (influence) on teenagers. 5.The hard‑working spirit _______ (influence) him deeply when he was young. 6.Different experiences can _______ (influence) our ways of thinking. 7.Many _______ (influence) from the outside world will shape our life. 8.He has _______ (change) a lot after seeing the great development of the country. 2.How does it benefit local lives?它给当地居民的生活带来哪些好处？ benefit｜/ˈbenɪfɪt/｜v.｜使受益；有益于 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 / 过去分词 benefited；名词 benefit（好处，益处） 必考固定搭配： ① benefit sb. 使某人受益 ② benefit from sth. 从…… 中获益 中考典型例句：Many local people benefit from the new railway. 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 benefit (v.) 使受益 动词，主语一般是事物；benefit sb. The policy benefits villagers. useful (adj.) 有用的 形容词，用来描述事物性质 The train is useful to local people. 【即学即练】 1.Lots of local people _______ (benefit) from the new railway since 2017. 2.The new policy will _______ (benefit) thousands of farmers in the countryside. 3.We can get many _______ (benefit) from fast‑developing public transport. 4.Everyone has got great _______ (benefit) from these social changes. 5.The project is of great _______ (benefit) to people’s daily life. 3.It took 10 hours to get to Nairobi from Mombasa by train.过去乘坐火车从蒙巴萨前往内罗毕需要 10 个小时。 ①take｜/teɪk/｜v.｜花费（时间） 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 took；过去分词 taken 必考固定句型：It takes/took (sb.) + 时间段 + to do sth. 做某事花费（某人）多长时间 中考典型例句：It took me two hours to travel to the town. take用法拓展： 含义分类 固定搭配 中考例句 1. 花费（时间） It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间 It took 10 hours to get there by train. 2. 乘坐（交通工具） take a bus/train/planetake the + 交通工具 I take the train to Nairobi every month. 3. 拿走；带走 take sth. to + 地点take sb. to sp. 带某人去某地 Please take these books to the library. 4. 买下；选购 take sth. 买下某物 This coat looks nice. I’ll take it. 5. 拍照 take photos / take a photo Many visitors take photos of the building. 6. 休息；休假 take a break / take a resttake a holiday 度假 You should take a rest after long travel. 7. 参加（活动、考试） take part in 参加活动take an exam 参加考试 He will take part in the reading competition. 8. 占据（时间 / 空间） take up The big sofa takes up too much room. 9. 服药 take medicine Take this medicine three times a day. 10. 照顾 take care of = look after We must take care of the old people. 11. 发生 take place（无被动语态！中考高频） Great changes have taken place in Guizhou. 12. 吸收；接纳 take in Plants take in sunlight. ②get｜/get/｜v.｜到达 【知识点拓展】 必考固定搭配：get to + 地点名词；⚠地点副词 (home/there) 去掉 to 中考典型例句：When did you get to the library? 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 get to 到达（不及物动词短语） 后接名词加 to；接 home/here/there 不加 to I get to school at 7:30. arrive 到达 arrive in + 大地点；arrive at + 小地点 He arrived in Guizhou yesterday. reach 到达（及物动词） 后面直接加地点，不加介词 She reached the station on time. ③train｜/treɪn/｜n.｜火车 【知识点拓展】 拓展词性：v. 训练；固定短语 by train 乘火车 同义转换：take the train = go…by train 中考典型例句：Many local people take the train to big cities. 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 take the train 乘坐火车 动词短语，在句中作谓语 I take the train to Nairobi. by train 乘坐火车 介词短语，只能作方式状语，不作谓语 I go to Nairobi by train. 【即学即练】 1.It _______ (take) people ten hours to get to the city by train in the past. 2.You should _______ (get) to the railway station before 7 o’clock. 3.My uncle _______ (train) young workers for two years. 4.Many visitors _______ (take) the train to travel around Kenya every year. 5.We have _______ (get) much help from the new public transport. 4.Now, more than two million people use it every day.如今，每天有两百多万人乘坐这趟列车。 （1）million｜/ˈmɪljən/｜num.｜百万 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：million 前有具体数字，不加 s；millions of 数百万的（模糊数量，必须加 s） 必考固定搭配： two million people 两百万人；millions of visitors 数百万游客 中考典型例句：More than three million people visit the city every year. （2）more than｜/mɔː ðæn/｜短语｜超过；多于 【知识点拓展】同义短语：over 中考典型例句：The railway has been used for more than 8 years. 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 million（前有具体数字） 百万 不加 s，不加 of five million trees 五百万棵树 millions of 数百万的 模糊概数，必须加 s+of millions of trees 数百万棵树 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 more than 超过；多于 书面、口语均可，可修饰数字 more than 200 students over 超过 多用于口语，修饰数字，和 more than 可互换 over 200 students 【即学即练】 1._______ (million) of visitors come to take the train every year. 2._______ (million) two people take this railway every day. 3.There are _______ (more than) three thousand students in our school. 4.Two _______ (million) people have benefited from the new project. 5._______ (million) of books are provided for the local kids. 6.It took _______ (more than) 10 hours to get to the city in the past. 5.My experience of using the train since 2017 has been good.从 2017 年开始乘坐这趟火车，我的体验一直很不错。 （1）experience｜/ɪkˈspɪəriəns/｜n.｜体验；经历 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：①（可数 n.）经历 → 复数 experiences ②（不可数 n.）经验；体验 拓展词性：v. 经历；体验 必考固定搭配： One’s experience of doing sth. 某人做某事的体验 work experience 工作经验 中考典型例句：My experience of living in the town is wonderful. 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 experience（可数名词） 经历 指一件件具体发生的事情 I had many interesting experiences. experience（不可数名词） 经验、体验 积累获得的感受、阅历 He has much work experience. （2）since｜/sɪns/｜prep.｜自从 【知识点拓展】 必考固定搭配： since + 时间点；用于现在完成时 中考典型例句：He has lived here since 2017. 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 since 自从 后接时间点 / 一般过去时句子 I have travelled by train since 2017. for 持续 后接时间段 I have travelled by train for 8 years. 【即学即练】 1.He has many wonderful _______ (experience) when he travels by train. 2.I _______ (experience) great changes in my hometown since 2018. 3.Travelling gives us much useful _______ (experience). 4.We have kept in touch with each other _______ (since) five years ago. 5.She _______ (experience) a hard life in the past, but now she lives a better life. 6.Lots of people have taken the railway _______ (since) it was built. 6.It is very convenient and doesn't cost much money.它十分便捷，而且花费不高。 ①convenient adj.方便的，便捷的 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：名词 convenience 便利；不方便：inconvenient 必考固定搭配： It’s convenient for sb. to do sth. 某人方便做某事 中考典型例句：The new railway makes it convenient for people to travel. ②cost v.花费（金钱） 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 & 过去分词 cost（不变形） 必考固定搭配：sth. costs sb. money 某物花费某人金钱 中考典型例句：The train ticket doesn’t cost too much. 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 cost 花费 主语物品，多指花钱 The ticket costs 50 yuan. spend 花费 主语人；spend…on sth./(in) doing sth. I spend money on train tickets. take 花费 常用句型 It takes sb. time to do sth.（花费时间） It takes 10 hours to get there. pay 花费 主语人；pay for 为…… 付款 I pay for my train ticket. 【即学即练】 1.The new railway brings much _______ (convenient) for local businessmen. 2.It is _______ (convenient) for people to travel than before because of the train. 3.The train ticket _______ (cost) little money, so many people choose it. 4.We should improve public transport to make life _______ (convenient). 5.The project _______ (cost) lots of money when it was built years ago. 6.How much does the new service _______ (cost)? 7.I am able to get to places on time and make business deals with ease.我能够准时抵达目的地，轻松洽谈生意。 （1）able adj.能够的 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：反义词 unable；名词 ability 能力 必考固定搭配：be able to do sth. 能够做某事 中考典型例句：He is able to catch the early train every morning. 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 be able to 能够 可用于各种时态；侧重后天能力 She will be able to visit Nairobi next year. can 能够 只有一般现在时、一般过去时 (could)；侧重本身具备的能力 He can speak English. （2）on time准时，按时 【知识点拓展】 中考典型例句：The high-speed train arrives on time most of the time. 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 on time 准时 按照规定时间，不早不晚 Please arrive at the station on time. in time 及时 赶在截止时间之前，没有迟到 He caught the train in time. （3）business n.商业；生意 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：形容词 busy 忙碌的 必考固定搭配：business deal 生意洽谈；do business 做生意 中考典型例句：Many businessmen take the train to do business. （4）deal n.交易，洽谈 【知识点拓展】 拓展词性：v. 处理；应对 必考固定搭配：make a deal /make deals 达成交易；deal with 处理 中考典型例句：They made many business deals in the city. 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 deal with 处理；应对 侧重解决难题、困境 How do you deal with the problem? do with 处理；安置 常和 what 连用 What did you do with your old ticket? （5）ease n.容易；轻松 【知识点拓展】 拓展词性：v. 缓解 必考固定搭配：with ease 轻松地；毫不费力地 中考典型例句：He can finish the work with ease. 【即学即练】 1.He is _______ (able) to finish his business work because the train was late. 2.Many _______ (business) go to other cities to make money by taking the train. 3.They made many _______ (deal) with foreign partners last year. 4.With the help of the new railway, he can finish the work with _______ (ease). 5.If you want to catch the train, you must arrive at the station _______ (on time). 6.People will be _______ (able) to travel farther after the railway is improved. 8.Although China and Kenya are far away from each other, the railway shows how different countries can work together to build a better world.尽管中国和肯尼亚相距遥远，但这条铁路展现出各国如何携手合作，共建更美好的世界。 （1）although conj.虽然，尽管 【知识点拓展】 必考要点：although /though 不能和 but 连用（中考高频易错点） 中考典型例句：Although it rains, we still take the train. 易混淆单词辨析 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 although 虽然，尽管 引导让步状语从句，不与 but 连用，可放句首 / 句中 Although he is busy, he takes the train often. but 但是 并列连词，不能和 although 同时使用 He is busy, but he takes the train often. （2）railway n.铁路 【知识点拓展】 复数：railways 固定搭配：railway station 火车站 中考典型例句：The new railway changes local people’s lives. （3）different adj.不同的 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：difference n. 差别；differently adv. 不同地 固定搭配：be different from 与…… 不同 中考典型例句：The two countries have different cultures. 易混淆单词辨析 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 different（adj.） 不同的 修饰名词，搭配 be different from My plan is different from yours. difference（n.） 差异，区别 名词，可作主语、宾语 There are many differences between cities. （4）together adv.一起，共同 【知识点拓展】 固定搭配：work together 合作，携手 中考典型例句：Countries work together to build the railway. （5）build v.建造；构建 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 built；名词 building 建筑物；builder 建设者 固定搭配：build a world 创建世界；build roads 修建道路 中考典型例句：Workers built the railway several years ago. 易混淆单词辨析 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 far away from 距离遥远 后接宾语；far away 后面不加名词 China is far away from Kenya. faraway 遥远的 形容词，只能放在名词前作定语 a faraway country 一个遥远的国家 【即学即练】 1._______ (although) he faces many difficulties, he still keeps working for the project. 2.Two new _______ (railway) have changed people’s life in Kenya. 3.The two countries have _______ (different) cultures and living habits. 4.Countries should work _______ (together) to build a better world. 5.Workers _______ (build) the modern railway many years ago. 6.There are many _______ (different) between the old days and today. 一、课时核心重点词汇 & 短语 condition /kənˈdɪʃn/n. 条件；状况 词形变换：conditions (复数) 固定搭配：living conditions 生活条件；in good/bad condition 状况好 / 差 中考例句：People’s living conditions have improved a lot. communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/v. 交流，沟通 词形变换：communication n. 交流；通讯 固定搭配：communicate with sb. 和某人交流 中考例句：We can communicate with friends far away easily now. rapid /ˈræpɪd/adj. 迅速的，快速的 词形变换：rapidly adv. 迅速地 固定搭配：rapid changes 飞速的变化 progress /ˈprəʊɡres/n. [U] 进步，进展（不可数名词！中考大坑） 固定搭配：make progress 取得进步；make great progress 取得巨大进步 ⚠易错：不能说 make a progress，progress 零冠词。 satisfy /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/v. 使满意 词形变换：satisfied adj. 感到满意的；satisfying adj. 令人满意的；satisfaction n. 满意 固定搭配：be satisfied with… 对…… 感到满意 in detail 详细地 keep in touch with 与…… 保持联系 far away 遥远的 2、 易混词 / 短语辨析 单词 / 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 communicate with 和…… 交流 动词短语，作谓语 We communicate with each other by WeChat. keep in touch with 与…… 保持联系 侧重长久维持联络 I keep in touch with my old friends. 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 satisfied 感到满意的 修饰人 He is satisfied with his new life. satisfying 令人满意的 修饰事物 It is a satisfying trip. 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 used to do 过去常常做（现在不做） 后接动词原形 People used to live in poor houses. be used to doing 习惯于做某事 to 是介词，后接 doing He is used to living in the big city. 三、语法易错点 1. 现在完成时 + since /for ✅ since + 时间点；for + 时间段 ⚠不能和明确过去时间（…ago, in 2010）连用。 ❌ I have kept in touch with him three years ago. ✅ I have kept in touch with him for three years. 2. 不可数名词 progress 高频错题 ❌ We have made a great progress. ✅ We have made great progress. 3. keep 短语考点 keep in touch with sb. 与某人保持联系（中考听力单选高频） 拓展：lose touch with sb. 和某人失去联系 4. 数量表达复习 具体数字 + million（不加 s） millions of + 名词复数（数百万，加 s 加 of） 5. used to 句型（听力填空常考） 肯定：主语 + used to do… 否定：didn’t use to do… 疑问：Did … use to do…? ⚠ used to 后面必须动词原形，禁止 doing。 四、本课时高频易错句子（听力挖空易错） People’s living conditions have improved greatly.人们的生活条件已经大大改善。 They couldn’t communicate with others far away in the past.过去他们无法和远方的人交流。 Great progress has been made in our hometown.我们家乡取得了巨大进步。 We keep in touch with each other by phone now.我们现在通过电话互相保持联系。 $Unit 1 The Changing World Unit 1 Section B 1a-1f 核心知识梳理 一、必背词汇 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 隧道；地下通道（名词）：tunnel 交通路线；联系（名词）；连接（动词）：link 港口；港口城市（名词）：port 首都（名词）：capital 完成；结束（动词）；完全的；彻底的（形容词）：complete 肯尼亚人（名词）；肯尼亚的；肯尼亚人的（形容词）：Kenyan 方便的（形容词）：convenient 生意；商业（名词）：business 容易；自在（名词）：ease 轻而易举地（短语）：with ease 卡车（名词）：lorry 经理（名词）：manager 评论；批评（名词 & 动词）：comment 总结（名词）：conclusion 隧道；地下通道（名词）：_______________ 交通路线；联系（名词）；连接（动词）：_______________ 港口；港口城市（名词）：_______________ 首都（名词）：_______________ 完成；结束（动词）；完全的；彻底的（形容词）：_______________ 肯尼亚人（名词）；肯尼亚的；肯尼亚人的（形容词）：_______________ 方便的（形容词）：_______________ 生意；商业（名词）：_______________ 容易；自在（名词）：_______________ 轻而易举地（短语）：_______________ 卡车（名词）：_______________ 经理（名词）：_______________ 评论；批评（名词 & 动词）：_______________ 总结（名词）：_______________ 二、必会考点 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.How do changes influence us?这些变化如何影响我们？ ①change｜/tʃeɪndʒ/｜n.｜变化 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：复数 changes；动词 change（改变） 固定搭配：great changes 巨大变化；social changes 社会变化 中考例句：Great changes have taken place in our hometown. ②influence｜/ˈɪnfluəns/｜v.｜影响 【知识点拓展】 拓展词性：n. 影响 固定搭配：influence sb. 影响某人；have an influence on sb./sth. 对…… 产生影响 易混辨析：influence（潜移默化的影响）；affect（侧重外界带来的冲击、作用） 中考例句：Reading can influence our way of thinking. 【即学即练】 1.Great _______ (change) have taken place in our hometown over the past few years. 2.The new railway _______ (change) people’s life a lot since 2017. 3.We should _______ (change) our old ideas to face the new world. 4.Social development has a great _______ (influence) on teenagers. 5.The hard‑working spirit _______ (influence) him deeply when he was young. 6.Different experiences can _______ (influence) our ways of thinking. 7.Many _______ (influence) from the outside world will shape our life. 8.He has _______ (change) a lot after seeing the great development of the country. 【参考答案】 1.changes 2.has changed 3.change 4.influence 5.influenced 6.influence 7.influences 8.changed 2.How does it benefit local lives?它给当地居民的生活带来哪些好处？ benefit｜/ˈbenɪfɪt/｜v.｜使受益；有益于 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 / 过去分词 benefited；名词 benefit（好处，益处） 必考固定搭配： ① benefit sb. 使某人受益 ② benefit from sth. 从…… 中获益 中考典型例句：Many local people benefit from the new railway. 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 benefit (v.) 使受益 动词，主语一般是事物；benefit sb. The policy benefits villagers. useful (adj.) 有用的 形容词，用来描述事物性质 The train is useful to local people. 【即学即练】 1.Lots of local people _______ (benefit) from the new railway since 2017. 2.The new policy will _______ (benefit) thousands of farmers in the countryside. 3.We can get many _______ (benefit) from fast‑developing public transport. 4.Everyone has got great _______ (benefit) from these social changes. 5.The project is of great _______ (benefit) to people’s daily life. 【参考答案】 1. have benefited 2.benefit 3.benefits 4.benefit 5.benefit 3.It took 10 hours to get to Nairobi from Mombasa by train.过去乘坐火车从蒙巴萨前往内罗毕需要 10 个小时。 ①take｜/teɪk/｜v.｜花费（时间） 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 took；过去分词 taken 必考固定句型：It takes/took (sb.) + 时间段 + to do sth. 做某事花费（某人）多长时间 中考典型例句：It took me two hours to travel to the town. take用法拓展： 含义分类 固定搭配 中考例句 1. 花费（时间） It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间 It took 10 hours to get there by train. 2. 乘坐（交通工具） take a bus/train/planetake the + 交通工具 I take the train to Nairobi every month. 3. 拿走；带走 take sth. to + 地点take sb. to sp. 带某人去某地 Please take these books to the library. 4. 买下；选购 take sth. 买下某物 This coat looks nice. I’ll take it. 5. 拍照 take photos / take a photo Many visitors take photos of the building. 6. 休息；休假 take a break / take a resttake a holiday 度假 You should take a rest after long travel. 7. 参加（活动、考试） take part in 参加活动take an exam 参加考试 He will take part in the reading competition. 8. 占据（时间 / 空间） take up The big sofa takes up too much room. 9. 服药 take medicine Take this medicine three times a day. 10. 照顾 take care of = look after We must take care of the old people. 11. 发生 take place（无被动语态！中考高频） Great changes have taken place in Guizhou. 12. 吸收；接纳 take in Plants take in sunlight. ②get｜/get/｜v.｜到达 【知识点拓展】 必考固定搭配：get to + 地点名词；⚠地点副词 (home/there) 去掉 to 中考典型例句：When did you get to the library? 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 get to 到达（不及物动词短语） 后接名词加 to；接 home/here/there 不加 to I get to school at 7:30. arrive 到达 arrive in + 大地点；arrive at + 小地点 He arrived in Guizhou yesterday. reach 到达（及物动词） 后面直接加地点，不加介词 She reached the station on time. ③train｜/treɪn/｜n.｜火车 【知识点拓展】 拓展词性：v. 训练；固定短语 by train 乘火车 同义转换：take the train = go…by train 中考典型例句：Many local people take the train to big cities. 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 take the train 乘坐火车 动词短语，在句中作谓语 I take the train to Nairobi. by train 乘坐火车 介词短语，只能作方式状语，不作谓语 I go to Nairobi by train. 【即学即练】 1.It _______ (take) people ten hours to get to the city by train in the past. 2.You should _______ (get) to the railway station before 7 o’clock. 3.My uncle _______ (train) young workers for two years. 4.Many visitors _______ (take) the train to travel around Kenya every year. 5.We have _______ (get) much help from the new public transport. 【参考答案】1.took 2.get 3.has trained 4.take 5.got 4.Now, more than two million people use it every day.如今，每天有两百多万人乘坐这趟列车。 （1）million｜/ˈmɪljən/｜num.｜百万 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：million 前有具体数字，不加 s；millions of 数百万的（模糊数量，必须加 s） 必考固定搭配： two million people 两百万人；millions of visitors 数百万游客 中考典型例句：More than three million people visit the city every year. （2）more than｜/mɔː ðæn/｜短语｜超过；多于 【知识点拓展】同义短语：over 中考典型例句：The railway has been used for more than 8 years. 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 million（前有具体数字） 百万 不加 s，不加 of five million trees 五百万棵树 millions of 数百万的 模糊概数，必须加 s+of millions of trees 数百万棵树 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 more than 超过；多于 书面、口语均可，可修饰数字 more than 200 students over 超过 多用于口语，修饰数字，和 more than 可互换 over 200 students 【即学即练】 1._______ (million) of visitors come to take the train every year. 2._______ (million) two people take this railway every day. 3.There are _______ (more than) three thousand students in our school. 4.Two _______ (million) people have benefited from the new project. 5._______ (million) of books are provided for the local kids. 6.It took _______ (more than) 10 hours to get to the city in the past. 【参考答案】1.Millions 2.More than 3.more than 4.million 5.Millions 6.more than 5.My experience of using the train since 2017 has been good.从 2017 年开始乘坐这趟火车，我的体验一直很不错。 （1）experience｜/ɪkˈspɪəriəns/｜n.｜体验；经历 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：①（可数 n.）经历 → 复数 experiences ②（不可数 n.）经验；体验 拓展词性：v. 经历；体验 必考固定搭配： One’s experience of doing sth. 某人做某事的体验 work experience 工作经验 中考典型例句：My experience of living in the town is wonderful. 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 experience（可数名词） 经历 指一件件具体发生的事情 I had many interesting experiences. experience（不可数名词） 经验、体验 积累获得的感受、阅历 He has much work experience. （2）since｜/sɪns/｜prep.｜自从 【知识点拓展】 必考固定搭配： since + 时间点；用于现在完成时 中考典型例句：He has lived here since 2017. 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 since 自从 后接时间点 / 一般过去时句子 I have travelled by train since 2017. for 持续 后接时间段 I have travelled by train for 8 years. 【即学即练】 1.He has many wonderful _______ (experience) when he travels by train. 2.I _______ (experience) great changes in my hometown since 2018. 3.Travelling gives us much useful _______ (experience). 4.We have kept in touch with each other _______ (since) five years ago. 5.She _______ (experience) a hard life in the past, but now she lives a better life. 6.Lots of people have taken the railway _______ (since) it was built. 【参考答案】1.experiences 2.have experienced 3.experience 4.since 5.experienced 6.since 6.It is very convenient and doesn't cost much money.它十分便捷，而且花费不高。 ①convenient adj.方便的，便捷的 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：名词 convenience 便利；不方便：inconvenient 必考固定搭配： It’s convenient for sb. to do sth. 某人方便做某事 中考典型例句：The new railway makes it convenient for people to travel. ②cost v.花费（金钱） 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 & 过去分词 cost（不变形） 必考固定搭配：sth. costs sb. money 某物花费某人金钱 中考典型例句：The train ticket doesn’t cost too much. 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 cost 花费 主语物品，多指花钱 The ticket costs 50 yuan. spend 花费 主语人；spend…on sth./(in) doing sth. I spend money on train tickets. take 花费 常用句型 It takes sb. time to do sth.（花费时间） It takes 10 hours to get there. pay 花费 主语人；pay for 为…… 付款 I pay for my train ticket. 【即学即练】 1.The new railway brings much _______ (convenient) for local businessmen. 2.It is _______ (convenient) for people to travel than before because of the train. 3.The train ticket _______ (cost) little money, so many people choose it. 4.We should improve public transport to make life _______ (convenient). 5.The project _______ (cost) lots of money when it was built years ago. 6.How much does the new service _______ (cost)? 【参考答案】1.convenience 2.more convenient 3.costs 4.more convenient 5.cost 6.cost 7.I am able to get to places on time and make business deals with ease.我能够准时抵达目的地，轻松洽谈生意。 （1）able adj.能够的 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：反义词 unable；名词 ability 能力 必考固定搭配：be able to do sth. 能够做某事 中考典型例句：He is able to catch the early train every morning. 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 be able to 能够 可用于各种时态；侧重后天能力 She will be able to visit Nairobi next year. can 能够 只有一般现在时、一般过去时 (could)；侧重本身具备的能力 He can speak English. （2）on time准时，按时 【知识点拓展】 中考典型例句：The high-speed train arrives on time most of the time. 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 on time 准时 按照规定时间，不早不晚 Please arrive at the station on time. in time 及时 赶在截止时间之前，没有迟到 He caught the train in time. （3）business n.商业；生意 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：形容词 busy 忙碌的 必考固定搭配：business deal 生意洽谈；do business 做生意 中考典型例句：Many businessmen take the train to do business. （4）deal n.交易，洽谈 【知识点拓展】 拓展词性：v. 处理；应对 必考固定搭配：make a deal /make deals 达成交易；deal with 处理 中考典型例句：They made many business deals in the city. 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 deal with 处理；应对 侧重解决难题、困境 How do you deal with the problem? do with 处理；安置 常和 what 连用 What did you do with your old ticket? （5）ease n.容易；轻松 【知识点拓展】 拓展词性：v. 缓解 必考固定搭配：with ease 轻松地；毫不费力地 中考典型例句：He can finish the work with ease. 【即学即练】 1.He is _______ (able) to finish his business work because the train was late. 2.Many _______ (business) go to other cities to make money by taking the train. 3.They made many _______ (deal) with foreign partners last year. 4.With the help of the new railway, he can finish the work with _______ (ease). 5.If you want to catch the train, you must arrive at the station _______ (on time). 6.People will be _______ (able) to travel farther after the railway is improved. 【参考答案】 1.unable 2.businessmen 3.deals 4.ease 5.on time 6.able 8.Although China and Kenya are far away from each other, the railway shows how different countries can work together to build a better world.尽管中国和肯尼亚相距遥远，但这条铁路展现出各国如何携手合作，共建更美好的世界。 （1）although conj.虽然，尽管 【知识点拓展】 必考要点：although /though 不能和 but 连用（中考高频易错点） 中考典型例句：Although it rains, we still take the train. 易混淆单词辨析 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 although 虽然，尽管 引导让步状语从句，不与 but 连用，可放句首 / 句中 Although he is busy, he takes the train often. but 但是 并列连词，不能和 although 同时使用 He is busy, but he takes the train often. （2）railway n.铁路 【知识点拓展】 复数：railways 固定搭配：railway station 火车站 中考典型例句：The new railway changes local people’s lives. （3）different adj.不同的 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：difference n. 差别；differently adv. 不同地 固定搭配：be different from 与…… 不同 中考典型例句：The two countries have different cultures. 易混淆单词辨析 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 different（adj.） 不同的 修饰名词，搭配 be different from My plan is different from yours. difference（n.） 差异，区别 名词，可作主语、宾语 There are many differences between cities. （4）together adv.一起，共同 【知识点拓展】 固定搭配：work together 合作，携手 中考典型例句：Countries work together to build the railway. （5）build v.建造；构建 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 built；名词 building 建筑物；builder 建设者 固定搭配：build a world 创建世界；build roads 修建道路 中考典型例句：Workers built the railway several years ago. 易混淆单词辨析 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 far away from 距离遥远 后接宾语；far away 后面不加名词 China is far away from Kenya. faraway 遥远的 形容词，只能放在名词前作定语 a faraway country 一个遥远的国家 【即学即练】 1._______ (although) he faces many difficulties, he still keeps working for the project. 2.Two new _______ (railway) have changed people’s life in Kenya. 3.The two countries have _______ (different) cultures and living habits. 4.Countries should work _______ (together) to build a better world. 5.Workers _______ (build) the modern railway many years ago. 6.There are many _______ (different) between the old days and today. 【参考答案】 1.Although 2.railways 3.different 4.together 5.built 6.differences 一、课时核心重点词汇 & 短语 condition /kənˈdɪʃn/n. 条件；状况 词形变换：conditions (复数) 固定搭配：living conditions 生活条件；in good/bad condition 状况好 / 差 中考例句：People’s living conditions have improved a lot. communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/v. 交流，沟通 词形变换：communication n. 交流；通讯 固定搭配：communicate with sb. 和某人交流 中考例句：We can communicate with friends far away easily now. rapid /ˈræpɪd/adj. 迅速的，快速的 词形变换：rapidly adv. 迅速地 固定搭配：rapid changes 飞速的变化 progress /ˈprəʊɡres/n. [U] 进步，进展（不可数名词！中考大坑） 固定搭配：make progress 取得进步；make great progress 取得巨大进步 ⚠易错：不能说 make a progress，progress 零冠词。 satisfy /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/v. 使满意 词形变换：satisfied adj. 感到满意的；satisfying adj. 令人满意的；satisfaction n. 满意 固定搭配：be satisfied with… 对…… 感到满意 in detail 详细地 keep in touch with 与…… 保持联系 far away 遥远的 2、 易混词 / 短语辨析 单词 / 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 communicate with 和…… 交流 动词短语，作谓语 We communicate with each other by WeChat. keep in touch with 与…… 保持联系 侧重长久维持联络 I keep in touch with my old friends. 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 satisfied 感到满意的 修饰人 He is satisfied with his new life. satisfying 令人满意的 修饰事物 It is a satisfying trip. 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 used to do 过去常常做（现在不做） 后接动词原形 People used to live in poor houses. be used to doing 习惯于做某事 to 是介词，后接 doing He is used to living in the big city. 三、语法易错点 1. 现在完成时 + since /for ✅ since + 时间点；for + 时间段 ⚠不能和明确过去时间（…ago, in 2010）连用。 ❌ I have kept in touch with him three years ago. ✅ I have kept in touch with him for three years. 2. 不可数名词 progress 高频错题 ❌ We have made a great progress. ✅ We have made great progress. 3. keep 短语考点 keep in touch with sb. 与某人保持联系（中考听力单选高频） 拓展：lose touch with sb. 和某人失去联系 4. 数量表达复习 具体数字 + million（不加 s） millions of + 名词复数（数百万，加 s 加 of） 5. used to 句型（听力填空常考） 肯定：主语 + used to do… 否定：didn’t use to do… 疑问：Did … use to do…? ⚠ used to 后面必须动词原形，禁止 doing。 四、本课时高频易错句子（听力挖空易错） People’s living conditions have improved greatly.人们的生活条件已经大大改善。 They couldn’t communicate with others far away in the past.过去他们无法和远方的人交流。 Great progress has been made in our hometown.我们家乡取得了巨大进步。 We keep in touch with each other by phone now.我们现在通过电话互相保持联系。 $