Unit 1 课时1 Section A 1a-1d（知识清单）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了Unit 1 The Changing World Section A (1a-1d)的核心内容。从必背词汇如bring about、rough等短语和形容词入手，逐步延伸到必会考点，涵盖take place用法、show的多义及搭配、Could you please...句型、现在完成时、since引导的时间状语从句等，形成从基础词汇到语法应用的学习支架。 知识链路按“词汇—句型—语法—辨析”逻辑展开，每个考点配“妙辨异同”明晰易混点，“即学即练”巩固应用，参考答案及时反馈。通过对比表格、例句解析培养思维品质，助力语言能力提升，体现“学练结合”的学科特色学习方法。

Unit 1 The Changing World Section A ( 1a-1d) 核心知识梳理 一、必背词汇 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.带来；引起（短语）：bring about 2.崎岖的（形容词）：rough 3.与...不同（短语）：be different from 4.被...覆盖（短语）：be covered with 5.发生（短语）：take place 1.带来；引起（短语）：__________________ 2.崎岖的（形容词）：__________________ 3.与...不同（短语）：__________________ 4.被...覆盖（短语）：__________________ 5.发生（短语）：__________________ 二、必会考点 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.What changes have taken place around you?你身边发生了哪些变化？ take place 发生 为不及物动词短语，无被动语态。 The basketball game will take place on Sunday. 篮球比赛将在周日举行。 【妙辨异同】happen/take place 辨析 意义及用法 相同点 happen 意为“发生”，强调事情发生的偶然性。 无被动语态 take place 意为“发生”，常指预期/预定的事情发生。 【即学即练】 1.Something strange _______ (happen) to him yesterday evening. 2.The sports meeting _______ (take place) next Friday. 3.No one knows what _______ (happen) in the future. 4.Great changes _______ (take place) in our hometown over the past ten years. 5.Please tell me what _______ (happen) when you got there. 【参考答案】 1.happened 2.will take place 3.will happen 4.have taken place 5.happened 2.The photos show changes in Li Rui's hometown over the years. 这些照片展现了这些年来李瑞家乡发生的变化。 词性 中文释义 短语 / 句型 例句 动词 给…… 看；出示；展示 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. “向某人展示某物” Can you show me your new watch? = Can you show your new watch to me? 你能让我看看你的新手表吗？ 动词 引；带；领 show sb. around (sp.) “领某人参观 (某地)” Volunteers are showing the visitors around the museum. 志愿者正在带领游客参观这个博物馆。 动词 显示出；流露出 show off “炫耀” There is no need for you to show off. 你没必要炫耀。 动词 如约赶到；出现；露面 show up “出现；露面” I waited and waited, but Mary didn’t show up. 我等了又等，但是玛丽最终还是没有出现。 名词 演出 talent show “才艺表演”；talk show “脱口秀” Ellen Show is my favorite talk show.《艾伦秀》是我最喜欢的脱口秀。 名词 展览；展览会 be on show “在展览中” Many kinds of new cars are on show today. 很多种新汽车今天都参展。 【即学即练】 1.He _______ (show) me around his new school last Monday. 2.Could you _______ (show) me your new notebook? 3.There are many interesting _______ (show) in the theatre this weekend. 4.The young _______ (show) gave a wonderful performance on the stage. 5.Please pay attention to the _______ (show) time of the movie. 【参考答案】 1.showed 2.show 3.shows 4.showman 5.showing 3.Could you be our guide? —Sure, I'd love to!你可以当我们的向导吗？—— 当然，我很乐意！ 【用法详解】重点：“Could you please ...?”表示“请你……好吗？”，后接动词 原形 ，否定形式为 Could you please not do...? 。其中could表示委婉语气，不表示过去时态。 其答语如下： 肯定回答，如Yes, sure./Sure./Certainly./OK./No problem.等； 否定回答，如Sorry, I can’t./Sorry, I’m afraid not. Because ...等。 Eg.—Could you please pass me the spoon? 请你把勺子递给我好吗？ —Sure. Here you are. 当然可以，给你。 Could you please not play computer games? 请你不要玩电脑游戏了好吗？ 【即学即练】 1.Could you please _______ (pass) me the dictionary? 2.Could you please _______ (not talk) loudly in the library? 3.Could you please _______ (help) me clean the classroom? 4.Could you please _______ (turn) down the music? 5.Could you please _______ (take) out the rubbish? 【参考答案】 1.pass 2.not talk 3.help 4.turn 5.take 4.They haven't seen each other for ages!他们已经很久没有见面了！ ①see｜v.｜看见；见面 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 saw；过去分词 seen；现在分词 seeing 固定搭配：see a film 看电影；see sb. off 为某人送行 中考例句：I haven't seen my old friend since last year. ②each other相，彼此 【知识点拓展】 辨析：each other（两者互相）；one another（三者及以上互相，中考常可通用） 中考例句：We should help each other at school. ③age n.｜很长时间；年龄 【知识点拓展】词形变换：复数 ages 固定搭配：for ages 很久（口语高频短语）；at the age of 在…… 岁时 中考例句：I haven't visited my grandma for ages. ④语法考点 时态：现在完成时（haven't seen） 结构：have/has + 动词过去分词 标志：for + 时间段，表示动作持续一段时间 【即学即练】 1.I haven't _______ (see) my best friend for a long time. 2.The two girls often help _______ (each other) at school. 3.We haven't met for _______ (age)! I miss you so much. 4.You can _______ (see) many beautiful flowers in the garden in spring. 5.They started to know _______ (each other) when they were ten years of _______ (age). 【参考答案】 1.seen 2.each other 3.ages 4.see 5.each other; age 5.My father really wants to see how the place has changed since he last visited.我父亲很想看看，自从上次来过之后这个地方发生了怎样的变化。 since可作连词，引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句常用完成时。例如： I have studied English since I came here. 自从我来这里就学习英语。 I have known her since I was five years old. 自从我五岁就认识她。 【拓展】 since还可以作介词，连接一个过去的时间点或一段时间+ago。例如： She has been ill since last weekend. 她自从上周末就病了。 She has been in Wuhan since four years ago. 自从四年前她就在武汉。 【即学即练】 1.I have lived in this town _______ 2016. 2.She has learned English _______ five years. 3.They haven’t seen each other _______ last summer. 4.My father has worked here _______ a long time. 5.We have kept this cat _______ we moved here. 【参考答案】 1.since 2.for 3.since 4.for 5.since 6.What do you think of your trip so far?到目前为止，你觉得这次旅途怎么样？ ①trip｜/trɪp/｜n.｜旅行，旅途 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：复数 trips 固定搭配：a trip to… 去…… 的旅行；school trip 学校郊游 易混辨析：trip（短途出行、旅途）；travel（泛指长途旅行，不可数 / 动词）；journey（长途陆路行程） 中考例句：We will take a trip to the mountain next month. ②think of认为；觉得 【知识点拓展】 核心句型：What do you think of…? = How do you like…? 你认为…… 怎么样？ 拓展搭配：think of 想到；想起 中考例句：What do you think of the new movie? ③so far到目前为止 【知识点拓展】时态考点：常与现在完成时连用 中考例句：We have learned 1,000 English words so far. 【即学即练】 1.What do you _______ (think) of the plan for the coming _______ (trip)? 2.We have visited three cities _______ (far) on our trip. 3.You can _______ (think) carefully before you go on the _______ (trip). 4.How many _______ (trip) have you taken _______ (far)? 5.I often _______ (think) of the happy days during my last _______ (trip). 【参考答案】1.think；trip 2.so far 3.think；trip 4.trips；so far 5.think；trip 7.When I was a child, the bus took nearly 40 minutes over rough roads to get to school. 在我小时候，公交车要在崎岖的道路上行驶将近 40 分钟才能到学校。 ①take v.｜花费（时间） 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 took；过去分词 taken；现在分词 taking 固定搭配：It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事 易混辨析：take/spend/cost/pay 单词 用法 结构 pay 花钱，主语是人 某人花多少钱买某物sb. pay +钱 for sth. sth. cost sb. +钱 cost 花钱，主语是物 某物花了某人多少钱 spend 花钱/时间，主语是人 某人在某物上花费时间/金钱sb. spend +钱/时间 on sth. sb. spend +钱/时间(in)doing sth. 某人花费多少时间/金钱做某事 take 花时间，it作形式主语 做某事花费某人多长时间It takes/took sb. +时间 to do sth. ►I spent 100 yuan on the present. 我花了100元买这件礼物。 ►It took me 20 minutes to get to school. 我花了20分钟到达学校。 ►We paid 150 yuan for the meal. 这顿饭我们花了150元。 ►The schoolbag cost me 50 yuan. 这个书包花了我50元。 ②rough adj.｜崎岖的，不平坦的 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：副词 roughly；比较级 rougher；最高级 roughest 固定搭配：rough roads 崎岖的道路；rough weather 恶劣天气 中考例句：The car runs slowly on rough roads. ③get to 到达 【知识点拓展】 重点规则：get to + 地点名词；地点副词 (home/here/there) 去掉 to → get home 同义替换：arrive at/in；reach 中考例句：We get to school at seven every morning. 【即学即练】 1.It _______ (take) us nearly 40 minutes to get to school when we were young. 2.You can _______ (get to) the park before eight o’clock if you hurry up. 3.The car moves slowly on those _______ (rough) roads. 4.We _______ (get to) the station at nine last night. 5.How long does it _______ (take) you to walk to school every day? 6.This road is much _______ (rough) than that one. 【参考答案】1.took 2.get to 3.rough 4.got to 5.take 6.rougher 8.We used to have to travel far to see a doctor, but now our town has built a new hospital. 过去我们常常要走很远去看病，但现在我们镇上新建了一所医院。 ①【详解】used to 意为“过去常常”，表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不再发生或不存在，侧重于过去与现在的对比。 【妙辨异同】used to do sth. /be used to (doing) sth. /be used to do sth. 辨析 意义及用法 used to do sth.  意为“过去经常做某事(现在不做了)”，to 为不定式符号，后接动词原形，只用于过去时态。 be used to (doing) sth.  意为“习惯于(做)某事”，to是介词，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 be used to do sth.  意为“被用来做某事”，是被动语态，不定式表示目的。 【即学即练】 1.He _______ (play) basketball after school when he was young. 2.They _______ (not) swim in this river in the past. 3.My sister used to _______ (hate) vegetables, but now she likes them. 4._______ your father _______ (smoke) a lot years ago? 5.There _______ (be) lots of trees here. 6.I didn’t use to _______ (travel) to other cities. 【参考答案】1.used to play 2.didn’t use to 3.hate 4.Did; use to smoke 5.used to be 6.travel ②build的词义及用法 含义1：建造；修建（具体物体，如房屋、桥梁、建筑等） Workers are building a new school in our neighborhood. （工人们正在我们小区里建一所新学校。） 含义2：建立；创建（抽象事物，如关系、信任、习惯等） We need to build a good relationship with our classmates. （我们需要和同学建立良好的关系。） 含义3：增强；培养（能力、体质等）。 Regular exercise can help build a strong body. （规律锻炼有助于增强体质。） building 名词（n.）建筑物；楼房 There are many tall buildings in the city center. （市中心有很多高楼大厦。） builder 名词（n.）建筑工人；建造者 The builder helped us fix the broken wall. （建筑工人帮我们修好了破墙。） 【即学即练】 1. My grandfather _______ (build) a small wooden house in the countryside 20 years ago. 2. We should _______ (build) trust with our friends by being honest. 3. There are many modern _______ (build) in the new area of our city. 4. My uncle is a _______ (build) and he worked on many building projects. 5. Regular running can _______ (build) up your strength and make you healthier. 【参考答案】1. built 2. build 3. buildings 4. builder 5. build 9.We didn't have any such places for shopping until 10 years ago.直到十年前，我们才有这类购物场所。 ①such adj.｜这样的，这类 【知识点拓展】 固定搭配：such + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词；such places 这类地方 易混辨析：such & so such 修饰名词短语；so 修饰形容词 / 副词 中考例句：I have never seen such beautiful flowers. ②place n.场所，地方 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：复数 places 固定搭配：places for shopping 购物场所；take place 发生；in place 在适当位置 中考例句：This is a good place for reading. ③until prep./conj.｜直到…… 为止 【知识点拓展】 核心考点：not…until… 直到…… 才……（中考高频句型） 中考例句：He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework. 【即学即练】 1.We have never seen _______ (such) beautiful shopping _______ (place) before. 2.He won’t leave the _______ (place) _______ (until) his mother comes back. 3.There are many different _______ (place) for fun in the city. 4.I didn’t know _______ (such) a good _______ (place) _______ (until) last month. 5.You can’t find _______ (such) quiet _______ (place) in the centre of the town. 6.Wait here _______ (until) I come back, and don’t go to other _______ (place). 【参考答案】 1.such；places 2.place；until 3.places 4.such；place；until 5.such；places 6.until；places 10.They used to be covered with sand.这里过去到处都是沙土。 cover｜/ˈkʌvə(r)/｜v.｜覆盖 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 covered；过去分词 covered；现在分词 covering 固定搭配：be covered with 被…… 覆盖 中考例句：The ground is covered with snow in winter. 【即学即练】 1.The mountain _______ (be covered with) white snow in winter. 2.Look! The ground _______ (be covered with) fallen leaves. 3.Many years ago, this area _______ (be covered with) sand. 4.The desks _______ (not be covered with) books now. 5.If it snows tomorrow, the roads _______ (be covered with) snow. 【参考答案】 1.is covered with 2.is covered with 3.was covered with 4.aren’t covered with 5.will be covered with 1. 易混短语：used to do /be used to doing /be used to do used to do sth. 过去常常做某事（现在不再） be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 例句：He used to ride bikes. He is used to getting up early. Wood is used to make paper. 2. 易混动词：happen /take place happen：偶然发生，无被动语态 take place：有计划、安排的事件发生，无被动语态 易错点：不能说 be happened /be taken place 3. 短语辨析：for ages /for a long time for ages 口语表达：很久，许久（本课重点） for a long time 通用书面语：很长一段时间 4. 句型考点：What do you think of…? = How do you like…? 含义：你认为…… 怎么样？ 易错陷阱： ❌ How do you think of…（错误搭配） ✅ What do you think of… ✅ How do you like… 5. 连词辨析：for /since（现在完成时标志） for + 一段时间 since + 时间点 / 过去动作 例：for 10 years ; since 2016 ; since I was young 6. 固定句型：not…until… 直到…… 才…… 易错翻译误区：不要直译为 “直到…… 不” 例句：I didn’t go home until 8 p.m. 直到晚上八点我才回家。 7. 动词辨析：get to /arrive (at/in) /reach get to + 地点名词；地点副词 (home/here/there) 去掉 to arrive at + 小地点；arrive in + 大地点 reach 直接加地点，不加介词 8. 词汇辨析：trip /travel/journey trip：短途旅行、出行（本课 trip 旅途） journey：长途陆路行程 travel：动词 / 不可数名词，泛指旅行 9. 固定搭配：be covered with 含义：被…… 覆盖（强调状态） 拓展：be covered by 被…… 遮盖（强调动作执行者） 易错：不要遗漏 be 动词 10. such 用法 such + (形容词)+ 名词 so + 形容词 / 副词 such places 这类地方 $Unit 1 The Changing World Section A ( 1a-1d) 核心知识梳理 一、必背词汇 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.带来；引起（短语）：bring about 2.崎岖的（形容词）：rough 3.与...不同（短语）：be different from 4.被...覆盖（短语）：be covered with 5.发生（短语）：take place 1.带来；引起（短语）：__________________ 2.崎岖的（形容词）：__________________ 3.与...不同（短语）：__________________ 4.被...覆盖（短语）：__________________ 5.发生（短语）：__________________ 二、必会考点 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.What changes have taken place around you?你身边发生了哪些变化？ take place 发生 为不及物动词短语，无被动语态。 The basketball game will take place on Sunday. 篮球比赛将在周日举行。 【妙辨异同】happen/take place 辨析 意义及用法 相同点 happen 意为“发生”，强调事情发生的偶然性。 无被动语态 take place 意为“发生”，常指预期/预定的事情发生。 【即学即练】 1.Something strange _______ (happen) to him yesterday evening. 2.The sports meeting _______ (take place) next Friday. 3.No one knows what _______ (happen) in the future. 4.Great changes _______ (take place) in our hometown over the past ten years. 5.Please tell me what _______ (happen) when you got there. 2.The photos show changes in Li Rui's hometown over the years. 这些照片展现了这些年来李瑞家乡发生的变化。 词性 中文释义 短语 / 句型 例句 动词 给…… 看；出示；展示 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. “向某人展示某物” Can you show me your new watch? = Can you show your new watch to me? 你能让我看看你的新手表吗？ 动词 引；带；领 show sb. around (sp.) “领某人参观 (某地)” Volunteers are showing the visitors around the museum. 志愿者正在带领游客参观这个博物馆。 动词 显示出；流露出 show off “炫耀” There is no need for you to show off. 你没必要炫耀。 动词 如约赶到；出现；露面 show up “出现；露面” I waited and waited, but Mary didn’t show up. 我等了又等，但是玛丽最终还是没有出现。 名词 演出 talent show “才艺表演”；talk show “脱口秀” Ellen Show is my favorite talk show.《艾伦秀》是我最喜欢的脱口秀。 名词 展览；展览会 be on show “在展览中” Many kinds of new cars are on show today. 很多种新汽车今天都参展。 【即学即练】 1.He _______ (show) me around his new school last Monday. 2.Could you _______ (show) me your new notebook? 3.There are many interesting _______ (show) in the theatre this weekend. 4.The young _______ (show) gave a wonderful performance on the stage. 5.Please pay attention to the _______ (show) time of the movie. 3.Could you be our guide? —Sure, I'd love to!你可以当我们的向导吗？—— 当然，我很乐意！ 【用法详解】重点：“Could you please ...?”表示“请你……好吗？”，后接动词 ____，否定形式为 _________________。其中could表示委婉语气，不表示过去时态。 其答语如下： 肯定回答，如Yes, sure./Sure./Certainly./OK./No problem.等； 否定回答，如Sorry, I can’t./Sorry, I’m afraid not. Because ...等。 Eg.—Could you please pass me the spoon? 请你把勺子递给我好吗？ —Sure. Here you are. 当然可以，给你。 Could you please not play computer games? 请你不要玩电脑游戏了好吗？ 【即学即练】 1.Could you please _______ (pass) me the dictionary? 2.Could you please _______ (not talk) loudly in the library? 3.Could you please _______ (help) me clean the classroom? 4.Could you please _______ (turn) down the music? 5.Could you please _______ (take) out the rubbish? 4.They haven't seen each other for ages!他们已经很久没有见面了！ ①see｜v.｜看见；见面 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 saw；过去分词 seen；现在分词 seeing 固定搭配：see a film 看电影；see sb. off 为某人送行 中考例句：I haven't seen my old friend since last year. ②each other相，彼此 【知识点拓展】 辨析：each other（两者互相）；one another（三者及以上互相，中考常可通用） 中考例句：We should help each other at school. ③age n.｜很长时间；年龄 【知识点拓展】词形变换：复数 ages 固定搭配：for ages 很久（口语高频短语）；at the age of 在…… 岁时 中考例句：I haven't visited my grandma for ages. ④语法考点 时态：现在完成时（haven't seen） 结构：have/has + 动词过去分词 标志：for + 时间段，表示动作持续一段时间 【即学即练】 1.I haven't _______ (see) my best friend for a long time. 2.The two girls often help _______ (each other) at school. 3.We haven't met for _______ (age)! I miss you so much. 4.You can _______ (see) many beautiful flowers in the garden in spring. 5.They started to know _______ (each other) when they were ten years of _______ (age). 5.My father really wants to see how the place has changed since he last visited.我父亲很想看看，自从上次来过之后这个地方发生了怎样的变化。 since可作连词，引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句常用完成时。例如： I have studied English since I came here. 自从我来这里就学习英语。 I have known her since I was five years old. 自从我五岁就认识她。 【拓展】 since还可以作介词，连接一个过去的时间点或一段时间+ago。例如： She has been ill since last weekend. 她自从上周末就病了。 She has been in Wuhan since four years ago. 自从四年前她就在武汉。 【即学即练】 1.I have lived in this town _______ 2016. 2.She has learned English _______ five years. 3.They haven’t seen each other _______ last summer. 4.My father has worked here _______ a long time. 5.We have kept this cat _______ we moved here. 6.What do you think of your trip so far?到目前为止，你觉得这次旅途怎么样？ ①trip｜/trɪp/｜n.｜旅行，旅途 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：复数 trips 固定搭配：a trip to… 去…… 的旅行；school trip 学校郊游 易混辨析：trip（短途出行、旅途）；travel（泛指长途旅行，不可数 / 动词）；journey（长途陆路行程） 中考例句：We will take a trip to the mountain next month. ②think of认为；觉得 【知识点拓展】 核心句型：What do you think of…? = How do you like…? 你认为…… 怎么样？ 拓展搭配：think of 想到；想起 中考例句：What do you think of the new movie? ③so far到目前为止 【知识点拓展】时态考点：常与现在完成时连用 中考例句：We have learned 1,000 English words so far. 【即学即练】 1.What do you _______ (think) of the plan for the coming _______ (trip)? 2.We have visited three cities _______ (far) on our trip. 3.You can _______ (think) carefully before you go on the _______ (trip). 4.How many _______ (trip) have you taken _______ (far)? 5.I often _______ (think) of the happy days during my last _______ (trip). 7.When I was a child, the bus took nearly 40 minutes over rough roads to get to school. 在我小时候，公交车要在崎岖的道路上行驶将近 40 分钟才能到学校。 ①take v.｜花费（时间） 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 took；过去分词 taken；现在分词 taking 固定搭配：It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事 易混辨析：take/spend/cost/pay 单词 用法 结构 pay 花钱，主语是人 某人花多少钱买某物 cost 花钱，主语是物 某物花了某人多少钱 spend 花钱/时间，主语是人 某人在某物上花费时间/金钱 某人花费多少时间/金钱做某事 take 花时间，it作形式主语 做某事花费某人多长时间 ►I spent 100 yuan on the present. 我花了100元买这件礼物。 ►It took me 20 minutes to get to school. 我花了20分钟到达学校。 ►We paid 150 yuan for the meal. 这顿饭我们花了150元。 ►The schoolbag cost me 50 yuan. 这个书包花了我50元。 ②rough adj.｜崎岖的，不平坦的 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：副词 roughly；比较级 rougher；最高级 roughest 固定搭配：rough roads 崎岖的道路；rough weather 恶劣天气 中考例句：The car runs slowly on rough roads. ③get to 到达 【知识点拓展】 重点规则：get to + 地点名词；地点副词 (home/here/there) 去掉 to → get home 同义替换：arrive at/in；reach 中考例句：We get to school at seven every morning. 【即学即练】 1.It _______ (take) us nearly 40 minutes to get to school when we were young. 2.You can _______ (get to) the park before eight o’clock if you hurry up. 3.The car moves slowly on those _______ (rough) roads. 4.We _______ (get to) the station at nine last night. 5.How long does it _______ (take) you to walk to school every day? 6.This road is much _______ (rough) than that one. 8.We used to have to travel far to see a doctor, but now our town has built a new hospital. 过去我们常常要走很远去看病，但现在我们镇上新建了一所医院。 ①【详解】used to 意为“过去常常”，表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不再发生或不存在，侧重于过去与现在的对比。 【妙辨异同】used to do sth. /be used to (doing) sth. /be used to do sth. 辨析 意义及用法 used to do sth.  意为“过去经常做某事(现在不做了)”，to 为不定式符号，后接动词原形，只用于过去时态。 be used to (doing) sth.  意为“习惯于(做)某事”，to是介词，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 be used to do sth.  意为“被用来做某事”，是被动语态，不定式表示目的。 【即学即练】 1.He _______ (play) basketball after school when he was young. 2.They _______ (not) swim in this river in the past. 3.My sister used to _______ (hate) vegetables, but now she likes them. 4._______ your father _______ (smoke) a lot years ago? 5.There _______ (be) lots of trees here. 6.I didn’t use to _______ (travel) to other cities. ②build的词义及用法 含义1：建造；修建（具体物体，如房屋、桥梁、建筑等） Workers are building a new school in our neighborhood. （工人们正在我们小区里建一所新学校。） 含义2：建立；创建（抽象事物，如关系、信任、习惯等） We need to build a good relationship with our classmates. （我们需要和同学建立良好的关系。） 含义3：增强；培养（能力、体质等）。 Regular exercise can help build a strong body. （规律锻炼有助于增强体质。） building 名词（n.）建筑物；楼房 There are many tall buildings in the city center. （市中心有很多高楼大厦。） builder 名词（n.）建筑工人；建造者 The builder helped us fix the broken wall. （建筑工人帮我们修好了破墙。） 【即学即练】 1. My grandfather _______ (build) a small wooden house in the countryside 20 years ago. 2. We should _______ (build) trust with our friends by being honest. 3. There are many modern _______ (build) in the new area of our city. 4. My uncle is a _______ (build) and he worked on many building projects. 5. Regular running can _______ (build) up your strength and make you healthier. 9.We didn't have any such places for shopping until 10 years ago.直到十年前，我们才有这类购物场所。 ①such adj.｜这样的，这类 【知识点拓展】 固定搭配：such + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词；such places 这类地方 易混辨析：such & so such 修饰名词短语；so 修饰形容词 / 副词 中考例句：I have never seen such beautiful flowers. ②place n.场所，地方 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：复数 places 固定搭配：places for shopping 购物场所；take place 发生；in place 在适当位置 中考例句：This is a good place for reading. ③until prep./conj.｜直到…… 为止 【知识点拓展】 核心考点：not…until… 直到…… 才……（中考高频句型） 中考例句：He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework. 【即学即练】 1.We have never seen _______ (such) beautiful shopping _______ (place) before. 2.He won’t leave the _______ (place) _______ (until) his mother comes back. 3.There are many different _______ (place) for fun in the city. 4.I didn’t know _______ (such) a good _______ (place) _______ (until) last month. 5.You can’t find _______ (such) quiet _______ (place) in the centre of the town. 6.Wait here _______ (until) I come back, and don’t go to other _______ (place). 10.They used to be covered with sand.这里过去到处都是沙土。 cover｜/ˈkʌvə(r)/｜v.｜覆盖 【知识点拓展】 词形变换：过去式 covered；过去分词 covered；现在分词 covering 固定搭配：be covered with 被…… 覆盖 中考例句：The ground is covered with snow in winter. 【即学即练】 1.The mountain _______ (be covered with) white snow in winter. 2.Look! The ground _______ (be covered with) fallen leaves. 3.Many years ago, this area _______ (be covered with) sand. 4.The desks _______ (not be covered with) books now. 5.If it snows tomorrow, the roads _______ (be covered with) snow. 1. 易混短语：used to do /be used to doing /be used to do used to do sth. 过去常常做某事（现在不再） be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 例句：He used to ride bikes. He is used to getting up early. Wood is used to make paper. 2. 易混动词：happen /take place happen：偶然发生，无被动语态 take place：有计划、安排的事件发生，无被动语态 易错点：不能说 be happened /be taken place 3. 短语辨析：for ages /for a long time for ages 口语表达：很久，许久（本课重点） for a long time 通用书面语：很长一段时间 4. 句型考点：What do you think of…? = How do you like…? 含义：你认为…… 怎么样？ 易错陷阱： ❌ How do you think of…（错误搭配） ✅ What do you think of… ✅ How do you like… 5. 连词辨析：for /since（现在完成时标志） for + 一段时间 since + 时间点 / 过去动作 例：for 10 years ; since 2016 ; since I was young 6. 固定句型：not…until… 直到…… 才…… 易错翻译误区：不要直译为 “直到…… 不” 例句：I didn’t go home until 8 p.m. 直到晚上八点我才回家。 7. 动词辨析：get to /arrive (at/in) /reach get to + 地点名词；地点副词 (home/here/there) 去掉 to arrive at + 小地点；arrive in + 大地点 reach 直接加地点，不加介词 8. 词汇辨析：trip /travel/journey trip：短途旅行、出行（本课 trip 旅途） journey：长途陆路行程 travel：动词 / 不可数名词，泛指旅行 9. 固定搭配：be covered with 含义：被…… 覆盖（强调状态） 拓展：be covered by 被…… 遮盖（强调动作执行者） 易错：不要遗漏 be 动词 10. such 用法 such + (形容词)+ 名词 so + 形容词 / 副词 such places 这类地方 $