Unit 1 Helping at home（知识清单）-2026-2027学年人教PEP版英语四年级上册

该小学英语知识清单系统梳理了人教PEP版四年级上册Unit 1 "Helping at home"的核心内容，涵盖四会/三会单词、核心短语、必考句型、语音辨音及易混易错专项，为学生搭建了从词汇积累到句型运用再到语音辨析的阶梯式学习支架。 清单通过分类分级呈现知识体系，四会单词标注“核心必背”并附谐音联想记忆法，如“job”谐音“找补”帮助记忆，三会单词侧重认读过关，体现语言能力培养。设置“易混易错专项”，如辨析“cook”与“cooker”的词性差异，搭配“情景主题小语段”实现知识综合运用，助力学生提升学习能力。教师可利用“核心短语速查表”和“挖空辨音习题”设计分层教学，学生能通过“易混词对比速查表”自主梳理知识，高效复习。

2026秋人教（三起点）PEP版四年级上册知识清单 Unit 1 Helping at home ① 四会 / 三会单词全掌握 💡 四会 = 听·说·读·写全掌握 三会 = 听·说·读要过关 🔴 四会单词（核心必背） job /dʒɒb/ 工作；职业 课本：What's your mother's job? 💡 "job”谐音“找补”→找工作来补贴家用 doctor /ˈdɒktə(r)/ 医生 课本：She's a doctor. 💡 "doc”像“倒扣”→医生给病人倒扣听诊器 farmer /ˈfɑːmə(r)/ 农场主；农民 课本：My grandpa is a farmer. 💡 "farm”农场+er人→在农场工作的人 nurse /nɜːs/ 护士 课本：The nurse helps many people. 💡 "nur”像“扭”→护士给病人扭毛巾敷额头 busy /ˈbɪzi/ 忙碌的 课本：Mum and Dad are busy and tired. 💡 "bu”不+"sy”休息→不休息=忙碌的 tired /ˈtaɪəd/ 疲倦的 课本：They are busy and tired. 💡 "ti”提+"red”红→累得脸都提红了 chore /tʃɔː(r)/ 家庭杂务 课本：We can do some chores. 💡 "cho”像“抽”+"re”热→抽出时间做热活=家务 cook /kʊk/ 烹饪；煮 课本：We cook together. 💡 "oo”像两口锅→厨师用两口锅做饭 clean /kliːn/ 打扫；干净的 课本：I clean my room every week. 💡 "clea”像“可立”→打扫干净才可立正 room /ruːm/ 房间 课本：I clean my room. 💡 "oo”像房间的两扇圆窗户 sweep /swiːp/ 扫 课本：Can you sweep the floor? 💡 "swee”像“使力”→使力挥动扫帚扫地 floor /flɔː(r)/ 地板；地面 课本：Sweep the floor. 💡 "fl”像“伏立”→伏在地上立足=地板 together /təˈɡeðə(r)/ 在一起；共同 课本：We cook together. 💡 "to”到+"get”得到+"her”她→到一起得到她=团聚 people /ˈpiːpl/ 人；人们 课本：The nurse helps many people. 💡 "peo”像“皮偶”→皮影戏里好多人偶 child /tʃaɪld/ 儿童；小孩 课本：The child is cleaning the window. 💡 "chi”吃+"ld”老的→吃成老人？不，是小孩！ children /ˈtʃɪldrən/ 儿童（复数） 课本：There are many children in the park. 💡 不是加s！特殊变化：child→children 🔵 三会单词（认读过关） PE /ˌpiː ˈiː/ 体育（课） 课本：I have PE today. 💡 P.E. = Physical Education 体育课 office worker /ˈɒfɪs ˈwɜːkə(r)/ 公司职员 课本：My aunt is an office worker. 💡 office办公室+worker工人→办公室工人 factory worker /ˈfæktri ˈwɜːkə(r)/ 工厂工人 课本：My uncle is a factory worker. 💡 factory工厂+worker工人→在工厂干活的人 also /ˈɔːlsəʊ/ 也 课本：I also like bananas. 💡 "all”所有+"so”如此→所有如此=也是 look after /lʊk ˈɑːftə(r)/ 照顾 课本：I can look after my sister. 💡 look看+after后面→跟在后面看着=照顾 helpful /ˈhelpfl/ 有帮助的；有用的 课本：You are so helpful! 💡 help帮助+ful充满→充满帮助的=乐于助人 ② 核心短语速查表 [必考] 短语 含义 课本原句 / 用法 do some chores 做一些家务 We can do some chores at home. sweep the floor 扫地 Can you sweep the floor? It's dirty. clean the room 打扫房间 I clean the room every day. look after 照顾；照料 I can look after my little sister. cook together 一起做饭 We cook together in the kitchen. help at home 在家帮忙 Can your brother help at home? be busy and tired 又忙又累 Mum and Dad are busy and tired. have fun 玩得开心 We have fun doing chores together. work in a factory 在工厂工作 My uncle works in a factory. help many people 帮助很多人 The nurse helps many people. ③ 必考句型精讲精练 [重点][难点] 【句型A：询问职业】 What's sb.'s job? 基础句：What's your mother's job? → She's a nurse. 拓展改写：What's your father's job? → He's a doctor. → 替换词：mother/father/uncle/aunt/grandpa → nurse/doctor/farmer/office worker/factory worker 【句型B：表达能力】 Can + 主语 + 动词原形？ 基础句：Can you sweep the floor? → Yes, I can. / No, I can't. 拓展改写：Can she cook dinner? → Yes, she can. She can cook eggs. ⚠️ 注意：can后面永远跟动词原形，不加s/es！ 【句型C：描述人物状态】 主语 + be + 形容词 基础句：Mum and Dad are busy and tired. 拓展改写：My teacher is kind and helpful. / The children are happy and excited. → 并列形容词用 and 连接，描述人物多重状态 【句型D：提出建议/帮助】 What can we do for...? 基础句：What can we do for them? → We can do some chores. 拓展改写：What can I do for you, Mum? → You can clean your room. → for 后面接人称代词宾格：him/her/them/us/me 【句型E：描述家庭活动】 主语 + 动词短语 基础句：I look after my sister. / We cook together. 拓展改写：My brother and I sweep the floor together. → 第三人称单数主语（he/she/it）动词要加-s/-es ④ 语音辨音专项 [难点] 📌 本单元语音重点：字母组合 ch 发 /tʃ/ 音（类似“吃”的起始音），要与 sh /ʃ/（类似“师”）严格区分！ 🔍 对比辨析 /tʃ/ 字母组合：ch /ʃ/ 字母组合：sh teacher /ˈtiːtʃə(r)/ 教师 China /ˈtʃaɪnə/ 中国 chair /tʃeə(r)/ 椅子 lunch /lʌntʃ/ 午餐 chicken /ˈtʃɪkɪn/ 鸡肉 child /tʃaɪld/ 小孩 chore /tʃɔː(r)/ 家务 she /ʃiː/ 她 ship /ʃɪp/ 轮船 shop /ʃɒp/ 商店 fish /fɪʃ/ 鱼 wash /wɒʃ/ 洗 dish /dɪʃ/ 盘子 shoe /ʃuː/ 鞋子 ✏️ 挖空辨音习题 根据音标，在横线上填入 ch 或 sh，完成单词。 1. tea___er /ˈtiː___ə(r)/ 教师 2. ___ip /___ɪp/ 轮船 3. ___air /___eə(r)/ 椅子 4. fi___ /fɪ___/ 鱼 5. ___ild /___aɪld/ 小孩 6. wa___ /wɒ___/ 洗 7. ___ore /___ɔː(r)/ 家务 8. ___e /___iː/ 她 💡 辨音口诀：ch是“吃”（舌头抵住上齿龈），sh是“师”（舌头卷起送气）；ch用力冲，sh轻轻送！ ⑤ 单元易混易错专项 [高频错题] ⚠️ 易错点 1：cook 的词性混淆 ❌ 错误：My mother is a cooker. She can cook dinner.（第二句对，第一句易混） ✅ 正解：cook 作动词 = 烹饪；作名词 = 厨师。My mother is a cook.（厨师）/ She cooks dinner.（做饭） 🔍 辨析：cooker 是“炊具”，不是人！ ✓ 记忆：cook 厨师会 cook 做饭，用 cooker 炊具。 ⚠️ 易错点 2：clean 动词 vs 形容词 ❌ 错误：I clean the room. The room is clean.（学生常分不清两个clean） ✅ 正解：clean 作动词 = 打扫（有动作）；作形容词 = 干净的（表状态）。 I clean（动词）my room. → The room is clean（形容词）。 ✓ 口诀：动词clean有动作，形容词clean表结果。 ⚠️ 易错点 3：child 的复数变化 ❌ 错误：There are many childs in the park.（直接加s是错的！） ✅ 正解：child 的复数是 children /ˈtʃɪldrən/属于不规则变化。 类似：man→men, woman→women, foot→feet, tooth→teeth ✓ 记忆：小孩（child）爱热闹，变复数把ren找。 ⚠️ 易错点 4：can 后面动词形式 ❌ 错误：He can cleans the room. / She can cooks eggs. ✅ 正解：情态动词 can 后面必须跟动词原形，不加s！ He can clean the room. / She can cook eggs. ✓ 口诀：can是情态小霸王，后面动词用原形，谁也不许加s！ ⚠️ 易错点 5：job vs work 辨析 ❌ 错误：What's your father's work?（work不能这样用） ✅ 正解：job 是可数名词，指具体的职业/职位；work 作不可数名词时指“工作”这个概念。 问职业用：What's your father's job? ✓ 不说：What's your father's work? ✗ ✓ 记忆：问职业用job（可数），谈工作用work（不可数）。 ★ 独家创新：单元主题情景小语段 🏠 情景主题：A Helpful Family（乐于助人的一家人） Hello! My name is Tom. I have a happy family. My father is a doctor. He works in a big hospital and helps many people every day. My mother is a nurse. She is very busy and tired after work. My grandpa is a farmer. He has a small farm with many animals. My uncle is a factory worker. He makes toys in a factory. My aunt is an office worker. She works on a computer. Today, Mum and Dad come home late. They look tired. I ask my sister, "What can we do for them?" My sister says, "We can do some chores!" I sweep the floor and clean my room. My sister cooks noodles with grandma. We work together. Mum smiles and says, "You are so helpful!" We all have fun at home! 📝 语段任务：① 找出文中所有职业名称并分类 ② 用“What can we do for...?"仿写一段话 ★ 独家创新：易混词对比速查表 对比组 词A 词B 记忆区分法 职业类 doctor 医生 治病救人 nurse 护士 协助医生 doctor开药方，nurse来执行；医生穿白大褂，护士戴护士帽 职业类 farmer 农民 种庄稼 worker 工人 工厂/办公室 farmer在farm农场，worker在factory/office 动作类 cook 烹饪 动词/厨师 clean 打扫 动词/干净的 cook用火（oo像锅），clean用水（打扫要用水） 状态类 busy 忙碌的 事情多 tired 疲倦的 身体累 busy是“忙”（动作多），tired是“累”（没力气） 名词复数 child 单数 /tʃaɪld/ children 复数 /ˈtʃɪldrən/ 不是加s！特殊变化：child→children（ren像“人们”） 情态动词 can 能/会 +动词原形 can't 不能 can not缩写 can是肯定“能”，can't加not变否定“不能” 同义词 look after 照顾 take care of 照顾 look after = take care of，后面都接“人/物” 巩固小练习 1. 选出不同类的一项：（ ） A. doctor B. farmer C. floor D. nurse 2. — What's your father's job? — ______（ ） A. He is tall. B. He is a doctor. C. He likes apples. D. He is 35. 3. Mum and Dad are busy ______ tired.( ) A. or B. but C. and D. so 4. — Can you sweep the floor? — ______（ ） A. Yes, I do. B. Yes, I can. C. Yes, I am. D. Yes, I did. 5. 选出划线部分发音不同的一项：（ ） A. teacher B. chair C. chore D. she 6. There are many ______ in the park.( ) A. childs B. child C. children D. a child 7. — What can we do for them? — We can ______.( ) A. do some chores B. does some chores C. doing some chores D. did some chores 8. My uncle is a ______. He works in a factory.( ) A. doctor B. farmer C. factory worker D. office worker 9. 选出与“look after”意思相同的一项：（ ） A. look at B. take care of C. look for D. look like 10. 判断正误：“cook”作名词时意思是“厨师”，“cooker”意思是“炊具”。（ ） A. 正确 B. 错误 📋 参考答案与解析 辨音参考答案：1. ch 2. sh 3. ch 4. sh 5. ch 6. sh 7. ch 8. sh 情景小语段参考答案： ① 找出文中所有职业名称并分类 职业单词摘抄：doctor（医生）、nurse（护士）、farmer（农民）、factory worker（工厂工人）、office worker（办公室职员） 分类 医疗类：doctor，nurse 农业类：farmer 工厂务工：factory worker 办公室办公：office worker ② 用“What can we do for...?"仿写一段话 Hello, I'm Lily. My parents are tired. "What can we do for them?" I ask my brother. "We can do some chores," he says. I clean the room. We are helpful. 巩固小练习 1.C 解析：floor 板；A/B/D 都是职业，选不同类 floor。 2.B 解析：问句 “What's your father's job?” 询问职业，回答 “He is a + 职业”。 3.C 解析：and 连接两个并列形容词 busy and tired 又忙又累。 4.B 解析：Can you…? 一般疑问句，肯定回答 Yes, I can. 5.D 解析：A/B/C 划线 ch 发 /tʃ/；D 选项 she 字母 sh 发 /ʃ/，发音不同。 6.C 解析：child 小孩，复数不规则变化 children，many 后接复数名词。 7.A 解析：情态动词 can 后面必须接动词原形，can do some chores。 8.C 解析：factory worker 工厂工人；句中 works in a factory 在工厂工作对应。 9.B 解析：look after = take care of 照顾；look at 看，look for 寻找，look like 看起来像。 10.A 解析：cook 动词 “烹饪”/ 名词 “厨师”；cooker 指炊具，不是厨师，这句话表述正确。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $