7. 并列句和状语从句 直通新高考英语初升高精讲精练

**基本信息** 以“初中简单句到高中复杂句”为衔接点，通过分类辨析与系统梳理，构建并列句和状语从句“概念-用法-应用”的完整方法体系，提升语言理解与表达能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |并列句|即时练习5题|按功能分类（并列递进/转折对比/选择/因果），提炼连词差异（如and顺承、while对比）|从概念定义到分类辨析，结合汉译英练习强化应用| |状语从句|对点练习6题+课后练习15题|九类从句引导词系统梳理，总结易错点（如because不与so连用）|按功能类型（时间/地点等）构建“引导词-含义-例句”逻辑链，通过梯度练习巩固|

直通新高考英语 初升高衔接精讲精练 第七讲 并列句和状语从句 学习目标 1. 理解并列句的概念，掌握常见并列连词的用法与区别。 2. 理解状语从句的概念，掌握九类状语从句及其引导词。 3. 能在汉译英、语法填空与综合练习中正确运用并列连词和状语从句。 本讲导读 初中英语多为“一句一谓”的简单句，而高中阅读与写作里，句子被并列连词和状语从句“拉长”、变复杂。本讲先拆解并列句——用 and / but / or / so 等把简单句平等地连起来；再系统梳理状语从句的九大类型，帮你建立“看引导词、判状语类型”的反射。掌握它们，你就能在遇到长难句时快速切分结构、准确定位意思。 一、并列连词与 并列句 Coordinators & Compound Sentences 并列连词是用来连接并列的单词、短语或句子的词。由并列连词把两个或以上的简单句连接起来构成的句子叫并列句。 1. 并列连词的分类 Classification ① 表示并列、递进：and（和；并且），both...and，not only...but also，neither...nor: The lab is new and the lesson was great. 实验室是新的，而且这节课很棒。 He not only likes reading, but also enjoys writing. 他不仅喜欢阅读，而且热爱写作。 ② 表示转折表、对比：but（但是），yet（然而）, while（而而，表前后对照）： The class was difficult, but the teacher was kind and friendly. 课程很难，但老师和善友好。 The task is challenging, yet we will try our best. 任务富有挑战性，然而我们会全力以赴。 Some students love physics, while others prefer chemistry. 有些学生喜爱物理，而另一些更喜欢化学。 ③ 表示选择：or（或者；否则），either...or： Hurry up, or you will miss the class. 快点，否则你会上课迟到。 If I’m not in class, I’m either in the library or in the computer lab. 如果我不在教室上课，我要么在图书馆，要么在计算机实验室。 ④ 表示因果：so（所以），for（因为，表推断，不用于句首）； I'm not outgoing so I'm a little anxious right now. 我性格不太外向，所以此刻有点紧张。 He must be sleepy, for he keeps yawning. 他一定困了，因为他不停地打哈欠。 2. 常见并列连词辨析 Discrimination and 表顺承或结果，如“努力就会进步”；or 用于祈使句时表“否则”；but 表转折，while 表对比（“而他/她……”）；so 表结果，for 表原因。注意：for 不用于句首，且不表示直接原因而是补充说明。 即时练习 1. 努力学习，你就会取得进步。 Work hard ________ you will make progress. 2. 早点起床，否则你就会迟到。 Get up early, ________ you will be late. 3. 英语伤我千百遍，我待英语如初恋。 English hurts me thousands of times ________ I treat English as my first love. 4. 汤姆学习很努力，所以他考试成绩好。 Tom works hard, ________ he does well in his exams. 5. 他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。 He likes pop music ________ I am fond of folk music. 二、状语从句 Adverbial Clauses 在句中作状语成分的从句叫状语从句，用来修饰主句或主句谓语动词。根据意义和用途，状语从句可以分为九类。 类型 引导词 含义/说明 时间状语从句 when, while, as, before, after, since, until/till, as soon as, once 主句动作发生的时间 地点状语从句 where, wherever 动作发生的地点 原因状语从句 because, as, since, for 原因（because 语气最强） 条件状语从句 if, unless(=if not), as long as, in case 条件 目的状语从句 so that, in order that（常含 can/may） 目的 结果状语从句 so...that, such...that “如此……以至于” 让步状语从句 although/though, even if/even though, whatever/however “虽然/即使”（不与 but 连用） 方式状语从句 as, as if/as though 方式（“如同/好像”） 比较状语从句 than, as...as 比较 1. 时间状语从句 引导词：when（当……时），while（在……期间），as（一边……一边；随着），before（在……之前），after（在……之后），since（自从），until / till（直到），as soon as（一……就），once（一旦）。 When you enter senior high school, you will find many new clubs to join. 当你进入高中时，你会发现很多新社团可以加入。 While I was doing volunteer work, I made several new friends. 我在做志愿服务期间，交到了几个新朋友。 Before you choose a club, you should think about your interests. 在选择社团之前，你应该考虑自己的兴趣。 As soon as the teacher entered the classroom, the students stopped talking. 老师一走进教室，学生们就停止了交谈。 2. 地点状语从句 引导词：where（在……地方），wherever（无论何地）。 Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。 You can find English books wherever you go in this library. 在这个图书馆里，无论你走到哪里都能找到英语书。 3. 原因状语从句 引导词：because（因为，语气最强），as（由于），since（既然），for（因为，表推断）。 Since you are interested in sports, why not join the basketball club? 既然你对运动感兴趣，为什么不加入篮球社呢？ He didn't go to the concert because he had to prepare for the exam. 他没去听音乐会，因为他必须备考。 As everyone knows, regular exercise is good for our health. 众所周知，有规律的运动对我们的健康有益。 ⚠️ ⚠️ 易错提醒 because（从属连词）和 so（并列连词）不能在同一个句子中同时使用！because 引导原因状语从句，构成「从句 + 主句」的主从复合句； so 连接两个独立分句，构成并列句。 一个英语句子不能同时存在两套连词框架。 例：Because he was ill, he didn’t attend class.（用 because，不用 so） He was ill, so he didn’t attend class.（用 so，不用 because） ❌ 典型错误 Because he was ill, so he didn’t attend class. 4. 条件状语从句 引导词：if（如果），unless（除非 = if not），as long as（只要），in case（万一）。 If you practice every day, your English will improve a lot. 如果你每天练习，你的英语会大幅提高。 You won't pass the exam unless you work hard. 除非你努力学习，否则你不会通过考试。 As long as you keep trying, you will achieve your goals. 只要你不断尝试，你就会实现目标。 5. 目的状语从句 引导词：so that（以便），in order that（为了）。从句中常含情态动词 can / could / may / might。 He got up early so that he could catch the first bus. 他起得很早，以便能赶上首班公共汽车。 She reads English aloud every morning in order that she can improve her pronunciation. 她每天早晨大声朗读英语，为了能提高发音。 6. 结果状语从句 由 so...that / such...that 引导，表示“如此……以至于”。结构：so + 形容词 / 副词 + that；such + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + that。 7. 让步状语从句 引导词：although / though（虽然），even if / even though（即使），whatever / however 等。 Although the trip was tiring, we all enjoyed it. 虽然旅行很累，我们都很享受。 Even if it rains tomorrow, we will still hold the sports meeting. 即使明天下雨，我们仍然会举行运动会。 The film was so exciting that I watched it twice. 这部电影如此精彩，以至于我看了两遍。 It was such a beautiful city that I didn't want to leave. 那座城市如此美丽，以至于我不想离开。 ⚠️ ⚠️ 易错提醒 although / though 不能与 but 连用（中文常说“虽然……但是”，英文只能取其一）。 例：Although he is young, (✗but) he knows a lot. 正确：Although he is young, he knows a lot. 8. 方式状语从句 引导词：as（正如），as if / as though（好像）。 Do as the teacher tells you to do. 按照老师告诉你的那样去做。 It looks as if it is going to rain. 看起来好像要下雨了。 9. 比较状语从句 引导词：than（比），as...as（和……一样）。 He runs faster than I do. 他跑得比我快。 She is as good at English as her brother is. 她和她哥哥一样擅长英语。 对点练习 1. 当你到达北京时，请给我打电话。 ________ you arrive in Beijing, please call me. 2. 自从我们进入高中以来，已经过去了两个月。 It has been two months ________ we entered senior high school. 3. 除非你早起，否则你会错过早班车。 You will miss the early bus ________ you get up early. 4. 他起得很早，以便能赶上第一节课。 He got up early ________ he could catch the first class. 5. 这本书如此有趣，以至于我一夜读完。 The book was ________ interesting ________ I finished it in one night. 6. 尽管下着大雨，他们仍然去了博物馆。 ________ it was raining heavily, they still went to the museum. 课后练习 1. ________ you enter senior high school, you will meet many new friends. 2. I won't leave the classroom ________ I finish all my homework. 3. You will make great progress ________ you keep practising every day. 4. You can't improve your English ________ you use it in daily life. 5. ________ the weather was bad, we had to put off the sports meeting. 6. ________ he is very young, he can speak three languages. 7. He took notes carefully in class ________ he could review them later. 8. It was ________ a difficult problem ________ nobody could solve it. 9. Keep trying, ________ you will succeed one day. 10. Hurry up, ________ we will be late for school. 11. I wanted to go to the concert, ________ I had too much homework to do. 12. He got up late this morning, ________ he missed the first bus. 13. She is ________ only a good student ________ also a helpful friend. 14. You can ________ stay at home ________ go to the library with us. 15. Some students like studying alone, ________ others prefer group work. 参考答案 一、即时练习（汉译英） 1. and 2. or 3. but 4. so 5. while 二、对点练习（汉译英） 1. When / As soon as 2. since 3. unless 4. so that 5. so; that 6. Although / Though 三、课后练习 1. When 2. until 3. if 4. unless 5. Because / Since 6. Although / Though 7. so that 8. such; that 9. and 10. or 11. but 12. so 13. not; but 14. either; or 15. while 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $