Unit 6 The Admirable 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练）英语北师大版必修第二册

**基本信息** 以“Admirable人物”为主题，融合外刊阅读、词汇语法、多题型训练及写作应用，构建“输入-内化-输出”的系统性语言能力培养体系。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |外刊拓展阅读|1篇（袁隆平传记）|人物传记类文本理解|以核心人物事迹为载体，整合词汇（如hybrid, yield）与长难句（定语从句、分词作状语）| |能力培优拔高|6篇阅读+1完形+1七选五|细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意等高考核心题型|通过中外名人素材（科学家、作家等）训练跨文化理解与思维品质| |迁移应用|9句翻译+1应用文写作|句子结构转换、主题写作（中国科学家故事）|从语言输入到输出，强化家国情怀与跨文化沟通能力|

Unit 6 The Admirable 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1 ※Brown Girl Dreaming By Jacqueline Woodson As a winner of the National Book Award,the Coretta Scott King Award,and a Newbery Honor Book,in her book,Brown Girl Dreaming,the author uses poetry to tell a true story of growing up as a black woman in the 1960s and 1970s.Woodson’s beautiful language explores big ideas while describing her family,her growing awareness of race and the civil rights movement,and her life in South Carolina and New York City. ※When You Were Everything By Ashley Woodfolk Cleo and Layla have been best friends for years.But in their second year of middle school,everything changes.Layla starts hanging out with her new friends,and the two girls’ friendship slowly ends.Cleo is still trying to make sense of what happened as she tries to make new friends.Told across two timelines,Cleo’s story of sadness surrounding a lost friendship will be relevant for many 8th graders trying to deal with past middle school friend drama and looking forward to high school. ※The Hound of the Baskervilles By Arthur Conan Doyle The famous detective Sherlock Holmes and his friend Watson set out to look into a new case in Dartmoor,England.A man is dead,with many dog paw prints leading to his body.Holmes and Watson arrive in Dartmoor to find several unexplainable events and clues.Together,they start to figure out a puzzle that has defined mystery and detective fiction ever since. ※The Hobbit By J.R.R.Tolkien This story is an opener to the longer and more challenging The Lord of the Rings Trilogy.It’s an adventure story set in a fantasy world.With dwarves(小矮人),hobbits,sword fights,wizards and dragons,the book’s plot and humor have stood the test of time. 1.How is Brown Girl Dreaming different from the other books? A.It focuses on city life. B.It uses clear language. C.It has won many awards. D.It tells humorous stories. 2.What is When You Were Everything mainly about? A.Friendship and growth. B.Lost love and gained hope. C.Learning to be more independent. D.Dealing with pressure from schoolwork. 3.Which book suits whoever wants to read about adventures? A.The Hobbit. B.Brown Girl Dreaming. C.When You Were Everything. D.The Hound of the Baskervilles. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了4本书。 1.C　细节理解题。根据Brown Girl Dreaming部分中的“As a winner of the National Book Award,the Coretta Scott King Award,and a Newberry Honor Book”可知,Brown Girl Dreaming赢得了很多奖项。 2.A　细节理解题。根据When You Were Everything部分内容可知,这本书主要讲述的是关于友谊和成长的故事。 3.A　细节理解题。根据The Hobbit部分中的“This story is an opener to the longer and more challenging The Lord of the Rings Trilogy.It’s an adventure story set in a fantasy world.”可知,The Hobbit是一个以幻想世界为背景的冒险故事,适合想要阅读冒险故事的人。 Passage 2 Mary Flannery O’Connor was born on March twenty-fifth,1925,in the southern city of Savannah,Georgia.The year she was born,her father developed a rare disease called lupus(狼疮).He died of the disease in 1941.By that time the family was living in the small southern town of Milledgeville,Georgia,in a house owned by Flannery’s mother. Life in a small town in the American South was what O’Connor knew best.Yet she said,“If you know who you are,you can go anywhere.” Many people in the town of Milledgeville thought she was different from other girls.She was kind to everyone,but she seemed to stand to one side of what was happening,as if she wanted to see it better.Her mother was her example.Her mother said,“I was brought up to be nice to everyone and not to tell my business to anyone.” Flannery also did not talk about herself.But in her writing a silent and distant anger explodes from the quiet surface of her stories.Some see her as a Roman Catholic(天主教的) religious writer.They see her anger as the search to save her moral being through her belief in Jesus Christ.Some see her not writing about things,but presenting the things themselves.She said,“I see the world from the perspective of Christianity.This means that for me,the meaning of life is focused on Christ’s redemption(救赎) of us,and everything in the world is related to it in my eyes.” The following year,1949,she moved to New York City.She soon left the city and lived with her friend Robert Fitzgerald and his family in the northeastern state of Connecticut.Fitzgerald says O’Connor needed to be alone to work during the day.And she needed her friends to talk to when her work was done. While writing her first novel,Wise Blood,she was stricken with the disease lupus that had killed her father.The treatment for lupus weakened her.She moved back to Georgia and lived the rest of her life with her mother on a farm outside Milledgeville. 4.Who may have a big influence on Mary Flannery O’Connor? A.Her father.　　　　　B.Her mother. C.Her friends.　　　　　D.Her readers. 5.Which of the following can best describe Mary Flannery O’Connor? A.Strong-willed and selfless. B.Optimistic and independent. C.Responsible and talkative. D.Kind and religious. 6.What do we learn about Mary Flannery O’Connor from the text? A.She lived a lonely life. B.Her life was full of difficulty. C.Her health was affected by lupus. D.Her stories revealed her courage. 7.What is the best title for the text? A.Mary Flannery O’Connor’s Lifetime B.Belief of a Great Writer C.Writing of Mary Flannery O’Connor D.Kindness of a Writer 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国作家玛丽·弗兰纳里·奥康纳的性格、处事方式、工作方式、写作特点及生活经历。 4.B　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Her mother was her example.Her mother said,‘I was brought up to be nice to everyone and not to tell my business to anyone.’”可推知,她的母亲可能对她有很大的影响。 5.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中“She was kind to everyone”,及第三段中“She said,‘I see the world from the perspective of Christianity.This means that for me,the meaning of life is focused on Christ’s redemption of us,and everything in the world is related to it in my eyes.’”可知,Mary Flannery O’Connor善良且对宗教虔诚。 6.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,Mary Flannery O’Connor的健康受到了红斑狼疮的影响。 7.A　主旨大意题。通读全文,并结合第一段中的“Mary Flannery O’Connor was born on March twenty-fifth,1925,in the southern city of Savannah,Georgia.”、第四段中的“The following year,1949,she moved to New York City.”以及最后一段中的“She moved back to Georgia and lived the rest of her life with her mother on a farm outside Milledgeville.”可知,文章讲述了美国作家玛丽·弗兰纳里·奥康纳的性格、处事方式、工作方式、写作特点及生活经历。 Passage 3 Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives,we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future,and this is where AI by Design:A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in.This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution(变革). In the wrong hands,such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code(代码) that powers AI but,thankfully,Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable.She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic,making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which,by the close,will make you feel almost as smart as AI.  As we soon come to learn from AI by Design,AI is already super-smart and will become more capable,moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence.From there,Campbell says,will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence.This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now—several decades before these developments are expected to take place.She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence,or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it.She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity.We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out.Such structured thinking,followed by global regulation,will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all,and if you only read one book on the subject,this is it. 8.What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A.If read by someone poorly educated. B.If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C.If written by someone less competent. D.If translated by someone unacademic. 9.What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text? A.It is packed with complex codes. B.It adopts a down-to-earth writing style. C.It provides step-by-step instructions. D.It is intended for AI professionals. 10.What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development? A.Observe existing regulations on it. B.Reconsider expert opinions about it. C.Make joint efforts to keep it under control. D.Learn from prior experience to slow it down. 11.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A.To recommend a book on AI. B.To give a brief account of AI history. C.To clarify the definition of AI. D.To honor an outstanding AI expert. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇书评。文章评述了Catriona Campbell所著的AI by Design:A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书,并强调了在人工智能革命下人类应采取的应对策略。 8.C　词义猜测题。根据文章第二段的“such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code that powers AI but,thankfully,Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable.”可知,Campbell撰写的这本书是通俗易懂的,如果别人写这本书的话可能就不是这样了。由此推测,画线短语表示 “如果是由能力较差的人写的”。故选C项。 9.B　推理判断题。根据第二段的“She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic,making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative”可知,她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度撰写了一本通俗易懂且信息丰富的指南。由此可推知,这本书采用了务实的写作风格,易于读者理解。 10.C　推理判断题。根据第三段的“it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence,or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse”和第四段的“She explains we are at a ‘tipping point’ in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity.”可推知,Campbell强调我们需要共同努力控制人工智能的发展,以避免潜在的灾难性后果。 11.A　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“AI will affect us all,and if you only read one book on the subject,this is it.”可知,作者的写作目的是推荐这本关于AI的书籍。 Passage 4 Science fiction writers create an imaginary world.The way things work in their imaginary world is based on actual science.So it’s important for writers to be familiar with the scientific principles and inventions that are related to their creations.For example,if they write about humans living on a planet with zero gravity,they need to know the effects of zero gravity on the human body. Then writers have to figure out the exact rules of their imaginary world.And they have to follow them.If humans have evolved to breathe underwater in Chapter 1,a character can’t drown in a swimming pool in Chapter 3.If robots in the story write poetry but not fiction,then writers can’t throw a novelist robot into Chapter 8.The issue here is maintaining the readers’ trust.That means readers are willing to pretend along with the writer.If writers start out with an ordinary detective novel and then throw in someone breathing underwater in the sixth chapter,the readers’ reaction might be,“This would greatly confuse the readers.” The imaginative spell is broken.Writers have pulled the readers out of their imagination.The same thing happens if writers change the rules halfway. Part of the preparation work for the novel is to map out its world in great detail.Writers should decide:the history of the world,the geography,what possibilities it offers,how everything works within the new reality,and how these factors affect the way the characters think,feel,and react to things.Writers don’t have to tell the readers all the rules in the first chapter.But they have to let the readers know enough to understand what’s going on.This also allows writers to work out logical problems and contradictions before they start writing. When writers are writing,they should remember to make the world feel real.Writers are inviting readers to visit a new world.Readers will want to be able to see,hear,feel,smell,and even taste what it’s like.Whether the novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet,writers should help the readers feel like they’re actually there. 12.What’s the relationship between actual science and science fiction? A.Science fiction promotes the development of actual science. B.Science fiction often reflects the development of actual science. C.Actual science provides basic principles for science fiction. D.Actual science limits the imagination described in science fiction. 13.How is the second paragraph mainly developed? A.By making comparisons. B.By analysing causes. C.By following the time order. D.By giving examples. 14.What can we know from the passage? A.Readers of science fiction actually pretend the writers’ rules are true. B.It is necessary to do some scientific experiments before writing science fiction. C.It is more difficult to write science fiction than ordinary detective novels. D.It is great to leave some contradictions in science fiction. 15.What is the passage mainly about? A.How to do scientific research. B.How to write science fiction. C.What to expect from science fiction. D.How to raise interest in science. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何写科幻小说。 12.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “The way things work in their imaginary world is based on actual science.”可知,实际科学为科幻小说提供基本原理。 13.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Then writers have to figure out the exact rules of their imaginary world.And they have to follow them.If humans have evolved to breathe underwater in Chapter 1...The same thing happens if writers change the rules halfway.”可知,作者在叙述时使用句型指出如果在第一章里人能在水下呼吸,第三章就不能说角色被淹死在游泳池中等。由此可推知,作者是通过举例子来写这段的。 14.A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“That means readers are willing to pretend along with the writer.”可知,科幻小说的读者实际上愿意假装作者的规则是真实的。 15.B　主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Science fiction writers create an imaginary world.The way things work in their imaginary world...they need to know the effects of zero gravity on the human body.”可知,文章主要介绍了如何写科幻小说。 Passage 5 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever wondered what sets truly successful individuals apart? The answer lies in growth thinking.It can unlock your potential and lead you towards a successful life. One of the most beautiful aspects of growth thinking is that it extends beyond personal development.Take opportunities to support and motivate others,and share your journey,knowledge,and experiences,as it leads to a more fulfilling life for everyone involved.Humans are social creatures,and we benefit from each other when we do things together.　16　  Building positive habits is the actual foundation of growth thinking.　17　 Make a point of engaging in small,purposeful actions every day,and you will create a path for long-term growth.It’s the daily habits that keep you moving towards the goal you want to reach.  Challenges are not roadblocks;they are opportunities for development.　18　 You become better equipped to handle an unfavorable situation,adapt to change,and find innovative solutions.This kind of attitude lays the foundation for long-term success and helps you deal with any challenge that comes your way.  Reflection is a powerful tool for growth.Set aside time regularly to think about your progress and areas for improvement.　19　 It can be handwritten,digital,or even audio recordings—whatever works for you.Reflection allows you to learn from your experiences,develop strategies,and stay committed to your growth journey.  To foster growth thinking,expand your learning resources.Don’t limit yourself to a single source of knowledge.　20　 It’s really a life-long project.Seek out different ideas to broaden your understanding of any given topic.The more you learn,the better equipped you are to adapt and grow.  A.Consistency is definitely the key. B.Your confidence determines the end result. C.Looking back also helps you learn from your mistakes. D.Education can mean much more than sitting in a classroom. E.You may keep a journal to track your thoughts and milestones. F.By making a positive impact on others,you enhance your own growth. G.Remember,the greatest growth often happens outside of your comfort zone. 【答案】16.F 17.A 18.G 19.E 20.D 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述成长型思维可以释放你的潜力,引导你走向成功的生活并给出培养成长型的思维的方法。 16.F　根据本段前面说明可知,本段主要讲述的是成长型思维在于对他人的影响进而彼此受益。F项“通过对他人产生积极的影响,你促进了自己的成长。”总结上文,符合语境。 17.A　根据空前句“Building positive habits is the actual foundation of growth thinking.”和空后句“Make a point of engaging in small,purposeful actions every day,and you will create a path for long-term growth.”可知,要养成成长型思维,每天要坚持做一些小事,空处说明“坚持绝对是关键”承上启下,符合语境。 18.G　根据空前句“Challenges are not roadblocks;they are opportunities for development.”可知,有挑战才有成长的机会,说明成长一般都发生在舒适区之外,空处说明“记住,最大的成长往往发生在你的舒适区之外”承接上文。 19.E　根据上文“Reflection is a powerful tool for growth.Set aside time regularly to think about your progress and areas for improvement.”和空后句“It can be handwritten,digital,or even audio recordings—whatever works for you.”可知,空处说明“你可以写日记来记录你的想法和里程碑。”介绍一种反思的方式,承上启下。 20.D　根据上文“To foster growth thinking,expand your learning resources.Don’t limit yourself to a single source of knowledge.”可知,空处接着具体说明如何拓展学习资源。“教育的意义远不止是坐在教室里”,即不要局限于在教室里学习知识,符合语境。 Passage 6 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 As a writer,I miss rejection slips.Not that I enjoyed receiving those pre-printed slips of paper,but at least when I got one,I was pretty sure that a flesh-and-blood 　21　 had put it in the envelope.And there was always the chance I might see a handwritten sentence on the bottom,　22　 the piece almost made it.When an editor at McCall’s wrote,“I’m afraid I have to say no on this 　23　 piece,but try me again on another,would you?” It was almost as 　24　 to me as if she had said,“We’ll 　25　 it and here is an advance for you.”  Nowadays,rejection slips seem to have disappeared with the use of online submissions.Most editors don’t feel it a must to 　26　 they have received,read,or considered your work because they receive so many 　27　 each day.  For me,there are three 　28　 of rejection slip pain.The first is 　29　 brought on by finding a flat “no” on a 　30　 piece of paper,then followed by anger (how could they 　31　 a piece that is obviously so much 　32　 than most of the stuff they print),and,finally,rebirth:I will live to 　33　 a new piece another day.  Learning to 　34　 rejection seems like part of growing up as a writer.Despite the many letters of acceptance I have received,my folder of “Noteworthy Rejection Slips” is far 　35　 than that of “Noteworthy Acceptances”,which indicates to me the fact:I still have some growing up to do.  21.A.writer B.reader C.mailman D.editor 22.A.demanding B.indicating C.suspecting D.arguing 23.A.boring B.novel C.lengthy D.particular 24.A.thrilling B.upsetting C.embarrassing D.amusing 25.A.buy B.reject C.check D.substitute 26.A.prove B.determine C.explain D.acknowledge 27.A.proposals B.drafts C.contributions D.instructions 28.A.meanings B.stages C.wonders D.rewards 29.A.relief B.frustration C.anger D.hesitation 30.A.valueless B.expensive C.characterless D.shiny 31.A.make up B.put away C.turn down D.insist on 32.A.easier B.better C.shorter D.longer 33.A.print B.revise C.download D.submit 34.A.accept B.criticize C.judge D.evaluate 35.A.thinner B.fatter C.older D.newer 【答案】21.D 22.B 23.D 24.A 25.A 26.D 27.C 28.B 29.B 30.C 31.C 32.B 33.D 34.A 35.B 【详解】 21.D　根据下文 “When an editor at McCall’s wrote” 可知，作者认为至少当其收到一张纸条时，能很确定是一个有血有肉的编辑 (editor) 放在信封里的。 22.B　根据上文 “I might see a handwritten sentence on the bottom” 可知，编辑留下的句子表明 (indicating) 这篇文章几乎快要成功了。 23.D　根据下文 “but try me again on another,would you?” 可知，这是对于拒绝投稿的委婉的说法，赞扬文章很特别 (particular), 但是不得不拒绝。 24.A　根据上文 “but try me again on another,would you?’” 可知，这位编辑愿意再看一篇作者的文章，这是令人兴奋的。下文 “here is an advance for you” 也是令人兴奋的事情。 25.A　根据下文 “here is an advance for you” 可知，此处表示将要购买 (buy)。 26.D　根据上文 “Nowadays,rejection slips seem to have disappeared with the use of online submissions.” 可知，如今，由于网上投稿的使用，退稿单似乎已经消失了，大多数编辑并不觉得必须告知已收到 (acknowledge)、阅读或考虑过你的作品。 27.C　根据上文 “Most editors don’t feel it a must to 　　　they have received,read,or considered your work” 可知，此处对应的是 work, 指的是每天收到很多投稿作品。 28.B　根据下文 “The first” “then” 和 “finally” 可知，此处指被拒绝后的痛苦有三个阶段。 29.B　根据下文 “by finding a flat ‘no’” 可知，发现被拒绝首先应该感受到的是挫败感 (frustration)。 30.C　根据上文 “because they receive so many 　　　each day.” 可知，编辑拒绝投稿的纸条应该是没有个性的 (characterless), 千篇一律的。 31.C　根据上文 “then followed by anger” 可知，此处表示他们怎么能拒绝 (turn down) 一份明显比他们印刷的大多数东西都要好得多的作品。 32.B　根据空后的 “than most of the stuff they print” 可知，作者认为自己的投稿明显比他们印刷的大多数东西都要好 (better) 得多。 33.D　根据空后的 “a new piece another day” 可知，此处表示重新提交 (submit) 一份新的作品。 34.A　根据下文 “seems like part of growing up as a writer” 可知，作者认为学会接受 (accept) 拒绝是作为作家成长的一部分。 35.B　根据下文 “which indicates to me the fact:I still have some growing up to do.” 可知，作者 “值得注意的拒绝通知书” 文件夹比 “值得注意的录取通知书” 文件夹要厚 (fatter) 得多。 迁移应用篇 一、根据提示完成句子 1. 毫无疑问他是20世纪最重要的人物之一。 _________________he was one of the most important figures of the 20th century. 2. 我被挑选出来代表全队。 _____________________________________________represent the whole team. 3. 这个队的成功是她努力的结果。 The team’s success was _____________________________. 4. 前几天我在街上偶遇了我的一位老朋友。 I came across an old friend of mine in the street ________________________. 5. 她因为善良，勇敢和宽容被人们永远铭记。 ____________________________ her kindness, courage/bravery and generosity. 6. 你心目中有你崇拜的人吗? Do you _________________________________ that you admire? 7. 他认为每个人都应该为了自由和平等而奋斗。 He believes that everyone should __________________________________. 8. 用衣服灭火是不正确的。 _____________________________________________ with clothes. 9. 真遗憾他们不能来参加派对！ _________________________________ they can’t come to the party! 【答案】 1.There is no doubt that 2.I have been/was picked out to 3.due to her efforts. 4.the other day. 5.She will be always remembered for 6.have someone in mind 7.fight for liberty and equality 8. It’s not right to put out fire 9.What a shame 二、应用文写作 你们学校正举办主题为“用英语讲中国科学家的故事”的征文活动。请你以“一位中国著名科学家”为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1．人物简介及其成就； 2．评价。 注意:1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 A famous scientist in China ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A famous scientist in China Among the admirable scientists in China, Yuan Longping is the one that deserves my respect. Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing. He majored in agriculture at college. After graduating in 1953, he was devoted to studying hybrid rice. The reason why he did so was that he saw many people suffer from hunger. It was through his constant efforts that he eventually developed the first hybrid rice, which greatly increased the output of rice, making great contributions to the world. Sadly, Yuan Longping passed away in 2021, but he is still remembered as a great scientist. 【分析】 1. 词汇积累 值得尊敬：deserve my respect → win my admiration 致力于：be devoted to → commit oneself to 持续的努力：constant efforts → continuous efforts 做出巨大贡献：make great contributions to → render remarkable contributions to 遭受饥饿：suffer from hunger → go hungry 2. 句式拓展 原句：It was through his constant efforts that he eventually developed the first hybrid rice. 拓展句：Only through years of continuous efforts did he succeed in developing the first hybrid rice.（倒装句式，提升文采） 原句：which greatly increased the output of rice, making great contributions to the world. 拓展句：which sharply raised rice yields, bringing huge benefits to food security worldwide. 【点睛】 【高分句型 1】The reason why he did so was that he saw many people suffer from hunger. （why 引导定语从句，that 引导表语从句，高考经典复合句型） 【高分句型 2】It was through his constant efforts that he eventually developed the first hybrid rice. （强调句型，突出不懈努力，作文高频加分结构） 【高分句型 3】...he eventually developed the first hybrid rice, which greatly increased the output of rice, making great contributions to the world. （which 引导非限制性定语从句，搭配现在分词作结果状语，句式层次丰富） 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 6 The Admirable 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 识·单元要点概览 读·外刊拓展阅读 （来源：Nature） Yuan Longping: The Father of Hybrid Rice Chinese children recite a Tang dynasty poem that credits the farmer‘s sweat and toil for the rice on their plates. They should also acknowledge Yuan Longping, the ‘father of hybrid rice’, whose higher-yielding crop feeds billions. He died on 22 May 2021, aged 90. As a key player in the Green Revolution, Yuan became one of China’s most famous scientists, directing the China National Hybrid Rice Research and Development Center. In 2008, he carried the Olympic torch. Asked about his success, Yuan listed four factors: knowledge, hard work, intuition and opportunity, quoting Louis Pasteur‘s saying that “chance favours the prepared mind”. Born in 1930, Yuan entered college in 1949 to study agriculture. On graduating in 1953, he was assigned to teach at a small agricultural school in Hunan province. During the Great Leap Forward and the resulting famine, he saw the bodies of those who had starved to death by the roadside. The memory of hunger never left him. In the early 1960s, Yuan focused on rice, China’s most important staple crop. Rice presented a unique challenge because it is a self-pollinating crop. In 1964, Yuan and a student spent the summer searching for naturally occurring male-sterile plants. His discovery, reported in a 1966 science journal, might have saved his life. Scientists of Yuan‘s generation were asked to make enormous sacrifices. In his memoir, he recalled how one year he spent just a single day with his family. He spent much time on Hainan Island, hunting for the wild strains needed to produce hybrid seed. Yuan’s success inspired hybrid rice production in India, Vietnam and the Philippines. By 1999, it was estimated that hybrid rice fed an additional 100 million Chinese people each year. Elected to the US National Academy of Science in 2006, Yuan never joined the Chinese Academy of Sciences despite being nominated three times. Unusually for someone of his prominence, he never joined the Communist Party. To the last, Yuan expressed optimism in the endless possibilities of science and technology, believing that the next yield increase — with the potential to contribute to world food security and peace — was within reach. 【全文翻译】 袁隆平：“杂交水稻之父” 中国孩子们从小就会背诵一首唐诗，诗中将盘中餐食归功于农民的辛勤劳作。他们同样也应当铭记袁隆平——这位“杂交水稻之父”，正是他培育出的高产作物养活了数十亿人。2021年5月22日，袁隆平与世长辞，享年90岁。 作为“绿色革命”的关键人物，袁隆平成为中国最著名的科学家之一，并担任国家杂交水稻工程技术研究中心主任。2008年，他还担任了北京奥运会的火炬手。 当被问及成功的秘诀时，袁隆平列出了四个因素：知识、勤奋、直觉和机遇。他引用了路易·巴斯德的名言：“机会只偏爱有准备的头脑。” 袁隆平出生于1930年，1949年考入大学学习农业专业。1953年毕业后，他被分配到湖南省一所小型农业学校任教。在“大跃进”及其引发的饥荒期间，他亲眼目睹了路边饿殍遍野的惨状。关于饥饿的记忆，他终生难忘。 20世纪60年代初，袁隆平将研究重心转向了中国最重要的主食作物——水稻。水稻研究面临着独特的挑战，因为水稻是一种自花授粉作物。1964年，袁隆平和一名学生花了一个夏天的时间寻找天然存在的雄性不育植株。他的这一发现在1966年的一本科学期刊上发表，这次发表可能还救了他一命。 袁隆平那一代的科学家被要求做出巨大的牺牲。在他的回忆录中，他提到有一年自己仅仅和家人团聚了一天。他大部分时间都在海南岛度过，苦苦寻觅培育杂交种子所需的野生稻株。 袁隆平的成功带动了印度、越南和菲律宾等国的杂交水稻生产。据估计，到1999年，杂交水稻每年为中国多养活了1亿人。2006年，袁隆平当选为美国国家科学院院士。尽管曾被三次提名，他却从未加入中国科学院。对于一位享有如此盛名的科学家来说，他从未加入过中国共产党，这也是非常罕见的。 直到生命最后，袁隆平依然对科学技术的无限可能保持着乐观。他坚信，下一次水稻产量的提升——这一提升有望为世界粮食安全与和平作出贡献——已经近在咫尺。 【核心词汇】 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ①acknowledge v. 承认；致谢；认可 ②toil n. 辛劳；苦工 ③hybrid adj. 杂交的；混合的 ④yielding adj. 产出的；多产的 ⑤key player n. 关键人物；主力 ⑥intuition n. 直觉 ⑦famine n. 饥荒 ⑧starve v. 挨饿；饿死 ⑨staple adj. 主要的；基本的 ⑩self-pollinating adj. 自花授粉的 ⑪male-sterile adj. 雄性不育的 ⑫denounce v. 谴责；公开指责 ⑬enormous adj. 巨大的；庞大的 ⑭sacrifice n. 牺牲；献祭 ⑮prominence n. 显著；杰出；声望 ⑯optimism n. 乐观；乐观主义 ⑰possibility n. 可能性 ⑱contribute to 促成；有助于；为……做贡献 ⑲security n. 安全；保障 ⑳within reach 在伸手可及的地方；在能力范围内 【长难句分析】 1. Chinese children recite a Tang dynasty poem that credits the farmer‘s sweat and toil for the rice on their plates. 句意：中国孩子们会背诵一首唐诗，诗中将盘中的米饭归功于农民的辛勤汗水与劳作。 分析：本句的主干是“Chinese children recite a Tang dynasty poem”；that credits the farmer's sweat and toil for the rice on their plates是由that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词poem；其中credits... for...是固定搭配，意为“把……归功于……”。 2. In 1964, Yuan and a student spent the summer searching for naturally occurring male-sterile plants. 句意：1964年，袁隆平和一名学生花了一个夏天的时间寻找天然存在的雄性不育植株。 分析：本句的主干是“Yuan and a student spent the summer”；searching for naturally occurring male-sterile plants是现在分词短语作伴随状语（或理解为spend time doing sth.句型中的固定搭配），表示花费时间所做的具体动作；naturally occurring是副词修饰现在分词，作前置定语修饰plants。 3. Unusually for someone of his prominence, he never joined the Communist Party. 句意：对于一位享有如此盛名的人来说，他从未加入过中国共产党，这是非常罕见的。 分析：本句的主干是“he never joined the Communist Party”；句首的Unusually for someone of his prominence是介词短语作状语，表示“对于他这样具有极高声望的人来说，这是不同寻常的”；其中of his prominence是介词短语作后置定语，修饰someone 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1 ※Brown Girl Dreaming By Jacqueline Woodson As a winner of the National Book Award,the Coretta Scott King Award,and a Newbery Honor Book,in her book,Brown Girl Dreaming,the author uses poetry to tell a true story of growing up as a black woman in the 1960s and 1970s.Woodson’s beautiful language explores big ideas while describing her family,her growing awareness of race and the civil rights movement,and her life in South Carolina and New York City. ※When You Were Everything By Ashley Woodfolk Cleo and Layla have been best friends for years.But in their second year of middle school,everything changes.Layla starts hanging out with her new friends,and the two girls’ friendship slowly ends.Cleo is still trying to make sense of what happened as she tries to make new friends.Told across two timelines,Cleo’s story of sadness surrounding a lost friendship will be relevant for many 8th graders trying to deal with past middle school friend drama and looking forward to high school. ※The Hound of the Baskervilles By Arthur Conan Doyle The famous detective Sherlock Holmes and his friend Watson set out to look into a new case in Dartmoor,England.A man is dead,with many dog paw prints leading to his body.Holmes and Watson arrive in Dartmoor to find several unexplainable events and clues.Together,they start to figure out a puzzle that has defined mystery and detective fiction ever since. ※The Hobbit By J.R.R.Tolkien This story is an opener to the longer and more challenging The Lord of the Rings Trilogy.It’s an adventure story set in a fantasy world.With dwarves(小矮人),hobbits,sword fights,wizards and dragons,the book’s plot and humor have stood the test of time. 1.How is Brown Girl Dreaming different from the other books? A.It focuses on city life. B.It uses clear language. C.It has won many awards. D.It tells humorous stories. 2.What is When You Were Everything mainly about? A.Friendship and growth. B.Lost love and gained hope. C.Learning to be more independent. D.Dealing with pressure from schoolwork. 3.Which book suits whoever wants to read about adventures? A.The Hobbit. B.Brown Girl Dreaming. C.When You Were Everything. D.The Hound of the Baskervilles. Passage 2 Mary Flannery O’Connor was born on March twenty-fifth,1925,in the southern city of Savannah,Georgia.The year she was born,her father developed a rare disease called lupus(狼疮).He died of the disease in 1941.By that time the family was living in the small southern town of Milledgeville,Georgia,in a house owned by Flannery’s mother. Life in a small town in the American South was what O’Connor knew best.Yet she said,“If you know who you are,you can go anywhere.” Many people in the town of Milledgeville thought she was different from other girls.She was kind to everyone,but she seemed to stand to one side of what was happening,as if she wanted to see it better.Her mother was her example.Her mother said,“I was brought up to be nice to everyone and not to tell my business to anyone.” Flannery also did not talk about herself.But in her writing a silent and distant anger explodes from the quiet surface of her stories.Some see her as a Roman Catholic(天主教的) religious writer.They see her anger as the search to save her moral being through her belief in Jesus Christ.Some see her not writing about things,but presenting the things themselves.She said,“I see the world from the perspective of Christianity.This means that for me,the meaning of life is focused on Christ’s redemption(救赎) of us,and everything in the world is related to it in my eyes.” The following year,1949,she moved to New York City.She soon left the city and lived with her friend Robert Fitzgerald and his family in the northeastern state of Connecticut.Fitzgerald says O’Connor needed to be alone to work during the day.And she needed her friends to talk to when her work was done. While writing her first novel,Wise Blood,she was stricken with the disease lupus that had killed her father.The treatment for lupus weakened her.She moved back to Georgia and lived the rest of her life with her mother on a farm outside Milledgeville. 4.Who may have a big influence on Mary Flannery O’Connor? A.Her father.　　　　　B.Her mother. C.Her friends.　　　　　D.Her readers. 5.Which of the following can best describe Mary Flannery O’Connor? A.Strong-willed and selfless. B.Optimistic and independent. C.Responsible and talkative. D.Kind and religious. 6.What do we learn about Mary Flannery O’Connor from the text? A.She lived a lonely life. B.Her life was full of difficulty. C.Her health was affected by lupus. D.Her stories revealed her courage. 7.What is the best title for the text? A.Mary Flannery O’Connor’s Lifetime B.Belief of a Great Writer C.Writing of Mary Flannery O’Connor D.Kindness of a Writer Passage 3 Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives,we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future,and this is where AI by Design:A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in.This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution(变革). In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code(代码) that powers AI but,thankfully,Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable.She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic,making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which,by the close,will make you feel almost as smart as AI.  As we soon come to learn from AI by Design,AI is already super-smart and will become more capable,moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence.From there,Campbell says,will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence.This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now—several decades before these developments are expected to take place.She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence,or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it.She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity.We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out.Such structured thinking,followed by global regulation,will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all,and if you only read one book on the subject,this is it. 8.What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A.If read by someone poorly educated. B.If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C.If written by someone less competent. D.If translated by someone unacademic. 9.What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text? A.It is packed with complex codes. B.It adopts a down-to-earth writing style. C.It provides step-by-step instructions. D.It is intended for AI professionals. 10.What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development? A.Observe existing regulations on it. B.Reconsider expert opinions about it. C.Make joint efforts to keep it under control. D.Learn from prior experience to slow it down. 11.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A.To recommend a book on AI. B.To give a brief account of AI history. C.To clarify the definition of AI. D.To honor an outstanding AI expert. Passage 4 Science fiction writers create an imaginary world.The way things work in their imaginary world is based on actual science.So it’s important for writers to be familiar with the scientific principles and inventions that are related to their creations.For example,if they write about humans living on a planet with zero gravity,they need to know the effects of zero gravity on the human body. Then writers have to figure out the exact rules of their imaginary world.And they have to follow them.If humans have evolved to breathe underwater in Chapter 1,a character can’t drown in a swimming pool in Chapter 3.If robots in the story write poetry but not fiction,then writers can’t throw a novelist robot into Chapter 8.The issue here is maintaining the readers’ trust.That means readers are willing to pretend along with the writer.If writers start out with an ordinary detective novel and then throw in someone breathing underwater in the sixth chapter,the readers’ reaction might be,“This would greatly confuse the readers.” The imaginative spell is broken.Writers have pulled the readers out of their imagination.The same thing happens if writers change the rules halfway. Part of the preparation work for the novel is to map out its world in great detail.Writers should decide:the history of the world,the geography,what possibilities it offers,how everything works within the new reality,and how these factors affect the way the characters think,feel,and react to things.Writers don’t have to tell the readers all the rules in the first chapter.But they have to let the readers know enough to understand what’s going on.This also allows writers to work out logical problems and contradictions before they start writing. When writers are writing,they should remember to make the world feel real.Writers are inviting readers to visit a new world.Readers will want to be able to see,hear,feel,smell,and even taste what it’s like.Whether the novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet,writers should help the readers feel like they’re actually there. 12.What’s the relationship between actual science and science fiction? A.Science fiction promotes the development of actual science. B.Science fiction often reflects the development of actual science. C.Actual science provides basic principles for science fiction. D.Actual science limits the imagination described in science fiction. 13.How is the second paragraph mainly developed? A.By making comparisons. B.By analysing causes. C.By following the time order. D.By giving examples. 14.What can we know from the passage? A.Readers of science fiction actually pretend the writers’ rules are true. B.It is necessary to do some scientific experiments before writing science fiction. C.It is more difficult to write science fiction than ordinary detective novels. D.It is great to leave some contradictions in science fiction. 15.What is the passage mainly about? A.How to do scientific research. B.How to write science fiction. C.What to expect from science fiction. D.How to raise interest in science. Passage 5 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever wondered what sets truly successful individuals apart? The answer lies in growth thinking.It can unlock your potential and lead you towards a successful life. One of the most beautiful aspects of growth thinking is that it extends beyond personal development.Take opportunities to support and motivate others,and share your journey,knowledge,and experiences,as it leads to a more fulfilling life for everyone involved.Humans are social creatures,and we benefit from each other when we do things together.　16　  Building positive habits is the actual foundation of growth thinking.　17　 Make a point of engaging in small,purposeful actions every day,and you will create a path for long-term growth.It’s the daily habits that keep you moving towards the goal you want to reach.  Challenges are not roadblocks;they are opportunities for development.　18　 You become better equipped to handle an unfavorable situation,adapt to change,and find innovative solutions.This kind of attitude lays the foundation for long-term success and helps you deal with any challenge that comes your way.  Reflection is a powerful tool for growth.Set aside time regularly to think about your progress and areas for improvement.　19　 It can be handwritten,digital,or even audio recordings—whatever works for you.Reflection allows you to learn from your experiences,develop strategies,and stay committed to your growth journey.  To foster growth thinking,expand your learning resources.Don’t limit yourself to a single source of knowledge.　20　 It’s really a life-long project.Seek out different ideas to broaden your understanding of any given topic.The more you learn,the better equipped you are to adapt and grow.  A.Consistency is definitely the key. B.Your confidence determines the end result. C.Looking back also helps you learn from your mistakes. D.Education can mean much more than sitting in a classroom. E.You may keep a journal to track your thoughts and milestones. F.By making a positive impact on others,you enhance your own growth. G.Remember,the greatest growth often happens outside of your comfort zone. Passage 6 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 As a writer,I miss rejection slips.Not that I enjoyed receiving those pre-printed slips of paper,but at least when I got one,I was pretty sure that a flesh-and-blood 　21　 had put it in the envelope.And there was always the chance I might see a handwritten sentence on the bottom,　22　 the piece almost made it.When an editor at McCall’s wrote,“I’m afraid I have to say no on this 　23　 piece,but try me again on another,would you?” It was almost as 　24　 to me as if she had said,“We’ll 　25　 it and here is an advance for you.”  Nowadays,rejection slips seem to have disappeared with the use of online submissions.Most editors don’t feel it a must to 　26　 they have received,read,or considered your work because they receive so many 　27　 each day.  For me,there are three 　28　 of rejection slip pain.The first is 　29　 brought on by finding a flat “no” on a 　30　 piece of paper,then followed by anger (how could they 　31　 a piece that is obviously so much 　32　 than most of the stuff they print),and,finally,rebirth:I will live to 　33　 a new piece another day.  Learning to 　34　 rejection seems like part of growing up as a writer.Despite the many letters of acceptance I have received,my folder of “Noteworthy Rejection Slips” is far 　35　 than that of “Noteworthy Acceptances”,which indicates to me the fact:I still have some growing up to do.  21.A.writer B.reader C.mailman D.editor 22.A.demanding B.indicating C.suspecting D.arguing 23.A.boring B.novel C.lengthy D.particular 24.A.thrilling B.upsetting C.embarrassing D.amusing 25.A.buy B.reject C.check D.substitute 26.A.prove B.determine C.explain D.acknowledge 27.A.proposals B.drafts C.contributions D.instructions 28.A.meanings B.stages C.wonders D.rewards 29.A.relief B.frustration C.anger D.hesitation 30.A.valueless B.expensive C.characterless D.shiny 31.A.make up B.put away C.turn down D.insist on 32.A.easier B.better C.shorter D.longer 33.A.print B.revise C.download D.submit 34.A.accept B.criticize C.judge D.evaluate 35.A.thinner B.fatter C.older D.newer 迁移应用篇 一、根据提示完成句子 1. 毫无疑问他是20世纪最重要的人物之一。 _________________he was one of the most important figures of the 20th century. 2. 我被挑选出来代表全队。 _____________________________________________represent the whole team. 3. 这个队的成功是她努力的结果。 The team’s success was _____________________________. 4. 前几天我在街上偶遇了我的一位老朋友。 I came across an old friend of mine in the street ________________________. 5. 她因为善良，勇敢和宽容被人们永远铭记。 ____________________________ her kindness, courage/bravery and generosity. 6. 你心目中有你崇拜的人吗? Do you _________________________________ that you admire? 7. 他认为每个人都应该为了自由和平等而奋斗。 He believes that everyone should __________________________________. 8. 用衣服灭火是不正确的。 _____________________________________________ with clothes. 9. 真遗憾他们不能来参加派对！ _________________________________ they can’t come to the party! 二、应用文写作 你们学校正举办主题为“用英语讲中国科学家的故事”的征文活动。请你以“一位中国著名科学家”为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1．人物简介及其成就； 2．评价。 注意:1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 A famous scientist in China ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ $ Unit 6 The Admirable 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1 1. C 2. A 3. A Passage 2 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A Passage 3 8. C 9. B 10. C 11. A Passage 4 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B Passage 5 16.F 17.A 18.G 19.E 20.D Passage 6 21.D 22.B 23.D 24.A 25.A 26.D 27.C 28.B 29.B 30.C 31.C 32.B 33.D 34.A 35.B 迁移应用篇 一、根据提示完成句子 1.There is no doubt that 2.I have been/was picked out to 3.due to her efforts. 4.the other day. 5.She will be always remembered for 6.have someone in mind 7.fight for liberty and equality 8. It’s not right to put out fire 9.What a shame 二、应用文写作 A famous scientist in China Among the admirable scientists in China, Yuan Longping is the one that deserves my respect. Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing. He majored in agriculture at college. After graduating in 1953, he was devoted to studying hybrid rice. The reason why he did so was that he saw many people suffer from hunger. It was through his constant efforts that he eventually developed the first hybrid rice, which greatly increased the output of rice, making great contributions to the world. Sadly, Yuan Longping passed away in 2021, but he is still remembered as a great scientist. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $