Unit 4 Information Technology 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练）英语北师大版必修第二册

**基本信息** 以信息技术为主题，整合外刊阅读与多题型训练，构建“输入-内化-输出”的语言能力培养逻辑，提升跨文化理解与批判性思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |外刊拓展阅读|1篇CNBC原文+翻译|含核心词汇（20个）、长难句分析（8句）|从词汇积累到句法理解，构建科技主题语言知识网络| |培优提升篇|5篇阅读理解（含3篇名校期末试题）|细节理解、推理判断、观点态度等高考核心题型|围绕数字技术影响（如数字痴呆、社交媒体与幸福感），深化主题认知与思维品质| |迁移应用篇|8道语法填空+1篇应用文写作|语法应用（词形变化、介词搭配等）、主题写作（Be smart online learners）|从语言知识内化到篇章输出，实现“输入-应用”闭环，培养学习能力|

Unit 4 information and Technology 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1（湖北襄阳市致远中学2025-2026学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题） 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. C Passage 2 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. D Passage 3（河南省部分名校2025-2026学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题） 1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C Passage 4（安徽宣城市2025-2026学年第二学期高一期末测试英语试题） 1. C 2. C 3. A 4. B Passage 5 1. yourself 2. harmless 3. potentially 4. left 5. that/which 6. an 7. happening 8. of 9. makes 10. awareness 迁移应用篇 一、单句语法填空 1. distance 2. inspiration 3. from 4. accessible 5. charities 6. updates 7. beneficial 8. convenient; at 二、应用文写作 【范文】 Be smart online learners Good morning,everyone, I feel greatly privileged to stand here to deliver a speech titled “Be smart online learners”. It’s widely acknowledged that online learning is becoming increasingly popular with Chinese due to its convenience as well as flexibility. However,online learning also presents us learners with challenges in terms of self-discipline and time management.That’s why we should develop a positive attitude towards online learning. First of all, we’d better obey our school timetable at home, which will surely contribute to our learning productivity. Besides, it’s wise to follow the teachers closely in online class so that we can become more involved,focused and motivated. Follow these tips, and we will become smart online learners.  That’s all! Thank you. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 information and Technology 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1（湖北襄阳市致远中学2025-2026学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题） Can you remember your friends’ birthdays or your parents’ phone numbers without checking your phone? If not, you are not alone. While dementia, a term used by some scholars to describe reduced cognitive (认知的) functions, is generally seen in older adults, researchers have noted that similar problems are present in the younger population as well. Though not a formal medical name, digital dementia is related to memory loss and poor concentration that may result from overuse of digital devices. Studies show that the brain’s frontal lobe (额叶) helps us manage information, memory, decision-making, and emotional control. However, when we spend hours scrolling (刷屏) through endless amounts of insignificant content, this area of the brain can become overpacked. The result is like a house filled with piles of unsorted garbage: too much information enters, but the brain struggles to organize it into clear categories or meaningful connections. Over time, this “garbage house” state leaves us distracted, forgetful, and mentally exhausted. The problem has become serious enough that Russia recently opened medical centers specifically for smartphone-related dementia. Doctors there report that patients often have difficulty recalling words, writing complex characters, or functioning without their phones. Patients are encouraged to cut down on screen time and engage in offline activities to reactivate cognitive functions. They are also advised to improve sleep, diet, and physical exercise, since these lifestyle factors directly impact brain health. Of course, digital devices are not evil. They provide quick access to information and make communication easier than ever before. However, when we allow technology to take over all of our thinking tasks, our brains lose the exercise they need to stay alert. By setting limits, practicing memory skills, and giving our brains time to rest, we can keep technology in its proper place and ensure that our minds stay clear, active, and strong. 1. What does digital dementia refer to? A．A common problem among the old. B．A sudden failure of natural memory. C．A mental disease with a formal name. D．A cognitive drop from digital overuse. 2. How does smartphone overuse affect the brain’s frontal lobe? A．It helps organize information efficiently. B．It strengthens the ability to remember. C．It loads the brain with mixed information. D．It reduces the overall input to the brain. 3. Why are Russian medical centers mentioned? A．To show evidence of harm. B．To compare with other countries. C．To advertise medical service. D．To prove digital dementia is curable. 4. Which of the following best describes the author’s view about digital devices? A．Supportive. B．Negative. C．Careful. D．Doubtful. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. C 【导语】 本文主要介绍了“数字痴呆”这一现象，指出过度使用数字设备可能导致记忆力下降和注意力不集中，并列举了俄罗斯为此开设医疗中心的案例，最后建议合理使用科技以保持大脑健康。 【小题1】细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “digital dementia is related to memory loss and poor concentration that may result from overuse of digital devices.(数字痴呆与过度使用数字设备可能导致记忆力下降和注意力不集中有关。)” 可知，数字痴呆是指因过度使用数字设备而导致的认知功能下降。 【小题2】细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “when we spend hours scrolling through endless amounts of insignificant content, this area of the brain can become overpacked. The result is like a house filled with piles of unsorted garbage: too much information enters, but the brain struggles to organize it into clear categories or meaningful connections.(当我们花几个小时刷屏浏览大量无关紧要的内容时，大脑的这个区域会变得过度拥挤。结果就像一间堆满未分类垃圾的房子：大量信息涌入，但大脑却难以将其组织成清晰的类别或有意义的联系。)” 可知，智能手机过度使用会使大脑额叶充斥混杂的信息，难以有效组织。 【小题3】推理判断题。根据第三段中的 “The problem has become serious enough that Russia recently opened medical centers specifically for smartphone-related dementia.(问题已经严重到俄罗斯最近开设了专门针对智能手机相关痴呆的医疗中心。)” 可知，作者提到俄罗斯的医疗中心是为了说明数字痴呆问题的严重性，以此作为问题严重的证据。 【小题4】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 “Of course, digital devices are not evil. They provide quick access to information and make communication easier than ever before. However, when we allow technology to take over all of our thinking tasks, our brains lose the exercise they need to stay alert.(当然，数字设备并不是邪恶的。它们提供了快速获取信息的途径，使沟通比以往任何时候都更加便捷。然而，当我们让技术接管我们所有的思考任务时，我们的大脑就失去了保持敏锐所需的锻炼。)” 可知，作者既肯定了数字设备的积极面，也指出了过度使用的危害，体现了谨慎、客观、平衡的态度。 Passage 2 Do you concern that you have spent too much time on surfing online with your phone? But does stepping away from your phone really make a difference? Researchers say yes, and a hiatus in surfing the internet on your phone can do wonders. The researchers included 467 participants (参与者), aged 18 to 74, who were asked to install (安装) a mobile phone application to block all mobile internet access from their smartphones for a month. Although the participants had to block the internet on their phones, they were allowed to maintain mobile connection (through texts and calls) and non-mobile access to the internet (e.g. through desktop computers). During the study, the researchers measured the participants’ happiness by using the model that consists of self-reported positive effect, negative effect, and life satisfaction. And a survey, which is often used by doctors to test depression and anxiety, was conducted to rate the participants’ overall mental health. Besides, the participants’ attention was examined by a computer task. All the measures were taken at the beginning, middle and end of the four-week study. The results showed that 91% of the participants improved their scores in at least one aspect (方面). 71% reported better mental health after the break, compared to before, and 73% reported better happiness. A break from the internet on their phones also improved the participants’ attention. “The effects on attention were about as large as if the participants had become 10 years younger,” said one of the researchers. “I’m not surprised by the findings,” says Dr. Julia, a psychologist at New York University. “Most people know their phones are a problem, but they just can’t stop,” she says, “When they start to behave as those in study — more exercise, time outdoors, good sleep, more social interactions — they naturally start to feel better. When people see this improvement in joy in such a short period of time, it gives them hope to have a try.” 1. What does the underlined word “hiatus” refer to? A．Break. B．Belief. C．Review. D．Preference. 2. What were the participants required to do during the study? A．To block the calls from their friends. B．To stop going online with their mobile. C．To text the researchers from time to time. D．To limit their access to physical activities. 3. What do we know about the process of the study? A．Three measuring methods were conducted. B．Doctors were invited to examine the participants. C．Computers were used to report the positive effects. D．The participants’ attention was measured by a survey. 4. What does Dr. Julia think of the findings of the study? A．Unexpected. B．Creative. C．Confusing. D．Encouraging. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. D 【导语】 本文主要介绍了一项研究表明，暂停使用手机移动网络一个月能显著改善参与者的心理健康、幸福感及注意力，证明适度“数字断连”对生活质量有积极作用。 【详解】 【小题1】词句猜测题。根据第一段 “But does stepping away from your phone really make a difference? Researchers say yes, and a hiatus in surfing the internet on your phone can do wonders.(但是远离手机真的有用吗？研究人员说是的，而你手机上网的一个hiatus就能创造奇迹)” 可知，句中hiatus与前文stepping away语义一致，意为暂停、休息，与break意义相近。 【小题2】细节理解题。根据第二段 “The researchers included 467 participants (参与者), aged 18 to 74, who were asked to install (安装) a mobile phone application to block all mobile internet access from their smartphones for a month.(研究人员招募了467名年龄在18至74岁之间的参与者，要求他们安装一款手机应用程序，在一个月内屏蔽智能手机上的所有移动互联网接入)” 可知，参与者被要求在研究期间停止使用手机上网。 【小题3】细节理解题。根据第三段 “During the study, the researchers measured the participants’ happiness by using the model that consists of self-reported positive effect, negative effect, and life satisfaction. And a survey, which is often used by doctors to test depression and anxiety, was conducted to rate the participants’ overall mental health. Besides, the participants’ attention was examined by a computer task. All the measures were taken at the beginning, middle and end of the four-week study.(在研究期间，研究人员通过使用由自我报告的积极效应、消极效应和生活满意度组成的模型来衡量参与者的幸福感。并进行了一项医生常用于测试抑郁和焦虑的调查，以评估参与者的整体心理健康状况。此外，参与者的注意力通过计算机任务进行检查。所有这些测量都在为期四周的研究的开始、中间和结束时进行)” 可知，研究采用了主观幸福感模型、医学调查问卷和计算机任务三种测量方式。 【小题4】推理判断题。根据最后一段 “‘I’ m not surprised by the findings,’ says Dr. Julia, a psychologist at New York University. ‘Most people know their phones are a problem, but they just can’ t stop,’ she says, ‘When they start to behave as those in study — more exercise, time outdoors, good sleep, more social interactions — they naturally start to feel better. When people see this improvement in joy in such a short period of time, it gives them hope to have a try.’ ( ‘我对这些发现并不感到惊讶，’ 纽约大学的心理学家Julia博士说。‘大多数人知道手机是个问题，但他们就是停不下来，’ 她说，‘当他们开始像研究中的那些人一样行事——更多锻炼、户外时间、良好睡眠、更多社交互动——他们自然会开始感觉更好。当人们看到在如此短的时间内快乐有了这样的改善，这给了他们尝试的希望。’ )” 可知，Julia博士认为研究结果证实了人们的确可以通过减少手机使用来改善状态，且能给人带来改变的希望，因此是积极正向的。 Passage 3（河南省部分名校2025-2026学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题） While global youth have generally become happier over the past twenty years, a troubling change has appeared in developed nations. According to the latest World Happiness Report, young people in the United States and several Western European countries are experiencing an obvious drop in well-being. This unexpected downturn has caused heated discussion among researchers trying to identify the causes of this “unhappiness epidemic” in the world’s most wealthy regions. The primary reason they think is the heavy use of social media. Data suggest that individuals spending over five hours daily on digital platforms report much lower satisfaction. Interestingly, the harm is not the same; teenage girls appear more sensitive (敏感的) to the harmful nature of carefully selected online content. This dissatisfaction often comes from constant social comparison and the pressure to keep an idealized digital image, which brings social exclusion. However, a question makes the problem harder: why do young people remain on these apps if they feel unhappy? Research directed by Cass Sunstein shows a “peer (同龄人) group” trap. They stay active not out of enjoyment, but out of a fear of being the only one to withdraw (退出). In experiments, students expressed a willingness to pay for their entire peer group to quit social media together, yet they would only stay away from these apps alone if they got a large reward. To address these challenges, experts suggest a shift in how society views digital engagement (参与). Some argue that social media should be treated as an adult product, given its links to addiction and cyberbullying. Others stress rebuilding offline connections, noting that strong family relationships in certain Central European countries have served as a safeguard against Internet overuse. Solving this requires more than just removing apps; it demands a cultural change. By setting proper limits online and valuing face-to-face communication more, “Gen Z” can lessen the harm social media does to their mental health. Only by recognizing social media as a tool rather than a social requirement can we recover the lost well-being of the younger generation. 1. What does the “unhappiness epidemic” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．Fall in youth’s well-being. B．Economic downturn. C．Happiness anxiety around the world. D．Rapid spread of digital addiction. 2. Why does social media harm teenage girls more? A．They spend more time on platforms. B．They fail to find proper digital images. C．They face pressure from social comparison. D．They value online content more than real life. 3. What does the research mentioned in paragraph 3 find? A．Social media has become a pressure for the youth. B．Peer groups are necessary for digital engagement. C．Students enjoy staying active with their peers. D．Individual withdrawal brings a great reward. 4. What is the author’s advice for “Gen Z”? A．Quit using social media apps slowly. B．Follow the social requirement strictly. C．Strengthen offline connection with others. D．Promote the use of advanced digital tools. 【答案】A 2. C 3. A 4. C 【导语】 本文主要讲的是发达国家年轻人幸福感近年明显下降，社交媒体过度使用是主因，而“同龄人陷阱”让他们难以自行脱离，解决之道在于文化层面的转变而非简单删掉应用。 【详解】 【小题1】词句猜测题。根据第一段 “According to the latest World Happiness Report, young people in the United States and several Western European countries are experiencing an obvious drop in well-being. This unexpected downturn has caused heated discussion among researchers trying to identify the causes of this “unhappiness epidemic” in the world’s most wealthy regions.(根据最新的《世界幸福报告》，美国及多个西欧国家的年轻人正明显感受到幸福感的下降。这一意外的下滑引发了研究人员的热烈讨论，他们试图找出导致全球最富裕地区“不幸福流行病”的原因。)” 可知，“unhappiness epidemic” 指的是前文提到的青少年幸福感下降。 【小题2】细节理解题。根据第二段 “Interestingly, the harm is not the same; teenage girls appear more sensitive (敏感的) to the harmful nature of carefully selected online content. This dissatisfaction often comes from constant social comparison and the pressure to keep an idealized digital image, which brings social exclusion.(有趣的是，危害并不均等——少女对精心筛选的网络内容的危害性似乎更为敏感。这种不满往往来自持续的社会比较和维持理想化数字形象的压力，由此带来社交排斥。)” 可知，社交媒体对青少年女孩的危害更大是因为她们面临来自社会比较的压力。 【小题3】推理判断题。根据第三段 “Research directed by Cass Sunstein shows a “peer (同龄人) group” trap. They stay active not out of enjoyment, but out of a fear of being the only one to withdraw (退出). In experiments, students expressed a willingness to pay for their entire peer group to quit social media together, yet they would only stay away from these apps alone if they got a large reward.(卡斯·桑斯坦主导的研究揭示了一种“同龄人”陷阱。他们保持活跃并非出于享受，而是害怕成为唯一退出的人。实验中，学生表示愿意花钱让整个同龄群体一起退出社交媒体，但如果要自己单独离开，则需要获得丰厚的奖励才肯这么做。)” 可知，第三段提到的研究发现了社交媒体已成为对年轻人的一种压力。 【小题4】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 “Others stress rebuilding offline connections, noting that strong family relationships in certain Central European countries have served as a safeguard against Internet overuse.(另一些人则强调重建线下联系，指出某些中欧国家牢固的家庭关系已成为防止网络过度使用的保障。)” 可知，作者对“Z世代”的建议是加强与他人的线下联系。 Passage 4（安徽宣城市2025-2026学年第二学期高一期末测试英语试题） If you order up coffee on a mobile app while scrolling (滚动) your social feeds, or can’t stop watching videos and reading news articles on your phone at bedtime, listen up! Researchers studied what happened when people agreed to cut off the Internet from their smartphones for just two weeks. It turned out that 91% felt better after the break. The research included 467 participants, aged 18 to 74, who agreed to join the study program. So, what would it be like to go back to those days? No social media, no mobile apps, and no streaming shows. The researchers measured three different outcomes of well-being, mood and attention at the beginning, middle and end of the four-week study. While 91% of participants improved their scores in at least one category, 71% reported better mental health after the break, compared to before, and 73% reported better subjective well-being. All in all, they had better mental health, better subjective well-being and better sustained attention. “The size of these effects is larger than we expected,” says the study’s first author, Noah Castelo, an assistant professor at the University of Alberta in Canada. It’s not clear how long-lasting the effect of less time online would be, but this study confirms what has been found in observational studies. He says it’s not that people stop using the Internet, but they spend more time engaging in healthy behaviors like staying in nature, socializing, and doing hobbies. People also get more sleep and feel more socially connected to other people. Most people say they don’t want to be tied to their devices. They know their phones are a problem, but they just can’t stop. It’s nearly impossible to go cold turkey, considering the demands of our society. But what to do if you want to try this? Try taking a few ways to cut back on your screen time. 1. What problem does the author mention at the beginning of the text? A．Lack of sleep. B．Social anxiety. C．Over-dependence on mobile phones. D．Online shopping craze. 2. What can we learn about the study? A．It surveyed people of all ages. B．It assessed changes in four aspects. C．It disconnected participants from the network service. D．It mainly focused on the problems of smartphones. 3. Which statement would Castelo agree with? A．The participants made positive lifestyle changes. B．Using the Internet does more harm than good. C．More experiments are required to confirm the result. D．People off the Internet are more skilled at socializing. 4. What will probably be discussed in the following paragraphs? A．How to satisfy the demands of our work. B．How to reduce our time on the screen. C．Why staying online 24/7 is impossible. D．Why keeping away from our devices is hard. 【答案】 1. C 2. C 3. A 4. B 【导语】 本文介绍了一项研究发现断网两周对参与者身心健康和注意力有积极影响，呼吁人们尝试减少屏幕使用时间。 【详解】 【小题1】细节理解题。根据第一段中 “If you order up coffee on a mobile app while scrolling (滚动) your social feeds, or can’t stop watching videos and reading news articles on your phone at bedtime, listen up!(如果你刷社交动态的时候用移动应用点咖啡，或者睡前忍不住在手机上刷视频读新闻，听好了！)” 可知，文章开头描述了人们随时随地使用手机的日常状态，即过度依赖手机的问题。 【小题2】细节理解题。根据第一段中 “Researchers studied what happened when people agreed to cut off the Internet from their smartphones for just two weeks.(研究者研究了当人们同意断开智能手机网络连接仅两周后，会发生什么变化)” 可知，该研究让参与者断开智能手机网络服务。 【小题3】推理判断题。根据第三段中 “He says it’s not that people stop using the Internet, but they spend more time engaging in healthy behaviors like staying in nature, socializing, and doing hobbies. People also get more sleep and feel more socially connected to other people.(他表示，这不是说人们停止使用互联网，而是他们会花更多时间参与健康行为，比如接触自然、社交、发展爱好。人们还能拥有更多睡眠，感受到和他人的社交联结更强)” 可知，人们在断网后会投入健康生活方式，比如接触自然、社交、发展爱好，所以可推测出，Castelo认为参与研究的参与者做出了积极的生活方式改变。 【小题4】推理判断题。根据最后一段中 “But what to do if you want to try this? Try taking a few ways to cut back on your screen time.(但如果你想要尝试这么做，该怎么做呢？不妨试试几个减少屏幕使用时间的方法)” 可知，文章结尾引出了 “减少屏幕时间的方法” 这一话题，因此后续段落最可能讨论如何减少屏幕使用时间。 Passage 5 Have you ever found     1     (you) endlessly scrolling (滚屏) through your social media feeds seeking out the latest depressing news stories? This phenomenon, known as “doomscrolling,” has become increasingly common in today’s digital age. But this habit is far from     2     (harm). Psychological research suggests that this use of media could     3     (potential) be a form of self-sabotage (自我破坏) that, if     4     (leave) unaddressed, could have serious consequences for our mental well-being. It may be difficult to understand why anyone would engage in behaviors     5     only lead to sadness or pain. In the moment, doomscrolling may feel like     6     attempt to arm ourselves with knowledge. We scroll helplessly, armed with the knowledge of every awful thing     7     (happen) in the world. At the same time, we bear the guilt that there is nothing we can do to stop these events. Doomscrolling may provide a false sense     8     control and safety in an uncertain world. In reality, the habit only    9     (make) the world seem more dangerous and sad than it actually is. When caught in such a cycle of self-sabotage, the most important     10     (aware) to have is to know when to put your phone down, and when to embrace (欣然接受) good news for a change. 【答案】 1. yourself 2. harmless 3. potentially 4. left 5. that/which 6. an 7. happening 8. of 9. makes 10. awareness 【导语】 文章主要介绍“末日刷屏”现象，分析其成因、危害并提醒人们适时放下手机守护心理健康。 【详解】 【小题1】yourself考查代词。句意：你是否曾发现自己无休止地刷社交媒体信息流，寻找最新的令人沮丧的新闻故事？本空作动词found的宾语，指代句子主语you自身，需要用反身代词yourself。 【小题2】harmless考查形容词。句意：但这个习惯绝非无害。本空作表语，表达“无害的”含义，用形容词harmless。 【小题3】potentially考查副词。句意：心理学研究表明，这种媒体使用方式可能是一种自我破坏行为，如果不加以干预，会对我们的心理健康造成严重影响。本空修饰动词be，作状语，用副词potentially “潜在地，可能地”。 【小题4】left考查非谓语动词。句意：心理学研究表明，这种媒体使用方式可能是一种自我破坏行为，如果不加以干预，会对我们的心理健康造成严重影响。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时从句主语为it，且从句包含“主语 + be动词”的结构，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。逻辑主语this use of media和动词leave之间是被动关系，本空用过去分词left。 【小题5】that/which考查定语从句。句意：我们可能很难理解为什么有人会做出只会带来悲伤或痛苦的行为。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词behaviors，先行词指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，需要用关系代词that/which引导。 【小题6】an考查冠词。句意：当下，“末日刷屏”可能感觉像是一次用知识武装自己的尝试。此处表示泛指“一次尝试”，且attempt以辅音音素开头，需要用不定冠词an。 【小题7】happening考查非谓语动词。句意：我们无助地刷着手机，了解着世界上正在发生的每一件糟糕的事。本空作后置定语，修饰不定代词thing，happen和thing之间是主动关系，且此处强调动作正在进行，需要用现在分词happening。 【小题8】of考查介词。句意：在充满不确定性的世界里，“末日刷屏”可能会给人一种虚假的掌控感和安全感。固定搭配a sense of表示“一种……的感觉”，需要用介词of。 【小题9】makes考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：实际上，这个习惯只会让世界看起来比真实情况更危险、更悲伤。本空作句子的谓语，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语the habit是第三人称单数，谓语动词需要用第三人称单数形式makes。 【小题10】awareness考查名词。句意：当陷入这种自我消耗的循环时，我们最重要的认知就是懂得何时放下手机，换个心情去接纳好消息。本空在句子中作主语，用名词awareness “意识，认知”。 迁移应用篇 一、单句语法填空 1.I was frightened to death when I caught sight of a snake in the (distant). 2.The artist who is under pressure wants to look for (inspire) in this beautiful small town. 3.[2026天津静海第一中学月考]There is no doubt that we can benefit regular mental and physical exercise. 4.Emmanuel Chappard, an experienced guide, has a passion for making the great outdoors (access) to all. 5.[2024浙江1月]Of course, shops are not (charity)—they price goods in the way that will make them the most money. 6.[2026黑龙江大庆实验中学期中]We are closely monitoring the situation and will provide live (update) as they come in. 7.Due to the rapid advancement of Internet technology, acquiring digital skills is (benefit) to every student's future career development. 8.With the development of the Internet, it is (convenience) for students to access learning resources; however, to truly gain from this trend, they should make full use of this advantage and acquire new knowledge their convenience. 【答案】 1.distance　考查名词。句意:当我看到远处有一条蛇时,我吓得要死。根据空前的in the可知设空处应用名词,in the distance意为“在远处”。故填distance。 2.inspiration　考查名词。句意:这位处于压力之下的画家想在这个美丽的小镇寻找灵感。设空处作look for的宾语,应用名词;inspire的名词形式是inspiration,作“灵感”讲时为不可数名词。故填inspiration。 3.from　考查介词。句意:毫无疑问,我们可以从定期的身心锻炼中获益。benefit from...意为“从……中受益”,为固定搭配。故填from。 4.accessible　考查形容词。句意:Emmanuel Chappard是一位经验丰富的导游,他热衷于让所有人都能亲近大自然。(be) accessible to sb.意为“某人可接近/得到/使用”。故填accessible。 5.charities　考查名词复数。句意:当然,商店并非慈善机构——它们以最能赚钱的方式给商品定价。设空处作表语,charity作“慈善机构”讲时为可数名词,其前没有限定词,所以应用名词复数。故填charities。 6.updates　考查名词复数。句意:我们正在密切关注局势,并将在有最新消息时提供实时更新。设空处作宾语,应用名词,update 为可数名词;根据空后的“as they come in”可知,此处指多条最新消息,应用名词复数。故填updates。 7.beneficial　考查形容词。句意:由于互联网技术的快速发展,学习数字技能对每一位学生的未来职业发展都是有益的。设空处作表语,be beneficial to意为“对……有益”。故填beneficial。 8.convenient;at　考查形容词和介词。句意:随着互联网的发展,学生能方便地获取学习资源;然而,要想真正从这一趋势中受益,他们应该充分利用这一优势,在方便的时候学习新知识。第一空作表语,it is convenient (for sb.) to do sth.意为“(对某人来说)做某事很方便”,故填convenient;at one's convenience意为“在某人方便时”,为固定短语,故第二空填at。 二、应用文写作 (2021·全国乙卷) 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Be smart online learners为题写一篇发言稿参赛。内容包括:1.分析优势与不足; 2.提出学习建议。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【范文】 Be smart online learners Good morning,everyone, I feel greatly privileged to stand here to deliver a speech titled “Be smart online learners”. It’s widely acknowledged that online learning is becoming increasingly popular with Chinese due to its convenience as well as flexibility. However,online learning also presents us learners with challenges in terms of self-discipline and time management.That’s why we should develop a positive attitude towards online learning. First of all, we’d better obey our school timetable at home, which will surely contribute to our learning productivity. Besides, it’s wise to follow the teachers closely in online class so that we can become more involved,focused and motivated. Follow these tips, and we will become smart online learners.  That’s all! Thank you. 【分析】 1. 词汇积累 privileged 有幸的；deliver a speech 发表演讲；flexibility n. 灵活性 self-discipline n. 自律；productivity n. 学习效率；motivated adj. 积极主动的 2. 高分句式 I feel greatly privileged to stand here to deliver a speech titled “Be smart online learners”. （不定式作状语，标题后置，演讲稿经典开篇句型） It’s widely acknowledged that online learning is becoming increasingly popular with Chinese due to its convenience as well as flexibility. （It 作形式主语，that 引导主语从句；due to 引出原因，书面高级句式） However,online learning also presents us learners with challenges in terms of self-discipline and time management. （present sb. with sth. 固定搭配；in terms of 就…… 而言） Follow these tips,and we will become smart online learners. （祈使句 + and + 陈述句，高考高频句型） 3. 篇章结构 第一段：问候 + 演讲标题，引出线上学习普及的现状。 第二段：转折提出网课考验自律与时间管理，分两点给出对策：遵守作息、课堂紧跟老师。 第三段：结束语，简洁收尾。 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 4 information and Technology 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 识·单元要点概览 读·外刊拓展阅读 （来源：CNBC） AI Traffic Surpasses Human Users on the Internet A recent report has revealed that automated traffic — internet activity generated by software systems and AI — has now surpassed human activity online. The findings mark a significant shift in how the internet operates. According to the report released by Human Security, a cybersecurity firm, automated traffic grew almost eight times faster than human activity in 2025. The rise of popular AI tools like ChatGPT, Claude and Gemini has played a major role in this change, with AI-related traffic increasing by 187% over the course of the year. “The internet was created with the basic idea that there’s a human being on the other side of the screen, and that idea is being replaced very quickly,” said Stu Solomon, the CEO of Human Security. The report was based on data from the company‘s security platform, which processed over one quadrillion interactions. However, experts note that measuring automated traffic across the entire internet is challenging. There is no single complete database of all online interactions. Filippo Menczer, a professor at Indiana University, explained that estimates of bot traffic depend heavily on where and how data is collected, making them unreliable. One commonly used method to identify automated traffic is through “user-agent strings” — labels that web crawlers use to identify themselves. But the report acknowledges that this self-identification method is becoming less trustworthy, as many automated systems can hide or change their labels. The report also highlighted the rapid growth of “agentic” activity — AI agents that act autonomously on behalf of users. While such activity was extremely low in 2024, it grew by nearly 8,000% in 2025. Not all automated traffic is harmful. Popular features like Google‘s AI Overview and autofill are also part of automated systems. “The idea that machines are bad and humans are good is just not realistic,” Solomon said. “We have to live in a world where machines act on our behalf, and we need to build trust that lasts.” Although the report is not a complete picture of internet activity, it serves as an important benchmark in the age of AI. Industry leaders have predicted that AI bots could soon become the dominant force online. At a recent tech conference, Cloudflare’s CEO Matthew Prince predicted that AI bots would exceed human traffic by 2027, driven by generative AI‘s increasing demand for data. 【全文翻译】 AI 流量超越人类用户，互联网迎来新拐点 一份最新报告显示，由软件系统和人工智能产生的自动化流量，已正式超过人类活动，成为互联网流量的主要来源。这一发现标志着互联网运行模式发生了重大转变。 网络安全公司 Human Security 发布的报告显示，2025 年，自动化流量的增长速度几乎是人类活动的八倍。ChatGPT、Claude 和 Gemini 等流行 AI 工具的兴起是这一变化的主要推手，仅一年时间，与 AI 相关的流量就激增了 187%。 Human Security 的首席执行官斯图·所罗门（Stu Solomon）表示：“互联网创建之初的基本理念是，屏幕的另一端是一个活生生的人，而这个理念正在被迅速取代。” 该报告基于公司安全平台处理的数据，这些平台分析了超过一千万亿次网络交互。不过，专家指出，要精确衡量整个互联网的自动化流量颇具挑战，因为目前并没有一个能囊括所有在线交互的完整数据库。印第安纳大学教授菲利波·门策尔（Filippo Menczer）解释说，机器人流量的估算结果在很大程度上取决于数据的收集地点和方式，因此并不可靠。 识别自动化流量的一种常用方法是查看“用户代理字符串”（user-agent strings）——这是网络爬虫用来自报家门的一种标签。但报告也承认，这种自我识别的方法正变得越来越不可信，因为许多自动化系统可以隐藏或更改它们的标签。 报告还强调了“代理式”（agentic）活动的快速增长——即代表用户自主行动的 AI 代理。这类活动在 2024 年还微乎其微，但在 2025 年增长了近 8000%。 并非所有自动化流量都有害。谷歌的 AI 概览（AI Overview）和自动填充（autofill）等流行功能也属于自动化系统的一部分。所罗门说：“认为机器是坏的，而人类是好的，这种想法并不现实。我们必须生活在一个机器代表我们行动的世界里，我们需要建立持久的信任。” 尽管这份报告并未完整描绘出互联网活动的全貌，但它在 AI 时代提供了一个重要的基准。业界领袖们曾预测，AI 机器人很快将成为网络上的主导力量。 在最近的一次科技会议上，Cloudflare 的首席执行官马修·普林斯（Matthew Prince）预测，受生成式 AI 对数据日益增长的需求驱动，到 2027 年，AI 机器人的流量将超过人类。 【核心词汇】 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ①traffic n. 流量；交通 ②surpass v. 超过；胜过 ③automated adj. 自动化的 ④significant adj. 重大的；显著的 ⑤release v. 发布；释放 ⑥firm n. 公司；商行 ⑦generate v. 产生；生成 ⑧interaction n. 互动；交互 ⑨expert n. 专家 ⑩measure v. 测量；评估 ⑪depend on 依靠；取决于 ⑫identify v. 识别；确认 ⑬acknowledge v. 承认；认可 ⑭hide v. 隐藏；隐瞒 ⑮autonomously adv. 自主地 ⑯represent v. 代表 ⑰harmful adj. 有害的 ⑱benchmark n. 基准；参照标准 ⑲dominant adj. 占主导地位的 ⑳predict v. 预测；预言 【长难句分析】 1. A recent report has revealed that automated traffic — internet activity generated by software systems and AI — has now surpassed human activity online. 句意：一份近期报告显示，自动化流量，即由软件系统和人工智能产生的网络活动，如今已经超过线上人类活动流量。 分析：本句主干为 A recent report has revealed that…，that 引导宾语从句；破折号之间 internet activity generated by software systems and AI 作 automated traffic 的同位语，其中 generated by software systems and AI 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 internet activity；宾语从句内 automated traffic 为主语，has surpassed 为谓语，human activity online 为宾语。 2. The rise of popular AI tools like ChatGPT, Claude and Gemini has played a major role in this change, with AI-related traffic increasing by 187% over the course of the year. 句意：ChatGPT、Claude、Gemini 等热门人工智能工具的兴起是促成这一变化的主要因素，全年人工智能相关流量增长了 187%。 分析：本句主干 The rise of popular AI tools has played a major role；like ChatGPT, Claude and Gemini 作后置定语修饰 AI tools；in this change 为地点状语；with AI-related traffic increasing… 是 with 复合结构（with + 名词 + 现在分词），在句中作伴随状语。 3. “The internet was created with the basic idea that there’s a human being on the other side of the screen, and that idea is being replaced very quickly,” said Stu Solomon, the CEO of Human Security. 句意：人类安全公司首席执行官斯图・所罗门表示：“互联网创立的基本设想是屏幕另一端是人类，而这个设想正被迅速颠覆。” 分析：引号内为直接引语，由 and 连接两个并列分句；第一个分句中 that 引导同位语从句，解释说明 the basic idea；the CEO of Human Security 是同位语，修饰 Stu Solomon；第二个分句使用现在进行时的被动语态。 4. The report was based on data from the company‘s security platform, which processed over one quadrillion interactions. 句意：这份报告依据该公司安全平台的数据撰写，该平台处理了超过一千万亿次网络交互。 分析：本句主干 The report was based on data；from the company’s security platform 是介词短语作后置定语修饰 data；which 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 security platform，which 在从句中充当主语。 5. Filippo Menczer, a professor at Indiana University, explained that estimates of bot traffic depend heavily on where and how data is collected, making them unreliable. 句意：印第安纳大学教授菲利波・门策解释，机器人流量的估算极大程度取决于数据收集的地点与方式，这使得估算结果并不可靠。 分析：a professor at Indiana University 作主语 Filippo Menczer 的同位语；that 引导宾语从句；宾语从句内部 where and how data is collected 是宾语从句，作介词 on 的宾语；句尾 making them unreliable 为现在分词短语，作结果状语。 6. But the report acknowledges that this self-identification method is becoming less trustworthy, as many automated systems can hide or change their labels. 句意：但该报告承认，这种自我标识方式的可信度正在下降，因为许多自动化系统能够隐藏或更改自身标识。 分析：句子主干 the report acknowledges that…，that 引导宾语从句；as 引导原因状语从句，置于宾语从句内部，解释可信度下降的原因。 7. While such activity was extremely low in 2024, it grew by nearly 8,000% in 2025. 句意：尽管这类活动在 2024 年规模极小，但它在 2025 年涨幅接近 8000%。 分析：While 引导让步状语从句，表示 “尽管”；主句主语 it 指代前文 agentic activity；grew 为主句谓语，by nearly 8,000% 作程度状语。 8. At a recent tech conference, Cloudflare’s CEO Matthew Prince predicted that AI bots would exceed human traffic by 2027, driven by generative AI‘s increasing demand for data. 句意：在近期一场科技会议上，云锐首席执行官马修・普林斯预测，受生成式人工智能不断增长的数据需求推动，人工智能机器人流量将在 2027 年超过人类流量。 分析：At a recent tech conference 作地点状语；主干为 Matthew Prince predicted that…；that 引导宾语从句；driven by generative AI‘s increasing demand for data 是过去分词短语，在宾语从句中作原因状语。 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1（湖北襄阳市致远中学2025-2026学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题） Can you remember your friends’ birthdays or your parents’ phone numbers without checking your phone? If not, you are not alone. While dementia, a term used by some scholars to describe reduced cognitive (认知的) functions, is generally seen in older adults, researchers have noted that similar problems are present in the younger population as well. Though not a formal medical name, digital dementia is related to memory loss and poor concentration that may result from overuse of digital devices. Studies show that the brain’s frontal lobe (额叶) helps us manage information, memory, decision-making, and emotional control. However, when we spend hours scrolling (刷屏) through endless amounts of insignificant content, this area of the brain can become overpacked. The result is like a house filled with piles of unsorted garbage: too much information enters, but the brain struggles to organize it into clear categories or meaningful connections. Over time, this “garbage house” state leaves us distracted, forgetful, and mentally exhausted. The problem has become serious enough that Russia recently opened medical centers specifically for smartphone-related dementia. Doctors there report that patients often have difficulty recalling words, writing complex characters, or functioning without their phones. Patients are encouraged to cut down on screen time and engage in offline activities to reactivate cognitive functions. They are also advised to improve sleep, diet, and physical exercise, since these lifestyle factors directly impact brain health. Of course, digital devices are not evil. They provide quick access to information and make communication easier than ever before. However, when we allow technology to take over all of our thinking tasks, our brains lose the exercise they need to stay alert. By setting limits, practicing memory skills, and giving our brains time to rest, we can keep technology in its proper place and ensure that our minds stay clear, active, and strong. 1. What does digital dementia refer to? A．A common problem among the old. B．A sudden failure of natural memory. C．A mental disease with a formal name. D．A cognitive drop from digital overuse. 2. How does smartphone overuse affect the brain’s frontal lobe? A．It helps organize information efficiently. B．It strengthens the ability to remember. C．It loads the brain with mixed information. D．It reduces the overall input to the brain. 3. Why are Russian medical centers mentioned? A．To show evidence of harm. B．To compare with other countries. C．To advertise medical service. D．To prove digital dementia is curable. 4. Which of the following best describes the author’s view about digital devices? A．Supportive. B．Negative. C．Careful. D．Doubtful. Passage 2 Do you concern that you have spent too much time on surfing online with your phone? But does stepping away from your phone really make a difference? Researchers say yes, and a hiatus in surfing the internet on your phone can do wonders. The researchers included 467 participants (参与者), aged 18 to 74, who were asked to install (安装) a mobile phone application to block all mobile internet access from their smartphones for a month. Although the participants had to block the internet on their phones, they were allowed to maintain mobile connection (through texts and calls) and non-mobile access to the internet (e.g. through desktop computers). During the study, the researchers measured the participants’ happiness by using the model that consists of self-reported positive effect, negative effect, and life satisfaction. And a survey, which is often used by doctors to test depression and anxiety, was conducted to rate the participants’ overall mental health. Besides, the participants’ attention was examined by a computer task. All the measures were taken at the beginning, middle and end of the four-week study. The results showed that 91% of the participants improved their scores in at least one aspect (方面). 71% reported better mental health after the break, compared to before, and 73% reported better happiness. A break from the internet on their phones also improved the participants’ attention. “The effects on attention were about as large as if the participants had become 10 years younger,” said one of the researchers. “I’m not surprised by the findings,” says Dr. Julia, a psychologist at New York University. “Most people know their phones are a problem, but they just can’t stop,” she says, “When they start to behave as those in study — more exercise, time outdoors, good sleep, more social interactions — they naturally start to feel better. When people see this improvement in joy in such a short period of time, it gives them hope to have a try.” 1. What does the underlined word “hiatus” refer to? A．Break. B．Belief. C．Review. D．Preference. 2. What were the participants required to do during the study? A．To block the calls from their friends. B．To stop going online with their mobile. C．To text the researchers from time to time. D．To limit their access to physical activities. 3. What do we know about the process of the study? A．Three measuring methods were conducted. B．Doctors were invited to examine the participants. C．Computers were used to report the positive effects. D．The participants’ attention was measured by a survey. 4. What does Dr. Julia think of the findings of the study? A．Unexpected. B．Creative. C．Confusing. D．Encouraging. Passage 3（河南省部分名校2025-2026学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题） While global youth have generally become happier over the past twenty years, a troubling change has appeared in developed nations. According to the latest World Happiness Report, young people in the United States and several Western European countries are experiencing an obvious drop in well-being. This unexpected downturn has caused heated discussion among researchers trying to identify the causes of this “unhappiness epidemic” in the world’s most wealthy regions. The primary reason they think is the heavy use of social media. Data suggest that individuals spending over five hours daily on digital platforms report much lower satisfaction. Interestingly, the harm is not the same; teenage girls appear more sensitive (敏感的) to the harmful nature of carefully selected online content. This dissatisfaction often comes from constant social comparison and the pressure to keep an idealized digital image, which brings social exclusion. However, a question makes the problem harder: why do young people remain on these apps if they feel unhappy? Research directed by Cass Sunstein shows a “peer (同龄人) group” trap. They stay active not out of enjoyment, but out of a fear of being the only one to withdraw (退出). In experiments, students expressed a willingness to pay for their entire peer group to quit social media together, yet they would only stay away from these apps alone if they got a large reward. To address these challenges, experts suggest a shift in how society views digital engagement (参与). Some argue that social media should be treated as an adult product, given its links to addiction and cyberbullying. Others stress rebuilding offline connections, noting that strong family relationships in certain Central European countries have served as a safeguard against Internet overuse. Solving this requires more than just removing apps; it demands a cultural change. By setting proper limits online and valuing face-to-face communication more, “Gen Z” can lessen the harm social media does to their mental health. Only by recognizing social media as a tool rather than a social requirement can we recover the lost well-being of the younger generation. 1. What does the “unhappiness epidemic” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．Fall in youth’s well-being. B．Economic downturn. C．Happiness anxiety around the world. D．Rapid spread of digital addiction. 2. Why does social media harm teenage girls more? A．They spend more time on platforms. B．They fail to find proper digital images. C．They face pressure from social comparison. D．They value online content more than real life. 3. What does the research mentioned in paragraph 3 find? A．Social media has become a pressure for the youth. B．Peer groups are necessary for digital engagement. C．Students enjoy staying active with their peers. D．Individual withdrawal brings a great reward. 4. What is the author’s advice for “Gen Z”? A．Quit using social media apps slowly. B．Follow the social requirement strictly. C．Strengthen offline connection with others. D．Promote the use of advanced digital tools. Passage 4（安徽宣城市2025-2026学年第二学期高一期末测试英语试题） If you order up coffee on a mobile app while scrolling (滚动) your social feeds, or can’t stop watching videos and reading news articles on your phone at bedtime, listen up! Researchers studied what happened when people agreed to cut off the Internet from their smartphones for just two weeks. It turned out that 91% felt better after the break. The research included 467 participants, aged 18 to 74, who agreed to join the study program. So, what would it be like to go back to those days? No social media, no mobile apps, and no streaming shows. The researchers measured three different outcomes of well-being, mood and attention at the beginning, middle and end of the four-week study. While 91% of participants improved their scores in at least one category, 71% reported better mental health after the break, compared to before, and 73% reported better subjective well-being. All in all, they had better mental health, better subjective well-being and better sustained attention. “The size of these effects is larger than we expected,” says the study’s first author, Noah Castelo, an assistant professor at the University of Alberta in Canada. It’s not clear how long-lasting the effect of less time online would be, but this study confirms what has been found in observational studies. He says it’s not that people stop using the Internet, but they spend more time engaging in healthy behaviors like staying in nature, socializing, and doing hobbies. People also get more sleep and feel more socially connected to other people. Most people say they don’t want to be tied to their devices. They know their phones are a problem, but they just can’t stop. It’s nearly impossible to go cold turkey, considering the demands of our society. But what to do if you want to try this? Try taking a few ways to cut back on your screen time. 1. What problem does the author mention at the beginning of the text? A．Lack of sleep. B．Social anxiety. C．Over-dependence on mobile phones. D．Online shopping craze. 2. What can we learn about the study? A．It surveyed people of all ages. B．It assessed changes in four aspects. C．It disconnected participants from the network service. D．It mainly focused on the problems of smartphones. 3. Which statement would Castelo agree with? A．The participants made positive lifestyle changes. B．Using the Internet does more harm than good. C．More experiments are required to confirm the result. D．People off the Internet are more skilled at socializing. 4. What will probably be discussed in the following paragraphs? A．How to satisfy the demands of our work. B．How to reduce our time on the screen. C．Why staying online 24/7 is impossible. D．Why keeping away from our devices is hard. Passage 5 Have you ever found     1     (you) endlessly scrolling (滚屏) through your social media feeds seeking out the latest depressing news stories? This phenomenon, known as “doomscrolling,” has become increasingly common in today’s digital age. But this habit is far from     2     (harm). Psychological research suggests that this use of media could     3     (potential) be a form of self-sabotage (自我破坏) that, if     4     (leave) unaddressed, could have serious consequences for our mental well-being. It may be difficult to understand why anyone would engage in behaviors     5     only lead to sadness or pain. In the moment, doomscrolling may feel like     6     attempt to arm ourselves with knowledge. We scroll helplessly, armed with the knowledge of every awful thing     7     (happen) in the world. At the same time, we bear the guilt that there is nothing we can do to stop these events. Doomscrolling may provide a false sense     8     control and safety in an uncertain world. In reality, the habit only    9     (make) the world seem more dangerous and sad than it actually is. When caught in such a cycle of self-sabotage, the most important     10     (aware) to have is to know when to put your phone down, and when to embrace (欣然接受) good news for a change. 迁移应用篇 一、单句语法填空 1.I was frightened to death when I caught sight of a snake in the (distant). 2.The artist who is under pressure wants to look for (inspire) in this beautiful small town. 3.[2026天津静海第一中学月考]There is no doubt that we can benefit regular mental and physical exercise. 4.Emmanuel Chappard, an experienced guide, has a passion for making the great outdoors (access) to all. 5.[2024浙江1月]Of course, shops are not (charity)—they price goods in the way that will make them the most money. 6.[2026黑龙江大庆实验中学期中]We are closely monitoring the situation and will provide live (update) as they come in. 7.Due to the rapid advancement of Internet technology, acquiring digital skills is (benefit) to every student's future career development. 8.With the development of the Internet, it is (convenience) for students to access learning resources; however, to truly gain from this trend, they should make full use of this advantage and acquire new knowledge their convenience. 二、应用文写作 (2021·全国乙卷) 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Be smart online learners为题写一篇发言稿参赛。内容包括:1.分析优势与不足; 2.提出学习建议。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ $