Unit 4 Period 2 Learning About Language（分层作业）英语人教版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 分层设计清晰，从词汇词块基础巩固到语篇综合应用，衔接高考，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|基础词汇转换与词块含义|直接考查单元核心词汇，夯实语言基础| |B组能力进阶|词汇拼写与语法应用|结合语法填空与句型翻译，提升语言应用能力| |C组思维拔高|语篇理解与综合分析|选取跨文化主题语篇，培养思维品质| |拓展链接高考|高考真题实战|对接高考题型，强化应试能力|

分层作业 Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land Period 2 Learning About Language 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 一．词汇转换 1．pleasant adj.令人愉快的；友好的→ adj.高兴的；满意的→ v．(使)高兴；(使)满意→ n．愉快；快乐 2．literally adv.字面上；真正地→ adj.字面意义的 3．breath n．呼吸的空气→ vi.& vt.呼吸；呼气→ adj.气喘吁吁的；使人窒息的 4．freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的→ vi.& vt.(过去式 ，过去分词 )结冰；(使)冻住 5．thunder vi.打雷；轰隆隆地响；轰隆隆地快速移动 n．雷声；轰隆声→ n．雷雨；雷暴 6．frost n．霜；严寒天气；霜冻 vt.使蒙上霜 vi.结霜→ adj.严寒的；霜冻的 二．写出下列词块的含义 1．all the way　 2．a couple of 3．take a boat ride 4．take their breath away 5．mountain goats 6．take a coach 7．the oil and gas drilling industry 8．a bunch of farms 9．a duration of four days 10．thunder on/past 一．单词拼写 1.The river 　　　　(结冰) overnight, which was unexpected.   2.She doesn't like chocolate desserts, which is 　　　　(相反的) to my expectations.  3.The wide plain, with thousands of animals on the move, was 　　　　(令人惊叹的).  4.I'm sure the beautiful 　　　　(风景) in Jiuzhaigou Valley will take your breath away.  5.Niagara Falls, one of the most famous natural wonders of the world, is located on the b　　　　 between New York and Ontario.  二．单元语法专练 A 1.Taking pictures of polar bears is 　　　　　(amaze) but dangerous.  2.Ordinary soap, 　　　　　(use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.  3.A group of old people sat under a big tree, 　　　　　(chat) over a cup of tea.  4.The child looked at his father with a 　　　　　(confuse) look on his face.  5.　　　　　(put) into use in 2024, the hotline is for residents to report heating breakdowns.  6.We were so 　　　　　(amaze) that they could stay underwater much longer than local islanders.  7.In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 　　　　　(surround) in concentric(同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City.  8.　　　　　(cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.  9.　　　　　(consider) as “the mother of all gardens under the sun”, the garden is divided into the eastern, central, western and residential parts.   10.Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, 　　　　　(inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.  B 1.这是个令人惊叹的节目,在节目里你可以和学生们分享你的想法。(amaze) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 where you can share your ideas with students.   2.每天播出的“Talk and Talk”节目信息量大,节奏快。 (broadcast) The program “Talk and Talk”　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 contains a large quantity of information with a fast pace.   3.由于不知道如何解这道物理难题,他向老师求助。 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the difficult physics problem, he turned to the teacher for help.   4.朝南的房间是为六人设计的,非常明亮,我们不仅可以在知识的海洋中得到乐趣,还可以晒太阳。(design,face) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, the room 　　　　 　　　　 is so bright that we can not only enjoy ourselves in the sea of knowledge but bask in sunshine.   A （25-26高一下·陕西榆林·期末）After 20 years of careful preparation, the Grand Egyptian Museum has finally opened its door to the public. Located just outside Cairo and right next to the famous Giza Pyramids, the $1 billion museum has more than 50,000 valuable ancient Egyptian treasures — that’s a huge number for an ancient history museum. Building work on the museum started in 2005, with many of its old treasures moved from the century-old Egyptian Museum in downtown Cairo. In its entrance stands the statue of one of Egypt’s most famous pharaohs (法老), Ramesses the Great. The 3,200-year-old, 11-meter-tall statue used to stand in the center of a roundabout in front of Cairo’s main train station. From the museum’s entrance, a six-story set of stairs goes up to the main display rooms and a view of the nearby pyramids, which can also be visited by crossing a bridge from the museum. It opened on November 1, including two new halls for King Tutankhamun’s 5,000-piece collection. It’s the first time all these rare things have been shown together since his tomb was discovered in 1922. The old Egyptian Museum didn’t have enough space to show all the rare things at once. Egypt’s government hopes the museum will draw more tourists: It welcomed a record 15.7 million visitors in 2024 and hopes for 30 million by 2032. Hassan Allam, the museum’s operator, expects 15,000 to 20,000 daily visitors. “The world has been waiting for this moment… Everyone’s exhilarated,” he said. 1．When did the building work on the Grand Egyptian Museum start? A．In 1922. B．In 2005. C．In 2023. D．In 2024. 2．How are paragraphs 3&4 organized? A．By following space order. B．By following time order. C．By making a comparison. D．By listing numbers. 3．Why did the old museum fail to show all 5,000 Tutankhamun pieces together? A．For its poor lighting. B．For the lack of money. C．For security worries. D．For its limited room. 4．What does the underlined word “exhilarated” mean in the last paragraph? A．Silent. B．Equal. C．Excited. D．Experienced. B （25-26高二下·辽宁·期末）For many visitors, Xi’an is just a dusty stop to see the Terracotta Warriors before moving on. They think the city is not as splendid as it used to be — once the world’s largest city, now just a Tier II (二线) city in northwest China. When I first arrived here six years ago, I shared this common doubt. But my daily life in this old city quickly changed my mind. I still remember my first morning in Xi’an. I walked along the ancient city wall at dawn, watching locals cycle to work and sell fresh vegetables at street stalls. Later, when I started teaching at a local university, I was surprised by how many international students chose to study here, drawn by the city’s low cost of living and famously safe environment. These small, everyday moments made me realize Xi’an is far from stuck in the past. The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has given Xi’an a new, dynamic life. The Chang’an freight trains run day and night, carrying goods between China and Europe. This has brought new jobs and businesses to the city, and I’ve seen more foreign experts coming here to work, just like me. Xi’an is slowly becoming a lively international center, just as it was centuries ago. What makes Xi’an truly special, to me, is how it balances its old soul with futuristic efficiency. Last weekend, I attended a concert of traditional music in a modern theater right next to the ancient Bell Tower. The music was thousands of years old, but the stage design used cutting-edge technology. This mix of heritage and innovation is what sets Xi’an apart from other cities. When people ask why I chose Xi’an over a busy metropolis like Shanghai, I tell them it’s because of the city’s unique balance of history, culture, and opportunity. It has given me a comfortable life and a real sense of belonging. For young people, for foreign experts, and for anyone looking for a place to grow, Xi’an offers something truly rare. It is more than a historical site — it is a blueprint for a modern, livable global city. 1．What was the author’s initial assumption of Xi’an? A．It was no longer as great as before. B．It used to be the world’s largest city. C．It was famous for Terracotta Warriors. D．It was as prosperous as ancient Chang’an. 2．Why do many international students choose to study in Xi’an? A．It enjoys low living cost and safety. B．It has convenient train routes to Europe. C．It offers job opportunities for foreigners. D．It is an ideal place to learn Chinese culture. 3．Why does the author mention a concert in paragraph 4? A．To display his passion for traditional music. B．To recall his impression of cutting-edge technology. C．To introduce wonderful cultural atmosphere of the city. D．To show the city’s mix of ancient charm and modern liveliness. 4．What is the best title of the passage? A．From East to West B．Beyond the Ancient Wall C．High-tech Is a New Label of Xi’an D．BRI Boosts the Ancient City’s economy C （25-26高一下·山西长治·期末）Tourism can be both good and bad. Yes, it brings in money for the local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals, but it may also bring some problems. 1 . Tourists have used paint, rocks, or even keys to write on the Luxor Temple in Egypt, the Colosseum in Rome, Stonehenge in the UK, memorial stones at the bottom of Qomolangma, and many, many other places. Thousands of tourist sites are being destroyed by tourists who “love them to death”. I have three words for people like this: please stop it. If you want to leave a mark on the world, do it by changing someone’s life with kindness and love. 2 . Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing the local people and life. 3 . They wander around and take pictures of local people without asking for their permission. For example, Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Yonsei University in South Korea have great numbers of tourists visiting their campuses and walking through their libraries and other public areas, taking pictures of students, and disturbing their studies. Another example is Sanlitun, a neighbourhood in Beijing, China. Some tourists love to party there late into the night, making it difficult for locals to sleep. I have three words for tourists like this: please be considerate. 4 . The number of problems from tourists is endless: walking in large groups without considering others who need to walk by, crossing roads without thinking of local traffic laws, and many more. The only way to solve the problem of the terrible tourist is to make sure that you are not one. 5 . Remember, whenever you step outside your country’s borders, you are representing your country to the rest of the world. A．Pass kindness along to future generations, not destruction. B．Be the best, kindest, most polite tourist possible. C．One growing problem is tourists who want to prove that they have visited a destination. D．It is important to learn about local customs before you travel. E．These actions not only damage cultural relics but also hurt local people’s feelings. F．Have fun in a way that does not disturb others. G．Some tourists care little about the daily lives of the local people around them. （2025·全国一卷·高考真题） The greening of planes, trains and automobiles Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green. PLANES — Synthetic hydrocarbonsThe hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One long-term option for sustainable fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air. CARS — BatteriesBatteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services. New solid-state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge. TRAINS — ElectricitySome trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. TRUCKS — Hydrogenfuel cells Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive. SHIPS — Liquid ammoniaLiquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, but it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine redesign. This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke. 1．What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018? A．11.6%. B．45.1%. C．74.5%. D．86.1%. 2．Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily? A．Planes. B．Trucks. C．Trains. D．Ships. 3．What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition? A．Limiting fuel consumption. B．Putting more effort into renewables. C．Improving energy efficiency. D．Making electricity more affordable. 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land Period 2 Learning About Language 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 一．词汇转换 1．pleasant adj.令人愉快的；友好的→ adj.高兴的；满意的→ v．(使)高兴；(使)满意→ n．愉快；快乐 2．literally adv.字面上；真正地→ adj.字面意义的 3．breath n．呼吸的空气→ vi.& vt.呼吸；呼气→ adj.气喘吁吁的；使人窒息的 4．freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的→ vi.& vt.(过去式 ，过去分词 )结冰；(使)冻住 5．thunder vi.打雷；轰隆隆地响；轰隆隆地快速移动 n．雷声；轰隆声→ n．雷雨；雷暴 6．frost n．霜；严寒天气；霜冻 vt.使蒙上霜 vi.结霜→ adj.严寒的；霜冻的 【答案】1.pleased ，please ，pleasure 2.literal 3.breathe ，breathless 4.freeze ，froze，frozen 5.thunderstorm 6.frosty 二．写出下列词块的含义 1．all the way　 2．a couple of 3．take a boat ride 4．take their breath away 5．mountain goats 6．take a coach 7．the oil and gas drilling industry 8．a bunch of farms 9．a duration of four days 10．thunder on/past 【答案】1．一路上；自始至终 2．两个；一些；几个 3．乘船出行 4．令她们惊叹不已 5．山羊 6．乘坐长途汽车7．石油天然气钻探业 8．大片大片的农田 9．四天时间 10．轰隆隆地驶过/前行 一．单词拼写 1.The river 　　　　(结冰) overnight, which was unexpected.   2.She doesn't like chocolate desserts, which is 　　　　(相反的) to my expectations.  3.The wide plain, with thousands of animals on the move, was 　　　　(令人惊叹的).  4.I'm sure the beautiful 　　　　(风景) in Jiuzhaigou Valley will take your breath away.  5.Niagara Falls, one of the most famous natural wonders of the world, is located on the b　　　　 between New York and Ontario.  【答案】1.froze　2.contrary　3.awesome　4.scenery 5.border 二．单元语法专练 A 1.Taking pictures of polar bears is 　　　　　(amaze) but dangerous.  2.Ordinary soap, 　　　　　(use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.  3.A group of old people sat under a big tree, 　　　　　(chat) over a cup of tea.  4.The child looked at his father with a 　　　　　(confuse) look on his face.  5.　　　　　(put) into use in 2024, the hotline is for residents to report heating breakdowns.  6.We were so 　　　　　(amaze) that they could stay underwater much longer than local islanders.  7.In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 　　　　　(surround) in concentric(同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City.  8.　　　　　(cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.  9.　　　　　(consider) as “the mother of all gardens under the sun”, the garden is divided into the eastern, central, western and residential parts.   10.Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, 　　　　　(inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.  1.【答案】amazing　 【解析】考查动词-ing 形式作表语。由设空处前面的Taking pictures of polar bears(主语)和is (系动词)可知,此处应用amazing作表语,表示“令人大为惊奇的”。 2.【答案】used　 【解析】考查动词-ed形式作状语。句中已有谓语动词且无连词,所以设空处应用非谓语动词的某种形式;此处指“如果被正确使用的话,普通的肥皂就可以有效除菌”,use与句子主语Ordinary soap之间为被动关系,因此应用动词-ed形式作状语。故填used。 3.【答案】chatting　 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作状语。句中已有谓语动词且无连词,所以设空处应用非谓语动词的某种形式;chat与句子主语A group of old people之间为主动关系,因此应用动词-ing形式作状语。故填chatting。 4.【答案】confused　 【解析】考查动词-ed形式作定语。设空处作定语,修饰后面的名词look(表情),应用confused,表示“困惑的”。 5.【答案】Put　 【解析】考查动词-ed形式作状语。句中已有系动词is且无连词,所以设空处应用非谓语动词的某种形式;此句指“该热线于2024年被投入使用,供居民报告供暖设备故障”,put与句子主语the hotline之间为被动关系,因此应用动词-ed形式作状语。故填Put。 6.【答案】amazed　 【解析】考查动词-ed形式作表语。由设空处前面的We(主语)和were(系动词)可知,此处应用amazed作表语,表示“(人)感到惊讶的”。 7.【答案】surrounded　 【解析】考查动词-ed形式作定语。句中已有系动词was且无连词,所以设空处应用非谓语动词的某种形式;此处指“它被由内城和外城构成的同心圆包围”,surround和the Forbidden City之间是被动关系,因此应用动词-ed形式作定语。故填surrounded。 8.【答案】Covering　 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作状语。句中已有系动词be且无连词,所以设空处应用非谓语动词的某种形式;此处指“大熊猫国家公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍”,cover与句子主语the GPNP之间为主动关系,因此应用动词-ing形式作状语。故填Covering。 9.【答案】Considered　 【解析】考查动词-ed形式作状语。句意:这个园林被视为“天下第一园”,分为东部、中部、西部和居住区。句中已有谓语动词且无连词,所以设空处应用非谓语动词的某种形式;consider与the garden之间是被动关系,因此应用动词-ed形式作状语。故填Considered。 10.【答案】inspired　 【解析】考查动词-ed形式作定语。句意:两年后,一座以《牡丹亭》为灵感的六米高的亭子在Firs Garden建成,距离莎士比亚的出生地只有十分钟的步行路程。句中已有谓语动词且无连词,所以设空处应用非谓语动词的某种形式;根据空后的介词by可知inspire与空前的pavilion之间是被动关系,因此应用动词-ed形式作定语。故填inspired。 B 1.这是个令人惊叹的节目,在节目里你可以和学生们分享你的想法。(amaze) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 where you can share your ideas with students.   2.每天播出的“Talk and Talk”节目信息量大,节奏快。 (broadcast) The program “Talk and Talk”　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 contains a large quantity of information with a fast pace.   3.由于不知道如何解这道物理难题,他向老师求助。 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the difficult physics problem, he turned to the teacher for help.   4.朝南的房间是为六人设计的,非常明亮,我们不仅可以在知识的海洋中得到乐趣,还可以晒太阳。(design,face) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, the room 　　　　 　　　　 is so bright that we can not only enjoy ourselves in the sea of knowledge but bask in sunshine.   【答案】1.This is an amazing program　2.broadcast every day 3.Not knowing how to work out　4.Designed for six people; facing south A （25-26高一下·陕西榆林·期末）After 20 years of careful preparation, the Grand Egyptian Museum has finally opened its door to the public. Located just outside Cairo and right next to the famous Giza Pyramids, the $1 billion museum has more than 50,000 valuable ancient Egyptian treasures — that’s a huge number for an ancient history museum. Building work on the museum started in 2005, with many of its old treasures moved from the century-old Egyptian Museum in downtown Cairo. In its entrance stands the statue of one of Egypt’s most famous pharaohs (法老), Ramesses the Great. The 3,200-year-old, 11-meter-tall statue used to stand in the center of a roundabout in front of Cairo’s main train station. From the museum’s entrance, a six-story set of stairs goes up to the main display rooms and a view of the nearby pyramids, which can also be visited by crossing a bridge from the museum. It opened on November 1, including two new halls for King Tutankhamun’s 5,000-piece collection. It’s the first time all these rare things have been shown together since his tomb was discovered in 1922. The old Egyptian Museum didn’t have enough space to show all the rare things at once. Egypt’s government hopes the museum will draw more tourists: It welcomed a record 15.7 million visitors in 2024 and hopes for 30 million by 2032. Hassan Allam, the museum’s operator, expects 15,000 to 20,000 daily visitors. “The world has been waiting for this moment… Everyone’s exhilarated,” he said. 1．When did the building work on the Grand Egyptian Museum start? A．In 1922. B．In 2005. C．In 2023. D．In 2024. 2．How are paragraphs 3&4 organized? A．By following space order. B．By following time order. C．By making a comparison. D．By listing numbers. 3．Why did the old museum fail to show all 5,000 Tutankhamun pieces together? A．For its poor lighting. B．For the lack of money. C．For security worries. D．For its limited room. 4．What does the underlined word “exhilarated” mean in the last paragraph? A．Silent. B．Equal. C．Excited. D．Experienced. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】主要介绍大埃及博物馆的建造历程、馆藏展品、场馆布局以及埃及政府对其旅游价值的期许。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Building work on the museum started in 2005 (这座博物馆的建造工程于2005年动工)”，可知开工时间为2005年。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“In its entrance stands the statue of one of Egypt’s most famous pharaohs(法老) (博物馆入口矗立着法老雕像)”以及第四段“From the museum’s entrance, a six-story set of stairs goes up to the main display rooms (从博物馆入口，一段六层楼梯通往主展厅)”，两段依照“入口→展厅”的空间方位进行介绍，属于空间顺序。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The old Egyptian Museum didn’t have enough space to show all the rare things at once. (旧埃及博物馆没有充足的空间一次性展出所有珍贵藏品。)”可知，无法全部展出的原因是场地空间有限。 4．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“The world has been waiting for this moment… Everyone’s exhilarated (全世界都在期盼这一刻的到来，所有人都exhilarated)”，结合前文博物馆历经二十年筹备终于对外开放这件喜事，exhilarated表达兴奋、激动的含义，Excited与之匹配。 B （25-26高二下·辽宁·期末）For many visitors, Xi’an is just a dusty stop to see the Terracotta Warriors before moving on. They think the city is not as splendid as it used to be — once the world’s largest city, now just a Tier II (二线) city in northwest China. When I first arrived here six years ago, I shared this common doubt. But my daily life in this old city quickly changed my mind. I still remember my first morning in Xi’an. I walked along the ancient city wall at dawn, watching locals cycle to work and sell fresh vegetables at street stalls. Later, when I started teaching at a local university, I was surprised by how many international students chose to study here, drawn by the city’s low cost of living and famously safe environment. These small, everyday moments made me realize Xi’an is far from stuck in the past. The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has given Xi’an a new, dynamic life. The Chang’an freight trains run day and night, carrying goods between China and Europe. This has brought new jobs and businesses to the city, and I’ve seen more foreign experts coming here to work, just like me. Xi’an is slowly becoming a lively international center, just as it was centuries ago. What makes Xi’an truly special, to me, is how it balances its old soul with futuristic efficiency. Last weekend, I attended a concert of traditional music in a modern theater right next to the ancient Bell Tower. The music was thousands of years old, but the stage design used cutting-edge technology. This mix of heritage and innovation is what sets Xi’an apart from other cities. When people ask why I chose Xi’an over a busy metropolis like Shanghai, I tell them it’s because of the city’s unique balance of history, culture, and opportunity. It has given me a comfortable life and a real sense of belonging. For young people, for foreign experts, and for anyone looking for a place to grow, Xi’an offers something truly rare. It is more than a historical site — it is a blueprint for a modern, livable global city. 1．What was the author’s initial assumption of Xi’an? A．It was no longer as great as before. B．It used to be the world’s largest city. C．It was famous for Terracotta Warriors. D．It was as prosperous as ancient Chang’an. 2．Why do many international students choose to study in Xi’an? A．It enjoys low living cost and safety. B．It has convenient train routes to Europe. C．It offers job opportunities for foreigners. D．It is an ideal place to learn Chinese culture. 3．Why does the author mention a concert in paragraph 4? A．To display his passion for traditional music. B．To recall his impression of cutting-edge technology. C．To introduce wonderful cultural atmosphere of the city. D．To show the city’s mix of ancient charm and modern liveliness. 4．What is the best title of the passage? A．From East to West B．Beyond the Ancient Wall C．High-tech Is a New Label of Xi’an D．BRI Boosts the Ancient City’s economy 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】文章讲述了作者通过亲身经历，从最初对西安的怀疑转变为欣赏其古老与现代的平衡，认为西安是一个宜居且充满机遇的国际化城市。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“They think the city is not as splendid as it used to be — once the world’s largest city, now just a Tier II (二线) city in northwest China. When I first arrived here six years ago, I shared this common doubt. (他们认为这座城市已不再如从前那般辉煌——曾经是世界上最大的城市，如今仅是中国西北部的二线城市。六年前我第一次来到这里时，也曾抱有这种普遍的怀疑。)”可知，作者最初认为西安不再像以前那样宏伟。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Later, when I started teaching at a local university, I was surprised by how many international students chose to study here, drawn by the city’s low cost of living and famously safe environment. (后来，当我开始在本地大学任教时，我惊讶地发现有如此多的国际学生选择在这里学习，他们被这座城市低廉的生活成本和著名的安全环境所吸引。)”可知，许多国际学生选择在西安学习是因为它生活成本低且安全。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“What makes Xi’an truly special, to me, is how it balances its old soul with futuristic efficiency. (在我看来，西安真正特别之处在于它将古老灵魂与未来效率完美融合。)”和“The music was thousands of years old, but the stage design used cutting-edge technology. This mix of heritage and innovation is what sets Xi’an apart from other cities. (这种音乐有几千年的历史，但舞台设计使用了前沿的技术。正是这种传统与创新的结合，使西安在众多城市中独树一帜。)”可知，音乐会体现了传统与创新的结合，作者提到它是为了支撑段首的观点，展示这座城市古老魅力与现代活力的融合。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“It is more than a historical site — it is a blueprint for a modern, livable global city. (它不仅仅是一处历史遗址，更是一座现代宜居的全球城市的蓝图。)”可知，作者从最初对西安的怀疑，到通过日常生活发现其古老与现代的平衡、“一带一路”倡议带来的新活力，最终认为西安不仅是历史遗址，更是现代宜居的全球城市蓝图。因此，“超越古城墙”体现了作者对西安这座城市的认知的转变，最适合作为文章标题。 C （25-26高一下·山西长治·期末）Tourism can be both good and bad. Yes, it brings in money for the local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals, but it may also bring some problems. 1 . Tourists have used paint, rocks, or even keys to write on the Luxor Temple in Egypt, the Colosseum in Rome, Stonehenge in the UK, memorial stones at the bottom of Qomolangma, and many, many other places. Thousands of tourist sites are being destroyed by tourists who “love them to death”. I have three words for people like this: please stop it. If you want to leave a mark on the world, do it by changing someone’s life with kindness and love. 2 . Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing the local people and life. 3 . They wander around and take pictures of local people without asking for their permission. For example, Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Yonsei University in South Korea have great numbers of tourists visiting their campuses and walking through their libraries and other public areas, taking pictures of students, and disturbing their studies. Another example is Sanlitun, a neighbourhood in Beijing, China. Some tourists love to party there late into the night, making it difficult for locals to sleep. I have three words for tourists like this: please be considerate. 4 . The number of problems from tourists is endless: walking in large groups without considering others who need to walk by, crossing roads without thinking of local traffic laws, and many more. The only way to solve the problem of the terrible tourist is to make sure that you are not one. 5 . Remember, whenever you step outside your country’s borders, you are representing your country to the rest of the world. A．Pass kindness along to future generations, not destruction. B．Be the best, kindest, most polite tourist possible. C．One growing problem is tourists who want to prove that they have visited a destination. D．It is important to learn about local customs before you travel. E．These actions not only damage cultural relics but also hurt local people’s feelings. F．Have fun in a way that does not disturb others. G．Some tourists care little about the daily lives of the local people around them. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．G 4．F 5．B 【导语】本文辩证分析旅游业利弊，在带动经济、创造就业之外，重点列举游客破坏古迹、打扰当地人生活等不文明旅游问题，并呼吁大家做文明有礼的游客。 【详解】1．上文“Tourism can be both good and bad. Yes, it brings in money for the local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals, but it may also bring some problems. (旅游业有利有弊，它拉动地方经济、提供就业，但也带来诸多问题)”总起全文，引出旅游带来的各类弊端。下文列举游客在世界各地古迹乱涂乱画破坏景点的事例。C选项 “One growing problem is tourists who want to prove that they have visited a destination. (一个日益突出的问题是游客想要证明自己到访过某个目的地)”承接上文总述的“旅游乱象”，总领本段古迹涂鸦破坏文物的分论点。 2．上文“If you want to leave a mark on the world, do it by changing someone’s life with kindness and love. (如果你想留下属于自己的印记，应当用善意和爱去改变他人的生活)”倡导用善意代替破坏式打卡，批判乱涂乱画损毁遗迹的行为。A选项“Pass kindness along to future generations, not destruction. (把善意传递给后代，而非破坏)”呼应上文观点——用善意留痕，收束本段文物破坏的话题，升华文明游览的理念。 3．上文“Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing the local people and life. (在一些地方存在的另一个大问题是游客打扰当地居民和他们的生活)”点明本段核心问题。下文“They wander around and take pictures of local people without asking for their permission. (他们随意闲逛、未经许可拍摄本地人)”描述游客扰民的具体行为。G选项“Some tourists care little about the daily lives of the local people around them. (部分游客毫不在意周边当地人的日常生活)”承接段首总句，引出下文两种扰民情况。 4．上文“I have three words for tourists like this: please be considerate. (我送给这类游客三个词：多体谅)”呼吁游客懂得体谅当地人，反对打扰居民日常作息、随意偷拍等行为。F选项“Have fun in a way that does not disturb others. (以不打扰他人的方式享受旅途乐趣)”顺承上文“体谅他人”的呼吁，给出推荐的游客行为准则。 5．上文“The only way to solve the problem of the terrible tourist is to make sure that you are not one. (解决不文明游客带来的问题的唯一方法，就是确保你自己不是这类人)”提出解决旅游乱象要从每个人自身做起。下文“Remember, whenever you step outside your country’s borders, you are representing your country to the rest of the world. (记住，走出国门你就代表自己的国家)”点明游客言行关乎国家形象。B选项“Be the best, kindest, most polite tourist possible. (尽力做优秀、友善、有礼的游客)”承接上文自我约束的观点，发出总结性倡议，引出下文游客走出国门代表国家形象的论述。 （2025·全国一卷·高考真题） The greening of planes, trains and automobiles Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green. PLANES — Synthetic hydrocarbonsThe hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One long-term option for sustainable fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air. CARS — BatteriesBatteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services. New solid-state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge. TRAINS — ElectricitySome trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. TRUCKS — Hydrogenfuel cells Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive. SHIPS — Liquid ammoniaLiquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, but it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine redesign. This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke. 1．What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018? A．11.6%. B．45.1%. C．74.5%. D．86.1%. 2．Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily? A．Planes. B．Trucks. C．Trains. D．Ships. 3．What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition? A．Limiting fuel consumption. B．Putting more effort into renewables. C．Improving energy efficiency. D．Making electricity more affordable. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2018年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比，以及飞机、汽车等各类交通工具的未来绿色燃料路径。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据图表信息ROAD VEHICLES部分中“ROAD (PASSENGER) 45.1% (道路(客运)45.1%)”以及“ROAD (GOODS) 29.4% (道路(货运)29.4%)”可知，道路车辆总占比为45.1%+29.4%=74.5%，即道路车辆在2018年全球交通排放中占比74.5%。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据图表信息TRAINS — Electricity部分中“Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. (一些列车已经通过轨道或电线实现了电气化；其他火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电动化)”可知，火车相较其他交通方式更易实现绿色化。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中““We need to speed up the development of green energy and it will all get used,” says Wipke. (Wipke说：“我们需要加速绿色能源的开发，而且这些能源都会被利用起来。”)”可知，Wipke建议加大对可再生能源的投入，即加大对绿色能源的投入。故选B项。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land Period 2 Learning About Language 一．词汇转换 1.pleased ，please ，pleasure 2.literal 3.breathe ，breathless 4.freeze ，froze，frozen 5.thunderstorm 6.frosty 二．写出下列词块的含义 1．一路上；自始至终 2．两个；一些；几个 3．乘船出行 4．令她们惊叹不已 5．山羊 6．乘坐长途汽车7．石油天然气钻探业 8．大片大片的农田 9．四天时间 10．轰隆隆地驶过/前行 一．单词拼写 1.froze　2.contrary　3.awesome　4.scenery 5.border 二．单元语法专练 A 1.amazing　2.used　3.chatting　4.confused　5.Put　6.amazed　7.surrounded　8.Covering　9.Considered　 10.inspired　 B 1.This is an amazing program　2.broadcast every day 3.Not knowing how to work out　4.Designed for six people; facing south A 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C B 1．A 2．A 3．D 4．B C 1．C 2．A 3．G 4．F 5．B 1．C 2．C 3．B 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $