Unit 6 Earth and Beyond课时6 Developing the Topic 部分课时练习2026-2027学年仁爱科普版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 本练习以“地球与火星”为主题，通过基础默写、语篇理解到写作输出的分层设计，构建“词汇-句型-语篇-综合应用”的知识巩固路径，助力语言能力与思维品质协同发展。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|核心词汇（如diameter、soil）、句型结构（比较级、because of）|句型/词组默写、词形填空等机械性练习，强化基础记忆| |进阶层|语篇信息提取、语法应用（如while表对比）|语篇翻译、阅读理解A/B篇，结合单元主题情境化输入| |综合应用层|跨文本逻辑整合、书面表达|阅读理解C篇（未来火星生活）、完形填空、写作任务，提升综合语言运用与批判性思维|

2026-2027学年仁爱版八年级上 Unit 6 Earth and Beyond 课时6 Developing the Topic 部分课时练习 一、句型默写（根据中文提示写出对应的英文句型） 1. 火星比地球小。 ________________________________________ 2. 火星之所以比地球冷，是因为它离太阳更远。 ________________________________________ 3. 两颗行星虽然有许多不同之处，但它们也有共同点——水。 ________________________________________ 4. 火星在等待着我们去探索，宇宙也是如此。 ________________________________________ 5. 火星看起来是红色的，而地球大部分看起来是蓝色的。 ________________________________________ 二、词组默写（根据中文写出英文词组） 1. 由于；因为 __________________________ 2. 平均 __________________________ 3. 共同点 __________________________ 4. 在火星上 __________________________ 5. 在外太空 __________________________ 6. 在夜间 __________________________ 三、根据要求完成句子（用所给中文提示补全英文句子，每空一词） 1. 火星的直径大约是6800公里。 Mars has a ______ of around 6,800 kilometers. 2. 火星看起来是红色的，因为它的红色土壤。 Mars looks red because of its red ______. 3. 地球离太阳大约1.5亿公里。 Earth is about 150 ______ kilometers away from the Sun. 4. 火星的地下有很多冰。 There's a lot of ______ under the ground on Mars. 5. 地球表面的平均温度大约是14°C。 The temperature on Earth is about 14°C on ______. 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. Mars is ______ (small) than Earth. 2. Most parts of Earth look blue because of its ______ (ocean). 3. Mars is ______ (far) from the Sun than Earth. 4. The temperature on Mars is about -63°C; here on Earth, the temperature is about 14°C on ______ (average). 5. Although the two planets have many differences, they have something in ______ (common). 6. Mars is waiting for us ______ (explore). 7. The Sun ______ (rise) from the east every morning. 8. Everyone has a personal spacecraft ______ (go) around on Mars. 五、选词填空（从方框中选择适当的单词填入空白处，每词限用一次） diameter soil oceans average common explore under neighbor ice red Mars is Earth's (1) ______ planet. It is smaller than Earth. It has a (2) ______ of around 6,800 kilometers. Mars looks (3) ______ because of its red (4) ______, while most parts of Earth look blue because of its (5) ______. Mars is farther from the Sun than Earth. That is why Mars is colder than Earth. The temperature on Mars is about -63°C; on Earth, the (6) ______ temperature is about 14°C. Although the two planets have many differences, they have something in (7) ______ — water. On Mars, there's a lot of (8) ______ under the ground; on Earth, we have water both on and (9) ______ the ground. Mars is waiting for us to (10) ______, and so is the universe. 六、语篇翻译（将下列英文句子翻译成中文） 1. Mars looks red because of its red soil, while most parts of Earth look blue because of its oceans. ________________________________________________________________________ 2. Mars is about 228 million kilometers away from the Sun, while Earth is about 150 million kilometers away. ________________________________________________________________________ 3. That is why Mars is colder than Earth. ________________________________________________________________________ 4. Although the two planets have many differences, they have something in common—water. ________________________________________________________________________ 5. Mars is waiting for us to explore, and so is the universe. ________________________________________________________________________ 七、阅读理解（共3篇短文，每篇5个小题，每题仅有一个最佳选项） A. Earth and Mars Earth and Mars are neighbor planets in the solar system. They are different in many ways. Mars is smaller than Earth. Its diameter is about 6,800 kilometers, while Earth's diameter is about 13,000 kilometers. Mars looks red because of its red soil, but Earth looks blue because of its oceans. Mars is farther from the Sun than Earth. It is about 228 million kilometers away from the Sun, while Earth is about 150 million kilometers away. That is why Mars is colder than Earth. However, they have something in common—water. There is ice under the ground on Mars, and there is water both on and under the ground on Earth. ( )1. What is the diameter of Earth? A. About 6,800 km. B. About 13,000 km. C. About 150,000 km. D. About 228,000 km. ( )2. Why does Mars look red? A. Because of its oceans. B. Because of its red soil. C. Because of its atmosphere. D. Because of its ice. ( )3. How far is Mars from the Sun? A. About 150 million km. B. About 228 million km. C. About 13,000 km. D. About 6,800 km. ( )4. Why is Mars colder than Earth? A. Because it is smaller. B. Because it is farther from the Sun. C. Because it has no water. D. Because it has no atmosphere. ( )5. What do Earth and Mars have in common? A. They are the same size. B. They both have water. C. They both have the same temperature. D. They both look blue. B. Earth's Neighbors in the Solar System Earth has two neighbors in the solar system. One is Venus, and the other is Mars. Venus is closer to the Sun than Earth. It is the hottest planet in the solar system. Venus is known for its brightness. It is the second brightest object in the night sky after the Moon. Mars, on the other hand, is farther from the Sun than Earth. It is colder than Earth. Mars is known as the "Red Planet" because of its red soil. Both Venus and Mars are very different from Earth. However, scientists are very interested in exploring these planets to learn more about the universe. ( )6. How many neighbors does Earth have in the solar system? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. ( )7. Which planet is closer to the Sun than Earth? A. Mars. B. Venus. C. Jupiter. D. Neptune. ( )8. What is Venus known for? A. Its coldness. B. Its brightness. C. Its red color. D. Its size. ( )9. Why is Mars called the "Red Planet"? A. Because of its red sky. B. Because of its red soil. C. Because of its red oceans. D. Because of its red atmosphere. ( )10. Why are scientists interested in exploring Venus and Mars? A. To find new places to live. B. To learn more about the universe. C. To find water. D. To find gold. C. Living on Mars in the Future Many people dream of living on Mars one day. But life on Mars would be very different from life on Earth. Mars has no air, so we have to produce some. It is colder than Earth, so we need special clothes to keep warm. The day on Mars is about 25 hours long. The Sun rises from the west, not from the east! At night, you can see two small moons in the sky. Everyone would need a personal spacecraft to go around on Mars. Despite the challenges, many scientists believe that humans will live on Mars in the future. ( )11. Why do we need to produce air on Mars? A. Because the air is too thin. B. Because there is no air. C. Because the air is too hot. D. Because the air is too cold. ( )12. How long is a day on Mars? A. About 24 hours. B. About 25 hours. C. About 26 hours. D. About 27 hours. ( )13. Where does the Sun rise on Mars? A. From the east. B. From the west. C. From the north. D. From the south. ( )14. How many moons can you see in the sky on Mars? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. ( )15. What does everyone need on Mars? A. A car. B. A personal spacecraft. C. A house. D. A robot. 八、完形填空（阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项） Is there any life in outer space? We may think of the same planet — Mars. Mars is (1) ______ than Earth. It has a diameter of around 6,800 kilometers and Earth's diameter is around 13,000 kilometers. Mars looks red (2) ______ of its red soil, while most parts of Earth look blue because of its (3) ______. As a neighbor planet, Mars is farther (4) ______ the Sun than Earth. Mars is about 228 million kilometers away from the Sun, (5) ______ Earth is about 150 million kilometers away. That is (6) ______ Mars is colder than Earth. The temperature on Mars is about -63°C; here on Earth, the temperature is about 14°C (7) ______ average. (8) ______ the two planets have many differences, they have something in common — water. On Mars, there's a lot of ice under the ground; on Earth, we have water (9) ______ on and under the ground. Mars is waiting for us to explore, (10) ______ so is the universe. ( )1. A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. more small ( )2. A. because B. so C. but D. although ( )3. A. soil B. land C. oceans D. ice ( )4. A. to B. from C. with D. for ( )5. A. but B. so C. while D. because ( )6. A. how B. why C. when D. where ( )7. A. on B. at C. in D. for ( )8. A. Because B. So C. Although D. Since ( )9. A. both B. all C. either D. neither ( )10. A. but B. or C. and D. nor 九、写作（根据以下提示，写一篇介绍地球与火星对比的短文） 写作要求： 请你以 "Earth and Its Neighbor — Mars" 为题，写一篇英语短文，介绍地球和火星。内容包括： 1. 地球和火星的基本信息（直径、颜色、与太阳的距离、温度等）； 2. 两颗行星之间的相似之处； 3. 你对未来探索火星的看法。 注意：不少于70词；可适当运用本单元所学词汇与表达。 Earth and Its Neighbor — Mars ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、句型默写 1. Mars is smaller than Earth. 2. That is why Mars is colder than Earth. 3. Although the two planets have many differences, they have something in common — water. 4. Mars is waiting for us to explore, and so is the universe. 5. Mars looks red, while most parts of Earth look blue. 二、词组默写 1. because of 2. on average 3. in common 4. on Mars 5. in outer space 6. at night 三、根据要求完成句子 1. diameter 2. soil 3. million 4. ice 5. average 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. smaller 2. oceans 3. farther 4. average 5. common 6. to explore 7. rises 8. to go 五、选词填空 1. neighbor 2. diameter 3. red 4. soil 5. oceans 6. average 7. common 8. ice 9. under 10. explore 六、语篇翻译 1. 火星看起来是红色的，因为它的红色土壤，而地球大部分看起来是蓝色的，因为它的海洋。 2. 火星离太阳大约2.28亿公里，而地球离太阳大约1.5亿公里。 3. 那就是为什么火星比地球冷的原因。 4. 虽然两颗行星有许多不同之处，但它们也有共同点——水。 5. 火星在等待着我们去探索，宇宙也是如此。 七、阅读理解 A篇：1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B B篇：6. B 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. B C篇：11. B 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. B 八、完形填空 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. A 10. C 九、写作 （参考范文） Earth and Its Neighbor — Mars Earth and Mars are neighbor planets in the solar system. They are different in many ways. Mars is smaller than Earth. Earth's diameter is about 13,000 km, while Mars is about 6,800 km. Earth looks blue because of its oceans, but Mars looks red because of its red soil. Mars is farther from the Sun than Earth. It is about 228 million km away, while Earth is about 150 million km away. That is why Mars is colder than Earth. The average temperature on Earth is about 14°C, but on Mars it is about -63°C. However, they have something in common — water. On Mars, there is ice under the ground. On Earth, we have water both on and under the ground. I believe that one day humans will explore Mars and learn more about our solar system. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $