Unit 6 The art of the brush 重点词汇核心考点精讲（讲义）2026-2027学年九年级英语上册新教材译林版

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过词性分类表格与目录检索系统构建知识体系，将37个重点单词及短语按名词、动词、形容词等类别梳理，标注页码便于定位，用对比解析呈现重难点内在联系，如calligraphy与handwriting的词义辨析。 讲义亮点在于“考点分层精讲”设计，每个单词从固定搭配、构词法、同义转换等角度解析，如date back (to…)的时间搭配与同义替换，培养语言运用能力和逻辑思维。提供课本原句及例句，基础生可掌握基础用法，优生能深入拓展，助力教师实施分层教学，提升复习效率。

9AU6重点单词考点精讲 目录检索 calligrapher 1 date back (to …) 2 bottled 3 calligraphy 3 tip 4 final 4 stroke 5 appear 6 doorway 6 give it a try 7 still 8 concentrate 8 concentrate on 9 pleasure 10 take pleasure in 10 undoubtedly 11 character 11 artistic 12 characteristic 13 breath 13 slow down 14 pressure 15 under pressure 15 pride 16 beautifully 17 technique 17 unfamiliar 18 up close 18 basket 19 general 20 in general 20 brushwork 21 similarity 21 present 22 perhaps 23 sometime 23 expert 24 a great deal 25 词性分类 【名词 (n.)】calligrapher、calligraphy、tip、stroke、doorway、pleasure、character、characteristic、breath、pressure、pride、technique、basket、brushwork、similarity、expert 【动词 (v.)】appear、concentrate、present 【形容词 (adj.)】bottled、final、still、artistic、unfamiliar、general 【副词 (adv.)】undoubtedly、beautifully、perhaps、sometime 【短语】date back (to …)、give it a try、concentrate on、take pleasure in、slow down、under pressure、up close、in general、a great deal calligrapher /kəˈlɪɡrəfə(r)/ n. 书法家 课本原句：Many famous calligraphers from different times have created beautiful works for us to enjoy. 课本原句：Calligraphers usually use a special kind of paper, called xuanzhi. 课本原句：A calligrapher is someone who practises the art of writing beautifully with a brush. 考点一 固定搭配：calligrapher from + 时间/地点（来自……的书法家） 说明：calligrapher 常与 from 连用，表示“来自某个时代或地方的书法家”。 例句：Many famous calligraphers from ancient China are still admired today. 考点二 介词搭配：calligrapher of + 风格/流派 说明：calligrapher 与 of 搭配，表示“……风格的书法家”或“……领域的书法家”。 例句：He is a well-known calligrapher of the traditional style. 考点三 词性一致：calligrapher 作主语时谓语用单数 说明：calligrapher 是可数名词，表示单数时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 例句：The calligrapher paints beautiful characters on the paper every day. 考点四 派生词：calligrapher（书法家）→ calligraphy（书法） 说明：calligrapher 指人（书法家），calligraphy 指事物（书法艺术）。两者词根相同，注意区分。 例句：My grandfather is a calligrapher, and he loves Chinese calligraphy. 考点五 同义转换：calligrapher = handwriting expert / master of penmanship 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。calligrapher 可替换为 handwriting expert 或 master of penmanship，均表示书法家。 例句：He is a famous calligrapher. (= He is a famous master of penmanship.) date back (to …) — 短语 追溯到 课本原句：The history of the inkstick dates back thousands of years. 课本原句：A form of writing which dates back over 3,000 years. 考点一 固定搭配：date back to + 具体时间点 说明：date back to 后接具体时间点（年份、朝代等），表示“追溯到某个时间”。 例句：The history of paper-making dates back to the Han Dynasty. 考点二 固定搭配：date back + 时间段 说明：date back 也可直接加时间段，表示“有……年历史”，此时不加 to。 例句：This old bridge dates back hundreds of years. 考点三 同义表达：date from 说明：date from 与 date back to 意思相近，也可表示“起源于”或“追溯到”。 例句：This temple dates from the 15th century and attracts many visitors. 考点四 辨析：date back vs go back 说明：date back 强调具体时间追溯，较正式；go back 更口语化，可表示“回到（某地）”或“回忆”。 例句：Our friendship goes back to primary school when we first met. 考点五 同义转换：date back (to) = go back (to) / trace back (to) 说明：中考常考同义句型转换。date back (to) 可替换为 go back (to) 或 trace back (to)，均表示追溯到。 例句：The temple dates back to the Tang Dynasty. (= The temple goes back to the Tang Dynasty.) bottled /ˈbɒtld/ adj. 瓶装的 课本原句：People usually buy bottled ink now. 考点一 固定搭配：bottled + 液体/饮品 说明：bottled 作形容词，常修饰 water、ink、drink 等名词，表示“瓶装的”。 例句：We brought bottled water for the school trip. 考点二 构词法：bottle + -ed → bottled（瓶装的） 说明：bottled 由名词 bottle（瓶子）加 -ed 构成形容词，类似的有 canned（罐装的）、packed（包装好的）。 例句：My mother prefers bottled milk to boxed milk at the supermarket. 考点三 派生：bottle 作名词表示“瓶子”，也可作动词表示“装瓶” 说明：bottle 本义是“瓶子”；作动词时意为“把……装入瓶中”，bottled 是其过去分词演变而来的形容词。 例句：These drinks are bottled in the factory before being sent to stores. 考点四 辨析：bottled vs canned 说明：bottled 指用瓶子装的（水、饮料等），canned 指用金属罐装的（食品、饮料等）。中考中常见两者区分。 例句：My dad likes canned soda while my mum prefers bottled juice. 考点五 同义转换：bottled = in a bottle / packaged 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。bottled 可替换为 in a bottle 或 packaged，均表示瓶装的。 例句：People usually buy bottled ink. (= People usually buy ink in a bottle.) calligraphy /kəˈlɪɡrəfi/ n. 书法 课本原句：It's perfect for practising calligraphy. 课本原句：My love of calligraphy began when my father took me to a museum. 课本原句：Calligraphy is an artistic form of Chinese characters. 课本原句：Learning calligraphy has undoubtedly helped me develop my ability to focus. 考点一 固定搭配：practise calligraphy（练习书法） 说明：calligraphy 常与动词 practise 搭配，表示“练习书法”，practise 后面接名词或动名词。 例句：She practises calligraphy for an hour every afternoon after school. 考点二 介词搭配：love of / interest in calligraphy 说明：表示“对书法的热爱/兴趣”，love 后接 of，interest 后接 in。 例句：His interest in calligraphy grew after visiting the art museum. 考点三 派生：calligraphy（书法）→ calligrapher（书法家） 说明：calligraphy 指书法艺术本身，calligrapher 指从事书法的人。学习时注意词义区别。 例句：Chinese calligraphy has a long history, and many great calligraphers are remembered today. 考点四 辨析：calligraphy vs handwriting 说明：calligraphy 指作为艺术的书法，强调美感和技巧；handwriting 指日常书写的字迹，强调个人书写风格。 例句：His handwriting is very neat, but he wants to learn calligraphy to make it beautiful. 考点五 同义转换：calligraphy = the art of beautiful handwriting 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。calligraphy 可替换为 the art of beautiful handwriting，表示书法。 例句：She is learning calligraphy. (= She is learning the art of beautiful handwriting.) tip /tɪp/ n. 尖，尖端 课本原句：I watch closely as the tip of my brush meets the paper. 考点一 固定搭配：the tip of sth（……的尖端） 说明：tip 表示“尖，尖端”时，常用 the tip of sb/sth，指物体的最前端或最细的部分。 例句：He carefully wrote his name with the tip of the pen. 考点二 介词搭配：on/at the tip of sth 说明：表示“在……的尖端”，根据语境不同，可用 on 或 at。on the tip of 强调在尖端上；at the tip of 强调在尖端位置。 例句：A drop of ink fell on the tip of his brush. 考点三 一词多义：tip 还可表示“小费”或“建议” 说明：tip 在本文中意为“尖端”；但 tip 也常见于“给某人小费”（give sb a tip）和“有用的建议”（a useful tip）语境中。 例句：My teacher gave me some useful tips on how to improve my handwriting. 考点四 辨析：tip vs top 说明：tip 指细长物体的尖端（笔尖、指尖、刀尖等），top 指物体的顶端或顶部（山顶、房顶、顶端位置）。 例句：He stood at the top of the mountain and touched the tip of a pine tree. 考点五 固定搭配：on the tip of one’s tongue（话到嘴边） 说明：on the tip of one’s tongue 是固定搭配，形象地表示“话到嘴边却想不起来”。 例句：The actor's name was on the tip of my tongue, but I just couldn't remember it. 考点六 同义转换：tip = point / end 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。tip 表示“尖端”时可替换为 point 或 end，均表示尖端、末端。 例句：The tip of the brush is very fine. (= The point of the brush is very fine.) final /ˈfaɪnl/ adj. 最终的，最后的 课本原句：I am pleased with my work as I finish the final stroke with care. 考点一 固定搭配：final exam / final decision / final stroke 说明：final 作形容词，修饰名词表示“最终的……”，如 final exam（期末考试）、final decision（最终决定）、final stroke（最后一笔）。 例句：We will have our final exam next Monday, so I need to review all my notes. 考点二 介词搭配：in the final + 名词 说明：final 常用于 in the final 结构中，表示“在最后的……”，如 in the final week/stage/round。 例句：In the final week of the term, all the students studied very hard. 考点三 派生：finally = at last（adv. 最后，终于） 说明：final 是形容词，加 -ly 变为副词 finally，表示“最后，终于”，常放在句首或句中。 例句：After hours of practice, I finally wrote a beautiful character. 考点四 辨析：final vs last 说明：final 强调“最终的、决定性的”，带有不可改变的含义；last 仅表示顺序上的“最后一个”。final 语气更强。 例句：This is your last chance to study, and the final exam will decide your grade. 考点五 一词多义：final 也可作名词表示“决赛” 说明：final 作名词时常用复数形式 finals，表示体育或比赛的“决赛”。 例句：Our basketball team made it to the finals for the first time this year. 考点六 同义转换：final = last / ending 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。final 可替换为 last 或 ending，均表示最后的。 例句：This is my final decision. (= This is my last decision.) stroke /strəʊk/ n. 笔画 课本原句：I am pleased with my work as I finish the final stroke with care. 课本原句：Learn the strokes that are needed for each character because they are the key to writing well. 考点一 固定搭配：brush stroke（笔画，笔触） 说明：stroke 在书法或绘画语境中常与 brush 搭配，brush stroke 表示“笔画”或“笔触”。 例句：The teacher showed us how to make each brush stroke carefully. 考点二 介词搭配：with (a/the) stroke 说明：stroke 常与 with 搭配，表示“用一笔（笔触）”，如 with one stroke。 例句：With one stroke of his brush, he created a beautiful line on the paper. 考点三 一词多义：stroke 还可表示“中风”、“游泳划水” 说明：stroke 在中考中考查“笔画”的含义，但该词还可指“中风（突发疾病）”和“游泳划水动作”，注意根据语境判断。 例句：My grandfather had a stroke last year, but he is getting better now. 考点四 辨析：stroke vs line 说明：stroke 指书法或绘画中的“笔画”，强调书写动作和力度变化；line 指任何形式的“线条”，含义更广泛。 例句：Each Chinese character is made up of different strokes, not just simple lines. 考点五 同义转换：stroke = line / mark 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。stroke 作名词表示“笔画”时可替换为 line 或 mark，均表示线条、笔画。 例句：He finished the final stroke with care. (= He finished the final mark with care.) appear /əˈpɪə(r)/ vi. 出现 课本原句：My mother appears in the doorway and smiles at me. 考点一 固定搭配：appear in/at + 地点（出现在某地） 说明：appear 作“出现”讲时，常与介词 in 或 at 搭配，后接地点的名词。in 用于较大空间，at 用于具体位置。 例句：A rainbow appeared in the sky after the rain stopped. 考点二 介词搭配：appear to sb（在某人看来） 说明：appear 还可表示“似乎，好像”，与介词 to 连用，后接人，表示某人对某事的看法。 例句：It appears to me that she has been practising calligraphy for a long time. 考点三 派生：appear（出现）→ appearance（外表；出现） 说明：appear 是动词，appearance 是名词，既表示“外貌，外表”，也可表示“出现”。disappear 加前缀 dis- 表示“消失”。 例句：Her sudden appearance at the party surprised everyone in the room. 考点四 辨析：appear vs seem 说明：appear 和 seem 都可表示“似乎”。appear 侧重从外表看来，可能并非如此；seem 侧重内心的主观判断，相对更肯定。 例句：He seems very happy with his exam results, and it appears that he did well. 考点五 固定句型：It appears that …（看来……） 说明：It appears that … 是常见句型，表示“似乎……，看来……”，用于引出一种推测或判断。 例句：It appears that learning calligraphy requires a lot of patience and practice. 考点六 同义转换：appear = show up / come into view 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。appear 可替换为 show up 或 come into view，均表示出现。 例句：She appeared at the door. (= She showed up at the door.) doorway /ˈdɔːweɪ/ n. 门口，门道 课本原句：My mother appears in the doorway and smiles at me. 考点一 固定搭配：in the doorway（在门口） 说明：doorway 最常见的搭配是 in the doorway，表示“在门口站着”或“在门口处”。 例句：My father stood in the doorway, waiting for me to finish my homework. 考点二 构词法：door + way → doorway（门口） 说明：doorway 是复合词，由 door（门）和 way（通道）组合而成，字面意为“门的通道”，即门口、门道。 例句：There is a small table near the doorway where we put our shoes. 考点三 介词搭配：at/by the doorway 说明：除了 in the doorway，还可用 at 强调在门口的位置，by 强调在门口旁边。根据语境选择不同介词。 例句：A delivery man was waiting at the doorway with a package for my mum. 考点四 同义转换：doorway = entrance / doorway opening 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。doorway 可替换为 entrance 或 opening，均表示门口、入口。 例句：She stood in the doorway. (= She stood in the entrance.) give it a try — 短语 试一试 课本原句：I decided to give it a try myself the very same day. 考点一 固定搭配：give it a try（试一试） 说明：give it a try 是常用口语表达，表示“尝试做某事”，其中 it 指代要尝试的事情。 例句：I have never tried painting before, but I decided to give it a try today. 考点二 同义表达：have a try / take a try 说明：give it a try 与 have a try、take a try 意思相近，都表示“尝试一下”。give it a try 更强调主动性。 例句：My friend said, “Have a try at this maths problem. It's not as hard as it looks.” 考点三 结构用法：give sth a try（尝试某事） 说明：give it a try 中 it 可替换为具体名词，如 give calligraphy a try（尝试书法）。动词 give 后接双宾语：sth + a try。 例句：My teacher suggested that I give calligraphy a try during the summer holiday. 考点四 辨析：try doing sth vs try to do sth 说明：give it a try 相当于 try doing sth，都表示“尝试做某事”。try to do sth 则强调“努力去做”（可能成功也可能失败）。 例句：I tried to finish my homework early, so I could try watching a new movie. 考点五 同义转换：give it a try = have a go / make an attempt 说明：中考常考同义句型转换。give it a try 可替换为 have a go 或 make an attempt，均表示试一试。 例句：I decided to give it a try. (= I decided to make an attempt.) still /stɪl/ adj. 静止的，平静的，安静的 课本原句：I could hardly sit still for more than a few minutes. 考点一 固定搭配：sit still / keep still / stand still 说明：still 作形容词表示“静止的”，常与 sit、keep、stand 等动词搭配，表示“坐/保持/站着不动”。 例句：The little boy could not sit still during the long meeting. 考点二 一词多义：still 作副词表示“仍然” 说明：still 在中考中最常见的用法是作副词（仍然），但在本单元中作形容词（静止的）。注意根据语境判断。 例句：Although I am tired, I still want to finish my calligraphy practice. 考点三 形容词用法：a still + 名词 说明：still 作形容词修饰名词，表示“静止的”、“平静的”或“安静的”，如 a still lake（平静的湖水）、a still night（安静的夜晚）。 例句：The lake was still in the early morning, like a mirror reflecting the mountains. 考点四 辨析：still vs quiet vs calm 说明：still 强调一动不动、静止不动；quiet 强调没有声音、安静；calm 强调心态或状态平和、冷静。 例句：The classroom was quiet, and all the students sat still, waiting for the exam to begin. 考点五 同义转换：still = motionless / unmoving 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。still 作形容词表示“静止的”时可替换为 motionless 或 unmoving，均表示静止的。 例句：The boy sat still for ten minutes. (= The boy sat motionless for ten minutes.) concentrate /ˈkɒnsntreɪt/ vi.&vt. 集中（注意力） vt. 使……集中 课本原句：I learnt how to concentrate on my task. 课本原句：Concentrate on every mark you make on the paper. 考点一 固定搭配：concentrate on (doing) sth（集中注意力于某事） 说明：concentrate 作“集中注意力”讲时，常与介词 on 搭配，后接名词、代词或动名词。 例句：You need to concentrate on your studies if you want to pass the exam. 考点二 介词搭配：concentrate one’s attention/mind on sth 说明：concentrate 后可接 one’s attention 或 one’s mind 再与 on 搭配，表示“把注意力/心思集中在某事物上”。 例句：She concentrated her mind on the difficult maths problem and finally solved it. 考点三 派生：concentrate → concentration（n. 专注） 说明：concentrate 是动词，其名词形式是 concentration，表示“专注力，集中注意力”。 例句：Learning calligraphy requires great concentration and patience. 考点四 辨析：concentrate vs focus 说明：concentrate 和 focus 都表示“集中注意力”。concentrate 强调全身心投入，focus 常与 on 搭配，更侧重于“关注、专注”。 例句：Please focus on your own work and concentrate on writing each character carefully. 考点五 同义转换：concentrate = focus / pay attention 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。concentrate 可替换为 focus 或 pay attention，均表示集中注意力。 例句：She concentrated on her homework. (= She focused on her homework.) concentrate on — 短语 集中注意力（做某事） 课本原句：I learnt how to concentrate on my task. 课本原句：Concentrate on every mark you make on the paper. 考点一 固定搭配：concentrate on sth / concentrate on doing sth 说明：concentrate on 是动词短语，表示“专心于某事”或“集中注意力做某事”，on 后接名词或动名词。 例句：It is important to concentrate on one thing at a time instead of doing many things at once. 考点二 同义表达：focus on / pay attention to 说明：concentrate on 与 focus on、pay attention to 意思相近，都可表示“专注于”。中考中常见这几个短语的替换。 例句：In class, you should focus on the teacher and concentrate on taking notes. 考点三 句型变化：be concentrated on sth 说明：concentrate on 的被动形式 be concentrated on 也可表示“专注于”，此时 concentrated 是过去分词作形容词。 例句：His mind was so concentrated on the book that he did not hear me come in. 考点四 代词位置：concentrate on it/them 说明：concentrate on 的宾语如果是代词，代词必须放在 on 后，不能放在 concentrate 与 on 之间。 例句：Calligraphy is a beautiful art form, and I really want to concentrate on it. 考点五 同义转换：concentrate on = focus on / pay attention to 说明：中考常考同义句型转换。concentrate on 可替换为 focus on 或 pay attention to，均表示集中注意力于。 例句：He concentrated on his studies. (= He focused on his studies.) pleasure /ˈpleʒə(r)/ n. 快乐，满足 课本原句：I took pleasure in producing better work. 考点一 固定搭配：take pleasure in (doing) sth（从……中获得乐趣） 说明：take pleasure in 是固定搭配，表示“以……为乐”或“从……中获得乐趣”，in 后接名词或动名词。 例句：My younger sister takes pleasure in drawing pictures of animals. 考点二 固定搭配：It’s a pleasure to do sth（做某事很愉快） 说明：It’s a pleasure to do sth 是常用句型，pleasure 前加不定冠词 a，表示“很高兴做某事”。 例句：It's a pleasure to meet you and talk about our shared love of art. 考点三 介词搭配：with pleasure（乐意地） 说明：with pleasure 是礼貌用语，用于回复别人的请求，表示“非常乐意”。注意区别于 My pleasure（别客气）。 例句："Could you help me with this problem?" "With pleasure," she replied with a smile. 考点四 派生：pleasure → pleased / pleasant 说明：pleasure 是名词；pleased 是形容词表示“感到高兴的”（描述人的感受）；pleasant 是形容词表示“令人愉快的”（描述事物的特征）。 例句：I am pleased with my improvement, and the teacher gave me a pleasant smile. 考点五 同义转换：pleasure = joy / happiness 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。pleasure 可替换为 joy 或 happiness，均表示快乐、愉悦。 例句：Reading gives me great pleasure. (= Reading gives me great joy.) take pleasure in — 短语 从……中获得乐趣 课本原句：I took pleasure in producing better work. 课本原句：Take pleasure in your progress. 考点一 固定搭配：take pleasure in (doing) sth 说明：take pleasure in 表示“乐于做某事，从某事中感到愉快”。in 是介词，后接名词或动名词。 例句：Many old people take pleasure in gardening and growing flowers in their free time. 考点二 同义表达：enjoy doing sth / have fun doing sth 说明：take pleasure in 与 enjoy、have fun 意思相近。take pleasure in 更正式，常用于书面语。 例句：My grandfather takes pleasure in reading books, and he enjoys sharing stories with us. 考点三 介词用法：in 后接动名词 说明：take pleasure in 中 in 是介词，所以后面必须接名词、代词或动名词，不能接动词原形或不定式。 例句：I take great pleasure in helping my classmates with their English homework. 考点四 时态变化：took pleasure in（过去式） 说明：take pleasure in 的过去式为 took pleasure in，常用于描述过去某段时间内的爱好或感受。 例句：When I was a child, I took pleasure in collecting colourful stamps from around the world. 考点五 同义转换：take pleasure in = enjoy / find joy in 说明：中考常考同义句型转换。take pleasure in 可替换为 enjoy 或 find joy in，均表示从……中获得乐趣。 例句：She takes pleasure in painting. (= She enjoys painting.) undoubtedly /ʌnˈdaʊtɪdli/ adv. 无疑地 课本原句：Learning calligraphy has undoubtedly helped me develop my ability to focus. 考点一 固定搭配：undoubtedly + 动词/形容词 说明：undoubtedly 是副词，用于修饰动词、形容词或整个句子，表示“毫无疑问地”，语气肯定。 例句：Practising every day has undoubtedly improved my English speaking skills. 考点二 构词法：un- + doubted + -ly → undoubtedly 说明：undoubtedly 由前缀 un-（不/无）、词根 doubt（怀疑）和副词后缀 -ly 构成，字面意思是“无可怀疑地”。 例句：She worked so hard that she undoubtedly deserved the first prize. 考点三 派生词链：doubt → doubtful → undoubtedly 说明：doubt 是动词/名词（怀疑），doubtful 是形容词（可疑的），undoubtedly 是副词（无疑地）。理解词根有助于记忆。 例句：There is no doubt that calligraphy has helped me, and it is undoubtedly a valuable skill. 考点四 辨析：undoubtedly vs certainly 说明：undoubtedly 语气最强，表示“毫无疑问”；certainly 表示“肯定地，当然可以”，语气稍弱。中考中注意区分语气强弱。 例句：This is certainly a good book, and it will undoubtedly help you learn Chinese characters. 考点五 同义转换：undoubtedly = certainly / without doubt 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。undoubtedly 可替换为 certainly 或 without doubt，均表示无疑地。 例句：He is undoubtedly the best student. (= He is certainly the best student.) character /ˈkærəktə(r)/ n. 文字 课本原句：Calligraphy is an artistic form of Chinese characters. 课本原句：Learn the strokes that are needed for each character because they are the key to writing well. 课本原句：They have developed from drawings into present forms over thousands of years. 考点一 固定搭配：Chinese character（汉字） 说明：character 在本单元中意为“文字”，Chinese character 是固定搭配，表示“汉字”。 例句：Learning to write Chinese characters is an important part of Chinese culture. 考点二 一词多义：character 还可表示“人物，角色”和“性格” 说明：character 在中考中常考“人物/角色”（如在小说或电影中）和“性格”的含义。本单元中意为“文字”。 例句：The main character in the story is a brave girl who has a strong character. 考点三 介词搭配：in Chinese characters 说明：表示“用汉字”写作或书写时，介词用 in，格式为 in Chinese characters。 例句：This poem was written in Chinese characters thousands of years ago. 考点四 辨析：character vs letter 说明：character 指汉字等表意文字中的“字”；letter 指拼音文字中的“字母”。汉字由 strokes（笔画）组成，英文单词由 letters（字母）组成。 例句：English has 26 letters, but Chinese has thousands of characters. 考点五 同义转换：character = symbol / written sign 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。character 表示“文字”时可替换为 symbol 或 written sign，均表示文字、符号。 例句：Chinese characters are beautiful. (= Chinese symbols are beautiful.) artistic /ɑːˈtɪstɪk/ adj. 艺术的 课本原句：Calligraphy is an artistic form of Chinese characters that is admired by many people. 课本原句：Both of them express the artists’ thoughts in an artistic way. 考点一 固定搭配：artistic form / artistic way（艺术形式/艺术方式） 说明：artistic 作形容词修饰名词，常与 form、way、talent 等词搭配，表示“有艺术感的”。 例句：Dancing is another artistic form that can express feelings without words. 考点二 构词法：art + -ist → artist; artist + -ic → artistic 说明：art（艺术）加 -ist 变为 artist（艺术家），再加 -ic 变为 artistic（艺术的）。掌握构词法有助于扩展词汇量。 例句：His artistic talent was discovered when he was very young and started drawing. 考点三 派生词链：art（n. 艺术）→ artist（n. 艺术家）→ artistic（adj. 艺术的） 说明：art 是基本名词，artist 指从事艺术的人，artistic 是描述艺术特征的形容词。三者词性不同但同根。 例句：Many great artists create artistic works that are remembered for hundreds of years. 考点四 介词搭配：in an artistic way（以艺术的方式） 说明：in an artistic way 是固定搭配，表示“以一种艺术的方式”，way 前常加介词 in。 例句：The teacher showed us how to present our ideas in a more artistic way. 考点五 同义转换：artistic = creative / aesthetic 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。artistic 可替换为 creative 或 aesthetic，均表示艺术的。 例句：She has an artistic talent. (= She has a creative talent.) characteristic /ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk/ n. 特征 课本原句：Each has its own characteristics and beauty. 考点一 固定搭配：have one’s own characteristics（有自身的特点） 说明：characteristic 常与 have one’s own 搭配，表示“有自身的特点/特征”，用于描述人或事物的独特性。 例句：Every student in our class has their own characteristics and strengths. 考点二 介词搭配：(be) characteristic of sb/sth（是……的特征） 说明：be characteristic of 表示“具有……的特征”或“是……的典型特征”，of 后接人或事物。 例句：Hard work and patience are characteristics of a good calligrapher. 考点三 派生词链：character（n. 文字/人物）→ characteristic（n. 特征） 说明：characteristic 与 character 同根。character 可指“文字”、“人物”或“性格”；characteristic 指“特征，特点”。 例句：Each Chinese character has its own characteristics that make it unique. 考点四 辨析：characteristic vs feature 说明：characteristic 强调人或事物的内在“典型特征”，帮助区分不同事物；feature 指外在的“明显特点”或“特色”。 例句：Kindness is one of her best characteristics, and her smile is her most beautiful feature. 考点五 同义转换：characteristic = feature / quality 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。characteristic 作名词可替换为 feature 或 quality，均表示特征。 例句：Each style has its own characteristics. (= Each style has its own features.) breath /breθ/ n. 呼吸的空气 课本原句：I can often feel my breath slow down and my mind get quiet. 考点一 固定搭配：take a deep breath（深呼吸） 说明：breath 常与 take 搭配，take a deep breath 表示“深吸一口气”，常在紧张或准备发言时使用。 例句：She took a deep breath before walking onto the stage. 考点二 固定搭配：out of breath（上气不接下气） 说明：“out of breath”表示呼吸急促、喘不过气，常用在跑步或剧烈运动后。 例句：After running 800 metres, I was completely out of breath. 考点三 固定搭配：hold one's breath（屏住呼吸） 说明：“hold one's breath”表示因紧张、期待等而屏住呼吸。 例句：Everyone held their breath as the teacher read out the exam results. 考点四 辨析：breath vs breathe 说明：breath 是名词，意为“呼吸（的空气）”；breathe 是动词，意为“呼吸”。两者拼写和发音不同。 例句：Close your eyes, take a slow breath, and try to breathe deeply. 考点五 固定搭配：catch one's breath（喘口气，缓一缓） 说明：“catch one's breath”表示剧烈运动后恢复正常呼吸，也可引申为“缓口气、休息一下”。 例句：Let's sit down for a moment so I can catch my breath. 考点六 同义转换：breath = air inhaled / breathing 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。breath 可替换为 air inhaled 或 breathing，均表示呼吸的空气。 例句：She took a deep breath. (= She took a deep breath of air.) slow down — 短语 （使）慢下来 课本原句：I can often feel my breath slow down and my mind get quiet. 考点一 固定搭配：slow down（慢下来） 说明：“slow down”既可作为不及物动词短语表示“自己慢下来”，也可作为及物动词短语表示“使……慢下来”。 例句：You need to slow down when you are walking on the icy road. 考点二 反义表达：speed up（加速） 说明：“speed up”是 slow down 的反义短语，意为“加速”。两者常在阅读中作为对比出现。 例句：The car slowed down at the traffic light and then sped up when it turned green. 考点三 同义表达：take it easy 说明：“take it easy”在口语中也有“放轻松、别着急”的意思，与 slow down 含义相近。 例句：Slow down, take it easy. You have plenty of time to finish the work. 考点四 介词搭配：slow down to + 速度 说明：表示减速到某个程度时，slow down 后可接 to + 具体速度。 例句：The driver slowed down to 20 kilometres per hour near the school gate. 考点五 宾语位置：slow sb/sth down 说明：slow down 的宾语可放在中间或后面，即可说 slow down the car 或 slow the car down。 例句：A good teacher knows when to slow the lesson down for her students. 考点六 同义转换：slow down = reduce speed / decelerate 说明：中考常考同义句型转换。slow down 可替换为 reduce speed 或 decelerate，均表示减速、慢下来。 例句：The car slowed down at the crossing. (= The car reduced speed at the crossing.) pressure /ˈpreʃə(r)/ n. 心理压力；压力 课本原句：Whenever I feel down or under pressure, I pick up my brush and start writing. 课本原句：Don't feel any pressure. Even the greatest calligrapher makes mistakes. 考点一 短语搭配：under pressure（承受压力） 说明：“under pressure”是固定短语，表示“承受着压力”。under 在此表示“在……之下”。 例句：Many students feel under pressure before important exams. 考点二 短语搭配：put pressure on sb（给某人施压） 说明：“put pressure on sb”表示“给某人施加压力”，是中考常见搭配。 例句：My parents never put too much pressure on me about my grades. 考点三 辨析：pressure vs stress 说明：pressure 多指来自外部的压力（如学业、工作压力），stress 更多指内心的紧张和焦虑感。两者在语境中常可互换。 例句：The pressure from exams can cause a lot of stress for students. 考点四 派生词：press（v. 按，压） 说明：pressure 由 press（按压）派生而来，从“按压”引申为“压力”。press 本身也是中考词汇。 例句：Press the button and the door will open. 考点五 同义转换：pressure = stress / burden 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。pressure 表示“压力”时可替换为 stress 或 burden，均表示压力、负担。 例句：She feels a lot of pressure. (= She feels a lot of stress.) under pressure — 短语 承受着压力；被迫 课本原句：Whenever I feel down or under pressure, I pick up my brush and start writing. 考点一 固定搭配：under pressure（承受着压力） 说明：“under pressure”是固定短语，表示处于压力之下。under 表示“在……状态中”，类似 under control。 例句：She works well under pressure and never panics during exams. 考点二 同义表达：feel stressed / feel pressed 说明：与 under pressure 意思相近的表达还有 feel stressed（感到焦虑）和 feel pressed（感到压力大）。 例句：If you are feeling under pressure, try talking to a friend or teacher. 考点三 介词搭配对比：under pressure vs in trouble vs under control 说明：“under + 名词”结构在中考中很常见：under pressure（承压）、in trouble（处于困境）、under control（受控制）。 例句：When you are under pressure, remember that things will get better. 考点四 短语扩展：under the pressure of（在……的压力下） 说明：在 under pressure 后加 of 再接名词，表示“在某种压力的影响下”。 例句：Under the pressure of the heavy homework, he still managed to finish on time. 考点五 同义转换：under pressure = stressed / under stress 说明：中考常考同义句型转换。under pressure 可替换为 under stress 或 stressed，均表示承受压力。 例句：He works well under pressure. (= He works well under stress.) pride /praɪd/ n. 自豪，骄傲 课本原句：I look at this with pride and happiness. 课本原句：Take pride in your progress. 考点一 固定搭配：take pride in（以……为傲） 说明：“take pride in”是中考高频考点，相当于 be proud of，表示“为……感到自豪”。 例句：Our teachers take pride in the success of every student. 考点二 介词搭配：with pride（自豪地） 说明：“with pride”是介词短语，在句中作方式状语，表示“带着自豪的心情”。 例句：She showed her painting to her parents with pride. 考点三 辨析：pride vs proud 说明：pride 是名词（自豪），proud 是形容词（自豪的）。be proud of = take pride in，是中考重要句型转换考点。 例句：My mother is proud of me. / My mother takes pride in me. 考点四 词义辨析：自豪 vs 骄傲（傲慢） 说明：pride 在英语中既可用于褒义“自豪”，也可用于贬义“骄傲自大”，需根据上下文判断感情色彩。 例句：His pride made it hard for him to say sorry when he was wrong. 考点五 固定搭配：be the pride of（是……的骄傲） 说明：“be the pride of”表示某人或某物是某个群体引以为豪的对象。 例句：Li Hua is the pride of our class because she won the English speech contest. 考点六 同义转换：pride = sense of achievement / self-respect 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。pride 可替换为 sense of achievement 或 self-respect，均表示自豪、骄傲。 例句：She looked at her work with pride. (= She looked at her work with a sense of achievement.) beautifully /ˈbjuːtɪfli/ adv. 漂亮地 课本原句：A calligrapher is someone who practises the art of writing beautifully with a brush. 考点一 派生：beautiful → beautifully（形容词变副词） 说明：beautifully 由形容词 beautiful 加 -ly 构成副词，表示“漂亮地、优美地”。这是中考形容词变副词的重要考点。 例句：The garden was beautifully designed by the students themselves. 考点二 副词用法：修饰动词 说明：beautifully 作为方式副词，修饰动作动词，说明动作进行的方式，通常放在动词之后。 例句：She sings beautifully and everyone in the audience was moved. 考点三 辨析：beautifully vs well vs nicely 说明：beautifully 强调美感（漂亮地做某事），well 强调质量好（做得好），nicely 强调令人愉快（友好地）。中考需区分语境使用。 例句：The cake was beautifully decorated and it tasted very good as well. 考点四 常见搭配：write / sing / play beautifully 说明：beautifully 常与艺术类动词搭配，如 write beautifully（写得漂亮）、sing beautifully（唱得优美）、play beautifully（演奏得好）。 例句：My grandmother plays the piano beautifully even though she is over seventy. 考点五 同义转换：beautifully = wonderfully / attractively 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。beautifully 可替换为 wonderfully 或 attractively，均表示漂亮地、美好地。 例句：She writes beautifully. (= She writes wonderfully.) technique /tekˈniːk/ n. 技巧，技艺 课本原句：Students will learn about modern art techniques. These may be unfamiliar to them. 课本原句：The techniques the artist uses to paint people are quite creative. 考点一 可数名词用法：techniques（复数形式） 说明：technique 是可数名词，表示“具体的技巧、技艺”时常用复数形式 techniques，指多种不同的技巧。 例句：The teacher showed us several techniques for solving this kind of maths problem. 考点二 常见搭配：learn / use / practise techniques 说明：technique 常与 learn（学习）、use（使用）、practise（练习）、develop（培养）等动词搭配。 例句：If you want to improve your English writing, you should learn some useful techniques. 考点三 辨析：technique vs skill 说明：technique 侧重具体的方法和技巧（如绘画技巧），skill 侧重综合能力（如语言技能）。technique 是可数名词，skill 既可数又不可数。 例句：Speaking English well is a skill, and learning new techniques can help improve it. 考点四 介词搭配：a technique for (doing) sth 说明：表示“做某事的技巧”，用 a technique for (doing) sth 这个结构。 例句：My art teacher taught me a new technique for drawing faces. 考点五 同义转换：technique = method / skill 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。technique 可替换为 method 或 skill，均表示技巧、方法。 例句：She learnt a new painting technique. (= She learnt a new painting method.) unfamiliar /ˌʌnfəˈmɪliə(r)/ adj. 不熟悉的 课本原句：These may be unfamiliar to them. 考点一 介词搭配：be unfamiliar to sb（对某人来说不熟悉） 说明：“be unfamiliar to sb”表示“对某人来说不熟悉”。注意主语是不熟悉的事物，to 后接感到陌生的人。 例句：This kind of music is unfamiliar to most young people today. 考点二 介词搭配：be unfamiliar with sth（某人对……不熟悉） 说明：“be unfamiliar with sth”表示“某人对某事物不熟悉”。注意与 be unfamiliar to sb 的主语不同。 例句：I am unfamiliar with this new computer program, so I need some help. 考点三 派生：familiar → unfamiliar（反义词） 说明：unfamiliar 由 familiar（熟悉的）加否定前缀 un- 构成。中考常通过否定前缀考查词义转换。 例句：This street looks familiar, but the shop at the corner is completely unfamiliar to me. 考点四 辨析：unfamiliar vs strange 说明：unfamiliar 强调“不熟悉、不了解”（客观不认识），strange 强调“奇怪的、陌生的”（带有主观陌生感或怪异感）。 例句：The new school felt strange to me at first, and many faces were unfamiliar. 考点五 同义转换：unfamiliar = unknown / new 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。unfamiliar 可替换为 unknown 或 new，均表示不熟悉的。 例句：The topic is unfamiliar to me. (= The topic is unknown to me.) up close — 短语 很近地，在近处 课本原句：I look forward to seeing it up close. 考点一 固定搭配：up close（很近地，在近处） 说明：“up close”是副词性短语，表示“在很近的地方观看或接触”，强调近距离体验。 例句：The painting looks even more beautiful when you see it up close. 考点二 同义表达：at close range / from a short distance 说明：“at close range”和“from a short distance”与 up close 意思相近，都表示“近距离地”。 例句：I had never seen a panda up close until I visited the zoo last summer. 考点三 常见搭配：see / look at sth up close 说明：up close 常与感官动词 see 或 look at 搭配，表示近距离观察某物。 例句：In the museum, we got to look at the ancient coins up close. 考点四 辨析：up close vs closely 说明：up close 是短语，强调“位置上很近”；closely 是副词，强调“仔细地、密切地”（如 listen closely 仔细听）。 例句：We stood up close to the painting and looked at it closely to see every detail. 考点五 同义转换：up close = from nearby / at close range 说明：中考常考同义句型转换。up close 可替换为 from nearby 或 at close range，均表示很近地、在近处。 例句：I saw the painting up close. (= I saw the painting at close range.) basket /ˈbɑːskɪt/ n. 篮，篓，筐 课本原句：A basket. 考点一 固定搭配：a basket of（一篮子……） 说明：“a basket of”后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，表示“一篮子某物”，是常见的量词表达。 例句：My grandmother sent us a basket of fruit from her garden. 考点二 合成词：basketball（篮球） 说明：basketball 由 basket（篮子）+ ball（球）构成。最初篮球运动正是把球投入篮子而得名。 例句：I play basketball with my friends every Friday afternoon. 考点三 辨析：basket vs box 说明：basket 指用竹、藤等编成的“篮子”（通常有缝隙），box 指用纸、木、塑料等制成的“盒子”（通常封闭）。 例句：She put the books in a box and the flowers in a beautiful basket. 考点四 常见搭配：shopping basket / waste basket 说明：shopping basket 指“购物篮”，waste basket 指“废纸篓”。这些都是日常生活中的高频表达。 例句：I put the empty bottles into the waste basket in the corner. 考点五 同义转换：basket = container / woven box 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。basket 可替换为 container 或 woven box，均表示篮、简。 例句：She carried a basket of flowers. (= She carried a container of flowers.) general /ˈdʒenrəl/ adj. 一般的；总的 课本原句：In general, there are some differences between Chinese and Western paintings. 考点一 固定搭配：in general（大体上；总的说来） 说明：“in general”是中考高频短语，通常放在句首作状语，表示“总的来说、一般而言”。 例句：In general, students in our class work very hard on their studies. 考点二 一词多义：一般的 vs 总的 说明：general 作形容词主要有两个义项：“一般的、普遍的”（如 general idea 大致观点）和“总的、整体的”（如 general manager 总经理）。 例句：Can you give me a general idea of what the book is about? 考点三 辨析：general vs common 说明：general 强调“总体上的、大致的”，common 强调“常见的、普遍的”。general idea 指大致想法，common sense 指常识。 例句：It is common for students to have a general plan before they start writing. 考点四 派生词：generally（adv. 一般地；通常） 说明：general 的副词形式是 generally，去掉 al 加 -ly。generally speaking（一般来说）是中考写作中常用的开头短语。 例句：Generally speaking, doing sports is good for our health. 考点五 同义转换：general = broad / overall 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。general 可替换为 broad 或 overall，均表示一般的、总的。 例句：The general idea is clear. (= The overall idea is clear.) in general — 短语 大体上；总的说来 课本原句：In general, there are some differences between Chinese and Western paintings. 考点一 固定搭配：in general（大体上，总的说来） 说明：“in general”常放在句首，用于概括性地陈述观点，后接逗号与主句隔开。 例句：In general, I think learning a new language takes time and patience. 考点二 同义表达：generally speaking / on the whole 说明：“generally speaking”和“on the whole”与 in general 意思相同，都表示“总体而言”。 例句：In general, the weather in my hometown is warm and sunny in summer. 考点三 辨析：in general vs generally 说明：in general 是介词短语，generally 是副词。两者在句首用法几乎相同，但 in general 还可后置修饰名词（如 people in general 普通人）。 例句：In general, people in my neighbourhood are friendly and helpful. 考点四 句中位置：句首、句中、句末 说明：in general 最常见的位置是句首，但也可放在句末或动词后。句首位置用于总体概括，句中位置用于限定某一部分。 例句：Our school has, in general, a very good learning environment. 考点五 反义表达：in particular（特别地，具体地） 说明：“in particular”是 in general 的反义短语，表示“特别地、具体说来”，用于从概括转向具体说明。 例句：I like all kinds of music in general, but I enjoy pop music in particular. 考点六 同义转换：in general = generally / on the whole 说明：中考常考同义句型转换。in general 可替换为 generally 或 on the whole，均表示大体上、总的说来。 例句：In general, students like art. (= Generally, students like art.) brushwork /ˈbrʌʃwɜːk/ n. 画法，笔触 课本原句：Has fine and tidy brushwork. 考点一 构词法：brush + work → brushwork（复合词） 说明：brushwork 由 brush（画笔）和 work（作品；功夫）组合而成，字面意思是“画笔功夫”，引申为“画法、笔触”。 例句：The artist's brushwork is so smooth that you can hardly see any lines. 考点二 常见修饰词：fine and tidy brushwork 说明：“fine and tidy brushwork”表示“精细整洁的笔法”，fine 在此表示“精细的”而非“好的”。 例句：Traditional Chinese paintings often show very fine brushwork. 考点三 近义表达：painting style（绘画风格） 说明：brushwork 侧重于用笔的方式和效果，painting style 是更宽泛的表达，指整体的绘画风格。 例句：The painter's unique brushwork makes his artworks stand out from others. 考点四 同义转换：brushwork = painting style / brush technique 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。brushwork 可替换为 painting style 或 brush technique，均表示画法、笔触。 例句：The brushwork is fine and tidy. (= The painting style is fine and tidy.) similarity /ˌsɪməˈlærəti/ n. 相似性 课本原句：Aims at similarity in form. 课本原句：Aims at similarity in spirit. 考点一 介词搭配：similarity in（在……方面的相似性） 说明：“similarity in”后接名词，表示“在某方面的相似之处”。如 similarity in form（形式上的相似）、similarity in spirit（精神上的相似）。 例句：There is a great similarity in the way the two sisters speak. 考点二 固定搭配：a similarity between A and B 说明：表示“A 和 B 之间的相似之处”，用 a similarity between A and B。 例句：I found many similarities between my old school and my new one. 考点三 派生：similar → similarity（形容词变名词） 说明：similarity 由形容词 similar（相似的）加 -ity 后缀构成名词，表示“相似性”。中考常考词性转换。 例句：These two stories are very similar. Can you find any other similarities between them? 考点四 辨析：similarity vs difference（反义词） 说明：similarity 指“相似性”，difference 指“差异性”，两者是反义关系。中考阅读理解中常需要找 similarities and differences。 例句：The similarity between the two paintings is obvious, but there are also important differences. 考点五 同义转换：similarity = resemblance / likeness 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。similarity 可替换为 resemblance 或 likeness，均表示相似性。 例句：There is a similarity between the two styles. (= There is a resemblance between the two styles.) present /prɪˈzent/ vt. 展现 课本原句：The technology used to present Van Gogh's art was amazing. 考点一 一词多义：present（v. 展现 / n. 礼物 / adj. 在场的） 说明：present 在 Unit 6 中作动词，意为“展现”。它还可作名词（“礼物”，读作 /ˈpreznt/）或形容词（“在场的”）。读音随词性变化。 例句：The teacher asked us to present our ideas to the whole class in English. 考点二 介词搭配：present sth to sb（向某人展示某物） 说明：“present sth to sb”表示“向某人展示、呈现某物”。注意 presentation 是其名词形式。 例句：Each group had to present their project to the rest of the class. 考点三 辨析：present vs show 说明：present 比较正式，常用于“正式展示、呈现”的语境（如论文展示、艺术展览）；show 更口语化，用于日常“给……看”的场景。 例句：She showed me her new phone and later presented her research in front of the whole school. 考点四 派生词：presentation（n. 展示，演示） 说明：present（展现）的名词形式是 presentation，常指“演讲展示、演示报告”。中考中常考词性转换。 例句：Tom gave a wonderful presentation about space exploration in science class. 考点五 同义转换：present = show / display 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。present 作动词表示“展现”时可替换为 show 或 display，均表示展示、呈现。 例句：The technology presented the art beautifully. (= The technology displayed the art beautifully.) perhaps /pəˈhæps/ adv. 可能，也许 课本原句：Perhaps we should go to another art show together sometime. 考点一 句中位置：perhaps 通常放在句首 说明：perhaps 多放在句首，用于提出建议或委婉表达，后面常用逗号与主句隔开。也可放在句中或句末。 例句：Perhaps we can meet at the library after school tomorrow. 考点二 辨析：perhaps vs maybe vs probably 说明：perhaps 和 maybe 都表示可能性（约 50%），可以互换。probably 可能性更大（约 80%）。perhaps 偏英式，maybe 偏美式口语。 例句：Perhaps it will rain tomorrow, but I'm not sure. 考点三 语气用法：委婉建议 说明：perhaps 常用于委婉地提出建议或表达看法，比直接说 should 语气更柔和、更礼貌。 例句：Perhaps you could ask the teacher for some extra help with this topic. 考点四 句式结构：Perhaps + 主语 + should / could / might ... 说明：perhaps 后常接情态动词 should、could、might 等，构成委婉建议或推测的句式。 例句：Perhaps we might try a different way to solve this maths problem. 考点五 同义转换：perhaps = maybe / possibly 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。perhaps 可替换为 maybe 或 possibly，均表示可能、也许。 例句：Perhaps we should go together. (= Maybe we should go together.) sometime /ˈsʌmtaɪm/ adv. 在某时 课本原句：Perhaps we should go to another art show together sometime. 考点一 辨析：sometime vs sometimes vs some time（高频考点） 说明：sometime（某时，不确定的时间点）≠ sometimes（有时，频率副词，约占 40%）≠ some time（一段时间）。这是中考必考辨析。 例句：I will visit my grandparents sometime next week. Sometimes I stay there for some time. 考点二 句中位置：sometime 常放在句末 说明：sometime 常放在句末或句中表示“在某个不确定的时间”，一般不与 before、ago 等确定的时间介词连用。 例句：We should go to the new library together sometime. 考点三 时态搭配：常与将来时连用 说明：sometime 表示不确定的将来时间，常与将来时（will / should / can）连用，表示“将来某个时候”。 例句：My friend said she will come to see me sometime before the summer holiday. 考点四 用法对比：sometime next week vs sometimes next week 说明：sometime next week 表示“下周某个时候”（一个不确定的时间点），sometimes next week 是错误用法。 例句：I hope to visit the art museum sometime during the school holiday. 考点五 同义转换：sometime = at some point / one day 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。sometime 可替换为 at some point 或 one day，均表示在某时。 例句：Let us meet sometime next week. (= Let us meet at some point next week.) expert /ˈekspɜːt/ n. 专家 课本原句：He quickly became an expert at traditional Chinese painting. 考点一 介词搭配：an expert at / in（某方面的专家） 说明：表示“某方面的专家”，expert 后可用介词 at 或 in。at 更强调技能，in 更强调领域。 例句：My uncle is an expert at fixing computers. He can solve almost any problem. 考点二 辨析：expert vs specialist 说明：expert 强调在某领域有丰富经验和专业知识的人（专家），specialist 强调专门从事某一领域的人（专科医生、专业人士）。 例句：The expert on Chinese history gave us a very interesting talk at school. 考点三 修饰搭配：a leading / well-known expert 说明：expert 前常用 leading（顶尖的）、well-known（著名的）等形容词修饰，表示专家的声望和水平。 例句：Our school invited a well-known expert on education to give a talk to the parents. 考点四 形容词用法：be expert at（擅长的） 说明：expert 也可作形容词，be expert at (doing) sth 表示“擅长做某事”，相当于 be good at 但更强调专业水平。 例句：She is expert at playing the piano and she practises for three hours every day. 考点五 同义转换：expert = specialist / master 说明：中考常考同义词汇转换。expert 可替换为 specialist 或 master，均表示专家、高手。 例句：He is an expert at painting. (= He is a master at painting.) a great deal — 短语 大量，很多 课本原句：He also travelled a great deal and studied art in Japan and France. 考点一 固定搭配：a great deal（大量，很多） 说明：“a great deal”用作副词，修饰动词，相当于 very much 或 a lot。后不接 of 时直接修饰动词。 例句：Since I started high school, I have learned a great deal about Chinese history. 考点二 辨析：a great deal vs a lot vs much 说明：a great deal 比较正式，a lot 更口语化，much 多用于否定句和疑问句。三者都可修饰动词，表示“很多”。 例句：Reading English books has helped me a great deal with my writing. 考点三 扩展：a great deal of + 不可数名词 说明：“a great deal of”后接不可数名词（如 a great deal of time / money / work），相当于 a lot of + 不可数名词。 例句：He spent a great deal of time preparing for the English speech competition. 考点四 用法限制：a great deal of 不能接可数名词 说明：a great deal of 只能修饰不可数名词，不能修饰可数名词。修饰可数名词需用 a great many 或 a large number of。 例句：A great deal of homework was given to us over the weekend. 考点五 同义转换：a great deal = a lot / much 说明：中考常考同义句型转换。a great deal 可替换为 a lot 或 much，均表示大量、很多。 例句：He travelled a great deal. (= He travelled a lot.) - 1 - 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $