2026-2027学年外研版九年级上册英语语法专题精练

2026外研版（新版）九年级上册 英语语法专题精练 六大单元 · 六大考点 · 分层训练（基础→提升→拓展）· 全选择题 · 含详细解析 考点一：条件状语从句（if / unless）与原因状语从句（because） 📖 对应单元：Unit 1 Teenagers today 📌 语法要点总结 1. if 条件状语从句：主将从现：if从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形 2. unless = if...not：unless从句是肯定形式，可转换为if...not否定形式 3. because 原因状语从句：because+完整句子；because of+名词/短语；because不与so连用 4. if 两种身份：if引导条件状语从句（"如果"）用主将从现；引导宾语从句（"是否"）用陈述语序 ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ If it will rain, we will stay home. ✅ If it rains, we will stay home. if条件从句中不用will表将来 ❌ Because she was ill, so she stayed home. ✅ Because she was ill, she stayed home. because和so不能同时使用 ❌ Unless you don't hurry, you'll be late. ✅ Unless you hurry, you'll be late. unless本身含否定，后面不再加not ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇ （ ）1. If Olivia ______ hard, she will pass the exam. A. studies B. will study C. studied D. is studying ◇ （ ）2. Chen Wei was late ______ he missed the early bus. A. so B. because C. because of D. unless ◇ （ ）3. You will fail the test ______ you study harder. A. if B. unless C. because D. when ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ （ ）1. — Do you know ______ Lily will come to the party? — Sorry, I don't know. But if she ______, I will tell you. A. if; comes B. whether; will come C. if; will come D. that; comes ▷ （ ）2. Zhang Hao didn't go to school yesterday ______ he was ill. ______, he still finished his homework at home. A. because; However B. so; Therefore C. because of; Instead D. since; Although ▷ （ ）3. Unless it ______ tomorrow, we ______ a picnic in the park. A. rains; will have B. will rain; have C. rains; have D. will rain; will have ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★ （ ）1. I don't know ______ Bella can come to Qingdao with us this weekend. If she ______ free, she will join us. A. if; is B. whether; will be C. that; is D. if; will be ★ （ ）2. The teacher said that if we ______ (work) together, we would finish the project on time. (选正确形式) A. work B. worked C. will work D. are working ★ （ ）3. ______ it was raining heavily, the students still went to school on time. The correct conjunction to replace the blank is: A. Because B. Although C. Unless D. Since 考点二：时间状语从句（when / while / as / until / since）与地点状语从句（where） 📖 对应单元：Unit 2 On the money 📌 语法要点总结 1. when 引导时间状语从句：从句可用延续性或非延续性动词；主将从现；可放句首(加逗号)或句末 2. while 引导时间状语从句：强调主从句动作同时发生；从句动词须为延续性；常用进行时态 3. until / not...until：主句为延续性动词用肯定；主句为非延续性动词用否定(not...until) 4. since 引导时间状语从句：主句常用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时（现完配一过） 5. where 引导地点状语从句：表示"在……的地方"，修饰主句动作发生的位置，不同于定语从句 ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ ❌ While I opened the door, the phone rang. → ✅ ✅ When I opened the door, the phone rang. 💡 while不能接非延续性动词(open) ❌ ❌ He didn't leave until I will arrive. → ✅ ✅ He didn't leave until I arrived. 💡 until引导的从句用一般过去时，不用will ❌ ❌ This is the park where we played there. → ✅ ✅ This is the park where we played. 💡 where已代替there，句中不再加there ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇ （ ）1. You should put the money back ______ it was. A. when B. what C. where D. which ◇ （ ）2. When Jam ______ home yesterday, he found a surprise on his desk. A. gets B. got C. will get D. is getting ◇ （ ）3. My mother was cooking ______ I was doing my homework. A. when B. while C. as soon as D. until ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ （ ）1. The bus won't start ______ everyone gets on. We waited ______ the driver arrived. A. until; until B. when; since C. because; until D. if; when ▷ （ ）2. Olivia has volunteered at the museum ______ she was a teenager. She still works there ______ the museum needs extra help. A. since; when B. for; while C. since; because D. when; since ▷ （ ）3. As soon as Zhou Kai ______ the news, he ______ his friends about it. A. hears; will tell B. will hear; tells C. hears; tells D. will hear; will tell ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★ （ ）1. Lily didn't realize she had lost her wallet ______ she got home. By the time she found it missing, she ______ everywhere in the house. A. until; had looked B. when; looked C. since; was looking D. because; has looked ★ （ ）2. Chen Wei was about to leave ______ the phone rang. The correct word to fill in the blank is: A. when B. while C. since D. until ★ （ ）3. ______ the tin is ready, you can put all your pocket money into it. ______ the year ends, you'll be surprised at how much you saved. A. When; When B. Where; Where C. Since; Since D. While; While 考点三：结果状语从句（so...that / such...that）与目的状语从句（so that） 📖 对应单元：Unit 3 Past passing by 📌 语法要点总结 1. so + adj./adv. + that：so修饰形容词或副词，后接that从句表示结果 2. such + (a/an) + adj. + n. + that：such修饰名词短语；such a/an + adj. + 单数可数名词 3. so that 引导目的状语从句：表示"为了/以便"，从句中常含can/could/may/might等情态动词 4. so...that 与 such...that 转换：such an amazing place = so amazing a place（注意语序变化） ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ ❌ It was so an interesting book that I read it twice. → ✅ ✅ It was such an interesting book that I read it twice. 💡 so不接冠词+名词；应用such ❌ ❌ He spoke loud so that everyone could hear him. → ✅ ✅ He spoke loudly so that everyone could hear him. 💡 so that表目的时，loud应为副词loudly ❌ ❌ The treasure is such valuable that it is kept in a safe. → ✅ ✅ The treasure is so valuable that it is kept in a safe. 💡 valuable是形容词，用so修饰而非such ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇ （ ）1. The movie was ______ interesting ______ everyone wanted to watch it again. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to ◇ （ ）2. Zhang Hao studies hard ______ he can get into a good high school. A. because B. so that C. such that D. so...that ◇ （ ）3. It is ______ amazing story ______ people visit the museum from all over the world. A. so; that B. such an; that C. such a; that D. so an; that ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ （ ）1. Bella spoke ______ slowly ______ the elderly visitors could understand every word she said. A. so; that B. such; that C. so that; / D. /; so that ▷ （ ）2. The archaeological remains in Xiamen were ______ they attracted researchers from many countries. A. so amazing that B. such amazing that C. so amazed that D. such amazed that ▷ （ ）3. This is ______ wonderful piece of art ______ it is now world-famous. A. so a; that B. such a; that C. a so; that D. a such; that ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★ （ ）1. Olivia made ______ great contributions to the project ______ she was awarded a special prize. (Choose the correct pair) A. so; that B. such; that C. such a; that D. so a; that ★ （ ）2. The archaeologist explained the mystery ______ clearly ______ even the teenagers could understand it. Which pair is correct? A. so; that B. such; that C. so that; / D. too; that ★ （ ）3. The historical site is ______ worth visiting ______ thousands of tourists go there every year. The best choice is: A. so; that B. such; that C. so; as to D. too; to 考点四：定语从句（who 引导，先行词指人） 📖 对应单元：Unit 4 Heroes 📌 语法要点总结 1. who 引导定语从句(作主语)：先行词指人，who在从句中作主语，不能省略 2. who/whom 引导定语从句(作宾语)：先行词指人，whom作宾语（口语可用who），可以省略 3. whose 引导定语从句(表所属)：whose + 名词，表示"某人的……"，不可省略 4. 定语从句陈述语序：从句用陈述语序(主语+谓语)，不能用疑问倒装语序 ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ ❌ The girl who she helps me is kind. → ✅ ✅ The girl who helps me is kind. 💡 who已作主语，不再重复代词she ❌ ❌ He is the hero which saved many people. → ✅ ✅ He is the hero who saved many people. 💡 先行词是人，关系词用who/that，不用which ❌ ❌ Do you know the man comes from Wuhan? → ✅ ✅ Do you know the man who comes from Wuhan? 💡 定语从句缺少关系词，必须补上who ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇ （ ）1. Lily is the volunteer ______ I met at the hospital yesterday. A. which B. who C. whom D. whose ◇ （ ）2. The pilot ______ flew the plane safely is a great hero. A. which B. who C. whom D. whose ◇ （ ）3. This is the doctor ______ saved many lives during the disaster. A. which B. who C. whom D. what ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ （ ）1. Do you know the man ______ daughter is a famous scientist? A. who B. whom C. whose D. which ▷ （ ）2. Chen Wei is a teenager ______ never gives up, even when things get difficult. A. which B. who C. whom D. whose ▷ （ ）3. The soldier ______ we remembered with great respect died for China in 1952. A. which B. who C. whom D. what ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★ （ ）1. The hero ______ everyone is talking about today is a young firefighter from Jinan. The blank can be filled with: A. who B. whom C. both A and B D. whose ★ （ ）2. Olivia, ______ is only 15, has already succeeded in organizing three charity events. (Choose the correct relative pronoun) A. which B. who C. whom D. whose ★ （ ）3. I will never forget the teacher ______ encouraged me to follow in her footsteps. She is someone ______ wisdom changed my life. A. who; whose B. whom; who C. whose; who D. who; whom 考点五：定语从句（that / which 引导，先行词指物及特殊规则） 📖 对应单元：Unit 5 A fine balance 📌 语法要点总结 1. that 引导定语从句：先行词既可指人也可指物；作主语不可省，作宾语可省 2. which 引导定语从句：先行词只能指物；非限制性定语从句(有逗号)只能用which 3. 只能用that的情况：①最高级/序数词修饰 ②不定代词(all/much/nothing等) ③先行词既有人又有物 ④主句以who/which开头 4. 只能用which的情况：①非限制性定语从句 ②介词前置(preposition + which) ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ ❌ This is the best film which I have ever seen. → ✅ ✅ This is the best film that I have ever seen. 💡 最高级修饰先行词时，关系词只能用that ❌ ❌ I bought a book, that is very interesting. → ✅ ✅ I bought a book, which is very interesting. 💡 非限制性定语从句(逗号隔开)只能用which ❌ ❌ All what he said was true. → ✅ ✅ All that he said was true. 💡 不定代词all作先行词时，关系词用that不用what ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇ （ ）1. Is this the book ______ you bought last week? (Choose the word that CANNOT be used) A. that B. which C. who D. 不填（省略） ◇ （ ）2. The rainforest ______ we visited in Xiamen is home to many rare animals. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose ◇ （ ）3. The bamboo forest ______ provides food for pandas is shrinking rapidly. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ （ ）1. He talked about the people and things ______ he remembered from his childhood in Wuhan. A. which B. who C. that D. what ▷ （ ）2. This is the most successful wildlife protection project ______ China has ever launched. A. which B. that C. what D. who ▷ （ ）3. The house, ______ was built in 1990, is now protected as a historical site. A. that B. which C. who D. what ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★ （ ）1. This is the place ______ which many tourists come every year. The blank should be filled with a preposition. Choose the correct one: A. in B. on C. at D. to ★ （ ）2. There is nothing ______ I can do for you. Which is the only correct choice? A. which B. what C. that D. who ★ （ ）3. Who is the scientist ______ is standing there? The research ______ she is working on is about ecosystems. A. that; that B. which; which C. that; which D. who; who 考点六：构词法（合成法 / 派生法 / 转化法） 📖 对应单元：Unit 6 Live green 📌 语法要点总结 1. 合成法(Compounding)：两个或以上单词合成新词：tooth+brush=toothbrush, plastic+free=plastic-free 2. 派生法-前缀：un-(不) unhappy, dis-(不) disagree, im-(不) impossible, re-(再) rebuild, en-(使) encourage 3. 派生法-后缀：-tion(名词) pollution, -ful(形容词) helpful, -less(形容词) homeless, -ment(名词) development 4. 转化法(Conversion)：词形不变词性改变：water(n.水→v.浇水), hand(n.手→v.传递), clean(adj.干净→v.打扫) ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ ❌ She is unpossible to finish the work today. → ✅ ✅ She is impossible to finish the work today. 💡 impossible的前缀是im-不是un-（因p开头） ❌ ❌ We should reuse the plastic bags to reduce pollution. → ✅ ✅ We should reuse the plastic bags to reduce pollution. 💡 reuse是正确派生词(re-+use)；不要写成re-use混淆 ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇ （ ）1. Which word is formed by adding a prefix? A. helpful B. sunset C. unhappy D. blackboard ◇ （ ）2. The word "toothbrush" is formed by ______. A. 派生法 B. 合成法 C. 转化法 D. 缩略法 ◇ （ ）3. In the sentence "We should water the plants every day", the word "water" is used as a ______. A. noun B. verb C. adjective D. adverb ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ （ ）1. The word "plastic-free" means "______". It is formed by ______. A. without plastic; 合成法 B. full of plastic; 派生法 C. making plastic; 转化法 D. against plastic; 缩略法 ▷ （ ）2. Choose the word with the correct prefix: The movie was so sad that many people felt ______. A. unhappy B. dislike C. impossible D. mismatch ▷ （ ）3. Which of the following is a compound adjective? A. hard-working B. development C. carefully D. kindness ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★ （ ）1. Which word is created by conversion (noun → verb)? A. hand (He handed me the book) B. careful (Be careful!) C. happiness (find happiness) D. rebuild (They rebuilt the house) ★ （ ）2. "The government is taking action to reduce pollution and protect the environment." The suffix "-tion" in "pollution" turns the verb "pollute" into a ______. A. noun B. verb C. adjective D. adverb ★ （ ）3. Olivia is a peace-loving teenager. She believes that everyone should live in a ______ world. The word "peace-loving" is a ______. A. warlike; 派生形容词 B. peaceful; 复合形容词 C. peace; 转化名词 D. lovely; 派生名词 📝 参考答案及详细解析 考点1 参考答案与解析 ◇ 基础题 ◇（ ）1. 答案：A → 主将从现：if条件从句用一般现在时studies表示将来，主句用will pass。B项will study不能用于if从句中。 ◇（ ）2. 答案：B → because引导原因状语从句，后接完整句子he missed the bus。C项because of后接名词短语。A项so和because不能连用。 ◇（ ）3. 答案：B → unless = if...not，意为"除非/如果不"。整句：除非你更努力学习，否则你会考试不及格。A项if逻辑反了。 ▷ 提升题 ▷（ ）1. 答案：A → 第一空if引导宾语从句（"是否"），用陈述语序；第二空if引导条件状语从句，用主将从现。B项will come不能用于条件从句。 ▷（ ）2. 答案：A → 第一空because引导原因状语从句；第二空However表示转折"然而"，符合语境（虽然生病但仍完成作业）。 ▷（ ）3. 答案：A → unless = if...not，从句用一般现在时rains；主句用一般将来时will have。B项主句用了will rain错误。 ★ 拓展题 ★（ ）1. 答案：B → .. ★（ ）2. 答案：B → .. ★（ ）3. 答案：B → Although引导让步状语从句（"虽然..."），与后半句still构成"虽然...但是..."的逻辑。Because表原因逻辑不符。 考点2 参考答案与解析 ◇ 基础题 ◇（ ）1. 答案：C → where引导地点状语从句，表示"放回它原来在的地方"。where = at the place where。 ◇（ ）2. 答案：B → yesterday提示用一般过去时got。when引导时间状语从句，主从句时态一致。 ◇（ ）3. 答案：B → while强调两个延续性动作同时发生，主从句都用进行时态(was cooking / was doing)。 ▷ 提升题 ▷（ ）1. 答案：A → not...until...句型：公共汽车直到每个人都上车才会发动。两空都是until。 ▷（ ）2. 答案：A → 第一空since + 过去时间点(一般过去时)，主句用现在完成时；第二空when引导时间状语从句。 ▷（ ）3. 答案：A → as soon as引导时间状语从句，主将从现：从句用hears(三单)，主句用will tell。 ★ 拓展题 ★（ ）1. 答案：A → not...until...直到...才...；第二空by the time提示用过去完成时had looked。 ★（ ）2. 答案：A → be about to do...when...是固定句型，表示"正要做...这时突然..."。when = at that moment。 ★（ ）3. 答案：A → 两空都是when引导时间状语从句。When the tin is ready = 当存钱罐准备好时。 考点3 参考答案与解析 ◇ 基础题 ◇（ ）1. 答案：A → so + adj. + that...如此有趣以至于...。interesting是形容词，用so修饰。 ◇（ ）2. 答案：B → so that引导目的状语从句，表示"为了/以便"，从句含can get into。 ◇（ ）3. 答案：B → such + an + adj. + 单数可数名词 + that...。amazing以元音开头用an。 ▷ 提升题 ▷（ ）1. 答案：A → so + adv. + that...。slowly是副词，用so修饰（不用such）。 ▷（ ）2. 答案：A → so + adj. + that...。amazing修饰物用amazing（不是amazed）。such后须接名词短语。 ▷（ ）3. 答案：B → such + a/an + adj. + 单数名词 + that...。wonderful piece是名词短语。 ★ 拓展题 ★（ ）1. 答案：B → .. ★（ ）2. 答案：B → .. ★（ ）3. 答案：A → so + adj. (worth) + that...。worth是形容词，用so修饰。 考点4 参考答案与解析 ◇ 基础题 ◇（ ）1. 答案：C → 先行词the volunteer指人，whom在从句中作met的宾语（我遇见的人），口语可用who。 ◇（ ）2. 答案：B → 先行词the pilot指人，who在从句中作主语（flew），不能省略，不用which。 ◇（ ）3. 答案：A → .. ▷ 提升题 ▷（ ）1. 答案：C → whose + 名词(daughter)，表示"他的女儿"，表所属关系。 ▷（ ）2. 答案：B → 先行词a teenager指人，who在从句中作主语（never gives up）。 ▷（ ）3. 答案：B → 先行词the soldier指人，whom在从句中作remembered的宾语。 ★ 拓展题 ★（ ）1. 答案：C → 第一空everyone is talking about中缺宾语，用whom/who；第二空也是同样结构。both A and B正确。 ★（ ）2. 答案：B → ... ★（ ）3. 答案：A → 第一空who在从句中作encouraged的主语；第二空whose wisdom = her wisdom，表所属。 考点5 参考答案与解析 ◇ 基础题 ◇（ ）1. 答案：C → 先行词the book指物，关系代词作bought的宾语可省略。who只能指人，不能用于指物。 ◇（ ）2. 答案：C → 先行词the rainforest指物，which在从句中作visited的宾语。 ◇（ ）3. 答案：B → 先行词the bamboo forest指物，which在从句中作主语（provides）。 ▷ 提升题 ▷（ ）1. 答案：C → 先行词既有人(the people)又有物(the things)，关系词只能用that。 ▷（ ）2. 答案：B → 最高级the most successful修饰先行词，关系词只能用that（不能用which）。 ▷（ ）3. 答案：B → 非限制性定语从句（逗号隔开），只能用which（不能用that）。 ★ 拓展题 ★（ ）1. 答案：D → come to the place = come to which → 介词to前置。tourists come to the place。 ★（ ）2. 答案：C → 不定代词nothing作先行词时，关系词只能用that（不用which/what）。 ★（ ）3. 答案：A → 第一空主句以Who开头避免重复用that；第二空先行词the research指物，用that/which。 考点6 参考答案与解析 ◇ 基础题 ◇（ ）1. 答案：C → un-是前缀，加在happy前构成unhappy（不开心），属于派生法中的加前缀。 ◇（ ）2. 答案：B → tooth + brush = toothbrush，两个独立单词合成一个新词，属于合成法(Compounding)。 ◇（ ）3. 答案：B → water本句是动词"浇水"的意思（We should water the plants），属于名词转动词的转化法。 ▷ 提升题 ▷（ ）1. 答案：A → plastic-free = without plastic（无塑料的），由名词plastic + free合成。属于合成法。 ▷（ ）2. 答案：A → un-前缀加在happy前构成unhappy（不开心）。dislike中dis-也是前缀但意思不符语境。 ▷（ ）3. 答案：A → hard-working是复合形容词（副词+现在分词），由合成法构成。development是后缀派生。 ★ 拓展题 ★（ ）1. 答案：A → pollute是动词，加后缀-tion构成名词pollution（污染）。-tion是名词后缀。 ★（ ）2. 答案：A → hand由名词"手"转化为动词"递给"（He handed me the book），词形不变词性改变。 ★（ ）3. 答案：B → peaceful是形容词（peace + -ful），修饰名词world。peace-loving是复合形容词。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $