Unit 4 Section A (4a-4c) 学案 2026-2027学年英语人教版九年级上册

该初中英语学案聚焦宾语从句的连接词与语序核心知识点，同时涵盖too...to...结构和on one's way home/to...结构。通过课前词汇、短语及重点句预习搭建基础，课堂探究结合语法精讲、课本练习分析与故事填空，形成从预习到应用的完整学习支架。 资料特色在于融合语言能力、思维品质与学习能力培养。通过自主梳理语法规则提升学习能力，借助故事逻辑分析培养思维品质，分层习题与即时练习巩固语言运用，助力学生掌握宾语从句用法，有效提升语法迁移能力和课堂学习效率。

Unit 4 Our Memory —— Section A (4a-4c) 学案 —— Grammar Focus：宾语从句的连接词与语序 人教版九年级上册 2026-2027学年 姓名 班级 目录 Contents 一、学习目标 Learning Objectives 二、课前预习 Pre-class Preview 1. 词汇预习 Word Preview 2. 短语预习 Phrase Preview 3. 重点句预习 Key Sentences Preview 三、课堂探究 Class Exploration 1. 语法知识精讲 Grammar Focus 2. 课本 4a — 圈出连接词，分析宾语从句结构 3. 课本 4b — 合并句子练习 4. 课本 4c — 用方框中的词完成故事 5. 语言点突破 1 — too...to... 结构 6. 语言点突破 2 — on one's way home / to... 结构 四、课堂检测 In-class Test 五、课后作业 Homework 一、学习目标 Learning Objectives 1. 语言能力：掌握本课7个新词（opera, picnic, pardon, gunshot, grown-up, recall, grapevine）和短语 shout out；能正确识别并运用宾语从句的连接词（that, what, which, when, where, why, how）；能准确运用宾语从句的陈述语序。 2. 语法能力：理解宾语从句的概念，掌握宾语从句连接词的三种分类（that引导陈述句、what/which作主语或宾语、when/where/why/how作状语）；掌握特殊疑问句变为宾语从句的三个步骤（疑问词变连接词、疑问语序变陈述语序、时态与主句一致）。 3. 思维品质：通过狐狸与葡萄藤的故事，培养观察、归纳和逻辑推理能力；能自主分析宾语从句的结构，归纳连接词的用法规律。 4. 学习能力：能借助语法归纳表自主梳理宾语从句的连接词与语序规则；能独立完成句子合并与语篇填空，提升语法迁移运用能力。 二、课前预习 Pre-class Preview 1. 词汇预习 Word Preview 预习本课7个重点新词，根据音标和释义朗读并记忆。 单词 Word 音标 Phonetic 词性 Pos 中文释义 Meaning opera /ˈɒprə/ n. 歌剧；歌剧团 picnic /ˈpɪknɪk/ n. 野餐 pardon /ˈpɑːdn/ v. / interj. 原谅；请再说一遍；抱歉 gunshot /ˈɡʌnʃɒt/ n. 枪声；(射出的)炮弹 grown-up /ˌɡrəʊn ˈʌp/ adj. 成年的 recall /rɪˈkɔːl/ v. 回忆起；回想起 grapevine /ˈɡreɪpvaɪn/ n. 葡萄藤；葡萄树 【小练习】根据句意和首字母提示，用上述新词的适当形式填空。 1. We plan to have a p______ in the park this weekend. 2. The g______ frightened the birds and they flew away quickly. 3. I can't r______ where I put my keys. Can you help me? 4. P______ me, could you say that again? I didn't catch it. 5. The g______ is full of sweet grapes in autumn. 2. 短语预习 Phrase Preview 短语 Phrase 中文释义 例句 Example shout out 大声喊出；大声说出 She shouted out to warn her baby of danger. 她大声喊出声来警告她的孩子有危险。 3. 重点句预习 Key Sentences Preview 朗读下列重点句型，注意宾语从句的连接词和语序。 ① He wondered what happened to his mother, but he was too afraid to look back. 他想知道他的妈妈发生了什么事，但他太害怕了而不敢回头看。 ② When Mother Fox was on her way home with grapes in her mouth, she shouted out to warn her baby of danger. 当狐狸妈妈嘴里含着葡萄在回家的路上时，她大声喊出声来警告她的孩子有危险。 三、课堂探究 Class Exploration 1. 语法知识精讲 Grammar Focus 宾语从句（Object Clauses）是在复合句中充当宾语的从句，通常跟在及物动词（如 know, think, wonder, tell, understand, remember 等）或介词之后。本课重点学习宾语从句的连接词和语序两大核心内容。 （1）宾语从句的连接词分类 连接词 适用原句类型 在从句中的作用 例句 that 陈述句 仅起连接作用，不充当成分，可省略 I think (that) he is right. what / which 特殊疑问句 在从句中作主语或宾语 I don't know what she wants. when / where / why / how 特殊疑问句 在从句中作状语 Tell me why he left. （2）宾语从句的语序 核心规则：宾语从句始终使用陈述句语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即「连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他」。 错误：I don't know where is he.（疑问语序） 正确：I don't know where he is.（陈述语序） （3）特殊疑问句变宾语从句的三个步骤 步骤 操作 示例 第一步 疑问词变为连接词 （what/who/when/where/why/how 等保留） Where did she go? → ... where ... 第二步 疑问语序变为陈述语序 （去掉助动词 did/does/do，动词恢复时态形式） Where did she go? → ... where she went ... 第三步 时态与主句保持一致 （主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态） I don't know where she went. 2. 课本 4a — 圈出连接词，分析宾语从句结构 4a. Read the sentences. Circle the connecting words and notice the word order in the object clauses. 请圈出下列各句中宾语从句的连接词，并注意宾语从句的语序。 1. I don't understand what she's going through. 2. I can't remember what things you asked me to buy. 3. Study how they are different from each other. 4. Could you tell me why it is easy to forget a word? 参考答案与解析 1. 连接词：what 【解析】主句为 I don't understand，其后 what she's going through 是宾语从句。what 在从句中作介词 through 的宾语（going through what），从句使用陈述语序「what + 主语(she) + 谓语('s going through)」。疑问词 what 直接充当从句成分，不需要调整语序。 2. 连接词：what 【解析】主句为 I can't remember，其后 what things you asked me to buy 是宾语从句。what 在从句中作 things 的定语（what things = 什么东西），从句使用陈述语序「what things + 主语(you) + 谓语(asked) + 宾语(me) + 宾补(to buy)」。what 修饰名词 things，整体作 asked 的直接宾语。 3. 连接词：how 【解析】此句为祈使句，主句动词为 Study，其后 how they are different from each other 是宾语从句。how 在从句中作方式状语，修饰 are different，从句使用陈述语序「how + 主语(they) + 系动词(are) + 表语(different) + 介词短语(from each other)」。how 不充当主语或宾语，仅起连接和状语作用。 4. 连接词：why 【解析】主句为 Could you tell me，其后 why it is easy to forget a word 是宾语从句。why 在从句中作原因状语，从句使用陈述语序「why + 主语(it) + 系动词(is) + 表语(easy) + 真正主语(to forget a word)」。it 是形式主语，to forget a word 是真正主语，why 询问原因。 3. 课本 4b — 合并句子练习 4b. Combine two sentences into one using object clauses. 请将下列每组两个句子合并为一个含有宾语从句的复合句。 1. She cannot remember. Where did she put the opera ticket? 2. Bob does not know. Who took his wallet? 3. When is the next test? Can you tell me? 4. I do not understand. Why didn't you invite him to the picnic? 5. Pardon me, where can I get a bus to the airport? Could you please show me? 参考答案与解析 1. She cannot remember where she put the opera ticket. 【解析】原疑问句 Where did she put the opera ticket? 变为宾语从句时：①疑问词 where 变为连接词；②疑问语序变为陈述语序，去掉助动词 did，动词 put 保持过去式不变（put 的过去式仍是 put）；③时态与主句一致，主句 cannot remember 为现在时，从句保持过去时 put。最终结构：where + 主语(she) + 谓语(put) + 宾语(the opera ticket)。 2. Bob does not know who took his wallet. 【解析】原疑问句 Who took his wallet? 变为宾语从句时：①疑问词 who 变为连接词；②who 在从句中作主语，语序本身就是「主语 + 谓语」结构，无需调整语序；③时态与主句一致。最终结构：who + 谓语(took) + 宾语(his wallet)。注意：当疑问词在原句中作主语时，变为宾语从句后语序不变。 3. Can you tell me when the next test is? 【解析】原疑问句 When is the next test? 变为宾语从句时：①疑问词 when 变为连接词；②疑问语序「when + is + the next test」变为陈述语序「when + the next test + is」，be 动词 is 移到主语之后；③主句 Can you tell me 为现在时，从句保持现在时。最终结构：when + 主语(the next test) + 系动词(is)。 4. I do not understand why you didn't invite him to the picnic. 【解析】原疑问句 Why didn't you invite him to the picnic? 变为宾语从句时：①疑问词 why 变为连接词；②疑问语序「why + didn't + you + invite」变为陈述语序「why + you + didn't + invite」，即把助动词 didn't 移到主语 you 之后；③时态与主句一致，主句为现在时，从句保持过去时 didn't invite。最终结构：why + 主语(you) + 谓语(didn't invite) + 宾语(him) + 状语(to the picnic)。 5. Pardon me, could you please show me where I can get a bus to the airport? 【解析】原疑问句 where can I get a bus to the airport? 变为宾语从句时：①疑问词 where 变为连接词；②疑问语序「where + can + I + get」变为陈述语序「where + I + can + get」，情态动词 can 移到主语 I 之后；③时态与主句一致。最终结构：where + 主语(I) + 情态动词(can) + 谓语(get) + 宾语(a bus) + 状语(to the airport)。Pardon me 保留在句首，主句为 could you please show me。 4. 课本 4c — 用方框中的词完成故事 4c. Complete the story with the words in the box. Some may be used more than once. Word Bank: where what why that 阅读狐狸与葡萄藤的故事，用方框中的连接词填空（部分词可重复使用）。 One morning, Mother Fox told Baby Fox (1)______ she was going to pick some grapes for him. Then she ran out, and he waited. After a long time, Baby Fox heard a familiar cry nearby: "Danger! Run!" It was his mother! He also heard gunshots! Poor, scared Baby Fox quickly ran away. He wondered (2)______ happened to his mother, but he was too afraid to look back. Many years later, the grown-up fox returned home. He felt sad when he recalled (3)______ happened. Then he saw a grapevine nearby. "That's strange," said Fox. "I wonder (4)______ it grows here." He tasted a grape, "So sweet!" It reminded him of his mother. Suddenly, tears filled his eyes. He realized (5)______ the grapevine came from. When Mother Fox was on her way home with grapes in her mouth, she shouted out to warn her baby of danger. This was (6)______ she dropped the grapes. 参考答案与解析 答案：(1) that (2) what (3) what (4) why (5) where (6) why 【解析】(1) that —— Mother Fox told Baby Fox that she was going to pick some grapes for him. 原句 she was going to pick some grapes for him 是陈述句，变为宾语从句时用 that 引导。that 仅起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，口语中可省略。 【解析】(2) what —— He wondered what happened to his mother. what 在从句中作主语（what happened = 什么事发生了），表示「什么」。从句为陈述语序「what + 谓语(happened) + 状语(to his mother)」。 【解析】(3) what —— He felt sad when he recalled what happened. what 在从句中作主语，表示「发生的事情」。与第(2)空同理，what happened 在此处意为「所发生的事」，连接词 what 充当从句主语。 【解析】(4) why —— I wonder why it grows here. why 在从句中作原因状语，表示「为什么」。狐狸感到奇怪，想知道葡萄藤为什么会长在这里。从句为陈述语序「why + 主语(it) + 谓语(grows) + 状语(here)」。 【解析】(5) where —— He realized where the grapevine came from. where 在从句中作地点状语，表示「从哪里」。狐狸意识到葡萄藤的来源——它来自妈妈曾经含在嘴里的葡萄。从句为陈述语序「where + 主语(the grapevine) + 谓语(came from)」。 【解析】(6) why —— This was why she dropped the grapes. why 引导表语从句（此处 was 后接的从句作表语），在从句中作原因状语，表示「……的原因」。全句意为「这就是她掉落葡萄的原因」。why 在此解释了妈妈掉落葡萄的原因——为了大声喊出声来警告孩子。 5. 语言点突破 1 — too...to... 结构 Language Point 1：too...to... 太……而不能…… 结构：too + 形容词/副词 + to + 动词原形 用法：too 为副词，后面跟形容词或副词；to 是动词不定式符号，后面跟动词原形。 意义：该短语形式上肯定，但表达否定意义，相当于 so...that... + 否定句。 例句：He was too afraid to look back. = He was so afraid that he couldn't look back. 他太害怕了而不敢回头看。 【即时练习】 1. The room is ______ small for us ______ live in. A. so; to B. too; to C. too; that D. such; to 2. After the earthquake, doctors and nurses were ______ busy ______ take enough rest. (用 too 和 to 填空) 参考答案与解析 1. B (too; to) 【解析】句意为「这个房间对我们来说太小了而住不下」。too...to... 表示「太……而不能……」，too 后接形容词 small，to 后接动词原形 live。A 选项 so...to... 搭配不当（so 应与 that 连用）；C 选项 too...that... 结构错误；D 选项 such 修饰名词，不修饰形容词。故选 B。 2. too; to 【解析】句意为「地震发生后，医生和护士们太忙了而不能好好休息」。too...to... 结构表示「太……而不能……」，too 后接形容词 busy，to 后接动词原形 take。be too busy to take enough rest = be so busy that they couldn't take enough rest。 6. 语言点突破 2 — on one's way home / to... 结构 Language Point 2：on one's way home / to... 在某人回家/去……的路上 结构 1：on one's way home —— home 是副词，前面不加 to 结构 2：on one's way to + 地点名词 —— to 后接表示地点的名词 注意：当后面接副词（home, here, there, abroad 等）时不加 to； 当后面接名词（school, work, the park 等）时必须加 to。 例句：When Mother Fox was on her way home with grapes in her mouth... 当狐狸妈妈嘴里含着葡萄在回家的路上时…… He always buys breakfast on his way to work. 他总是在上班的路上买早餐。 【即时练习】 1. He always buys breakfast ______ his way ______ work. A. in; to B. on; / C. on; to D. at; of 2. They usually play basketball on ______ (they) way to school. 参考答案与解析 1. C (on; to) 【解析】句意为「他总是在上班的路上买早餐」。「在……的路上」用 on one's way，排除 A 和 D。work 是表示地点的名词，前面需要加 to，即 on his way to work。B 选项 on; / 缺少 to，只有当后面接副词（如 home, here, there）时才不加 to。故选 C。 2. their 【解析】句意为「他们通常在去学校的路上打篮球」。on one's way to school 中，one's 需要与主语保持一致。主语为 They（他们），所以用复数物主代词 their，即 on their way to school。school 是地点名词，前面加 to。 四、课堂检测 In-class Test 检测本课所学宾语从句连接词与语序、too...to... 及 on one's way 等知识点。 一、单项选择 1. I don't know ______ tomorrow. Can you tell me? A. where will he go B. where he will go C. where he goes D. where does he go 2. The box is ______ heavy for the little boy ______ carry. A. too; to B. so; that C. too; that D. such; to 3. — Could you tell me ______ the library opens? — It opens at 9:00 a.m. every day. A. what B. who C. when D. why 二、用括号内所给词的适当形式或适当的连接词填空 4. He always buys some milk on ______ (he) way home. 5. I wonder ______ she was so sad yesterday. (用适当的连接词填空) 6. The teacher told us ______ the earth goes around the sun. (用 that 或 what 填空) 参考答案与解析 1. B 【解析】宾语从句必须使用陈述语序，即「连接词 + 主语 + 谓语」。A 选项 where will he go 和 D 选项 where does he go 均为疑问语序，排除。C 选项 where he goes 时态为一般现在时，而时间状语 tomorrow 表示将来，应使用将来时 will go。B 选项 where he will go 语序正确（陈述语序）且时态正确（将来时），故选 B。 2. A (too; to) 【解析】句意为「这个箱子太重了，小男孩搬不动」。too...to... 表示「太……而不能……」，too 后接形容词 heavy，to 后接动词原形 carry。B 选项 so; that 需要接完整从句（so...that he can't carry it）；C 选项 too; that 搭配错误；D 选项 such 修饰名词而非形容词。故选 A。 3. C (when) 【解析】根据答语 It opens at 9:00 a.m. every day（每天早上9点开门），提问的是时间，因此用连接词 when 引导宾语从句。what 询问事物，who 询问人，why 询问原因，均与答语不符。when 在从句中作时间状语，从句为陈述语序「when + 主语(the library) + 谓语(opens)」。故选 C。 4. his 【解析】句意为「他总是在回家的路上买些牛奶」。on one's way home 表示「在某人回家的路上」，home 是副词，前面不加 to。one's 需要与主语一致，主语为 He，所以用 his，即 on his way home。 5. why 【解析】句意为「我想知道她昨天为什么那么伤心」。从句 she was so sad yesterday 结构完整（主语 + 系动词 + 表语 + 状语），缺少的是原因状语，因此用 why 引导宾语从句。why 在从句中作原因状语，表示「为什么」。从句为陈述语序「why + 主语(she) + 系动词(was) + 表语(so sad) + 状语(yesterday)」。 6. that 【解析】句意为「老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转」。从句 the earth goes around the sun 是陈述句，表达客观真理，用 that 引导宾语从句。that 仅起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，可省略。不能用 what，因为从句结构已完整（主语 the earth + 谓语 goes around + 宾语 the sun），不需要 what 充当成分。注意：表示客观真理时，宾语从句时态不受主句限制，始终用一般现在时。 五、课后作业 Homework 1. 记忆任务 Memorization （1）熟记本课7个新词的拼写、音标、词性和中文释义： opera /ˈɒprə/ n. 歌剧；歌剧团 picnic /ˈpɪknɪk/ n. 野餐 pardon /ˈpɑːdn/ v. / interj. 原谅；请再说一遍；抱歉 gunshot /ˈɡʌnʃɒt/ n. 枪声；(射出的)炮弹 grown-up /ˌɡrəʊn ˈʌp/ adj. 成年的 recall /rɪˈkɔːl/ v. 回忆起；回想起 grapevine /ˈɡreɪpvaɪn/ n. 葡萄藤；葡萄树 （2）熟记短语 shout out（大声喊出）及例句。 （3）熟记重点句型： ① He wondered what happened to his mother, but he was too afraid to look back. ② When Mother Fox was on her way home with grapes in her mouth, she shouted out to warn her baby of danger. 2. 书面练习 Written Exercises （1）将下列每组句子合并为含有宾语从句的复合句。 1. I don't know. Where does she live? 2. Can you tell me? When did the movie start? 3. He asked. What did you buy at the store? （2）用 too...to... 结构翻译下列句子。 4. 这个问题太难了，我回答不了。 5. 她太累了，走不动了。 （3）用 on one's way (to) 的适当形式完成句子。 6. I met an old friend on ______ way ______ school yesterday. 7. She found a wallet on ______ way ______. 参考答案 1. I don't know where she lives. 【解析】where 引导宾语从句，疑问语序 where does she live 变为陈述语序 where she lives，去掉助动词 does，动词变为第三人称单数 lives。 2. Can you tell me when the movie started? 【解析】when 引导宾语从句，疑问语序 when did the movie start 变为陈述语序 when the movie started，去掉助动词 did，动词变为过去式 started。 3. He asked what you bought at the store. 【解析】what 引导宾语从句，疑问语序 what did you buy 变为陈述语序 what you bought，去掉助动词 did，动词变为过去式 bought。what 在从句中作 bought 的宾语。 4. This question is too difficult for me to answer. 【解析】too...to... 结构：too + 形容词(difficult) + to + 动词原形(answer)。「太难了回答不了」= too difficult to answer。注意 answer 后不再接宾语，因为宾语 this question 已出现在句首。 5. She was too tired to walk. 【解析】too...to... 结构：too + 形容词(tired) + to + 动词原形(walk)。「太累了走不动」= too tired to walk。 6. my; to 【解析】on my way to school 表示「在去学校的路上」。主语为 I，用 my；school 是地点名词，前面加 to。 7. her; home 【解析】on her way home 表示「在她回家的路上」。主语为 She，用 her；home 是副词，前面不加 to。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $