Unit 3 课时3 Section A Grammar focus 3a-3d（知识清单）英语新教材人教版七年级上册

该初中英语知识清单聚焦Unit 3 "My School"核心内容，系统梳理There be句型与方位介词知识体系。从学校场景必背词汇积累出发，逐步深入There be句型的肯定、疑问、否定形式及就近原则，结合some/any用法，再到方位介词（in front of/behind等）的辨析与应用，构建从词汇到语法再到场景描述的学习支架。 知识链路以"词汇-语法-应用"逻辑展开，通过挖空设计强化记忆，口诀与对比表格（如in front of和in the front of）培养思维品质，分层即学即练（基础/提高/进阶）及写作练习提升语言能力，易错辨析总表助力精准掌握，有效促进学生主动构建知识框架与实际运用能力。

Unit 3 My School Section A Grammar Focus 3a-3d 知识清单（背诵版） 一、必背词汇表 重点词汇 重点词汇 重点词汇 there adv. 那里；在那儿 there be 存在；有 building n. 建筑物；楼房 hall n. 礼堂；大厅 dining hall 食堂；餐厅 field n. 场地；田地 sports field 运动场 gym n. 体育馆；健身房 office n. 办公室 library n. 图书馆 science n. 科学 lab n. 实验室 重点词汇 重点词汇 重点词汇 in front of 在……前面 behind prep. 在……后面 next to 紧挨着；在……旁边 between prep. 在……之间 across from 在对面 on prep. 在……上面 under prep. 在……下面 in the middle 在中间 at the back (of) 在（……）后面 on the left/right 在左/右边 corner n. 角落；拐角 position n. 位置；方位 重点词汇 重点词汇 重点词汇 whiteboard n. 白板 smart whiteboard 智能白板 locker n. 储物柜 bookcase n. 书柜 drawer n. 抽屉 notice n. 通知；公告 screen n. 屏幕 seat n. 座位 window n. 窗户 wall n. 墙 door n. 门 table n. 桌子；表格 二、必会考点 考点一：There be 句型（核心语法） There be 句型表示「某处有某物/某人」，是本单元最重要的语法点。be动词的形式取决于离它最近的名词（就近原则）。 句型 例句 肯定句（单数） There is a library behind the classroom building. 图书馆在教学楼后面。 肯定句（复数） There are some trees in front of the sports field. 运动场前面有一些树。 一般疑问句 —Is there a whiteboard? —Yes, there is. / No, there isn't. —Are there any lockers? —Yes, there are. / No, there aren't. 特殊疑问句 —Where is the library? —It is behind the classroom building. —Where are the bookcases? —They are next to the window. 1. 就近原则（重点！） There be 句型中，be 动词用 is 还是 are，取决于离 be 最近的名词： 就近名词 be动词 例句 单数名词 is There is a teacher's desk and 40 student desks in the room. 复数名词 are There are 40 student desks and a teacher's desk in the room. 不可数名词 is There is some water in the bottle. 【口诀】 There be 句型表「有」，be 的形式看最近； 单数 is 复数 are，不可数名词也用 is； 疑问 be 要提前，否定 be 后加 not。 2. some 与 any 在 There be 句型中的用法 词 用法 例句 some 肯定句 There are some trees in front of the sports field. any 否定句/疑问句 Are there any lockers in the classroom? There aren't any lockers here. 注意 some 也可用于 表示请求的疑问句 Is there some water?（期待肯定回答） ✏️【即学即练】 ① （基础）There ______ (be) a library behind the classroom building. ② （基础）There ______ (be) some trees in front of the sports field. ③ （提高）There ______ (be) a teacher's desk and 40 student desks in the room. ④ （提高）There ______ (be) 40 student desks and a teacher's desk in the room. ⑤ （进阶）______ there any lockers in the classroom? —No, there ______. ⑥ （进阶）______ there a smart whiteboard next to the blackboard? —Yes, ______. 【答案】① is ② are ③ is（就近单数） ④ are（就近复数） ⑤ Are, aren't ⑥ Is, there is 【解析】① a library单数→is；② some trees复数→are；③就近a teacher's desk(单数)→is；④就近40 student desks(复数)→are；⑤lockers复数→Are,否定aren't；⑥a smart whiteboard单数→Is,肯定there is。 考点二：方位介词（in front of / behind / next to / between / across from） 方位介词用来描述某物相对于另一物的位置，是介绍学校环境时必不可少的表达。 介词/短语 含义 例句 in front of 在……前面 The dining hall is in front of the art building. behind 在……后面 The classroom building is behind the sports field. next to 紧挨着；在……旁边 There's a large sports field next to the school hall. between... and... 在……和……之间 The student centre is between the library and the gym. across from 在对面 The dining hall is across from the sports field. on / under 在……上面/下面 The teacher's desk is under a window. 3. in front of 与 in the front of 的区别（易混！） 短语 含义 例句 in front of 在……前面（外部） There is a tree in front of the classroom. in the front of 在……前部（内部） The teacher's desk is in the front of the classroom. 【口诀】 in front of 在外面，in the front of 在里面； 树在楼前用前者，桌在室内用后者。 ✏️【即学即练】 ① （基础）The dining hall is ______ ______ ______（在……前面）the art building. ② （基础）The classroom building is ______（在……后面）the sports field. ③ （基础）The student centre is ______ the library ______ the gym（在……和……之间）. ④ （提高）The dining hall is ______ ______（在对面）the sports field. ⑤ （提高）There's a smart whiteboard ______ ______（紧挨着）the blackboard. ⑥ （进阶）The teacher stands ______ ______ ______ ______（在……前部）the classroom. 【答案】① in front of ② behind ③ between, and ④ across from ⑤ next to ⑥ in the front of 【解析】①-⑤为基本介词填空；⑥注意教室内部前部用in the front of，不用in front of。 考点三：There be 句型转换 1. 肯定句 → 否定句：在 be 后加 not，some → any 肯定句 否定句 There is a whiteboard in the classroom. There isn't a whiteboard in the classroom. There are some trees in front of the building. There aren't any trees in front of the building. (some→any) 2. 肯定句 → 一般疑问句：将 be 提到 there 前，some → any 肯定句 一般疑问句 回答 There is a gym. Is there a gym? Yes, there is. / No, there isn't. There are some lockers. Are there any lockers? Yes, there are. / No, there aren't. 【注意】 肯定简答不能用缩写！Yes, there is.（√） Yes, there's.（×） 否定简答可以缩写：No, there isn't.（√） No, there's not.（√） 3. There be 的否定形式变化规则 （1）is → isn't / is not There is a whiteboard. → There isn't a whiteboard. （2）are → aren't / are not There are some lockers. → There aren't any lockers. (some→any) （3）缩写形式： There's = There is（肯定句可以缩写） There're = There are（肯定句可以缩写，但口语中较少用） There isn't = There is not（否定句缩写） There aren't = There are not（否定句缩写） 4. 写作练习 请用 There be 句型和方位介词，写3-5句话描述你的教室（30-50词）。 参考范文： This is my classroom. There is a teacher's desk in front of the blackboard. There are 45 student desks in the room. There is a smart whiteboard next to the blackboard. There are some pictures on the wall. There aren't any lockers in our classroom. 三、必背句型总结 句型 例句 There is + 单数名词 + 方位 There is a library behind the classroom building. There are + 复数名词 + 方位 There are some trees in front of the sports field. Is there + 单数名词? Is there a whiteboard in your classroom? Are there + 复数名词? Are there any lockers in the classroom? Where is + 单数名词? Where is the library? —It's behind the classroom building. Where are + 复数名词? Where are the bookcases? —They're next to the window. 四、易错辨析总表 错误表达 正确表达 原因 There has a library. There is a library. there be 不用 have/has There is 40 desks. There are 40 desks. 40 desks 是复数，用 are Is there some lockers? Are there any lockers? 疑问句用 any；lockers 复数用 Are Yes, there's. Yes, there is. 肯定简答不能缩写 in front the room in front of the room 不要漏掉 of ✏️【即学即练】 一、用 is/are 填空： 1. There ______ a school hall next to the library. 2. There ______ many modern buildings in our school. 3. There ______ a smart whiteboard and two blackboards in the classroom. 4. There ______ two blackboards and a smart whiteboard in the classroom. 二、根据汉语提示完成句子： 5. The dining hall is ______ ______ ______（在……对面）the sports field. 6. The student centre is ______ the library ______ the gym（在……和……之间）. 7. There are some trees ______ ______ ______ the building（在……前面）. 三、句型转换： 8. There is a gym in this school.（改为一般疑问句） 9. There are some bookcases in the classroom.（改为否定句） 【答案】1. is 2. are 3. is 4. are 5. across from 6. between, and 7. in front of 8. Is there a gym in this school? 9. There aren't any bookcases in the classroom. 【解析】 1. a school hall单数→is； 2. many modern buildings复数→are； 3.就近a smart whiteboard(单数)→is； 4.就近two blackboards(复数)→are； 5-7为介词短语； 8.is提前； 9.are→aren't, some→any。 1.There be 与 have 的特殊用法对比 在英语中，There be 和 have 都翻译为“有”，但它们在语法和语义上有本质区别： 1. There be 句型强调“存在关系”——某处存在某物/某人 There is a book on the desk. 桌上有一本书。（书存在于桌上） 2. have/has 强调“所属关系”——某人拥有某物 I have a book. 我有一本书。（书属于我） 3. 有时两者可互换，但侧重点不同： Our school has a library. = There is a library in our school. 4. 绝不能混用：There has... / There have... 都是错误表达！ 2.There be 句型的时态 There be 句型可以用于不同时态： 1. 一般现在时：There is / are ...（最常用，本单元重点） There is a library behind the building. 2. 一般过去时：There was / were ... There was a small park here before. 3. 一般将来时：There will be ... / There is going to be ... There will be a new library next year. ✏️【即学即练】 用 There be 或 have/has 填空 1. There ______ a beautiful garden in our school. 2. Our school ______ a large sports field. 3. ______ there any computers in the classroom? 4. I ______ a good friend in this class. 5. There ______ many kinds of books in the library. 答案：1. is 2. has 3. Are 4. have 5. are 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 My School Section A Grammar Focus 3a-3d 知识清单（挖空版） 一、必背词汇表 重点词汇 重点词汇 重点词汇 ______ adv. 那里；在那儿 ______ ______ 存在；有 ______ n. 建筑物；楼房 ______ n. 礼堂；大厅 ______ ______ 食堂；餐厅 ______ n. 场地；田地 ______ 运动场 ______ n. 体育馆；健身房 ______ n. 办公室 ______ n. 图书馆 ______ n. 科学 ______ n. 实验室 重点词汇 重点词汇 重点词汇 ______ ______ ______ 在……前面 ______ prep. 在……后面 ______ ______ 紧挨着；在……旁边 ______ prep. 在……之间 ______ ______ 在对面 ______ prep. 在……上面 ______ prep. 在……下面 ______ ______ ______ 在中间 ______ ______ ______ 在（……）后面 ______ ______ ______ 在左/右边 ______ ______ n. 角落；拐角 ______ n. 位置；方位 重点词汇 重点词汇 重点词汇 ______ n. 白板 ______ ______ 智能白板 ______ n. 储物柜 ______ n. 书柜 ______ n. 抽屉 ______ n. 通知；公告 ______ n. 屏幕 ______ n. 座位 ______ n. 窗户 ______ n. 墙 ______ n. 门 ______ n. 桌子；表格 二、必会考点 考点一：There be 句型（核心语法） There be 句型表示「某处有某物/某人」，是本单元最重要的语法点。be动词的形式取决于离它最近的名词（就近原则）。 句型 例句 肯定句（单数） There ______ a library behind the classroom building. 图书馆在教学楼后面。 肯定句（复数） There ______ some trees in front of the sports field. 运动场前面有一些树。 一般疑问句 —______ there a whiteboard? —Yes, there ______ . / No, there isn't. —______ there any lockers? —Yes, there ______ . / No, there aren't. 特殊疑问句 —Where ______ the library? —It ______ behind the classroom building. —Where ______ the bookcases? —They ______ next to the window. 1. 就近原则（重点！） There be 句型中，be 动词用 is 还是 are，取决于离 be 最近的名词： 就近名词 be动词 例句 单数名词 is There ______ a teacher's desk and 40 student desks in the room. 复数名词 are There ______ 40 student desks and a teacher's desk in the room. 不可数名词 is There ______ some water in the bottle. 【口诀】 There be 句型表「有」，be 的形式看最近； 单数 is 复数 are，不可数名词也用 is； 疑问 be 要提前，否定 be 后加 not。 2. some 与 any 在 There be 句型中的用法 词 用法 例句 some 肯定句 There are ______ trees in front of the sports field. any 否定句/疑问句 Are there ______ lockers in the classroom? There aren't any lockers here. 注意 some 也可用于 表示请求的疑问句 Is there ______ water?（期待肯定回答） ✏️【即学即练】 ① （基础）There ______ (be) a library behind the classroom building. ② （基础）There ______ (be) some trees in front of the sports field. ③ （提高）There ______ (be) a teacher's desk and 40 student desks in the room. ④ （提高）There ______ (be) 40 student desks and a teacher's desk in the room. ⑤ （进阶）______ there any lockers in the classroom? —No, there ______. ⑥ （进阶）______ there a smart whiteboard next to the blackboard? —Yes, ______. 考点二：方位介词（in front of / behind / next to / between / across from） 方位介词用来描述某物相对于另一物的位置，是介绍学校环境时必不可少的表达。 介词/短语 含义 例句 in front of 在……前面 The dining hall is in front of the art building. behind 在……后面 The classroom building is behind the sports field. next to 紧挨着；在……旁边 There's a large sports field next to the school hall. between... and... 在……和……之间 The student centre is between the library and the gym. across from 在对面 The dining hall is across from the sports field. on / under 在……上面/下面 The teacher's desk is under a window. 3. in front of 与 in the front of 的区别（易混！） 短语 含义 例句 in front of 在……前面（外部） There is a tree in front of the classroom. in the front of 在……前部（内部） The teacher's desk is in the front of the classroom. 【口诀】 in front of 在外面，in the front of 在里面； 树在楼前用前者，桌在室内用后者。 ✏️【即学即练】 ① （基础）The dining hall is ______ ______ ______（在……前面）the art building. ② （基础）The classroom building is ______（在……后面）the sports field. ③ （基础）The student centre is ______ the library ______ the gym（在……和……之间）. ④ （提高）The dining hall is ______ ______（在对面）the sports field. ⑤ （提高）There's a smart whiteboard ______ ______（紧挨着）the blackboard. ⑥ （进阶）The teacher stands ______ ______ ______ ______（在……前部）the classroom. 考点三：There be 句型转换 1. 肯定句 → 否定句：在 be 后加 not，some → any 肯定句 否定句 There is a whiteboard in the classroom. There ______ a whiteboard in the classroom. There are some trees in front of the building. There ______ ______ trees in front of the building. (some→any) 2. 肯定句 → 一般疑问句：将 be 提到 there 前，some → any 肯定句 一般疑问句 回答 There is a gym. Is there a gym? Yes, there is. / No, there isn't. There are some lockers. Are there any lockers? Yes, there are. / No, there aren't. 【注意】 肯定简答不能用缩写！Yes, there is.（√） Yes, there's.（×） 否定简答可以缩写：No, there isn't.（√） No, there's not.（√） 3. There be 的否定形式变化规则 （1）is → isn't / is not There is a whiteboard. → There isn't a whiteboard. （2）are → aren't / are not There are some lockers. → There aren't any lockers. (some→any) （3）缩写形式： There's = There is（肯定句可以缩写） There're = There are（肯定句可以缩写，但口语中较少用） There isn't = There is not（否定句缩写） There aren't = There are not（否定句缩写） 4. 写作练习 请用 There be 句型和方位介词，写3-5句话描述你的教室（30-50词）。 三、必背句型总结 句型 例句 There is + 单数名词 + 方位 There ______ a library behind the classroom building. There are + 复数名词 + 方位 There ______ some trees in front of the sports field. Is there + 单数名词? ______ there a whiteboard in your classroom? Are there + 复数名词? ______ there any lockers in the classroom? Where is + 单数名词? Where is the library? —______ behind the classroom building. Where are + 复数名词? Where are the bookcases? —______ next to the window. 四、易错辨析总表 错误表达 正确表达 原因 There has a library. There is a library. there be 不用 have/has There is 40 desks. There are 40 desks. 40 desks 是复数，用 are Is there some lockers? Are there any lockers? 疑问句用 any；lockers 复数用 Are Yes, there's. Yes, there is. 肯定简答不能缩写 in front the room in front of the room 不要漏掉 of ✏️【即学即练】 一、用 is/are 填空： 1. There ______ a school hall next to the library. 2. There ______ many modern buildings in our school. 3. There ______ a smart whiteboard and two blackboards in the classroom. 4. There ______ two blackboards and a smart whiteboard in the classroom. 二、根据汉语提示完成句子： 5. The dining hall is ______ ______ ______（在……对面）the sports field. 6. The student centre is ______ the library ______ the gym（在……和……之间）. 7. There are some trees ______ ______ ______ the building（在……前面）. 三、句型转换： 8. There is a gym in this school.（改为一般疑问句） 9. There are some bookcases in the classroom.（改为否定句） 1.There be 与 have 的特殊用法对比 在英语中，There be 和 have 都翻译为“有”，但它们在语法和语义上有本质区别： 1. There be 句型强调“存在关系”——某处存在某物/某人 There is a book on the desk. 桌上有一本书。（书存在于桌上） 2. have/has 强调“所属关系”——某人拥有某物 I have a book. 我有一本书。（书属于我） 3. 有时两者可互换，但侧重点不同： Our school has a library. = There is a library in our school. 4. 绝不能混用：There has... / There have... 都是错误表达！ 2.There be 句型的时态 There be 句型可以用于不同时态： 1. 一般现在时：There is / are ...（最常用，本单元重点） There is a library behind the building. 2. 一般过去时：There was / were ... There was a small park here before. 3. 一般将来时：There will be ... / There is going to be ... There will be a new library next year. ✏️【即学即练】 用 There be 或 have/has 填空 1. There ______ a beautiful garden in our school. 2. Our school ______ a large sports field. 3. ______ there any computers in the classroom? 4. I ______ a good friend in this class. 5. There ______ many kinds of books in the library. 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $