Unit 3 课时2 Section A 2a-2e（知识清单）英语新教材人教版七年级上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了Unit 3 My School Section A（2a-2e）的核心内容。从必背词汇（含raise/rise、put up等易混词辨析）入手，过渡到What's ... like?询问特征句型，再到There be句型（含肯定否定、就近原则等）及与have/has的对比，构建学校场景描述的完整学习支架。 知识链路按“词汇基础-句型功能-语法应用”逻辑清晰呈现，特色在于挖空设计强化记忆、口诀助记易混点、对比表格明晰辨析，配套即学即练巩固应用。通过结构化梳理与情境化练习，提升学生语言能力（词汇语法运用）、思维品质（对比分析）和学习能力（方法掌握），助力高效教学。

Unit 3 My School Section A (2a-2e) 核心知识梳理（挖空版） 一、必背词汇 【词汇表】 1. 举起；使升高（动词）：______ 2. 上升；升起（动词）：______ 3. 张贴；搭建（短语）：______ ______ 4. 储物柜（名词）：______ 5. 抽屉（名词）：______ 6. 书架；书柜（名词）：______ 7. 屏幕；银幕（名词）：______ 8. 现代的（形容词）：______ 9. 令人惊奇的（形容词）：______ 10. 改变；变化（动词/名词）：______ 11. 座位（名词）：______ 12. 另一个（代词/形容词）：______ 13. 角；墙角（名词）：______ 14. 体育馆（名词）：______ 15. 通知；注意（名词）：______ 【记忆口诀】 Raise举起rise自升，及物不及要分清； Put up张贴put on穿，locker储物drawer抽； Another另一个（泛指），the other两者中（特指）！ 【词汇详解】 ■ put up / put on / put off 辨析 短语 含义 例句 put up 张贴；搭建；举起 Put up the picture on the wall.（把画贴在墙上） put on 穿上；戴上 Put on your coat. It's cold.（穿上外套，天冷） put off 推迟；拖延 Don't put off your homework.（不要拖延作业） 例句：They put up some beautiful pictures on the wall.（他们在墙上张贴了一些美丽的图片。） 搭配拓展：put up a notice 张贴通知 put up a tent 搭帐篷 put up one's hand 举手 ■ raise / rise 辨析（易混！） 动词 含义 及物性 例句 raise 举起；使升高 及物动词（后接宾语） Every Monday we raise the flag there.（每周一我们在那里升旗。） rise 上升；升起 不及物动词（无宾语） The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起。） 记忆：raise 是人主语把某物举起 → raise the flag/hand/voice；rise 是自身上升 → The sun/moon rises.。 ■ another / other / the other 辨析 词 含义 用法 例句 another 另一个（三者或以上） 泛指另一个 I need another book.（我需要另一本书。） other 其他的 作形容词，修饰名词 Do you have other questions?（你还有其他问题吗？） the other 另一个（两者中） 特指两者中的另一个 I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue. 二、必会考点 考点一：What's ... like? 询问特征 What's your new classroom like? — 你的新教室什么样？ 1. 句型结构 What's + 事物 + like? 询问事物的特征、外观、状况 回答用形容词：It's large and clean. / It's beautiful. 2. 教材原句 Mrs Brown: What's your new classroom like, Peter? Peter: It's large. There are 40 student desks in the room. Mrs Brown: Are there any lockers in the classroom? Peter: No, there aren't. We put our things in the desk drawers. 注意：What's ... like? 询问事物的特征、外观、状况，不是问“喜不喜欢”。like 在这里是介词（像），不是动词（喜欢）。 3. What's ... like? 与 How is ...? 的区别 句型 侧重 例句 What's ... like? 询问特征、外观 What's your classroom like? — It's large. How is ...? 询问状况、感觉 How is your classroom? — It's nice/clean. ✏️ 【即学即练】 ① 1. —______ your new classroom ______ ? —It's large and clean. 2. —What's your school ______ ? —It's beautiful. 3. 用 like 的正确词性填空：What is your teacher ______ ? She is kind.（介词） 4. —What's the dining hall______ ? —It's big and clean. 考点二：There be 句型（深入运用） 1. 肯定句、否定句、疑问句完整形式 句式 单数 复数 肯定句 There ______ a teacher's desk in front of the blackboard. There ______ 40 student desks in the room. 否定句 There ______ a locker in the classroom. There ______ any lockers in the classroom. 一般疑问句 ______ there a smart whiteboard? — Yes, there ______ . ______ there ______ lockers? — No, there aren't. 2. 就近原则详解 There be 句型中，be 动词由最近的名词决定： ① ______ ______ a teacher's desk and 40 student desks in the room. ② ______ ______ 40 student desks and a teacher's desk in the room. 两句意思相同，但 be 动词不同，取决于最近的名词是单数还是复数。 3. some 与 any 在 There be 中的用法 句式 用 some / any 例句 肯定句 some There are ______ pictures on the wall. 否定句 any There aren't ______ lockers in the classroom. 一般疑问句 any Are there ______ lockers in the classroom? 【口诀】肯定用some，否定疑问用any。 4. There be 时态变化 时态 结构 例句 一般现在时 There is/are + ... There ______ a garden in the school. 一般过去时 There was/were + ... There ______ a small library before. 一般将来时 There will be + ... There ______ ______ a new building next year. ✏️ 【即学即练】 1. There ______ (be) a smart whiteboard next to the blackboard. 2. There ______ (be) 40 student desks in the room. 3. There ______ (be not) a locker in the classroom. 4. ______ there any pictures on the wall? —Yes, there ______. 5. There ______ (be) a teacher's desk and 40 student desks in the room. 6. There ______ (be) 40 student desks and a teacher's desk in the room. 7. There are ______ (some/any) pictures on the wall.（肯定句） 考点三：There be 与 have/has 深度对比 对比项 There be have/has 含义 某地存在某物 某人/某物拥有某物 主语 某物（在be之后） 某人/某物（在have之前） 侧重点 客观存在 主观拥有 例句 There are 40 desks in the room. The room has 40 desks. 否定 There aren't 40 desks. The room doesn't have 40 desks. 疑问 Are there 40 desks? Does the room have 40 desks? 经验：描述“某地有什么”优先用 There be；描述“谁拥有什么”用 have/has。二者不能混用，不能说 There has... 或 There have...。 考点四：位置描述短语 短语 含义 例句 at the back (of) 在……后部 There is a bookcase at the back of the classroom. in the middle of 在……中间 There is a big desk in the middle of the room. in the corner of 在……角落 There is a bookcase in the corner of the room. next to 在……旁边 There is a smart whiteboard next to the blackboard. ✏️【即学即练】 描述自己教室的范例： ✏️ 【即学即练】 根据提示，完成下列句子： 1. Peter's classroom is ______. (大的) 2. There ______ 40 student desks in Peter's classroom. (be) 3. There is a smart whiteboard ______ the blackboard.（在旁边） 4. There ______ lockers in Peter's classroom.（some） 5. Students put important notices on the blackboard ____________the classroom.（在后面） 三、必背句型总结 功能 句型 回答/举例 询问特征 What's your classroom like? It's large and clean. 描述教室 There are 40 student desks in the room. — 描述有无 There is a smart whiteboard next to... — 描述没有 There aren't any lockers in the classroom. — 询问有无 Are there any lockers? Yes, there are. / No, there aren't. 描述位置 We put our things in the desk drawers. — 描述动作 Every week, we change seats. — 对比描述 There are two blackboards in Peter's classroom and our classroom. — 四、易错必背 1. What's ... like? 误用为 Do you like ...? 错误 ✘ 正确 ✔ 原因分析 ✘ Do you like your new classroom?（问喜好，不是问特征） ✔ What's your new classroom like?（问特征/外观） What's ... like? 问「什么样」；Do you like? 问「喜不喜欢」 2. some 与 any 混用 错误 ✘ 正确 ✔ 原因分析 ✘ There are any pictures on the wall.（肯定句用 any） ✔ There are some pictures on the wall.（肯定句用 some） 肯定句用 some ✘ Are there some lockers?（疑问句用 some） ✔ Are there any lockers?（疑问句用 any） 否定句和疑问句用 any 3. raise 与 rise 混淆 错误 ✘ 正确 ✔ 原因分析 ✘ The sun raises in the east.（rise 是不及物动词） ✔ The sun rises in the east. sun 自身升起 → rise（不及物） ✘ We rise the flag every Monday.（raise 是及物动词） ✔ We raise the flag every Monday. 人把旗升起 → raise（及物） 4. another 与 the other 混用 错误 ✘ 正确 ✔ 原因分析 ✘ I have two pens. One is red, another is blue.（两者中另一个用 the other） ✔ I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue. 两者中的另一个 → the other；三者及以上中的另一个 → another 【总口诀】 What's ... like? 问特征，like 是介词不是动词； 肯定some，否定疑问any； raise 及物举，rise 不及物升； another 泛指另一个，the other 两者中特指！ 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 My School Section A (2a-2e) 核心知识梳理（背诵版） 一、必背词汇 【词汇表】 1. 举起；使升高（动词）：raise 2. 上升；升起（动词）：rise 3. 张贴；搭建（短语）：put up 4. 储物柜（名词）：locker 5. 抽屉（名词）：drawer 6. 书架；书柜（名词）：bookcase 7. 屏幕；银幕（名词）：screen 8. 现代的（形容词）：modern 9. 令人惊奇的（形容词）：amazing 10. 改变；变化（动词/名词）：change 11. 座位（名词）：seat 12. 另一个（代词/形容词）：another 13. 角；墙角（名词）：corner 14. 体育馆（名词）：gym 15. 通知；注意（名词）：notice 【记忆口诀】 Raise举起rise自升，及物不及要分清； Put up张贴put on穿，locker储物drawer抽； Another另一个（泛指），the other两者中（特指）！ 【词汇详解】 ■ put up / put on / put off 辨析 短语 含义 例句 put up 张贴；搭建；举起 Put up the picture on the wall.（把画贴在墙上） put on 穿上；戴上 Put on your coat. It's cold.（穿上外套，天冷） put off 推迟；拖延 Don't put off your homework.（不要拖延作业） 例句：They put up some beautiful pictures on the wall.（他们在墙上张贴了一些美丽的图片。） 搭配拓展：put up a notice 张贴通知 put up a tent 搭帐篷 put up one's hand 举手 ■ raise / rise 辨析（易混！） 动词 含义 及物性 例句 raise 举起；使升高 及物动词（后接宾语） Every Monday we raise the flag there.（每周一我们在那里升旗。） rise 上升；升起 不及物动词（无宾语） The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起。） 记忆：raise 是人主语把某物举起 → raise the flag/hand/voice；rise 是自身上升 → The sun/moon rises.。 ■ another / other / the other 辨析 词 含义 用法 例句 another 另一个（三者或以上） 泛指另一个 I need another book.（我需要另一本书。） other 其他的 作形容词，修饰名词 Do you have other questions?（你还有其他问题吗？） the other 另一个（两者中） 特指两者中的另一个 I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue. 二、必会考点 考点一：What's ... like? 询问特征 What's your new classroom like? — 你的新教室什么样？ 1. 句型结构 What's + 事物 + like? 询问事物的特征、外观、状况 回答用形容词：It's large and clean. / It's beautiful. 2. 教材原句 Mrs Brown: What's your new classroom like, Peter? Peter: It's large. There are 40 student desks in the room. Mrs Brown: Are there any lockers in the classroom? Peter: No, there aren't. We put our things in the desk drawers. 注意：What's ... like? 询问事物的特征、外观、状况，不是问“喜不喜欢”。like 在这里是介词（像），不是动词（喜欢）。 3. What's ... like? 与 How is ...? 的区别 句型 侧重 例句 What's ... like? 询问特征、外观 What's your classroom like? — It's large. How is ...? 询问状况、感觉 How is your classroom? — It's nice/clean. ✏️ 【即学即练】 ① 1. —______ your new classroom ______ ? —It's large and clean. 2. —What's your school ______ ? —It's beautiful. 3. 用 like 的正确词性填空：What is your teacher ______ ? She is kind.（介词） 4. —What's the dining hall______ ? —It's big and clean. 【参考答案】 1. What's; like 2. like 3. like（介词） 4. like 考点二：There be 句型（深入运用） 1. 肯定句、否定句、疑问句完整形式 句式 单数 复数 肯定句 There is a teacher's desk in front of the blackboard. There are 40 student desks in the room. 否定句 There isn't a locker in the classroom. There aren't any lockers in the classroom. 一般疑问句 Is there a smart whiteboard? — Yes, there is. Are there any lockers? — No, there aren't. 2. 就近原则详解 There be 句型中，be 动词由最近的名词决定： ① There is a teacher's desk and 40 student desks in the room. ② There are 40 student desks and a teacher's desk in the room. 两句意思相同，但 be 动词不同，取决于最近的名词是单数还是复数。 3. some 与 any 在 There be 中的用法 句式 用 some / any 例句 肯定句 some There are some pictures on the wall. 否定句 any There aren't any lockers in the classroom. 一般疑问句 any Are there any lockers in the classroom? 【口诀】肯定用some，否定疑问用any。 4. There be 时态变化 时态 结构 例句 一般现在时 There is/are + ... There is a garden in the school. 一般过去时 There was/were + ... There was a small library before. 一般将来时 There will be + ... There will be a new building next year. ✏️ 【即学即练】 1. There ______ (be) a smart whiteboard next to the blackboard. 2. There ______ (be) 40 student desks in the room. 3. There ______ (be not) a locker in the classroom. 4. ______ there any pictures on the wall? —Yes, there ______. 5. There ______ (be) a teacher's desk and 40 student desks in the room. 6. There ______ (be) 40 student desks and a teacher's desk in the room. 7. There are ______ (some/any) pictures on the wall.（肯定句） 【参考答案】 1. is 2. are 3. isn't 4. Are; are 5. is 6. are 7. some 考点三：There be 与 have/has 深度对比 对比项 There be have/has 含义 某地存在某物 某人/某物拥有某物 主语 某物（在be之后） 某人/某物（在have之前） 侧重点 客观存在 主观拥有 例句 There are 40 desks in the room. The room has 40 desks. 否定 There aren't 40 desks. The room doesn't have 40 desks. 疑问 Are there 40 desks? Does the room have 40 desks? 经验：描述“某地有什么”优先用 There be；描述“谁拥有什么”用 have/has。二者不能混用，不能说 There has... 或 There have...。 考点四：位置描述短语 短语 含义 例句 at the back (of) 在……后部 There is a bookcase at the back of the classroom. in the middle of 在……中间 There is a big desk in the middle of the room. in the corner of 在……角落 There is a bookcase in the corner of the room. next to 在……旁边 There is a smart whiteboard next to the blackboard. ✏️【即学即练】 描述自己教室的范例： 【描述范例】 There are 45 student desks in my classroom. There is a teacher's desk in front of the blackboard. There is a smart whiteboard next to the blackboard. There are some pictures on the wall. There aren't any lockers in our classroom. We put our things in the desk drawers. There is a bookcase in the corner of the room. ✏️ 【即学即练】 根据提示，完成下列句子： 1. Peter's classroom is ______. (大的) 2. There ______ 40 student desks in Peter's classroom. (be) 3. There is a smart whiteboard ______ the blackboard.（在旁边） 4. There ______ lockers in Peter's classroom.（some） 5. Students put important notices on the blackboard ____________the classroom.（在后面） 【参考答案】 1. large 2. are 3. next to 4. aren't any 5. at the back of 三、必背句型总结 功能 句型 回答/举例 询问特征 What's your classroom like? It's large and clean. 描述教室 There are 40 student desks in the room. — 描述有无 There is a smart whiteboard next to... — 描述没有 There aren't any lockers in the classroom. — 询问有无 Are there any lockers? Yes, there are. / No, there aren't. 描述位置 We put our things in the desk drawers. — 描述动作 Every week, we change seats. — 对比描述 There are two blackboards in Peter's classroom and our classroom. — 四、易错必背 1. What's ... like? 误用为 Do you like ...? 错误 ✘ 正确 ✔ 原因分析 ✘ Do you like your new classroom?（问喜好，不是问特征） ✔ What's your new classroom like?（问特征/外观） What's ... like? 问「什么样」；Do you like? 问「喜不喜欢」 2. some 与 any 混用 错误 ✘ 正确 ✔ 原因分析 ✘ There are any pictures on the wall.（肯定句用 any） ✔ There are some pictures on the wall.（肯定句用 some） 肯定句用 some ✘ Are there some lockers?（疑问句用 some） ✔ Are there any lockers?（疑问句用 any） 否定句和疑问句用 any 3. raise 与 rise 混淆 错误 ✘ 正确 ✔ 原因分析 ✘ The sun raises in the east.（rise 是不及物动词） ✔ The sun rises in the east. sun 自身升起 → rise（不及物） ✘ We rise the flag every Monday.（raise 是及物动词） ✔ We raise the flag every Monday. 人把旗升起 → raise（及物） 4. another 与 the other 混用 错误 ✘ 正确 ✔ 原因分析 ✘ I have two pens. One is red, another is blue.（两者中另一个用 the other） ✔ I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue. 两者中的另一个 → the other；三者及以上中的另一个 → another 【总口诀】 What's ... like? 问特征，like 是介词不是动词； 肯定some，否定疑问any； raise 及物举，rise 不及物升； another 泛指另一个，the other 两者中特指！ 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $