Unit 4 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第二册学习笔记（外研版·新教材）

**基本信息** 以《哈姆雷特》京剧改编为文化载体，融合阅读、词汇、语法与写作，构建“输入-内化-输出”完整训练链，系统性提升语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|4题（主旨/细节/词义题）|篇章结构分析法+选项定位技巧|以文体识别为起点，逐层深入细节理解与情感推断| |词汇语法|5词块+2句型（date back to/so...that...）|词块语境记忆+句型结构拆分|从词到句，通过教材原句迁移应用，强化语法逻辑| |主题写作|1篇微写作（介绍京剧）|“so...that...”“not until”等句型融合|结合文化主题，将语言知识转化为表达能力| |语篇训练|2阅读+1完形|细节定位+逻辑推理|选取跨文化素材，训练信息提取与综合思维|

Period 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas 1．What’s the type of the passage? A．A novel. B．A personal story. C．A report. D．A poem. 答案　B 2．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To prove that Peking Opera is a better way to perform Hamlet. B．To inform the readers how to perform Hamlet through Peking Opera. C．To share the unique experience of seeing a Peking Opera version of Hamlet. D．To make a comparison between Eastern and Western cultures. 答案　C 3．What can we learn from paragraph 3? A．The history of Peking Opera. B．The author’s new understanding of Peking Opera. C．The charm of Peking Opera performances. D．The different details of the Peking Opera performance. 答案　D 4．What does the sentence “I was on the edge of my seat” mean in paragraph 5? A．The author wanted to leave. B．The author loved the performance. C．The author was sick of the performance. D．The author fell off his seat. 答案　B When Hamlet Meets Peking Opera [1]I thought I knew a lot about1 Hamlet.[2]As a high school student2 with English literature3 as one of my main subjects，I have to! Shakespeare’s Hamlet is probably the most important play by the most important writer in English.Almost everybody knows “To be，or not to be”，right? Having seen quite a few4 productions of Hamlet and read the play many times，I was full of confidence5 —until the Peking Opera came to town! [1]　结构分析：此句是复合句。I knew a lot about Hamlet是省略了that的宾语从句。 [2]　结构分析：此句是简单句。with English literature...subjects为with的复合结构作后置定语，修饰名词student；在此复合结构中，English literature作宾语，介词短语as one of my main subjects作宾语补足语。 词块翻译： 1．非常了解 2．一名高中生 3．英国文学 4．相当多 5．满怀信心 [3]Dating back to6 the 18th century，Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history7.Does this mean it’s easier than a Shakespeare play to understand？[4]To find out8 the answer，I just had to go and see The Revenge of Prince Zidan—the Peking Opera version of Hamlet. [3]　结构分析：此句是简单句。Dating back to the 18th century作状语，因为date back to与其逻辑主语Peking Opera之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。 [4]　结构分析：此句是简单句。句首的不定式短语To find out the answer作目的状语，the Peking Opera version of Hamlet是The Revenge of Prince Zidan的同位语。 6.追溯到 7．有200多年的历史 8．查明，找出 [5]Starting with9 an orchestra playing traditional Chinese instruments10，the opera brought a completely new sound to my Western ears.[6]At first，I thought what I heard was a violin，but later I learnt that it was an instrument with two strings called jinghu.[7]Then，seeing the main characters come on stage11，I was surprised! The costumes and masks were amazing.The performers of course sang in Chinese，but the music，exaggerated movements and mime helped get the meanings across to the audience12.The voices themselves sounded really unique—some of the female voices were so high that I was sure they could break glass13! And the stage was really simple：a decorated whip represented a horse，and a screen with Chinese characters，a study.[8]Using such techniques，the opera had transformed a small stage into14 the whole universe. [5]　结构分析：此句是简单句。Starting with...instruments为现在分词短语作方式状语，其逻辑主语是the opera；playing traditional Chinese instruments为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰orchestra。 [6]　结构分析：此句是but连接的并列复合句。在第一个分句中，thought后是一个省略了that的宾语从句；what引导主语从句。在第二个分句中，that引导的是宾语从句；called jinghu是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰instrument。 [7]　结构分析：此句是简单句。seeing...stage是现在分词短语作状语，其逻辑主语是I。 [8]　结构分析：此句是简单句。现在分词短语Using such techniques作方式状语，其逻辑主语是the opera。 9.以……开始 10．演奏中国传统乐器 11．走上舞台 12．把意思传达给观众 13．震碎玻璃 14．把……转化为…… [9]Easily my favourite part of the show was how the characters moved on stage.I had never seen Prince Hamlet do a backflip before! That was simply incredible.[10]It was so dazzling and energetic that I wasn’t sure if the characters were performers or athletes! Everyone was clapping. [9]　结构分析：此句是复合句。how引导表语从句。 [10]　结构分析：此句是复合句。that引导结果状语从句；if引导宾语从句。 Before experiencing The Revenge of Prince Zidan，I wasn’t sure if I would enjoy it.But，in fact15，I was on the edge of my seat16！[11]Feeling the strong emotions of17 love，anger，fear and grief in the performance，I could easily recognise the theme of Hamlet.[12]So，if you want to see a show that combines music，singing，drama，poetry and costume design with18 explosive effect19，The Revenge of Prince Zidan ticks all the right boxes20! [11]　结构分析：此句是简单句。Feeling the strong...performance为现在分词短语作原因状语。 [12]　结构分析：此句是复合句。if引导条件状语从句；that引导定语从句，修饰前面的名词短语a show。 15.事实上 16．非常激动 17．感受……的强烈情感 18．将……与……结合起来 19．惊艳的效果 20．事情发展如人所愿，一切顺利 析篇章结构 date back to (＝date from)追溯到 [教材原句P50] Dating back to the 18th century，Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history.京剧的起源可以追溯到18世纪，至今已有两百多年的历史了。 be up to date with了解……的最新信息 out of date过时的 set a/the date for选定……的日期 用date相关短语的正确形式填空 (1)My interest in stamp collecting dates back to my schooldays. (2)I read different versions of newspapers to be up to date with modern technology. (3)The dress is out of date so I will feel embarrassed if I wear it to the dinner party. [写作佳句] (4)(应用文写作之推荐信)应您要求想要更多有关中国传统文化的信息，我想向您推荐中国的饮茶文化，它可以追溯到数千年前。 In response to your request for more information about traditional Chinese culture，I would like to recommend Chinese tea-drinking culture dating back to thousands of years ago. get across 解释清楚，传达 [教材原句P51] The performers of course sang in Chinese，but the music，exaggerated movements and mime helped get the meanings across to the audience.表演者当然是用中文演唱的，但音乐、夸张的动作和形体模仿有助于让观众理解其中的含义。 [译林版] And what message does it try to get across？而它试图传达的信息是什么呢？ get hold of抓住，掌握；和某人联系；找到 get in touch with与……取得联系 get down to (doing) sth开始(做/认真对待)某事 get over克服 get on/along (well) with进展(顺利)；与……相处(得好) get through完成；熬过(困难、疾病等)；通过(考试)；接通(电话) 要参加这次演讲比赛，我首先要克服恐惧。我与我原来的英语老师取得了联系，他耐心地教给了我一些实用的演讲技巧。得到他的建议后，我立刻开始努力练习，并鼓励自己要抓住这个宝贵的机会。 To take part in the speech competition，I should first get over my fear.I got in touch with my former English teacher，who got some practical speech tips across to me with patience.The moment I got his suggestions，I got down to practicing hard and encouraged myself to get hold of the precious chance. anger n．愤怒，怒火 vt.使发怒；激怒(angry adj.生气的angrily adv.生气地；愤怒地) [教材原句P52] Feeling the strong emotions of love，anger，fear and grief in the performance，I could easily recognise the theme of Hamlet.在这场表演中，我感受到了爱、愤怒、恐惧和悲痛这些强烈的情感，所以能轻易地领会到《哈姆雷特》的主题。 ·in anger生气地，愤怒地 burst into anger/explode with anger勃然大怒 ·be/get angry with/at sb (about/for sth)(因某事)对某人生气 be/get angry at/about/over sth 对某事生气 (1)Filled with anger(angry) and grief，he couldn’t contain his emotions and burst into tears. (2)He said angrily(angry)，“Why have you done that？” [写作佳句] (3)(读后续写之情绪描写)我因为儿子的粗鲁行为而对他非常生气，以至于我愤然冲出了家门。 I was so angry at my son about his rude behaviour that I stormed out of the house angrily/in anger. (4)我爸爸对我说的话很生气，他勃然大怒，浑身发抖。 My dad was angry about my words and he burst into anger/exploded with anger，shaking all over. combine v．(使)组合，(使)结合(combination n．联合；组合，结合) [教材原句P52] So，if you want to see a show that combines music，singing，drama，poetry and costume design with explosive effect，The Revenge of Prince Zidan ticks all the right boxes！所以，如果你想看一场将音乐、演唱、戏剧、诗歌以及服装设计融合在一起，并产生震撼效果的演出，《王子复仇记》绝对是不二之选！ ·combine A with/and B使A与B结合起来 ·in combination with与……联合 (1)With the right combination(combine) of animals and plants，he figured，maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. (2)Hands-on creation combined(combine) with nature exploration helped us discover new artistic techniques. [写作佳句] (3)(2024·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)这堂美术课将自然之美与艺术创作相结合，加深了我对艺术和生活的理解。 The art class combined the beauty of nature with the creation of art，which deepened my understanding of art and life. until 引导时间状语从句 [教材原句P50] Having seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times，I was full of confidence—until the Peking Opera came to town！我看过好几部《哈姆雷特》的影视作品，这部戏剧我也读过很多遍了，因此(对于了解《哈姆雷特》这方面)我信心满满——直到城里来了京剧表演！ [结构分析] 此句是复合句。Having seen...many times为现在分词短语作原因状语；主句含有一个until引导的时间状语从句。 until的用法如下： ·若主句的谓语动词是延续性的，那么这个主句需用肯定形式；若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的，则主句常用否定式，构成not...until...结构。 ·强调结构：It is/was not until＋时间状语从句或短语＋that＋主句部分。 ·not until置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。 (1)(2023·浙江1月，读后续写)我一直等到那只鸟出现，我的嘴角露出了微笑。 I waited until the bird came into view and a smile appeared on my lips. (2)我对这个可爱的男孩笑了笑，并向他保证他妈妈不回来我就不走。 I smiled to the cute boy and promised that I wouldn’t leave until his mother returned. (3)I didn’t realize the dazzling charm of drama until I watched the mime show. →It wasn’t until I watched the mime show that I realized the dazzling charm of drama.(变为强调句型) →Not until I watched the mime show did I realize the dazzling charm of drama.(变为倒装句) so...that...如此……以至于…… [教材原句P51] The voices themselves sounded really unique—some of the female voices were so high that I was sure they could break glass! 那些唱腔听起来非常独特——有的女声音调之高，我觉得都能震碎玻璃了！ [结构分析] 此句是复合句。句中含有so...that...，意为“如此……以至于……”，that引导的是结果状语从句。 ·so...that...中的so是副词，修饰形容词或副词。具体有以下几种形式： so＋＋that... ·such...that...也意为“如此……以至于”，such常用来修饰名词。主要有以下几种形式： such＋＋that... (1)(读后续写之喜悦情绪描写)他在考试中取得了如此大的进步以至于他母亲高兴得笑得合不拢嘴。 He had made so much progress/such great progress in the examination that his mother grinned from ear to ear with happiness. (2)(读后续写之紧张情绪描写)他如此紧张以至于他不安地来回走动，双手不受控制地颤抖。 He was so nervous that he walked up and down restlessly，with his hands trembling without control. (3)(读后续写之夸张修辞手法)他处在如此困难的境地以至于他感觉世界末日到了。 He is stuck in such a difficult situation/so difficult a situation that he feels as if the world were at an end. (4)我面临这么多的问题以至于我如坐针毡。 I am faced with so many problems that I’m on pins and needles. Ⅰ.品句猜词 1．Located in the heart of the mountains，the cottage presents an attractive aspect① from every angle.The south-facing aspect② of it allows for an abundance of sunlight throughout the day.As I explored it，I noticed various aspects③ of its design that reflected the traditional architecture of the region.①n.外观　②n.朝向　③n.方面 2．The wildflowers will be incredible after this rain.adj.极好的 3．In the second half of the game，the home team got the edge on the visitors and kept it. n．(微弱的)优势 Ⅱ.单词拼写 1．With modern technologies available，the present terrible situation will be transformed. 2．I clapped my hands to inspire him to run forward rather than give up. 3．There are different versions(版本) of his revenge，and which one do you believe? 4．The artist combines different techniques(技巧) in the same painting. 5．Learning that he failed in the interview，he cried with anger and grief. Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1．The energetic(energy) boy skips in the backyard for one hour every day. 2．Loose clothing gives you greater freedom of movement(move)． 3．They find it important to give their children emotional(emotion) support. 4．This traditional theater，dating(date) from the 18th century，still hosts various opera performances. 5．The new film’s success lies in its perfect combination(combine) of an engaging plot and dazzling special effects. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 I had been always full of 1.confidence(confident) about Hamlet before I saw The Revenge of Prince Zidan—the Peking Opera version of Hamlet.First，the opera brought a completely new sound to my Western ears，2.beginning(begin) with an orchestra playing traditional Chinese instruments，one of 3.which was an instrument with two strings called jinghu.Then，I was surprised when the main characters came on stage.The costumes and masks were 4.amazing(amaze)．Although the performers sang in Chinese，the music，exaggerated movements and mime helped get the meanings 5.across to the audience.The voices sounded really unique.So high were some of the female voices 6.that I was sure they could break glass! And the stage was really simple.Using some special techniques，the opera 7.had transformed(transform) a small stage into the whole universe.What I liked most was 8.the way the characters moved on stage.It was extremely dazzling and energetic ! Feeling the strong 9.emotions(emotion) of love，anger，fear and grief in the performance，I could 10.easily(easy) recognise the theme of Hamlet. 作业1 [分值：59.5分] Ⅰ.短语填空(共6小题；每小题2分，满分12分) 1．The young actress was full of confidence(充满自信) as she walked onto the audition stage. 2．Ballet dates back to(追溯到) the 15th and 16th centuries，which combines dance，music and costume. 3．The lead singer came on stage(走上舞台) with a dazzling smile，instantly lighting up the concert hall. 4．Each play has a theme which the playwright hopes to get across(解释清楚) through dialogue and action. 5．Over the past 20 years，the fishing village has been transformed into(被改变成) an international tourist destination. 6．The children were on the edge of their seats(非常激动) throughout the puppet show，fascinated by the lively characters. Ⅱ.主题微写作——介绍京剧(满分15分) 1．京剧如此耀眼且吸引人，它无疑是中华传统文化的精髓。(so...that...) Peking Opera is so dazzling and appealing that it is undoubtedly the essence of traditional Chinese culture. 2．京剧的历史可以追溯到清朝的乾隆年间，它通常结合许多方面，如戏剧、诗歌、服装设计、音乐、化妆等。(combine) The history of Peking Opera can date back to the Qianlong Period in the Qing Dynasty and it commonly combines many aspects，such as drama，poetry，costume design，music，make-up and so on. 3．直到我们亲身看京剧，我们才能真正欣赏到这门优雅的艺术。(not until的强调句) It is not until we watch Peking Opera in person that we can really appreciate the graceful art. 4．夸张的妆容可以吸引观众的注意力，强化舞台效果。(absorb) Exaggerated make-up can absorb the audience’s attention and emphasize stage effect. 5．表演者通过各种表演技巧，包括手势、步法和其他身体动作来表达人物的情感并讲述故事，这有助于让观众理解其中的含义。(get across；非限制性定语从句) The performers express the characters’ emotions and tell stories by various performance techniques，including mime，footwork and other body movements，which helps get the meanings across to the audience. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共7小题；每小题2.5分，满分17.5分) A (2025·浙江杭州高一上期末) Welcome to our guide of the Best Movies of 2024，featuring every Certified Fresh movie as they come in week by week! Joker：Folie à Deux(Oct.4) The first Joker stunned Hollywood by becoming a $1 billion hit despite being R-rated and having a modest budget for a comic book movie.The sequel(续集) comes at a challenging time for the comic book genre，but can Joker 2 have the last laugh? Joaquin Phoenix reprises his Oscar-winning role as Arthur Fleck，with Lady Gaga joining as co-lead in this musical in filmmaker Todd Phillips’ feature. Twisters(July 19) The new version of the 90s movie Twister stars Daisy Edgar-Jones，Glen Powell and Anthony Ramos.Minari’s Lee Isaac Chung directs.The original followed storm-chasers in Oklahoma and was known for its inventive special effects that brought tornadoes to the big screen. Inside Out 2(June 14) The gang is back together in this animated follow-up to the beloved Pixar movie that follows the anthropomorphized(人格化) emotions of a young girl led by Amy Poehler’s Joy.Joining for this round is Anxiety，voiced by Maya Hawke. Mufasa：The Lion King(Dec.20) After Jon Favreau’s The Lion King remake made more than $1 billion at the box office in 2019，Disney was keen to return to the world with a prequel(前传) focusing on Mufasa.This time，Barry Jenkins directs the cartoon with—Aaron Pierre voicing Mufasa，a role made famous by James Earl Jones in the 1994 animated feature. 1．Which movie is a remake? A．Joker：Folie à Deux. B．Twisters. C．Inside Out 2. D．Mufasa：The Lion King. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。由Twisters(July 19)中“The new version of the 90s movie Twister stars Daisy Edgar-Jones，Glen Powell and Anthony Ramos.”可知，Twisters是翻拍的电影。故选B项。 2．What do Inside Out 2 and Mufasa：The Lion King have in common? A．Both are animated films. B．Both introduce new characters. C．Both are made by new directors. D．Both are financially successful. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。由Inside Out 2(June 14)中“The gang is back together in this animated follow-up to the beloved Pixar movie...”和Mufasa：The Lion King(Dec.20)中“This time，Barry Jenkins directs the cartoon with—Aaron Pierre voicing Mufasa，a role made famous by James Earl Jones in the 1994 animated feature.”可知，这两部电影都是动画片。故选A项。 3．Where is the text probably from? A．A journal on film studies. B．An entertainment website. C．A textbook on movie history. D．A daily newspaper on global news. 答案　B 解析　文章出处题。由第一段“Welcome to our guide of the Best Movies of 2024，featuring every Certified Fresh movie as they come in week by week！”以及下文可知，这篇文章主要介绍了四部2024年最佳电影，所以可能来自一个娱乐网站。故选B项。 B(此篇精读) (2025·湖南郴州高一上期末) The Academy Awards，which are more widely known as the Oscars，consist of a collection of awards aimed at honoring outstanding artistic and technical achievements within the film industry.These awards are presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences，an institution located in Beverly Hills，California，U.S.Winners of the Academy Awards are chosen from 24 categories(类别) including best picture，acting awards，directing，screenplays，technical aspects，and various film types.And they will receive a gold-plated statue commonly called Oscar. To be eligible for an Oscar award in a given year，a film generally must be publicly exhibited(展出) for paid admission for at least one week at a commercial theatre in Los Angeles between January 1 and December 31 midnight of that year.Exceptions to this rule include foreign-language films，which are submitted(提交) by their country of origin and need not have been shown in the United States.Documentaries and short films have different eligibility requirements and are officially submitted by their producers，whereas music awards require the musical artist to file a submission form. Only members of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences can recommend and vote for Oscar candidates(候选人)．The academy is divided into various branches of film production.For each award category，the candidates are selected by the members of the corresponding branch.That is to say，writers recommend writers，directors recommend directors，and so on.The entire academy membership recommends the candidates for best picture and votes to determine the winners in most of the categories. Aside from presenting international recognition and reputation，an Academy Award can play a vital role in the success of the major winners.For actors and directors，the award often results in higher salaries，increased media attention，and better film offers. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，介绍了奥斯卡金像奖Academy Awards，包括其设立目的、颁发机构、奖项类别、参选资格、候选人选拔方式以及获奖对得主的影响等内容。 4．What can be learned about the Academy Awards from paragraph 1? A．They are set up for the television industry. B．Winners will receive a statue made of gold. C．They are made up of a collection of awards. D．The first awards were presented to an American. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的“The Academy Awards...consist of a collection of awards...”可知，奥斯卡金像奖是由一系列奖项组成的。故选C项。 5．What do the underlined words “be eligible for” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Amaze. B．Qualify. C．Influence. D．Recognize. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。第二段讲述了一部电影要获得奥斯卡奖需要满足的条件，由此可推理出“be eligible for”的意思是“获得参赛资格”，与qualify意思相近。故选B项。 6．How are the candidates for each award selected according to the text? A．By a random selection. B．By public audience voting. C．By the Academy’s president. D．By members of related branches. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段的“For each award category，the candidates are selected by the members of the corresponding branch.That is to say，writers recommend writers，directors recommend directors，and so on.”可知，每个奖项的候选人是由相关部门的成员挑选的。故选D项。 7．What can an Academy Award bring to the winners? A．Rights to produce any film. B．Success in future box office. C．Higher salaries in future work. D．More job opportunities in producing films. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“For actors and directors，the award often results in higher salaries，increased media attention，and better film offers.”可知，奥斯卡奖能给获奖者带来未来工作中更高的薪水。故选C项。 [词汇积累] 1．consist of由……组成 同义短语：be made up of，be composed of，be comprised of 2．be divided into被分成 3．aside from除……之外(还) 同义短语：apart from [句式分析] The Academy Awards，which are more widely known as the Oscars，consist of a collection of awards aimed at honoring outstanding artistic and technical achievements within the film industry. 分析：此句为复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，aimed at...为非谓语动词结构作后置定语。 翻译：奥斯卡金像奖更广为人知的名字是奥斯卡，它由一系列旨在表彰电影行业中杰出艺术和技术成就的奖项组成。 Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) (2025·江苏南通高一上期末) As a senior in high school back in the 1980s，I was crazy about baseball.But I could only take part in the sports by serving as the statistician(数据员) as my poor health 1 me from joining in such sports. As the statistician，I enjoyed spending lots of time 2 various statistics connected with baseball.One season，our team 3 several losses.I carefully analyzed(分析) each player’s 4 and thought that a line-up(阵容) change based on their statistics would be 5 .So，I approached the coach to suggest 6 line-ups.Although he appreciated my advice，he 7 it at first. Following our team’s seventh 8 ，the coach asked me to propose a new line-up.I re-examined the statistics and made a slight 9 .To everyone’s delight，we began to 10 the next few games.The new line-up made the team play in its 11 .And all of the players felt more inspired.As I continued to better the line-up，the 12 kept all the players actively engaged(参与)． 13 ，we were leading 4-2 and went on to win the championship. My basic 14 of statistics had played an important role in our success，which earned me a school award.This experience 15 my interest in statistics，finally leading me to major in the subject in college. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一次比赛中运用自己的统计学知识帮助球队赢得了比赛。 1．A.protected B．separated C．prevented D．hid 答案　C 解析　protect保护；separate分开；prevent阻止；hide隐藏。根据上文“my poor health”可知，此处指作者的身体状况阻止作者参加这类运动。故选C。 2．A.examining B．adapting C．recalling D．preparing 答案　A 解析　examine研究，检查；adapt改编；recall回想起；prepare准备。根据上文“As the statistician”可知，作者是统计员，喜欢花很多时间研究与棒球有关的各种统计数据。故选A。 3．A.cared about B．started with C．got over D．fell on 答案　B 解析　care about关心；start with以……开始；get over克服；fall on袭击。根据后文“several losses”以及“Following our team’s seventh”可知，此处指有一个赛季，球队一开始就输了几场。故选B。 4．A.opinion B．energy C．identity D．performance 答案　D 解析　opinion观点；energy能量；identity身份；performance表现。根据后文“a line-up(阵容) change based on their statistics”可知，此处指作者仔细分析每个球员的表现。故选D。 5．A.normal B．helpful C．challenging D．convenient 答案　B 解析　normal正常的；helpful有帮助的；challenging挑战性的；convenient方便的。根据后文“So，I approached the coach to suggest”可知，作者之所以向教练提出建议是因为认为根据队员的数据调整阵容会有所帮助。故选B。 6．A.ordinary B．present C．optional D．common 答案　C 解析　ordinary普通的；present当前的；optional可选择的；common共同的。根据上文“a line-up(阵容) change based on their statistics”可知，此处指作者列出了另一个阵容，让教练选择。故选C。 7．A.refused B．followed C．promoted D．observed 答案　A 解析　refuse拒绝；follow跟随；promote促进；observe观察。根据上文although表示转折可知，教练一开始拒绝了作者的建议。故选A。 8．A.chance B．entrance C．accident D．defeat 答案　D 解析　chance机会；entrance入口；accident事故；defeat击败。根据后文“the coach asked me to propose a new line-up”可知，教练之所以让作者提出新阵容是因为第七场比赛也失败了，故选D。 9．A.increase B．change C．stop D．mistake 答案　B 解析　increase增加；change改变；stop停止；mistake错误。根据上文“a line-up(阵容) change”以及“propose a new line-up”可知，作者重新检查了统计数据，做了一个小小的改动。故选B。 10．A.improve B．imitate C．update D．explore 答案　A 解析　improve改善；imitate模仿；update更新；explore探索。根据上文“To everyone’s delight”可知，大家之所以高兴是因为比赛情况有了改善。故选A。 11．A.movements B．aspects C．strengths D．routines 答案　C 解析　movement运动；aspect方面；strength优点；routine常规。根据上文“I carefully analyzed each player’s”可知，阵容是作者通过分析每个球员的表现而得出的，所以新的阵容使该队发挥了自己的长处。故选C。 12．A.tradition B．creativity C．response D．determination 答案　B 解析　tradition传统；creativity创造力；response回答；determination决心。根据上文“As I continued to better the line-up”可知，作者继续完善阵容，由此可知，此处指这种创造力让所有球员都积极参与其中。故选B。 13．A.Suddenly B．Actually C．Definitely D．Finally 答案　D 解析　suddenly突然；actually实际上；definitely肯定地；finally最后。根据后文“we were leading 4-2 and went on to win the championship”可知，他们最终赢得了冠军。故选D。 14．A.understanding B．impression C．lecture D．influence 答案　A 解析　understanding理解；impression印象；lecture演讲；influence影响。根据后文“of statistics had played an important role in our success”可知，此处指作者对统计学的基本理解对成功发挥了重要作用。故选A。 15．A.revised B．reduced C．deepened D．delayed 答案　C 解析　revise修改；reduce减少；deepen加深；delay推迟。根据后文“my interest in statistics，finally leading me to major in the subject in college”可知，这段经历加深了作者对统计学的兴趣，最终使作者在大学主修了这门学科。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $