Unit 3 Period 4 Developing ideas（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第二册学习笔记（外研版·新教材）

本讲义围绕“跑步”主题展开语篇理解与语言技能训练，从快速阅读梳理文本结构、仔细阅读分析细节，到短语翻译、长难句解析，构建“语篇理解-语言知识-技能应用”的学习支架，系统提升学生阅读理解与语言运用能力。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过阅读细节题、长难句结构分析提升语言理解与逻辑分析能力，结合词汇拓展（如adjustable, balance）和主题微写作强化知识迁移。课中辅助教师分层教学，课后助力学生查漏补缺，培养自主学习能力。

Period 4　Developing ideas Task 1 Fast reading for the structure of the text. Ⅰ.Skim the passage to find out the general idea of the text by filling in the chart below. Ⅱ.Skim the passage to find out the main idea of the text. What is the main idea of the passage? A．Running is the best sport all over the world. B．This global site is very popular all over the world. C．Reasons for starting running and benefits gained from running. D．Running can cure your disease and make you better and better. 答案　C Task 2 Careful reading for the details of the text. 1．What’s Li Yue’s attitude towards next year’s competition? A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Doubtful. D．Indifferent. 答案　B 2．What kind of life did David lead before running? A．He was under great pressure and felt anxious. B．He felt easy dealing with his work. C．There were few challenges in his life. D．He was busy dealing with the relationship with his colleagues. 答案　A 3．What do the four people have in common? A．They run to escape from work. B．They run in national competitions. C．They all benefit from running. D．They all loved running at first. 答案　C 4．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A newspaper. B．A website. C．A magazine. D．A novel. 答案　B Task 3 Translate the following phrases into English. 1．取得联系get in touch 2．收到……的信，得到……的消息hear from 3．生来就有(某种疾病或性格等)be born with sth 4．就某人这种特殊的情况而言in one’s particular case 5．参加take part in 6．赢得金牌win gold 7．不久前not so long ago 8．起初at first 9．坚持跑步keep running 10．前五名the top five 11．偶然发现；偶然遇见come across 12．爱上fall in love with 13．即将发生；就在附近around the corner 14．相应地；轮流，依次in turn 15．处理，应付deal with 16．尽可能多地as often as sb possibly can 17．募款raise money 18．消失，绝迹，灭绝die out Task 4 Analyse some long and difficult sentences. 1．I only joined my local athletics club because my doctor told me that in my particular case exercise could improve how my lungs work.(P42 Li Yue) [结构分析] 该句为复合句。because引导原因状语从句，在该从句中that引导宾语从句，宾语从句中的how my lungs work为宾语从句，作improve的宾语。 [汉语翻译] 医生说对于我这种特殊情况，运动可以改善我的肺部功能，所以我才加入本地的运动俱乐部。 2．As my fitness and my running improved，I started running in national competitions.(P42 Li Yue) [结构分析] 该句为复合句。As引导时间状语从句，意为“随着”。 [汉语翻译] 随着身体状况的改善和跑步能力的提高，我开始参加全国跑步比赛。 3．Now I no longer use the app，but I’ve fallen in love with running，and still do it with my running friends.(P43 Sarah) [结构分析] 该句为but连接的并列句。第二个分句由并列连词and连接两个谓语动词。 [汉语翻译] 虽然现在我已经不再用这款应用软件了，但是我已经爱上了跑步，现在依然和我的跑友们一起跑步。 4．It can be quite stressful at times，though，which in turn makes me feel anxious.(P43 David) [结构分析] 该句为复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语；主句中的though在这里是副词，意思是“然而”。 [汉语翻译] 然而，有时候工作的压力是非常大的，这也相应地会让我感到焦虑。 5．Whether I’m at the gym or on the road，my nervous energy pushes me through mile one.(P43 David) [结构分析] 该句为复合句。Whether...or...引导让步状语从句。 [汉语翻译] 无论在健身房还是在路上，紧张带来的力量都会驱使我跑完第一英里。 6．This is a programme run by The Gorilla Organization to raise money to save the world’s last remaining gorillas from dying out.(P44 Grace) [结构分析] 该句为简单句。run by...是过去分词短语在句中作后置定语，修饰programme；to raise money和to save...都作目的状语；句中含有短语save...from doing...意为“拯救……使其免于……”。 [汉语翻译] 这是由 “大猩猩保护组织” 开展的一个项目，旨在筹集资金，拯救世界上仅存的大猩猩，使其免于灭绝。 7．The funniest moment was when someone watching the race offered me a banana—a real treat for a running gorilla！(P44 Grace) [结构分析] 该句为复合句。when引导表语从句，watching the race是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰someone；a real treat for a running gorilla作a banana的同位语。 [汉语翻译] 最有趣的时刻是看比赛的人递给了我一根香蕉——这对于奔跑的大猩猩来说真是一顿美餐！ adjustable adj.可调整的，可调节的[adjust vi.&vt.调整；(使)适应 adjustment n．调整，调节；适应] [教材原句P39] It also has a voice control setting that enables you to stay hands-free，while its waterproof band is fully adjustable so that it is comfortable to wear.它还设有语音控制功能，让你无需动手操作。此外，其防水表带可完全调节，佩戴起来十分舒适。 [译林版] The school has adjusted all the lights to make sure the classrooms are well lit.学校调试了所有的灯，以确保教室照明良好。 ·adjust to (doing) sth适应(做)某事 adjust...to...调整……以适应…… adjust oneself to...使某人自己适应…… ·make an adjustment/adjustments做出调整 (1)We have made some adjustments(adjust) according to your request. (2)The biggest advantage is that the height of the bicycle seat is adjustable(adjust)． (3)To make your speech satisfying，adjust your language to the age of your audience. (4)It took him quite a while to adjust to living(live) alone in a new city. [写作佳句] (5)(应用文写作之建议信)得知你难以适应新环境，我写信给你一些建议。 Learning that you have difficulty in adjusting yourself to the new surroundings，I’m writing to offer you some suggestions. balance n．平衡；天平；结欠款；余额 v．平衡；权衡(balanced adj.平衡的，均衡的) [教材原句P40] Using only a rope，you can develop your footwork and balance.仅用一根绳子，你就能提升自己的步法和平衡能力。 [人教版] Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.在发展进步与文化遗址保护之间找到并保持恰当的平衡可能是一项巨大的挑战。 ·keep/lose one’s balance保持/失去平衡 out of balance不平衡 keep a balance between A and B　在A和B之间保持平衡 ·balance A against B　权衡A与B (1)It is obvious that the typical North American diet is out of balance. (2)You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages. (3)Only by combining regular exercise and a balanced(balance) diet can you keep fit. [写作佳句] (4)(读后续写之动作/心理描写)走路的时候，杰西踩到了香蕉皮，失去平衡，倒在地上，尴尬地满脸通红。 While walking，Jesse stepped on a banana peel，lost his balance and fell to the ground，which made him flush with embarrassment. (5)政府是时候应该采取措施保持自然界的平衡了。 It is high time that the government took/should take measures to keep the balance of nature. involve v．包含，需要(involvement n．参与；加入；沉迷) [教材原句P40] It involves doing very slow physical exercises to relax your mind and calm your body.它包括进行非常缓慢的身体锻炼，以此来放松你的大脑，让你的身体平静下来。 [人教版] As well as studying hard，I’ve been involved in social activities.除了努力学习之外，我还参与了一些社会活动。 ·involve doing sth包含做某事 involve sb in (doing) sth把某人牵涉到某事里；使某人参与(做)某事 ·be/become/get involved in sth参与某事，被卷入某事 be/become/get involved with sb/sth与某人/某事有联系 (1)Your involvement(involve) will be highly appreciated. (2)Teaching is a job which involves spending(spend) quite a lot of time with students. (3)Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth. [写作佳句] (4)(2023·浙江1月，应用文写作)毫无疑问，参与这项有意义的活动拓宽了我们的视野，给了我们一个获得大量植物知识的好机会。 Undoubtedly，being/becoming/getting involved in this meaningful activity broadened our horizons and gave us a good chance to gain numerous knowledge on plants. response n．回答，答复(respond vt.&vi.回复，回答，回应) [教材原句P40] During the interview，listen carefully to each question and try to understand the main ideas within the interviewee’s responses.在采访过程中，要仔细聆听每个问题，并努力理解受访者回答内容中的要点。 [人教版] Secondly，there is a “routine”，the regular action you take in response to the cue.其次，存在一种 “惯常行为”，即你针对提示所采取的常规行动。 ·in response to回答……；作为对……的回应 make a/no response to对……(没)作出回应 ·respond to回答……；回应…… (1)The government should listen to the citizens and respond to their needs. (2)A similar process is at work in our response(respond) to information. [写作佳句] (3)让我恼火的是，他们没有对我的投诉信作出回应。 What made me annoyed was that they made no response to/didn’t respond to my letter of complaint. power n．力量；能力；权力；动力；电力(powerful adj.强有力的；有影响力的；强大的 powerless adj.无权的；无能为力的) [教材原句P43] Then I discovered an app called Running Power.然后我发现了一款名为“跑步力量”的应用程序。 [北师大版] The power and water supplies were unstable，so he could only shower every three or four days，and he had to learn how to cook.水电供应不稳定，所以他只能每三四天洗一次澡，而且他还得学会如何做饭。 in power当权(表状态) in one’s power在……掌控中 come to/into power开始掌权；上台(表动作) beyond one’s power超出某人的能力 within one’s power在某人能力/权力范围之内 have the power to do sth具有做某事的能力/权力 (1)I’m afraid it is beyond my power to do what you’re requesting. (2)Never before has our country been so powerful(power) as it is today. [写作佳句] (3)拥有完美的技术，你有能力在即将到来的比赛中赢得冠军。 Equipped with perfect skills，you have the power to win the champion in the upcoming competition. (4)(读后续写之环境描写)漆黑的雨夜，狂风大作，雷声隆隆，我完全被它们的力量控制住了。 The dark，rainy evening，the wind，the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power. in turn 依次，轮流；相应地，转而 [教材原句P43] It can be quite stressful at times，though，which in turn makes me feel anxious.然而，有时候工作的压力是非常大的，这也相应地会让我感到焦虑。 [人教版] This affects the crops grown on the land and，in turn，the animals and humans who digest them.这会影响在这片土地上种植的农作物，进而又会影响食用这些农作物的动物和人类。 by turns轮流地，交替地 take turns doing sth/in doing sth/to do sth轮流做某事 It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事。 (1)Regardless of the warning that they might fall ill，the two sisters took care of their sick mother by turns. (2)Students gave the handwritten thank-you cards to the teacher as a gift in turn.The teacher was moved，embracing them one by one. (3)If we had taken turns driving/to drive (drive) the car，you wouldn’t have been so tired. (4)It is your turn to decorate(decorate) the room with colorful lights and flowers. [写作佳句] (5)我把我的作品发布在社交媒体上，这转而让我遇到了一些最善良的人。 I post my work on social media and，in turn，have met some of the kindest people. die out 消失，绝迹，灭绝 [教材原句P44] This is a programme run by The Gorilla Organization to raise money to save the world’s last remaining gorillas from dying out.这是由“大猩猩保护组织”开展的一个项目，旨在筹集资金，拯救世界上仅存的大猩猩，使其免于灭绝。 [北师大版] Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally，the rate at which this is now happening is cause for concern.虽然物种自然灭绝并非罕见之事，但目前物种灭绝的速度却令人担忧。 ·die away(声音、光等)逐渐减弱；消失 die of/from因……而死 die down逐渐平息；逐渐暗淡 die off相继死去 ·be dying for sth渴望得到某物 be dying to do sth渴望去做某事 (1)用die相关短语的正确形式填空 ①If the snowstorm doesn’t blow over，the cattle will die off. ②It seemed that the sound of the car died away in the distance. ③Now I am dying for the precious opportunity to join the surfing club. ④According to data，men are more than twice as likely to die of/from skin cancer as women. ⑤With the living environment becoming worse and worse，many species are dying out. [写作佳句] (2)(应用文写作之推荐信)得知你很想来北京旅游，我写信推荐一些很棒的景点。 Learning that you are dying to visit Beijing，I’m writing to recommend some amazing tourist attractions. persuade vt.说服，劝服(persuasion n．说服persuasive adj.有说服力的) [教材原句P46] He then persuaded me to try ice hockey.然后他说服了我去尝试冰球运动。 [译林版] In other words，it tries to persuade people to buy a product or service.换句话说，它试图说服人们购买某种产品或服务。 persuade 注意：persuade表示“说服”，强调说服的结果；advise表示“劝说，建议”，对方不一定接受，强调动作。“劝说但不一定有效果”应表述为advise sb to do sth 或try to persuade sb to do sth。 (1)His argument was so persuasive(persuade) that we were all persuaded to follow(follow) him. (2)How can we persuade them of the advantages of new energy vehicles? [写作佳句] (3)这家伙如此固执，没有人能说服他改变主意。 So stubborn was the guy that no one could persuade him into changing/to change his mind. (4)她试图说服父亲不要吸烟，但没有成功。 She tried to persuade her father not to smoke/advised her father not to smoke，but in vain. before 引导时间状语从句 [教材原句P42] But before I knew it，I was taking part in local races.但是没过多久，我就开始参加本地的比赛了。 [结构分析] 本句是复合句。before引导时间状语从句。 before conj.常用来表示从句动作发生之前的时间，译法灵活。 ·强调主句动作发生在从句之前，意为“还没来得及……就……”。 ·在特定的情景中，意为“趁着……”。 ·强调动作发生的时间长，意为“过了(多久)才……”。 ·在“It＋be/took＋时间段＋before从句”中，意为“……之后才……”。 ·在“It＋be＋not＋long＋before从句”中，意为“……不久就……”。 (1)写出下列句子中before的汉语意思 ①Before they reached the stadium，the match had begun.在……之前 ②It will be a few years before we can make a breakthrough in this field.要过……才…… ③It will not be long before we get rid of the trouble in finance.(过不了多久)就…… ④He took the bad news out of his mouth before I could stop him.还没来得及……就…… [写作佳句] (2)我花了几个星期的时间才适应新的学校生活。 It took me a few weeks before I adapted to my new school life. (3)她还没来得及转过身，一个黑影从角落里猛地跳了出来。 Before she could turn around，a dark figure leaped out from the corner. Ⅰ.品句猜词 1．To my surprise，I was elected monitor① of our class.My teacher required me to buy a video camera to monitor② the experiments and that all the details should be clearly displayed on his computer monitor③.①n.班长　②vt.监视，监测　③n.显示屏 2．I wonder if you’re available this afternoon.adj.有空的 3．In our school，we enjoy a joyful life.The teachers are responsible and remind us not to skip① breakfast.In our free time, we skip② rope to keep fit.After school，we always skip③ down the street arm in arm，looking forward to our new day. ①v.不参加；不做(应做的事等)　②v.跳绳　③v.蹦蹦跳跳地走 4．I’d like to check the balance in my account，please.n.余额 5．(2022·浙江1月)With help from Tesla，Westinghouse’s firm developed a system using alternating current(交流电)，which soon became the major form of power delivery.n．电力 Ⅱ.单词拼写 1．Please do it carefully and be sure to label(贴标签于) all the plastic test tubes. 2．We are living in the Internet age of big data，which has improved our working efficiency greatly. 3．In business，it is important to make the network(人际关系网) with as many people as possible on a face-to-face basis. 4．The champion of the match was so excited that he didn’t know what to say in response to the loud applause. 5．According to some medical research，obesity can raise the risk of lung(肺) disease. 6．After running a mile，my legs ached so badly that I almost gave up，but I kept running until I reached the finishing line. 7．He who cannot afford blows and setbacks cannot win the ultimate(最后的) victory. Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1．That guy has the power to inspire people to follow(follow) him willingly. 2．In response(respond) to the public’s concerns，the government has taken measures to solve the issue. 3．The man failed to persuade his wife to participate(participate) in the competition with him. 4．A great deal of tension(tense) tends to do harm to adults’ health mentally. 5．At the art gallery，a series of modern paintings are on display. 6．The moment I saw my good friend，half of my worries disappeared(appear)． 7．Unless you’re really sweaty(sweat)，wait three or four wears before washing. 8．His smile should not be interpreted as agreement，for he might just be being polite. 9．To support his family，he gets involved(involve) in several jobs，making him tired out. 10．One of the UN goals is to ensure that clean water is available to everyone. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 This global site is a place for runners to share their 1.stories(story) about running.Here 2.are(be) four runners. The first one is Li Yue，in Beijing，who was born with asthma and he only joined the local athletics club because his doctor said that exercise could improve 3.how his lungs work.But before he knew it，he was taking part in local races. The second one is Sarah,36，in Montreal.She didn’t do any exercise until she discovered an app 4.called(call) Running Power,5.which lists her performance against other runners in the social network.Originally，she kept running just 6.to see(see) her ranking but then she really fell in love with it. The next one is David，a computer engineer in New York，whose work can be quite 7.stressful(stress) at times，which in turn makes him feel anxious.To help deal with this，he goes running as often as he 8.possibly(possible) can. The last one is Grace,25，in Manchester.She entered the Great Gorilla Run in London this year to raise money to save the world’s last remaining gorillas 9.from dying out.Each runner will run wearing a gorilla suit！The 10.funniest(funny) moment was when someone watching the race offered her a banana—a real treat for a running gorilla！ 作业4 [分值：74.5分] Ⅰ.短语填空(共6小题；每小题2分；满分12分) 1．If you want to get in touch with(与……取得联系) the surfing association，you can send an e-mail. 2．Some small languages are dying out(逐渐消失) because there are fewer and fewer native speakers left. 3．My sister took part in(参加) a singing competition last month and became the champion. 4．The experienced manager dealt with(处理) the difficult customer’s complaint efficiently yesterday. 5．The students asked questions one by one，and the teacher answered them in turn(依次)． 6．He came across(偶然遇到) an interesting novel about space exploration this morning. Ⅱ.主题微写作——学骑自行车(满分15分) 1．我写信是为了回答你关于我如何学会骑自行车的问题。(response) I am writing in response to your question on how I learned to ride a bike. 2．在我学习如何骑自行车之前，我觉得骑自行车很难。(before引导时间状语从句) I thought riding a bicycle very difficult before I learned how to ride one. 3．为了帮助我克服紧张情绪，我父亲向我保证，他会在后面保护我。(不定式短语作目的状语) To help me overcome my nervousness，my father assured me that he would protect me behind. 4．在父亲的帮助下，我已经可以尽情地享受骑自行车了。(content) With the help of my father，I have been able to enjoy cycling to my heart’s content. 5．我确信，如果你相信自己，你最终也可以学会骑自行车。(if从句) I am sure that if you believe in yourself，you can also learn how to ride a bike ultimately. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A(此篇精读) (2025·广东江门高一上期末) Nowadays，everyone’s days are busy and fitting in physical activity is frequently overlooked.But a new study，published in Circulation，suggests that doing just five extra minutes of exercise each day can help lower blood pressure. High blood pressure is one of the biggest health issues globally，affecting 1.28 billion adults around the world.It can lead to stroke，heart attack，heart failure and many other health problems，and is often described as the “silent killer” due to its lack of symptoms(症状)．Experts have long known that exercise is good for the heart.But researchers wanted to see whether even a tiny amount of additional exercise could make a difference. In the study，researchers collected health data from over 14,000 volunteers，to explore the relationship between daily physical activities and blood pressure levels.Each participant wore a device that recorded their movements throughout the day and then had their blood pressure measured.The average day of the participants consisted of sedentary activities like sitting，watching TV or using the computer，and more vigorous exercise such as running，cycling or stair climbing.Using this data，the researchers then estimated(估计) how changing those habits could change blood pressure. The results showed that adding five minutes of exercise can produce improvements in blood pressure.Replacing any less active behavior with five minutes of exercise per day，such as stair climbing，cycling，or running，could lower systolic(心脏收缩的) blood pressure(SBP) by 0.68 millimeters of mercury(mmHg) and diastolic(心脏舒张的) blood pressure(DBP) by 0.54 mmHg.“Our findings suggest that，for most people，exercise is key to reducing blood pressure，” Dr.Jo Blodgett，the first author of the study，from UCL，said.“The good news is that whatever your physical ability，it doesn’t take long to have a positive effect on blood pressure.” According to Blodgett，adding five extra minutes is a doable goal for most people，even with a busy schedule.Imagine just taking a five-minute walk or even stretching a bit more each day.By doing this，you’re improving your heart health without needing any major lifestyle changes. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了发表在《循环》杂志上的一项新研究表明，每天多锻炼五分钟就能帮助降低血压。 1．Why is high blood pressure often called the “silent killer”？ A．It has noticeable symptoms. B．It causes severe health issues. C．It affects most adults globally. D．It develops without symptoms. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“High blood pressure is...It can...and is often described as the ‘silent killer’ due to its lack of symptoms(症状)．”可知，高血压常被称为“沉默的杀手”是因为它没有症状。故选D项。 2．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．The procedures of the research. B．The benefits of physical exercise. C．The causes of high blood pressure. D．The movements of the participants. 答案　A 解析　段落大意题。根据第三段“In the study...Each participant wore a device that recorded their movements throughout the day and then had their blood pressure measured...Using this data，the researchers then estimated(估计) how changing those habits could change blood pressure.”可知，第三段主要讲的是研究的过程。故选A项。 3．What’s Blodgett’s view on adding five minutes of exercise? A．Only possible for the active. B．Difficult for those volunteers. C．Achievable for most people. D．Not beneficial for heart health. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“According to Blodgett，adding five extra minutes is a doable goal for most people，even with a busy schedule.”可推知，Blodgett认为即使日程繁忙，对大多数人来说，每天增加5分钟的锻炼是可以做到的。故选C项。 4．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Benefits of Different Types of Daily Activities B．The Growing Global Problem of High Blood Pressure C．Daily Exercise Completely Improves High Blood Pressure D．Five Extra Minutes of Daily Exercise Lowers Blood Pressure 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。根据文章大意可知，文章主要讲的是发表在《循环》杂志上的一项新研究表明，每天多锻炼五分钟就能帮助降低血压。由此可知，适合作本文标题的是D项“每天多运动五分钟可以降低血压”。故选D项。 [词汇积累] 1．fit in适应；找时间做 2．overlook vt.忽略；视而不见；俯视 3．lower vt.降低，减少；把……放低，使……降下 adj.下面的；在底部的；低洼的 4．due to由于，因为 同义短语：thanks to，owing to，because of，as a result of，on account of 5．have an effect on对……有影响 6．procedure n．程序，步骤，手续 [句式分析] The good news is that whatever your physical ability，it doesn’t take long to have a positive effect on blood pressure. 分析：此句为复合句。that引导表语从句，该从句中含有一个whatever引导的让步状语从句。 翻译：好消息是，不管你的体能如何，用不了多久就能对血压产生积极影响。 B (2025·广东广州高一上期末) The dodo is one of the most famous birds ever to have lived and also one of the most mysterious.Considered the first animal to die out due to human actions，it has been described as awkward and unintelligent.A new study is challenging this image，however. The dodo，a flightless bird with a large，hooked beak(鸟喙)，lived on Mauritius，an island in the Indian Ocean.Adult dodos were up to about 3 feet tall and weighed up to 51 pounds，making them larger than a modern turkey.They likely ate fruits，nuts，and seeds from the forest floor and swallowed stones to break up food in their bodies，which some modern birds do as well. Few dodo fossils or samples of soft tissue have been found，which means scientists haven’t been able to learn much else about them.To address that，a research team looked through 400 years of writing and scientific gatherings on the dodo.They concluded that the animal was probably not such an awkward bird after all.Written descriptions of live dodos suggested that the birds actually moved quickly. The team also re-examined dodo fossils and remains and concluded that the bird had powerful tendons(肌腱) in its toes—just similar to modern birds that climb and run.This provided further evidence that the dodo was an active，speedy bird.“The birds were fast and，before being wiped out，had been doing their thing and doing it incredibly well for millions of years，” said Neil Gostling，an author of the recent study. Scientists think dodos went extinct in the 1600s when Dutch sailors in Mauritius began hunting them.Dodos didn’t have predators on the island before that，so they weren’t afraid of humans and were easy to catch.This contributed to the idea that the birds were slow and not smart.However，scientists also know that sailors brought cats，dogs，and rats，which ate dodos’ chicks and damaged their habitat，helping to kill them off. The research team’s work is just the beginning of a larger project aimed at finding out more about the ancient creature.“The mystery of the dodo bird is about to be cracked wide open，” said Markus Heler，another author of the study. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了渡渡鸟是有史以来最著名的鸟类之一，也是最神秘的鸟类之一。渡渡鸟曾被人们认为是笨拙且不聪明的。但是，一项新的研究表明渡渡鸟是活跃且移动迅速的。 5．What was the traditional view of the dodo? A．It was a large and skilled flyer. B．It was a clever and adaptable bird. C．It moved slowly and appeared dull. D．It shared habits with some modern birds. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Considered the first animal to die out due to human actions，it has been described as awkward and unintelligent.”可知，传统观点认为渡渡鸟移动缓慢且看起来愚笨，故选C。 6．How did the researchers gain more knowledge about the dodo? A．By studying a copy of dodo fossils and relics. B．By analyzing the creature’s genetic structure. C．By looking through old records and collections. D．By watching behaviors of similar modern species. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“To address that，a research team looked through 400 years of writing and scientific gatherings on the dodo.”可知，研究人员通过查看旧记录和收藏来获得有关渡渡鸟的更多知识，故选C。 7．What does the underlined word “predators” mean in paragraph 5? A．Friends. B．Hunters. C．Neighbors. D．Competitors. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句子“Dodos didn’t have predators on the island before that，so they weren’t afraid of humans and were easy to catch.”可知，在荷兰水手开始猎杀它们之前，因为岛上没有它们的捕猎者，所以渡渡鸟不惧怕人类，因而容易被捕捉，画线单词意为“捕猎者”，故选B。 8．What is the next goal of the research team’s work? A．To better protect bird species. B．To gain a deeper understanding of dodos. C．To correct former research findings. D．To uncover the secrets to dodos’ extinction. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The research team’s work is just the beginning of a larger project aimed at finding out more about the ancient creature.‘The mystery of the dodo bird is about to be cracked wide open，’said...”可推知，研究小组接下来的工作目标是更加深入了解渡渡鸟，故选B。 Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) (2025·山东烟台高一上期末) Whatever the size or location，I love going to book festivals. 1 They give me the chance to connect with my favorite authors and readers who care about books as much as I do.There is a magic in being surrounded by people who have read my favorite books and can recommend the next favorite book. If you’re thinking about attending a book festival，there are a lot of factors to consider to make sure you have the best experience possible. 2 Some of these festivals can be pretty expensive，especially when you factor in hotel and travel costs.You can put money away each month so that you don’t go into debt when the time comes. Another factor you want to look at is: What do you want to get out of the event？ 3 Do you prefer mostly sitting in the audience of more interactive activities？Start looking for events that fit your criteria(标准)．Check out event listings on your favorite authors’ websites.Once you’ve narrowed down your list，reach on social media and ask about previous attendees’ experiences. 4 It can help reduce stress and anxiety.You can look at pictures of past events to decide what to wear.Many long-running festivals will have online Groups for attendees where you can ask questions and gather additional details. Finally，when it’s time for the event，have fun！It can be so easy to get caught up in schedules and planning.However，if you can take things as they come while you’re there，you’ll probably enjoy yourself more.I’ve found that something I expected to be the main draw of an event for me could turn out to be a disappointment. 5 A．Ask yourself what you enjoyed the most. B．I’m inspired by the passion and energy of them. C．Seek as much information as you can in advance. D．The primary issue is the challenge of affordability. E．Would you rather pick out your favorite books online? F．Is your main goal to get as many books signed as possible? G．But another activity I had no idea about became the highlight. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了参加图书节的好处、如何更好地规划参加图书节的准备工作以及在图书节上享受乐趣的建议。 1．答案　B 解析　由上文“Whatever the size or location，I love going to book festivals.”及下文“They give me the chance to connect with my favorite authors and readers who care about books as much as I do.”交代了作者对图书节的喜爱及图书节给作者带来的好处可知，空处承上启下，讲述作者喜爱图书节的原因。B选项“I’m inspired by the passion and energy of them.”描述了作者被图书节的气氛所感染，符合题意。故选B。 2．答案　D 解析　由上文“there are a lot of factors to consider to...possible”和下文“Some of these festivals can be pretty expensive，especially when you factor in hotel and travel costs.”可知，本空应强调费用是主要的考虑因素。D选项“The primary issue is the challenge of affordability.”指出是否能负担起费用是参加图书节的主要问题，承上启下，符合题意。故选D。 3．答案　F 解析　由上文“Another factor you want to look at is: What do you want to get out of the event？”及下文“Do you prefer mostly sitting in the audience of more interactive activities？”可知，本空与下文并列，同为疑问句式，询问参加图书节的目的。F选项“Is your main goal to get as many books signed as possible？”承上启下，符合题意。故选F。 4．答案　C 解析　由下文“It can help reduce stress and anxiety.You can look at pictures of past events to decide what to wear.”可知，本空应强调提前了解活动信息。C选项“Seek as much information as you can in advance.”建议读者提前获取尽可能多的活动信息，引出下文，符合题意。故选C。 5．答案　G 解析　由上文“However，if you can take things as they come while you’re there，you’ll probably enjoy yourself more.”可知，作者建议顺其自然。“I’ve found that something I expected to be the main draw of an event for me could turn out to be a disappointment.”以作者的个人经验为例，解释了为什么要顺其自然，本空承接上文，同样描述作者的经验。G选项“But another activity I had no idea about became the highlight.”符合题意。故选G。 Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) (2025·江苏常州高一上期末) Qigong is commonly considered mysterious and philosophical.It 1. (practise) in China for thousands of years.Deeply rooted in traditional Chinese culture，it is also regarded 2.____________ a part of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)． It’s said that the Qi flows through all the Yin and Yang organs(器官)．A lack of Qi in any organ means the organ is out of balance.A peaceful state of mind has to 3. (seek) and one should live in peace with his or her environments to maintain good health. Qigong is 4. art connected to the body and mind that helps prevent disease and cures illnesses，making life more pleasant.As is widely recognized，Qigong 5. (smooth) the process of carrying oxygen to cells and improves body functions.Good for 6. (treat) mental disabilities and stress，the Qigong exercises bring one to a state of relaxation 7.___________ pressure and anxiety are driven away and positive thinking with great confidence is increased.In this state,8. (concentrate) can also be achieved easily.9. Qigong may not be magical in treating acute(急性的) illnesses or medical emergencies，it’s ideal for preventing some diseases and treating certain chronic(慢性的) conditions or disabilities. Increasingly，Qigong is being recommended to more and more people now，including foreigners.It will 10. (certain) do more contributions to the world. 1．答案　has been practised 解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。主语It与谓语practise构成被动关系，根据后文for thousands of years可知为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。故填has been practised。 2．答案　as 解析　考查介词。短语be regarded as表示“被视为”。故填as。 3．答案　be sought 解析　考查语态。主语A peaceful state of mind与seek之间是被动关系，且 has to 后接动词原形，故填be sought。 4．答案　an 解析　考查冠词。art 在这里表泛指，表示“一门艺术”，是可数名词，且读音以元音音素开头，故填an。 5．答案　smooths 解析　考查时态和主谓一致。根据and连接并列成分，由improves可知，此处也应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，故填smooths。 6．答案　treating 解析　考查非谓语动词。for为介词，其后跟动词-ing形式作宾语，故填treating。 7．答案　where 解析　考查定语从句。先行词是“a state of relaxation”，在定语从句中作抽象地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 8．答案　concentration 解析　考查名词。此处作主语，应用名词形式，concentrate的名词形式是concentration，意为“专注；专心”，故填concentration。 9．答案　While/Although/Though 解析　考查状语从句。空处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”用while、though或although，句首首字母大写。故填While/Although/Though。 10．答案　certainly 解析　考查副词。空处修饰动词do，需用副词形式，作状语，故填certainly。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $