Unit 4 Period 4 Developing ideas（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第一册学习笔记（外研版·新教材）

本讲义聚焦高中英语文本阅读与语言运用核心知识点，通过快速阅读抓结构、仔细阅读挖细节搭建文本解读支架，衔接短语翻译、长难句分析及重点词汇（如inspiring, patience）、语法结构（如have sth done）的巩固，最终以主题微写作、语篇阅读等任务提升综合语言运用能力。 该资料特色在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如Task 2细节题训练信息提取，Task 4长难句分析提升逻辑推断；通过分层练习（单词拼写、语法填空）助力学习能力发展。课中辅助教师实施阶梯式教学，课后学生可借词汇表、语法解析查漏补缺，强化知识内化。

Period 4　Developing ideas Task 1　 Fast reading for the structure of the text Ⅰ.Skim the passage to find out the general idea of the text by filling in the chart below. Ⅱ.Skim the passage to find out the main idea of the text. The main idea of the text is an appointment of two good friends. Task2　Careful reading for the details of the text. 1．What’s the purpose of writing this text? A．To change people’s usual impression of friendship. B．To tell us how difficult it is to meet a person. C．To warn us not to be late for meeting friends. D．To show the friendship between the two former friends. 答案　D 2．What can be inferred from the first paragraph? A．The man must have made his fortune. B．The man is thirty-eight and Jimmy is forty now. C．The man with a scar on his face and Jimmy Wells are brothers. D．The man and Jimmy used to dine there at “Big Joe” Brady’s. 答案　B 3．What do we know about Jimmy? A．He had a special feeling for New York. B．He didn’t know other places in the world. C．He wanted to live a meaningful life alone. D．He had no idea what his future world would be like. 答案　A 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The man felt disappointed at not seeing Jimmy. B．The man firmly believed Jimmy was a reliable person. C．Jimmy and the man never contacted each other before. D．Jimmy was too far away to arrive on time. 答案　B Task 3　Translate the following phrases into English. 1．以……为背景be set in 2．在一个寒冷漆黑的晚上on a cold，dark night 3．下班回家leave work to go home 4．向……走去go up to 5．脸上有伤疤have a scar on one’s face 6．聊天have a chat 7．发财make one’s fortune 8．把……拖出…… drag...out of... 9．认为…… figure that... 10．应该，应当ought to 11．找出答案，解决work out 12．听起来十分有趣sound pretty interesting 13．收到某人的来信；得到某人的消息hear from sb 14．彼此失去联系lose track of each other 15．值得的be worth it 16．(意外地或终于)出现turn up Task 4　Analyse some long and difficult sentences. 1．Well，we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time，no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come.(P59 Para.1) [结构分析] 此句是复合句，主句是we agreed that night that...；第二个that引导宾语从句，在该从句中含有no matter what引导的让步状语从句。 [汉语翻译] 反正，那天晚上我们约定，不管日后各自情况如何，不管距离多远，都要在二十年后的同一天、同一时间在这儿再聚。 2．Haven’t you heard from your friend since you left？(P60 Para.2) [结构分析] 此句是复合句，since引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。 [汉语翻译] 你离开后，没有收到过你朋友的消息吗？ 3．But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he’s alive，for he always was the truest，staunchest old chap in the world.(P60 Para.3) [结构分析] 此句是并列复合句，并列连词for连接表示原因的并列分句；前面的分句中，I know是主句，后面跟省略了引导词that 的宾语从句，该从句中if引导条件状语从句。 [汉语翻译] 但是我知道，只要吉米还活着，他就会来这儿和我见面，因为他一直是这个世界上最真诚、最可靠的老伙计。 4．I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight，and it’s worth it if my old partner turns up.(P60 Para.3) [结构分析] 此句是and连接的并列复合句，第二个分句中的if引导条件状语从句。 [汉语翻译] 今晚，我从千里之外赶来站在这扇门前，只要我的老朋友出现，这一切就都是值得的。 inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的(inspire v．激发；鼓舞；启示inspiration n．灵感，鼓舞人心的人或事) [教材原句P54] Lucy is a smart girl.Her ideas are always inspiring.露西是个聪明的女孩。她的想法总是很有启发性。 inspire sb to do sth鼓舞某人做某事 (1)(2023·新课标Ⅱ)These small studies provide inspiration(inspire) and may be a springboard(跳板) for more complex works in the future. [写作佳句] (2)(应用文写作之感谢信)我想在这封信中向你表达我诚挚的感激之情，因为正是你不断的鼓励激励着我变得自信。 I would like to convey in this letter my sincere gratitude to you，for it’s your constant encouragement that inspired me to be confident. (3)(话题写作之人物介绍)她性格坚强，令人钦佩，是我见过的最能鼓舞人心的人物之一。 She was a very strong，impressive character and one of the most inspiring people I’ve ever met. patience n．耐心，耐性(patient adj.有耐心的，能忍耐的 n．病人patiently adv.耐心地impatiently adv.不耐烦地) [教材原句P55] two drops of patience两滴耐心 ·with patience＝patiently耐心地 have/lose patience with对……有/失去耐心 ·be patient with对……有耐心 (1)[译林版] Third，if you are still struggling to interpret the meaning of a poem even with much painstaking effort，just have some patience (patient)． (2)Realizing my negative mood，my head teacher talked with me patiently(patient) about it. (3)Whenever I made mistakes，the teacher always pointed them out with patience. [写作佳句] (4)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)多亏了我的老师对我展现出的耐心，我不仅完成了那篇写作，还发现了写作的乐趣。 Thanks to the patience my teacher showed me，I not only finished the writing but also discovered the joy of it. anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的(anxiously adv.焦虑地，不安地 anxiety n．焦虑，不安) [教材原句P56] the ability to wait without becoming anxious or angry能够耐心等待而不变得焦虑或生气的能力 ·be anxious about sth/for sb为某事/某人担心 be anxious to do sth渴望做某事 ·with anxiety＝anxiously担心地 (1)He closed his eyes and lay still，trying to get rid of the inner anxiety(anxious)． (2)Obviously，people who are under pressure tend to be anxious about their work and life. (3)I’m indeed anxious to get(get) the precious opportunity and looking forward to your early reply. [写作佳句] (4)他正焦急地等待着结果，如坐针毡。 He is waiting for the results with anxiety/anxiously as if he were on pins and needles. distance v．使与……保持距离，撇清和……的关系 n．距离，间距；远处；遥远；疏远(distant adj.遥远的；冷漠的) [教材原句P57] For example，you can begin with expressions such as Why don’t we...？How about...？or use a past tense to distance yourself from the suggestion：I was wondering whether...例如，你可以用诸如“我们为什么不……呢？”“……怎么样？”这样的表达方式开头，或者使用过去时态来使你和所提的建议保持一定的距离感：“我在想是否……” ·distance oneself from使自己远离……；与……疏远 ·in the distance在远处，在远方 at a distance (of)在远处；在……远的地方；隔一段距离 within walking distance在步行距离内 keep sb at a distance对某人冷淡，与某人疏远 (1)选用恰当的短语补全短文 Last weekend I went to climb up a hill.On the top，I could see a beautiful lake in the distance.I decided to reach there.After walking for a while，I found a small wooden house at a distance of about 500 meters from the path.Finally，I arrived at the lake，and to my surprise，there was a small village within walking distance.The villagers were friendly and I had a great time. (2)He answered my question in a very distant(distance) voice，which made me upset. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之建议信)了解到其他同学总是疏远你，我写信给你一些建议。 Learning that other students always keep you at a distance/distance themselves from you，I am writing to offer you some suggestions. fortune n．大笔的钱，巨款；机会；运气；命运(fortunate adj.幸运的；侥幸的 fortunately adv.幸运地 unfortunate adj.不幸的 unfortunately adv.不幸地) [教材原句P59] The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune.第二天早上，我就要动身前往西部去赚大钱了。 ·try/seek one’s fortune找出路；碰运气 make a/one’s fortune 发财 have the good fortune to do sth有幸做某事 ·be fortunate to do/in doing sth有幸做某事 (1)Curious about the outside world，he once set off for New Orleans to make a fortune. (2)There was a robbery at her apartment yesterday，but fortunately(fortunate) no one got hurt. [写作佳句] (3)我有幸得到一次沿丝绸之路旅行的宝贵机会。 ①I am fortunate to get/in getting a precious opportunity to travel along the Silk Road.(fortunate) ②I have the good fortune to get a precious opportunity to travel along the Silk Road.(fortune) turn up 出现，露面；卷起，竖起；调高 [教材原句P60] I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight，and it’s worth it if my old partner turns up.今晚，我从千里之外赶来站在这扇门前，只要我的老朋友出现，这一切就都是值得的。 turn down拒绝；调低 turn out结果是；生产；制造 turn to求助；翻到；查阅 turn in上交 turn on打开 turn off关上 turn over打翻；移交 用恰当的短语填空 (1)You needn’t have turned off the radio；just turning the volume down is OK. (2)If you have any questions，don’t hesitate to turn to me for advice. (3)My patient broke an appointment and didn’t turn up at the appointed time. (4)The cat jumped onto the table，turned over the cage and tried to catch the bird. (5)(2023·全国乙)As it turned out，Douglas did exactly what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she defeated two Russians. [写作佳句] (6)很抱歉拒绝了邀请，但今晚我真的有一个重要的演讲要发表。 I’m sorry to turn down the invitation，but I really have an important speech to deliver tonight. appointed adj.约定的，指定的(appoint vt.任命；委派；约定 appointment n．约会；约定，预约；委任) [教材原句P61] Bob，I was at the appointed place on time.鲍勃，我准时到达了约定的地点。 ·appoint sb (as)．..任命某人(为)…… appoint sb to do sth委派某人做某事 ·make/have an appointment with sb与某人约会/预约 keep/break an appointment守约/违约 (1)I regret to tell you that I can’t travel to Nanjing with you at the appointed(appoint) time. (2)Good morning，I’d like to make an appointment(appoint) for next Wednesday afternoon. (3)Intelligent and capable，the lawyer is often appointed to take(take) on some challenging tasks. [写作佳句] (4)(应用文写作之祝贺信)得知你被任命为学生会主席，我写信表示祝贺。 Learning you’ve been appointed (as) chairman of the student council，I’m writing to show my congratulations. strike v．(struck，struck/stricken)划(火柴)；侵袭；袭击；打，击中；打动，吸引；突然想起；(时钟)敲响；罢工 n．罢工 [教材原句P61] When you struck the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the man wanted in Chicago.当你划燃火柴去点雪茄时，我看到那正是芝加哥警方在通缉的那个人的脸。 [人教版] The undersea quake struck around 7：00 a．m.，Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia’s Sumatra Island.这场海底地震于周日上午 7 点左右发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西海岸附近海域。 ·sth strikes sb某人突然想到…… It strikes sb that...某人突然想到…… be struck by/with...被……打动；迷恋…… strike sb in/on＋the＋身体部位　击打某人某部位 ·be on/go on strike在/举行罢工 (1)Not until all the demands had been turned down did the workers decide to go on strike. (2)I was deeply struck by/with his inspiring speech and decided to focus on my study from then on. (3)The robber struck the victim on the head with a stick，and then ran away quickly. [写作佳句] (4)我突然想到一个好主意，我们可以在即将到来的暑假开始一次冒险之旅。 A good idea struck me that/It struck me that we could start a trip of adventure in the coming summer holiday. ashamed adj.感到不好意思的，难为情的(shame n．羞耻；羞愧；憾事 shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的；不体面的 shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的) [教材原句P62] “Was he ashamed of having a friend like me？” Bob longed for an answer.“他会为有我这样一个朋友而感到羞愧吗？” 鲍勃渴望得到一个答案。 [人教版] They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.他们可能还会用手捂住脸，就好像他们感到尴尬或羞愧一样。 ·feel/be ashamed of为……感到羞愧 be ashamed to do...耻于做……；因做……而羞愧 ·It’s a shame that...……是令人遗憾的事。 to one’s shame令某人感到羞耻的是 (1)Only those who have no sense of shame can do such shameful/shameless things.(shame) (2)We ordinary people are often ashamed of our shortcomings，mistakes，or failures. (3)I am ashamed to admit(admit) that I’ve never read any of his inspiring stories. [写作佳句] (4)我没能如期参加你的婚礼真是令人遗憾。 It was a shame that I failed to attend your wedding on schedule. surroundings n．周围的事物，环境(surround vt.包围；围绕；环绕 surrounding adj.周围的) [教材原句P63] Settings：time，location and descriptions of the environment or surroundings help your readers picture the scene.背景设定：时间、地点以及对环境或周遭情况的描述能帮助你的读者在脑海中勾勒出场景画面。 surround...with...用……围住…… be surrounded by/with...被……围着/包围 (1)To our delight，my father surrounded our house and garden with a fence. (2)As soon as the criminal got off the train，he was surrounded by a group of policemen. (3)[人教版] Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings(surround)． [写作佳句] (4)绿树掩映，这座农场坐落于我们学校附近的山脚下。 Surrounded by/with green trees，the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school. have sth done [教材原句P60] We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made，whatever they were going to be. 我们当时觉得，不管要做什么，二十年的时间足够自己找到出路、挣到钱。 [结构分析] 此句是复合句，that引导宾语从句，作figured 的宾语，该从句中whatever 引导让步状语从句。 have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made为“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 ·“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构包括： have sth done让别人做某事；使某事/物被…… have sb do sth让某人做某事 have sb/sth doing sth使某人/某物一直做某事 won’t/can’t have sb doing sth不能容忍某人做某事 ·have sth to do有某事要做 (to do为不定式作定语) (1)经理承诺他们会立即把家具送到我们家。 The manager promised that they would have the furniture delivered to our house immediately. (2)我不允许你以如此粗鲁的方式跟你妈妈说话；你现在必须向她道歉。 I can’t have you speaking to your mom in such a rude manner；you must apologise to her right now. (3)很抱歉让你等了这么长时间，但我有一件紧急的事情要处理。 I am terribly sorry to have you waiting for such a long time，but I have an urgent thing to deal with. Ⅰ.品句猜词 1．The fans poured out of the stadium cheering wildly，which was a splendid scene.v.不断涌向 2．The first part of the movie really dragged and audience gradually lost interest.vi.进行很慢 3．Last week，I decided to work out at the gym every other day.锻炼，健身 4．With the clock striking① nine，it struck② me that my brother would be on strike③ together with his colleagues. ①v.(钟)敲　②v.突然想到　③n.罢工 Ⅱ.单词拼写 1．As the saying goes，strike while the iron is hot. 2．To be honest，you’ll make a fortune out of the investment. 3．He dragged himself out of bed and had to quickly pack his schoolbag for class. 4．Our business partners(伙伴) postponed the launch of the new product due to market changes. 5．We had hustled through various scenes(场景) in this city and finally found a suitable place to live. 6．The rain poured down on the ordinary(普通的) small town，making the streets wet and quiet. Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1．He is an interesting person whose speech is always very humorous(humor)． 2．The quality of the goods does not correspond with/to what they have promised. 3．Her outgoing personality(person) brings her a lot of friends who brighten up her life. 4．My chum and I arrived at the appointed(appoint) place for fishing，and we enjoyed ourselves there. 5．It is a great comfort to patients to be close to their beloved ones. 6．The teenager is a humorous girl with patience(patient) and imagination. 7．Looking around anxiously(anxious)，the criminal almost burst out crying. 8．The donor’s generosity(generous) in providing these books to the local library is highly appreciated. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 The short story “After Twenty Years” is set in New York on a cold，dark night.Everything was very quiet.A police officer 1.on duty found a man with a scar on his face outside “Big Joe” Brady’s，and they started to have 2.a chat.The man was waiting for his best chum and the 3.finest(fine) chap，Jimmy Wells.One night twenty years ago，they dined at “Big Joe” Brady’s.They 4.were raised(raise) together in New York and got on very well.5.To make(make) his fortune，he was to start for the West while Jimmy Wells stayed in New York.6.It was on that night that they agreed to meet there again，no matter 7.what their conditions might be or from what distance they might have to come.They figured that in twenty years each of them ought to have their destiny 8.worked(work) out and their fortunes made.At first，they kept up a 9.correspondence(correspond) for a year or two，and then they lost track of each other.10.Hopefully(hopeful)，he believed Jimmy Wells would turn up as promised，and he would be waiting for him there. 作业4 [分值：77.5分] Ⅰ.短语填空(共6小题；每小题2.5分，满分15分) 1．When the sports hero turned up(出现) at our party，he was welcomed with open arms. 2．He moved to the big city and made his fortune(发财) by hustling in the business world. 3．After hours of thinking，I finally had the solution to the math problem worked out(计算出)． 4．They figured that(认为) they ought to complete the project in no more than three months. 5．The two partners went up to(向……走去) the teacher and asked about the plan for the coming festival. 6．Hearing from(得到……的消息) the team that they had won created a joyful atmosphere in the whole school. Ⅱ.主题微写作——结识新朋友，适应新环境(满分15分) 1．我很高兴昨天收到你的来信。(hear from) I am glad to hear from you yesterday. 2．得知你在适应新的学校生活方面有很大的困难，我很担心你。(be anxious about) Learning that you have great difficulty adapting to the new school life，I am quite anxious about you. 3．我写信给你一些关于如何快速适应新环境的建议。(surroundings) I am writing to give you some suggestions on how to quickly get used to the new surroundings. 4．最重要的是找到一个与你性格相同的伙伴。(partner；personality；定语从句) The most important one is finding a partner who/that shares the same personality with you. 5．我相信如果你采纳了上面的建议，你就可以让你的尴尬处境得到改善。(have sth done) I am confident that you can have your awkward situation improved if you take the above suggestions. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A (2025·江苏徐州高一上期中) Having friends alone isn’t enough for good health—regular in-person interactions are necessary.A study of almost 13,000 individuals revealed that meeting friends in person at least once a week was closely connected to improved mental and physical well-being，while virtual(虚拟的) communication，like texting or calling，didn’t provide the same benefits. Researchers discovered that in Japan men who saw their friends rarely had a 30% higher risk of death compared to those who met more often.While it’s possible that healthier people are simply more likely to socialize，the link between regular in-person contact and better health is clear，especially as more people turn to online communication.According to the American Time Use Survey，time spent with friends has dropped sharply in recent years. Social interaction helps lower the risk of diseases such as heart disease，stroke，and even cancer.Julianne Holt Lunstad，a neuroscientist，explains that social connections are consistently linked to better health.Friends can encourage healthy habits and share important information，like where to get a flu shot，says Eric Kim，a professor of psychology. Interestingly，our sense of smell may also play a part in face-to-face interactions.Research suggests that body smell can communicate emotions like fear or happiness，and smelling the scent of a loved one has been shown to reduce stress.In one study，people who smelled a friend’s T-shirt stayed calmer in stressful situations.Additionally，in-person meetings seem to benefit the immune system.The study found that face-to-face contact improved the function of genes linked to the immune system，while online interactions didn’t have the same effect. Although texting or sending photos through social media can help keep friendships alive，for deeper，more meaningful connections，we need more than just seeing someone on a screen.Using other senses，such as smell，is a key part of these interactions，even if we don’t realize it.“It makes all the difference，” says Groot. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了面对面交流对健康的好处，包括减轻压力、提高免疫系统功能等，强调了面对面交流在建立更紧密关系中的重要性。 1．What leads to improved health according to the study? A．Increased social media interactions. B．Regular face-to-face meetings with friends. C．Joining in physical activities with friends. D．Exchanging information through virtual communication. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A study of almost 13,000 individuals...meeting friends in person at least once a week...and physical well-being”可知，定期与朋友面对面会面可以改善健康。故选B。 2．What benefits of in-person meeting with our friends are mentioned in the study? A．Reduced stress and improved physical health. B．Improved memory and reduced risk of disease. C．Balanced diet and increased physical strength. D．Better immune function and reduced use of technology. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Research suggests that body smell can communicate...shown to reduce stress.”可知，面对面交流可以减轻压力；根据第四段中“Additionally，in-person meetings seem to benefit the immune system.”可知，当面交流还能增强免疫系统，改善身体健康。故选A。 3．What does Groot mean by “It makes all the difference” in the last paragraph? A．Using more senses creates closer relationships. B．Seeing someone on a screen offers similar benefits. C．Smell is important for building stronger connections. D．Regular social media contact keeps friendships alive. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Although texting or sending photos...’It makes all the difference，’ says Groot.”可推知，Groot认为使用包括嗅觉在内的多种感官可以建立更亲密的关系，使得人与人之间的交流变得完全不同。故选A。 4．How does the author support the main points? A．By discussing trends in social media use and their impact on friendships. B．By sharing personal stories and experiences related to communication. C．By explaining differences between virtual and in-person communication. D．By providing research studies and expert opinions. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。通读全文尤其根据第一段中“A study of almost 13,000 individuals revealed...”、第三段中“Julianne Holt Lunstad，a neuroscientist，explains that...”、第四段中“Research suggests that...”可推知，作者是通过提供研究报告和专家意见来支持论点。故选D。 B(此篇精读) (2025·江苏宿迁高一上期中) Friendships can have a major influence on your health and happiness，but it’s not always easy to develop or maintain friendships.It’s necessary to understand the importance of social connection in your life and how to meet new friends. Good friends are good for your health.Friends can help you celebrate good times and provide support during bad times.Friends prevent isolation and loneliness and give you a chance to offer companionship，too.Friends also play an important role in improving your overall health.Adults with strong social connections have a reduced risk of many serious health problems，including depression，high blood pressure and an unhealthy body mass index(BMI)，and they can even live longer. Despite those benefits，many adults find it hard to keep up existing friendships or develop new friendships.Friendships may give way to other priorities，such as work or caring for children or aging parents.You and your friends may have grown apart due to changes in your lives or interests.Or maybe you’ve moved to a new community and haven’t yet found a way to meet people.Maintaining and developing good friendships takes effort.The enjoyment and comfort friendship can provide，however，makes the investment worthwhile. So，what are some ways to meet new friends? It’s possible to develop friendships with people who are already in your social network.Think through people you know of—even very casually.Who made a positive impression? If anyone interests you and you’d like to know better about him or her，reach out.Ask mutual friends to share the person’s contact information，or—even better—to reintroduce the two of you with a text，email or in-person visit. To meet new people who might become your friends，you have to go to places where others are gathered.The broader your efforts are，the greater your chance of success is.Take an active action rather than waiting for invitations to come your way and keep trying. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了友谊对人的好处，发展和维持友谊可能会遇到的困难，以及结交新朋友的一些方法。 5．What does the underlined word “isolation” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Challenge. B．Relaxation. C．Separation. D．Determination. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Friends can help you celebrate good times and provide support during bad times.”可知，此处是从陪伴的角度介绍友谊的好处，画线词所在句则指出朋友可以防止……和孤独，由此可推知画线词意思应该是“分隔，孤立”，与separation意思一致。 故选C项。 6．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．Suggestions on how to make friends. B．Friendship can benefit people’s health. C．Friendship can help people live longer. D．Support from friends during tough times. 答案　B 解析　段落大意题。根据第二段“Good friends are good for your health.Friends...also play an important role in improving your overall health...and they can even live longer.”可知，第二段从身心两方面介绍了友谊有益于人的健康。故选B项。 7．How many difficulties in developing and maintaining friendships are mentioned in paragraph 3? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Friendships may give way to other priorities...You and your friends may have grown apart due to changes in your lives or interests.Or maybe you’ve moved to a new community and haven’t yet found a way to meet people.”可知，第三段提到了发展和维持友谊的三种困难：让位于其他优先事项、生活或兴趣变化导致疏远、搬家。故选B项。 8．Which of the following way of making friends is mentioned in the passage? A．Wait for invitations to come your way. B．Make one strategy for meeting people. C．Contact those who ever impressed you a lot. D．Share your personal contact information online. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Who made a positive impression? If anyone interests you and you’d like to know better about him or her，reach out.”可知，文中提到的交友方法是联系那些曾经给你留下深刻印象的人。故选C项。 [词汇积累] 1．company n．公司；陪伴→companion n．伙伴；同伴→companionship n．情谊，友谊→accompany v．陪伴 2．priority n．优先事项，首要事情；重点 3．investment n．投资；投入 4．mutual adj.共有的，共同的 5．introduce v．介绍，引见→reintroduce v．再引入；再介绍 [句式分析] To meet new people who might become your friends，you have to go to places where others are gathered. 分析：To meet new...friends为不定式作目的状语，其中关系代词who引导限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，关系副词where引导限制性定语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。 翻译：为了结识可能成为你朋友的陌生人，你必须去其他人聚集的地方。 Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) How to Write a Diary? Diaries are wonderful objects that allow you to discuss your emotions(情感)，record dreams or ideas，and recall daily life in a safe，private space. 1 ，there are some basic tricks you can use to get the most out of your writing.If you aren’t sure what to write about，using prompts(提示) like inspirational quotes can help get started on new entries. 2 .Think about everything that happened that day and record any highlight or feeling that stands out to you.Even if you had a pretty standard day，you might be surprised by deeper thoughts and feelings that come up as you write details about your day. Think about your future goals and how you will achieve them.Make a list of your short-term and long-term goals. 3 .Breaking up each goal into smaller tasks that you can work on can make your goals feel less impossible.For example，you could write short-term goals like studying for your math exam or hitting the gym for a healthy body.Long-term goals would be something like choosing and applying to colleges or saving up money to buy a car. Put down your current feelings or emotions. 4 .Instead，just focus on exactly describing what they are.You can then use those feelings and thoughts as prompts for creating detailed diary entries.Work on one thought or emotion at a time and explore it as fully as you can. Explore your favorite subjects or hobbies in-depth.Make a list of topics that you love or your favorite hobbies.You might love movies，sports，food，travel，art，or fashion.The subjects can be anything you want，as long as they interest and inspire you. 5 . A．Write the events of your day B．If writing every day seems out of reach C．While there’s no single，standard way to write a diary D．Choose a specific time each day to write in your diary E．Don’t worry about providing any context for your emotions F．Then，choose one subject from the list and create a diary entry about it G．Then，go through each goal on the list and write in detail about your plan to achieve the goal 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章讲述了写日记的好处以及写日记的不同方式。 1．答案　C 解析　上文“Diaries are wonderful objects that...daily life in a safe，private space.”强调了写日记的好处，下文“there are some basic tricks you can use to get the most out of your writing”讲写日记的基本技巧，该空应该就如何写日记的一些方法和技巧提出相关建议，C选项与下文形成让步关系，表明虽然没有单一、标准的方法写日记，但有一些基本技巧。故选C项。 2．答案　A 解析　根据下文“Think about everything that happened...as you write details about your day.”可知，本段强调的是写日记的内容可以是记录一天中发生的事情，故选A项。 3．答案　G 解析　根据上文“Think about your future goals...short-term and long-term goals.”和下文“Breaking up each goal into...goals feel less impossible.”可知，该空承上启下讲如何实现未来目标的步骤，G选项中“each goal on the list”和“achieve the goal”是关键词，呼应上下文内容。故选G项。 4．答案　E 解析　由上文“Put down your current feelings or emotions.”和下文“Instead，just focus on...for creating detailed diary entries.”可知，本段强调的是写日记的时候可以写下自己当时的感觉或者情绪，在日记中可以将这些感觉和情绪作为撰写日记的提示，所以不用担心在日记中表露情绪，下文Instead提示词，E选项表明与下文相反的情况。故选E项。 5．答案　F 解析　由上文“Explore your favorite subjects or hobbies in-depth.”可知本段谈到要深入探索你最喜欢的主题或爱好，再结合上文“The subjects can be anything you want，as long as they interest and inspire you.”可知，该空要承接上文讲如何就最喜欢的主题写日记，F选项中“subject”是关键词。故选F项。 Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) (2025·广东中山高一上阶段练习) The Paris Olympics have turned the city’s famous landmarks into sports venues(场馆)，1.___________ (create) a culture-defining backdrop(背景) for the exciting events.This combination(结合) of architecture and 2. (compete) has left people with unforgettable memories. One of the standout venues is the Esplanade des Invalides，3. large space outside the Hotel des Invalides that is hosting the archery(射箭) events.The hotel has a history dating back over 300 years，which originally served 4. a hospital for the wounded and retired soldiers.Today，it includes history museums and monuments，as well as the tomb of Napoleon Bonaparte.Watching 5. (athlete) draw their bows and release arrows 6.__________ fly through the air against the backdrop of the ancient buildings is a sight to behold(奇观)． 7． (similar)，the shooting hall for the 2008 Beijing Olympics is a wonder of architectural design.The two-story venue features innovative(创新的) lighting，noise reduction and space design.Its outside surface 8. (cover) in brown，wood-like stripes(条纹)．As its architect from Tsinghua University said，the stripes represented a forest and were cleverly used 9._________ (provide) shade inside the venue. Sports venues both at Beijing and Paris Olympics show 10. (they) uniqueness—a mixture of modernity and history，sport and culture. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了巴黎奥运会将著名地标转变为体育场馆，把历史建筑和比赛相结合，创造出令人难忘的氛围，并与北京奥运会场馆的现代设计进行了对比。 1．答案　creating 解析　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词have turned，空处需用非谓语动词，逻辑主语The Paris olympics和create之间是主动关系，用现在分词creating作结果状语。故填creating。 2．答案　competition 解析　考查名词。根据空前的“architecture and”可知，空处需用名词形式competition“竞赛”与“architecture”并列，作介词of的宾语，句中指的是“竞赛”这一概念，用单数形式。故填competition。 3．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。根据空后的“large space”可知，空处表泛指，需用不定冠词表示“一个”，且large为辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 4．答案　as 解析　考查介词。serve as“充当；担任”，为固定短语。故填as。 5．答案　athletes 解析　考查名词复数。athlete“运动员”为可数名词，由后文“draw their bows and release arrows”可知，不止一个运动员，应用复数形式。故填athletes。 6．答案　that/which 解析　考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词arrows，在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 7．答案　Similarly 解析　考查副词。空处需用副词形式similarly来修饰整个句子，作状语，表示“同样地”。位于句首，单词首字母要大写。故填Similarly。 8．答案　is covered 解析　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空处是句子的谓语动词，陈述客观事实用一般现在时；主语“Its outside surface”与谓语动词cover“覆盖”之间构成被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为单数名词，故be动词用is。故填is covered。 9．答案　to provide 解析　考查非谓语动词。be used to do sth“被用来做某事”，为固定用法。故填to provide。 10．答案　their 解析　考查代词。此处修饰名词uniqueness应用形容词性物主代词形式their，作定语。故填their。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $