Unit 6 Period 2 Using language(1)—Grammar（配套课件PPT）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第一册学习笔记（外研版·新教材）

该高中英语课件聚焦“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，通过情境短文导入，让学生先感知加颜色部分的语法结构，再总结关系代词which/whom的用法规律，随后以“基本构成—介词选用原则—特殊用法”为脉络展开语法精讲，并配合即时演练搭建从感知到应用的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合主题“与自然和谐相处”，情境导读贴近学生生活，语法精讲用“一名二动三逻辑”口诀梳理介词选用，培养思维品质。达标检测和作业包含单句填空、语篇阅读（如亚马孙雨林、龙脊梯田）等多样题型，提升语言能力，同时渗透文化意识。学生能在应用中巩固语法，教师可借助清晰结构高效教学。

Period 2 Using language(1)—Grammar At one with nature Unit 6 1 内容索引 情境导读 语法精讲 达标检测 作业2 情境导读 阅读以下短文，体会加颜色部分，完成下面的练习 Our senior high school is a place ①in which there are many trees.Each spring，the headmaster plants trees with us in the garden，②many of which are transported from other cities.There are many buildings in our school，③the tallest of which is the teaching building.The library ④from which we borrow books is quite large.There are 300 teachers，⑤two thirds of whom are women.We have been in this school for 2 years，⑥during which we have learned a great deal of knowledge. 1.以上加颜色的定语从句都是由“ ”结构引导。 2.“介词＋关系代词”中的关系代词要么是 ，如①②③④⑥，其先行词一般是物；要么是 ，如⑤，其先行词一般是人。 返 回 介词＋关系代词 which whom 语法精讲 定语从句(三) 一、语法图解 二、基本构成 在“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词指物用which，指人用whom，不可用that或who代替which或whom。 Do you know the girl to/with whom our teacher is talking? 你认识正和我们老师谈话的那个女孩吗？ He handed me a pen with which I wrote down his phone number. 他递给我一支钢笔，我用它记下了他的电话号码。 [即时演练1]　单句语法填空 1.The city in I was born has changed a lot over the years. 2.The movie for he won an Oscar is one of his best works. 3.The person to I spoke just now is the manager of the company. 4.The woman with I worked on the project is now my close friend. which which whom whom 三、介词的选用原则 一名二动三逻辑： (1)“一名”——依据与先行词搭配的具体意义而定。 I’ll never forget the farm on which I spent my childhood in the country.我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过童年时光的那个农场。 I still remember the day on which I graduated from college. 我仍然记得我大学毕业的那一天。 (2)“二动”——依据定语从句中动词或形容词等所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。 Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is known. 昨天我们游览了西湖，杭州因其而出名。 This is the book about which we talked yesterday.这就是我们昨天谈论过的那本书。 (3)“三逻辑”——根据从句表达的意义和先行词的逻辑关系来确定。 The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.这种无色的、离开它我们就无法生存的气体叫作氧气。 Mr Field graduated in 2009，after which he entered a famous IT company. 菲尔德先生毕业于2009年，之后他进入了一家著名的信息技术公司。 [名师点津]　表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。 I have about 10 books，half of which were written by Mr Smith. 我有大约10本书，其中一半是史密斯先生写的。 [即时演练2]　单句语法填空 1.He is the kind of guy whom you can learn a lot. 2.I will never forget the day which we met for the first time. 3.Can you tell me the reason which you didn’t come to her birthday party? 4.Thank you for your help, which we couldn’t have finished the task on time. 5.Wind power is an ancient source of energy which we may return in the near future. from on for without to 四、“介词＋关系代词”的特殊用法 (1)“介词＋关系代词”前出现不定代词(all、both、none、neither、many、few等)、数词(分数、百分数等)及“the＋最高级/比较级”等，用来表示部分、数目等意义。 The event was organized by two people，neither of whom was a professional. 这次活动是由两个人组织的，他们都不是专业人士。 The football team has 15 members，the oldest of whom is 25 years old. 这支足球队有15名队员，其中年龄最大的是25岁。 (2)在定语从句中，有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用，如look after、look for等，也不能把介词移至which或whom之前。 The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.(误) The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(正) 护士们正在照顾的婴儿都很健康。 (3)在“the＋名词＋of＋关系代词”或“of＋关系代词＋the＋名词”结构中一定不能漏掉冠词the；在“whose＋名词”结构中一定不能加上冠词 the。 I live in the room，the windows of which face south. ＝I live in the room，of which the windows face south. ＝I live in the room，whose windows face south. 我住在那间窗户朝南的屋子里。 (4)引导定语从句的关系副词when、where、why在定语从句中分别作时间、地点、原因状语时，可根据其在句中的搭配关系，转换成相应的“介词＋which”结构。 It was the room where(＝in which) he had lived for ten years. 这就是他住了十年的房间。 The reason why(＝for which) he refused the invitation is not clear. 他拒绝这个邀请的理由还不清楚。 It was a special day when(＝on which) I saw the admirable person in my heart. 那是一个特殊的日子，在那天，我见到了我心中敬佩的人。 (5)the way后接定语从句时关系词的选择 the way作先行词，后接定语从句时，若关系词在从句中作状语，则用in which/that，或是省略；若关系词在从句中作宾语、主语等，关系词用which/that，且关系词在从句中作宾语时也可省略。 The way (in which/that) he treats children is very good. 他对待孩子们的方式非常好。 The way (which/that) you told me yesterday doesn’t work.你昨天告诉我的方法不管用。 [即时演练3]　完成句子 1.警察搜查了他们曾经住过的那所房子。 The police searched the house . 2.他因为粗鲁地对待老人而受到惩罚。 He was punished for the rude way . 3.这座城市有很多旅游景点，其中大多数都具有很高的历史价值。 There are many tourist attractions in the city, _______________________ _______________. in which/where they had stayed in which/that he treated the old most of which hold great historical value 4.这本书是给母语为汉语的儿童看的。 This book is designed for children _________________________________ ________________________. 返 回 the native language of whom/whose native language is Chinese 达标检测 Yesterday I visited Mr Smith,1. whom I often turned for help when I was in trouble in senior high school.We talked about the woods 2.____ which we often took a walk，the naughty boy 3.______ whom I often quarreled and the day 4. which I eventually graduated from school.Then he asked me the reason 5. which I came back to our small town instead of staying in big cities.I told him that though it was inconvenient to live in small towns，I preferred the atmosphere with 6._______ I was familiar and loved the people with 7. I grew up. Ⅰ.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的词 to in with on for which whom 1.这位老人有两个儿子，都是律师。 The old man has two sons, . 2.历史是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课程。 History is the subject in our school . 3.社交网络已经改变了我们交友的方式。 Social networking has changed the way . 4.小女孩正在读一本书，里面有很多卡通图片。 The little girl is reading a book, ___________________________________ ________. Ⅱ.用定语从句补全下列句子 both of whom are lawyers in which every student is interested (that/in which) we make friends in which/where there are many cartoon pictures 5.我不知道他昨天为什么没有来参加会议。 I don’t know the reason __________________________________________ __________. why/for which he didn’t show up for the meeting yesterday 返 回 作业2 1.Is she the girl whom you borrowed the dress yesterday evening? 2.I will never forget the day which I was admitted to a famous university. 3.The policeman whom Mr Henry is talking is a friend of mine. 4.My father is the first person whom I will turn for help when I meet difficulties. 5.Gun control is a subject which Americans have argued for a long time. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 from on with/about/to to about/over 6.Would you be kind enough to help the boy whom Chinese is really hard to learn? 7.Tidal power is a source of energy which we can depend in the near future. 8.The newly-built library，the walls which are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us. for on/upon of 1.我不认识刚才和汤姆谈话的那个女孩。 I don’t know the girl just now. 2.我不赞同你处理这个问题的方式。 I don’t agree with you are dealing with the issue. 3.我们想知道他们争吵的原因。 We’d like to know they argued with each other. 4.她带了三个朋友一起来，我以前都没见过他们。 She brought with her three friends, . Ⅱ.用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句完成句子 to/with whom Tom was talking the way in which the reason for which none of whom I had ever met before 5.屋顶在大火中被毁的这座建筑现已修复。 The building, was destroyed in a big fire，has been repaired. the roof of which/of which the roof If teenagers are bullied(欺负) by other students at school，they may experience a tough time 1. they may lose confidence and can’t concentrate on their study.The reasons 2. school bullying is not known by teachers and parents are as follows.Some may have trouble finding friends 3. they can talk about their problems. Others may think it useless to tell it to others.But actually，they can turn to parents and teachers,4. help the problem can be solved.The best way 5. we can prevent school bullying is to stop it by law and punish those who harm others. Ⅲ.用“介词＋关系代词”完成语段 during which for which to/with whom with whose in which A One of the most amazing experiences we had during our travels around the world was spending a night in the middle of the Amazon rainforest. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在亚马孙雨林中的奇妙经历，包括跟随向导在雨林中寻找宿营地、夜晚感受雨林中各种动物的声音以及乘船游览时看到众多动物等内容，展现了亚马孙雨林独特的魅力。 Ⅳ.主题语篇阅读 Our guide was Aparecida，a woman who was brought up in the middle of the dense rainforest.Since there are no trails，we had to cut our way through the jungle searching for a good place to spend the night.We followed her.As she was cutting the branches and other obstacles(障碍物)，it was like being in an adventurous movie.After a couple of hours，we found a big tree which seemed ideal to attach the hammocks(吊床) to.We cleared the ground around and hung up our hammocks. In the raining season you can expect a shower every day，so we had to be prepared for that，too.We wanted to sleep under the sky，so we built a small shelter in case it rained. When our fire was out，complete darkness came upon us，and this was the moment when the jungle around woke up.We started to hear louder and louder noise of crickets，small birds and monkeys.Many times we woke up during the night，when small branches or leaves fell into our hammocks.Sometimes the noise was really strong，especially when the howler monkeys were roaring in the distance.We could not sleep deeply，but we enjoyed listening to the music of the rainforest.It was an unbelievable experience. We got up at 4 am to see the sunrise.Aparecida took us to a small trail where we could get familiar with different herbs and unusual jungle fruits.On the way out of the jungle，we saw a deer crossing the road. Late we took a boat to a place where two rivers the Amazon and Tapajos join each other.In the short two-hour boat trip，we saw loads of animals：sloths，different parrots，colorful birds and iguanas.We enjoyed especially our encounter with the sloths，which move about so slowly on top of the trees，and when they see you they try to hide，but they do it so slowly that makes you smile. 1.Why did the author follow the guide Aparecida in the jungle? A.To shelter from a heavy rain. B.To play a role in a movie. C.To find a place for the hammocks. D.To walk through the Amazon rainforest. √ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Since there are no trails，we had to cut our way through the jungle searching for a good place to spend the night.We followed her...we found a big tree which seemed ideal to attach the hammocks(吊床) to.”可知，作者跟着向导阿帕雷西达在丛林中走是为了找一个挂吊床的地方。故选C项。 解析 2.What impressed the author most at night? A.The jumping skills of monkeys. B.The call of various animals. C.The fear of wild animals. D.The falling leaves into the hammocks. √ 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“We started to hear louder and louder noise of crickets，small birds and monkeys...Sometimes the noise was really strong，especially when the howler monkeys were roaring in the distance.We could not sleep deeply，but we enjoyed listening to the music of the rainforest.It was an unbelievable experience.”可知，夜晚最让作者印象深刻的是各种动物的叫声。故选B项。 解析 3.What did the author find interesting in the boat trip? A.The discovery of different herbs. B.The taste of jungle fruits. C.The slowly-moving sloths. D.The fast-running deer. √ 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“We enjoyed especially our encounter with the sloths，which move about so slowly on top of the trees，and when they see you they try to hide，but they do it so slowly that makes you smile.”可知，作者觉得乘船旅行中有趣的是行动缓慢的树懒。故选C项。 解析 4.What can be the best title for the text? A.Adventuring in the Amazon Rainforest B.Listening to Animal Sounds at Night C.Enjoying Beautiful Forest Scenery D.Sleeping in a Hammock in the Jungle √ 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章开篇提到在环游世界期间最令人惊叹的经历之一是在亚马孙雨林中过夜，接着详细描述了在雨林中的一系列活动，如跟着向导找宿营地、体验雨林夜晚的声音、早起看日出以及乘船游览看到众多动物等，整体是围绕在亚马孙雨林中的冒险经历展开的。所以A项是本文的最佳标题。故选A项。 解析 B(此篇精读) Within the mountains of Longsheng County in Guangxi，China，lies an agricultural masterpiece that has stood the test of time—the Longji Rice Terraces. This extensive network of terraced fields，often referred to as the Dragon’s Backbone，is a remarkable achievement of engineering that dates back to the Yuan Dynasty spanning(横跨) from the 13th to the 19th century. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是中国广西龙胜县的龙脊梯田。 The terraces were carved(刻) into the rugged mountainsides by the creative Zhuang and Yao people，who have maintained them for centuries. Covering an impressive 66 square kilometers，the Longji Rice Terraces rise from 300 meters to over 1,100 meters above sea level，creating a breathtaking tapestry(挂毯) of fields that go all the way down the slopes.The terraces are not merely an agricultural resource；they are a living cultural landscape that reflects the harmony between human intelligence and the natural environment. Throughout the year，the terraces mirrors the seasonal changes.In spring，they are filled with water for the planting season，creating a series of reflective pools that shining under the sun.During the summer，the fields are lush and green.As autumn approaches，the terraces are painted with the golden rice，signaling the harvest season.Winter brings a time of rest and preparation for the next year’s cycle. The Longji Rice Terraces have been recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site，acknowledging(承认) their unique cultural，historical，and agricultural value.The terraces are evidence to the sustainable(可持续的) agricultural practices of the past and a lighthouse of inspiration for the future. Visitors to the Longji Rice Terraces are treated to not only the feast for eyes but also the rich local culture.The Zhuang and Yao people offer a glimpse into their traditional way of life，complete with colorful festivals，distinctive(独特的) food，and elegant handicrafts(手工艺品).The terraces serve as a backdrop for various cultural events，including the Zhuang’s Song Festival and the Yao’s Hair Festival，both of which are celebrated with grand traditional ceremonies. 5.What is the historical significance of the Longji Rice Terraces? A.They were built to defend the region. B.They represent an ancient system of irrigation. C.They offered locations for the religious festivals. D.They were built during the Yuan and Qing Dynasties. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段的“This extensive network of terraced fields，often referred to as the Dragon’s Backbone，is a remarkable achievement of engineering that dates back to the Yuan Dynasty spanning(横跨) from the 13th to the 19th century.”可知，龙脊梯田的历史意义是它们建于元朝到清朝时期，是历史遗产。故选D项。 解析 6.What does the underlined word “mirrors” in paragraph three mean? A.Explains. B.Reflects. C.Follows. D.Influences. √ 词义猜测题。根据下文具体描述了龙脊梯田四季的不同景象可知，龙脊梯田反映出四季的变化，所以画线单词mirror的意思为“反映”，与reflect意思一致。故选B项。 解析 7.Why were the Longji Rice Terraces included by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site? A.For their contribution to global food production. B.For their influence on local economy and tourism. C.For their agricultural，historical，and cultural significance. D.For their role in promoting international cultural exchanges. √ 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The Longji Rice Terraces have been recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site，acknowledging(承认) their unique cultural，historical，and agricultural value.”可知，龙脊梯田被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产是因为它们的农学、历史和文化意义。故选C项。 解析 8.What’s the last paragraph mainly about? A.How the local people celebrate the traditional festivals. B.Why the Zhuang and Yao people built the Longji Rice Terraces. C.What visitors can expect to experience at the Longji Rice Terraces. D.Where can visitors go if they want to know more about the Zhuang and 　Yao people. √ 段落大意题。根据最后一段“Visitors to the Longji Rice Terraces are treated to not only the feast for eyes but also the rich local culture... grand traditional ceremonies.”可知，最后一段主要讲的是游客在龙脊梯田可以体验到什么。故选C项。 解析 1.extensive(派)＝extend＋sive adj.广阔的 2.remarkable(派)＝remark＋able adj.非凡的；不寻常的 3.signal(转)n.→v.发信号；预示 词汇积累 Covering an impressive 66 square kilometers，the Longji Rice Terraces rise from 300 meters to over 1,100 meters above sea level，creating a breathtaking tapestry of fields that go all the way down the slopes. 分析：此句为复合句。Covering...和creating...为现在分词短语作状语，that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰a breathtaking tapestry of fields。 翻译：龙脊梯田占地66平方千米，海拔从300米上升到1 100多米，形成了一幅一直延伸到山坡尽头的令人惊叹的稻田挂毯。 句式分析 Protecting Water Sources By now it’s clear that if we want to live on a planet with clean water， 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要表达了如果我们想生活在一个拥有清洁的水、新鲜的空气和多种植物和动物的星球上，就必须尽一切努力保护地球的健康的观点，并给出了如何保护水资源的具体的建议。 Ⅴ.七选五阅读 A.Save water at home. B.Conserve electricity at home. C.These items need to be dealt with properly. D.This causes problems for wildlife and humans alike. E.Join a community garden or make a plot in your backyard or on the balcony. F.Changing your personal habits regarding water and chemical usage is a great 　first step. G.Being environmentally friendly means having a lifestyle that helps the Earth 　more than you hurt it. √ fresh air，and a diversity of plants and animals，we have to do everything we can to protect the Earth’s health. 1 根据上文“By now it’s clear that if we want to live on a planet with clean water，fresh air，and a diversity of plants and animals，we have to do everything we can to protect the Earth’s health.”可知，如果我们想与自然和谐共处，就必须尽一切努力保护地球，选项G表明了要保护地球健康就要采取对地球有帮助的生活方式，承接上文；根据下文段落小标题和下文内容可知，下文对这种生活方式给出了具体的建议，G项衔接下文。故选G。 解析 A.Save water at home. B.Conserve electricity at home. C.These items need to be dealt with properly. D.This causes problems for wildlife and humans alike. E.Join a community garden or make a plot in your backyard or on the balcony. F.Changing your personal habits regarding water and chemical usage is a great 　first step. G.Being environmentally friendly means having a lifestyle that helps the Earth 　more than you hurt it. √ 　2　 It takes a lot of energy to bring water from rivers，groundwater，or whatever your local water source is into your home. 空处为第二段的段落小标题。根据第二段可知，该段主要建议人们在家要节约用水，选项A符合该段主题。故选A。 解析 Water must be pumped to a treatment plant，filtered and treated with chemicals to clean it，then pumped into your neighborhood so you can use it at home.Conserving(节约) as much water as possible reduces the stress this whole process puts on natural bodies of water in the environment. Use fewer chemicals. Chemicals washed down the drain(排水沟) or applied directly to the grass can pollute the water supply. A.Save water at home. B.Conserve electricity at home. C.These items need to be dealt with properly. D.This causes problems for wildlife and humans alike. E.Join a community garden or make a plot in your backyard or on the balcony. F.Changing your personal habits regarding water and chemical usage is a great 　first step. G.Being environmentally friendly means having a lifestyle that helps the Earth 　more than you hurt it. √ 3 Figure out which chemicals you can replace with something else so you can avoid washing the poisonous things down the drain. 根据空处上一句“Chemicals washed down the drain(排水沟)or applied directly to the grass can pollute the water supply.”可知，化学物质不恰当使用会污染水源，选项D中的“This”指代上句内容，进一步指出了这种行为造成的危害，语意合理，符合语境。故选D。 解析 Never dump harmful waste materials down the drain or into the grass. Paint，motor oil，ammonia，and other strong chemical solutions should not be dumped down the drain or into the yard，because they’ll get into the groundwater. A.Save water at home. B.Conserve electricity at home. C.These items need to be dealt with properly. D.This causes problems for wildlife and humans alike. E.Join a community garden or make a plot in your backyard or on the balcony. F.Changing your personal habits regarding water and chemical usage is a great 　first step. G.Being environmentally friendly means having a lifestyle that helps the Earth 　more than you hurt it. √ 4 Check your local sanitation department’s website to find out how to deal with the harmful waste.A specialized waste site will be of great help. 根据空处上一句“Paint，motor oil，ammonia，and other strong chemical solutions should not be dumped down the drain or into the yard，because they’ll get into the groundwater.”可知，选项C中的“These items”指代上句中的“Paint，motor oil，ammonia，and other strong chemical solutions”，补充说明了这些物品应该妥善处理，语意衔接合理。故选C。 解析 A.Save water at home. B.Conserve electricity at home. C.These items need to be dealt with properly. D.This causes problems for wildlife and humans alike. E.Join a community garden or make a plot in your backyard or on the balcony. F.Changing your personal habits regarding water and chemical usage is a great 　first step. G.Being environmentally friendly means having a lifestyle that helps the Earth 　more than you hurt it. √ 5 By conserving water in an everyday way，you’re doing your part and setting a good example for other people.But to truly make an impact，consider taking your efforts a step further. 根据下文“By conserving water in an everyday way，you’re doing your part and setting a good example for other people.But to truly make an impact，consider taking your efforts a step further.”可知，选项F中的改变个人用水习惯是指要在日常生活中节约用水，下文指出了这样做的意义，并提出了下一步的努力，故F项符合语境。故选F。 解析 Ⅵ.语法填空 (2025·广东惠州高一上期中) Beijing’s hutongs in 1. you can witness a living testament to the city’s diverse culture have a rich history dating back over 800 years. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北京胡同的历史、建筑特点及其对北京身份塑造方面的重要影响。 which 考查定语从句。此处是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词是Beijing’s hutongs，指物，空处作介词in的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 解析 The term “hutong”，originally meaning “water well” in Mongolian，reflected the need for access to water in the past.At first，these narrow alleys 2. 　　　 (design) to accommodate the city’s growing population. were designed 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。本句描述过去的事情，时态应用一般过去时，且主语alleys与design“设计”之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用were。故填were designed。 解析 The typical type of hutong architecture is the single-story courtyard (院子) houses known as siheyuan.These houses,3.___________(common) built around a central courtyard with rooms and living spaces branching off from it，have been the residential(住宅的) areas for people for centuries.The narrow alleys create a sense 4. community and promote social interaction among residents. commonly 3.考查副词。本空用副词commonly“通常”，作状语，修饰built。故填commonly。 4.考查介词。短语a sense of表示“一种……的感觉”。故填of。 解析 of One of the most famous hutongs is Nanluoguxiang，offering 5.____ unique mix of cultural experiences and commercial activities.There is a lot 6. (explore) in it. a 5.考查冠词。此处泛指“一种独特的文化体验和商业活动的结合”，且unique发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 6.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词，there be sth to do“有事情要做”，空处作后置定语，修饰a lot，应用explore“探索”的不定式。故填to explore。 解析 to explore Characterized by its narrow alleys lined with traditional shops and cozy cafes，it has become a hot spot for 7. (local) and tourists.Visitors can admire the traditional architecture，enjoy the local street food, 8._____ shop for traditional crafts and souvenirs. locals 7.考查名词复数。此处local意为“当地人”，当地人不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作for的宾语。故填locals。 8.考查连词。admire、enjoy和shop为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 解析 and Today，hutongs，with 9. (they) traditional architecture and layout，play a significant role in 10. (shape) Beijing’s identity. They offer a window into traditional Chinese architecture and lifestyle，reflecting the philosophy of harmony between nature and human life. their 9.考查代词。空处修饰名词短语traditional architecture and layout，应用形容词性物主代词their“它们的”，作定语。故填their。 10.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词，用shape“塑造”的动名词形式，作in的宾语。故填shaping。 解析 shaping 返 回 本课结束 $