Unit 1 Period 2 Using language(1)—Grammar（配套课件PPT）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第一册学习笔记（外研版·新教材）

该高中英语课件聚焦英语句子八种基本结构，通过“情境导读”让学生阅读“设定目标”主题短文，感知画线句子并归类至对应结构，搭建“感知—分析—语法精讲—即时演练”的学习支架，衔接前后知识脉络。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如情境导读在真实语境中提升语言理解，语法精讲通过例句对比和温馨提示深化结构分析。达标检测结合高考读后续写，即时演练分层巩固，助力学生掌握句式应用，教师可高效开展语法教学。

Period 2 Using language(1)—Grammar A new start Unit 1 内容索引 情境导读 语法精讲 达标检测 作业2 情境导读 阅读以下短文，感知画线的句子，并把句子序号写在下面表格中相应的句子结构后面 Setting goals is the first step in achieving them.①The tips below may help you. Set goals that can be achieved.Don’t push yourself to achieve more than what is possible.Instead，you should set goals based on your abilities and skills. Break big goals down into small ones.When you do so，②they will seem easier to reach.You will be proud of yourself when you realize each small goal.③This will also give you the encouragement to achieve your long-term goal. Write your goals on paper.It is a good idea to put your goals where you can see them.④You can place the list on your bedside table.Or you can stick it on your bedroom wall.This will remind you what you are working for and keep you focused. After you set a goal，it is important to stick to it and work hard towards it.⑤You may find achieving goals difficult.But ⑥you should not give up.Instead，stay positive and confident.⑦You will succeed in the end.⑧There will be many chances for you in the future. 返 回 主语＋谓语(SV) ____ 主语＋系动词＋表语(SVP) ____ 主语＋谓语＋宾语(SVO) ____ 主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(SVIODO) ____ 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(SVOC) ____ there be句型 ____ 主语＋谓语＋状语(SVA) ____ 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(SVOA) ____ ⑥ ② ① ③ ⑤ ⑧ ⑦ ④ 语法精讲 句子的基本结构 构成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。句子成分包括主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。句子成分构成了英语中各种各样的句子，其实英语中最基本的句式只有八种，其他各种句式都是由这八种基本句式演变而来的。八种基本句式如下： 1.主语＋谓语(SV) 这种简单句的谓语部分是不及物动词，意义很完整。这种句子没有被动语态。 门开了。 红日正在升起。 2.主语＋谓语＋宾语(SVO) 在这个结构中，谓语部分是及物动词，有些不及物动词后加上介词也可看成一个及物动词。 我的父亲教英语。 他拒绝帮助他们。 我们都知道地球围绕太阳转。 3.主语＋系动词＋表语(SVP) 在这个结构中，谓语动词必须是连系动词。 一些女孩非常兴奋。 这朵花闻起来很香。 我父亲的希望是我能经常回家。 [温馨提示]　主系表结构中常见的系动词有：be动词、感官类动词(look，smell，taste，feel，sound等)、表变化类动词(become, grow，get，turn，go，come等)、表保持类动词(remain，keep，stay等)。可充当表语的形式有： 名词、形容词、动词的-ing形式、 动词的-ed形式、 动词不定式、副词、介词短语和从句。 [即时演练1]　根据所学的句式结构写出下列句子的基本句式结构。 (1)Your story sounds interesting. (2)A Chinese painting exhibition will take place. (3)You should not give up studying. (4)His advice is of great help. (5)Tim said that he could speak Chinese. 答案　(1)主语＋系动词＋表语(SVP) (2)主语＋谓语(SV) (3)主语＋谓语＋宾语(SVO) (4)主语＋系动词＋表语(SVP) (5)主语＋谓语＋宾语(SVO) 4.主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(SVOO) 在这个结构中，谓语动词是及物动词，后接双宾语，间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。也可以把间接宾语置前，但需要在直接宾语前加介词to或for。 ＝Mr Smith lent his car to me. 史密斯先生把他的车借给了我。 ＝He offered his seat to me. 他把座位让给了我。 ＝Father bought a book for me. 父亲给我买了一本书。 [温馨提示]　双宾语的常见结构： (1)bring/give/hand/lend/pass/sell/show/take/teach/tell/write/offer/pay sb sth＝bring/give/hand/lend/pass/sell/show/ take/teach/tell/write/offer/pay sth to sb (2)buy/make/fetch/save/choose/sing sb sth＝buy/make/fetch/save/choose/ sing sth for sb 5.主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(宾语和宾补统称为复合宾语)(SVOC) 在这个结构中，谓语动词是及物动词，后面接宾语和宾语补足语。 老师让所有的窗户敞着。 我们正使我们的学校更美丽。 这个人让灯亮了一夜。 [温馨提示]　宾补用来补充说明宾语的身份、地位或所处的状态。可作宾补的有：名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等。常见常考的复合宾语结构有： (1)ask，want，like，allow，advise，teach，persuade 等＋宾语＋to do； (2)感官动词：see，watch，notice，observe，feel，hear等＋宾语＋省略to的不定式/现在分词/过去分词； (3)使役动词：let＋宾语＋省略to的不定式； make＋宾语＋省略to的不定式/过去分词； have＋宾语＋省略to的不定式/现在分词/过去分词。 注意：上述跟省略to的不定式作宾补的动词如果变成被动语态，省掉的to要加上。 She kept us waiting for her answer for over a week. 她让我们等她的答复等了一个多星期。 I often hear her sing a German song in her lovely voice. ＝She is often heard by me to sing a German song in her lovely voice. 我时常听到她用迷人的声音唱一首德语歌曲。 I will have all my clothes washed this afternoon. 今天下午我将把所有的衣服都洗完。 [即时演练2]　根据所学的句式结构写出下列句子的基本句式结构。 (1)You should tell the truth to me. (2)Mike told all the people present at the meeting not to go now. (3)I will have my bike repaired next week. (4)The professor gave an exciting lecture to us. (5)He showed me how to run the machine. (6)I found his design very impressive. 答案　(1)主语＋谓语＋直接宾语＋间接宾语(SVOO) (2)主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(SVOC) (3)主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(SVOC) (4)主语＋谓语＋直接宾语＋间接宾语(SVOO) (5)主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(SVOO) (6)主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(SVOC) 6.主语＋谓语＋状语(SVA) 所有的学生都在仔细地听着。 机器人厨师未来将出现在我们的家庭中。 7.主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(SVOA) 昨晚8点简在做作业。 那人把手臂举过头顶。 8.There be句型 山脚下有一个小池塘。 现在宿舍里没有任何学生。 [温馨提示]　在there be句型中，be的单复数与离它最近的名词的单复数保持一致，即遵循就近原则。be有时可以用seem to be、happen to be、appear to be、used to be替换。be动词还可以用live，remain，stand，exist等替换，用来表示“静止、存在”等概念。there be 句型可以和各种情态动词连用。 [即时演练3]　根据所学的句式结构写出下列句子的基本句式结构。 (1)The boy went home，hungry and tired. (2)There remains nothing more to be done. (3)The police refused to arrest that man without more evidence. (4)His parents have worked in the company for ten years. (5)He reached the station finally，only to be told the train had left. 答案　(1)主语＋谓语＋状语(SVA) (2)There be句型 (3)主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(SVOA) (4)主语＋谓语＋状语(SVA) (5)主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(SVOA) 返 回 达标检测 (2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)制作爆米花似乎比他们想的要难得多。他们发现挣钱不容易。他们告诉伯纳德(Bernard)不要担心。生活中总有些困难要去面对。最终，他们成功了，他们紧紧地相互拥抱，难以抑制内心的激动。他们尽情地笑着，眼里涌动着喜悦的泪水。 完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用简单句 Making popcorn 1. than they had thought.They found it not easy 2. .They 3._____________ ____________.4. to face in life.Finally, 5. and 6. tightly.They found it hard 7. .8. heartily and tears of joy welled up in their eyes. 返 回 seemed much more difficult to earn money told Bernard not to worry There were always some difficulties they succeeded they hugged each other to contain their inner excitement They laughed 作业2 Ⅰ.阅读下面短文，分析并写出画线句子的基本结构 答案　1.主语＋谓语＋宾语 2.There be句型 答案　3.主语＋系动词＋表语 4.主语＋谓语＋状语 答案　5.主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语 6.主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补 1.你将会成功。(主语＋谓语) _______________________________________________________________ 2.我们尚未决定什么时候再讨论这个问题。(主语＋谓语＋宾语) _______________________________________________________________ 3.奶奶昨晚送给我一个非常漂亮的布娃娃。(主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语) _______________________________________________________________ Ⅱ.单句写作 You will succeed. We haven’t decided when to discuss the problem again. Granny gave me a very beautiful doll last night. 4.现在这种活动在高中正变得很受欢迎。(主语＋系动词＋表语) _______________________________________________________________ 5.每天早上我们都能听到他大声朗读英语。(主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语) _______________________________________________________________ 6.过去十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大变化。(主语＋谓语＋状语) _______________________________________________________________ Nowadays this activity is becoming very popular in senior high school. Every morning we can hear him read English aloud. Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past ten years. 7.这个周末汤姆不打算去看电影。(主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语) _______________________________________________________________ 8.山顶上矗立着一棵古树。(There stand...) _______________________________________________________________ Tom is not going to see the film this weekend. There stands an old tree on the top of the mountain. A(此篇精读) (2025·湖南邵阳高一上阶段练习) School is，waking up early in the morning，whether it is hot or cold，putting on the school uniform and rushing to the bus stop to catch the school bus and getting used to the words，“Hurry up！You will be late！” You reach school and again you hear the same words，“Hurry up！” They do not let you rest in peace. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章描述了既紧张、繁忙又充满乐趣的学校生活。 Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读 Throughout the day，it is a mad rush.One period gets over，the other starts and you are ready for the second subject.When you forget to do your homework，you try to sit at the back and pretend to be looking for something on the floor or in your bag.You are lucky if you are not seen and it is bad luck if you get caught.If you are not lucky，be ready for a good scolding during break or after school.If you are lucky and your teacher is in a good mood，you may be left with a warning. However，school is not so dull all the time；the games，library periods and break are welcome time.When you can relax，joke and have fun with your friends，there are some teachers，too，who can make school very exciting.For example，Mr Taneja has a typical style of talking，making us always hooked on the playground. School can be fun，real fun，when picnics and field trips are organized.We wait for them eagerly and keep on requesting our class teacher to organize one for us.Debates，quizzes，cultural programs also add luster to an otherwise dull school life.Fun increases after real hard work and you tend to enjoy more than those who had been lazy and have wasted their time.I think this period of your life is the most wonderful period—full of dreams and hope. 1.What can we conclude(总结)according to the second paragraph? A.Some students hope to get away with their fault. B.Teachers should be more patient to their students. C.Some students dislike finishing their homework. D.Teachers should reduce(减少) the amount of homework. √ 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，有的学生忘记做作业，就会坐在后面假装找东西，这是为了不让老师看到自己、逃脱老师的批评，也就是希望推卸自己的责任，故选A。 解析 2.Which subject does Mr Taneja teach at school? A.Physics. B.Language. C.Chemistry. D.Physical Education. √ 推理判断题。根据第三段中“For example，Mr Taneja has a typical style of talking，making us always hooked on the playground.”可推知，Taneja先生是一名体育老师。故选D。 解析 3.What does the underlined word “luster” mean in the passage? A.Difficulty. B.Value. C.Fun. D.Trouble. √ 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“School can be fun，real fun，when picnics and field trips are organized.”，结合画线词所在句“Debates，quizzes，cultural programs also add luster to an otherwise dull school life.”中的“also”可知，组织野餐和实地考察很有趣，辩论、测验和文化节目也为沉闷的学校生活增添了乐趣，故luster意为“乐趣”。故选C。 解析 4.How is the school life described by the author in the passage? A.Dull and stressful. B.Stressful but interesting. C.Strict and fearful. D.Annoying but funny. √ 观点态度题。根据全文，特别是第一段和最后一段中“School can be fun，real fun，when picnics and field trips are organized.”可知，作者描述的学校生活是既有压力又有趣的。故选B。 解析 1.school uniform 校服 2.get used to 习惯于 3.in a good mood 心情好 4.have fun 玩得开心 5.hook(转)n.→v.钩住；吸引 6.tend to do sth倾向于做某事 词汇积累 1.For example，Mr Taneja has a typical style of talking，making us always hooked on the playground. 分析：此句是简单句。making us...是现在分词短语作后置定语；hooked是过去分词作宾语补足语。 翻译：例如，塔内贾先生说话风格独特，总是让我们在操场上听得入迷。 句式分析 2.Fun increases after real hard work and you tend to enjoy more than those who had been lazy and have wasted their time. 分析：此句是并列复合句。and连接两个并列句；who引导定语从句修饰those，在从句中作主语。 翻译：在真正的努力工作后，乐趣会增加，而且你往往会比那些懒惰和浪费时间的人更享受。 B (2025·山东泰安高一上期中) Danelien van Aalst at the University of Groningen and her co-workers have done research on how relative age(相对年龄) affects popularity among 14 to 15-year-olds. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了荷兰格罗宁根大学的Danelien van Aalst和她的同事调查发现年龄越大的学生越有可能被认为是受欢迎的。 Researchers surveyed more than 13,000 teenagers in England，Sweden and the Netherlands on who they thought was the most popular in their class.Then the researchers gave each student in their classroom a popularity score linked to their birth month as well as their age position in their class.They discovered this：the older the student was，the more likely he or she was to be considered popular. “A child enters school before or after a certain cut-off date and that determines how old or young you are relative to your year group，” says van Aalst.“We found that if you’re born right after the cut-off date，which makes you one of the oldest members of your class，you’re going to be popular.” They found that the same effect also applied at the year-group level.Here，it was the children who were the oldest relative to all of their peers in the year group—rather than just those in their own class—that were the most popular. All three countries showed roughly the same pattern(模式).However，at the classroom level，it was in the Netherlands that the pattern was the strongest.This is partly because the country has a system of grade retention—when students don’t meet their academic requirements，their teachers will hold them back a year，which means they then become the oldest in their class and often the most popular. This relative age effect has also been shown in other areas.“Relative age has earlier been proved to affect school performance—relatively older children do better in school，” says Herman van de Werfhorst at the University of Amsterdam.Similarly，previous research has shown that older children tend to be better at sports than younger students in the same year group. 5.How did the researchers know who the popular students were? A.By recording students’ performance. B.By studying earlier research results. C.By collecting answers from students. D.By comparing the ages of students. √ 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Researchers surveyed more than 13,000 teenagers...on who they thought was the most popular in their class. Then the researchers gave each student in their classroom a popularity score linked to their birth month as well as their age position in their class.”可知，研究人员通过收集学生的答案了解谁是受欢迎的学生。故选C项。 解析 6.What does the underlined word “that” refer to in paragraph 3? A.Popularity. B.Relative age. C.The survey data. D.The cut-off date. √ 代词指代题。根据上文“A child enters school before or after a certain cut-off date”以及下文“determines how old or young...”可知，that代指前文提到的事物，此处应是代指“cut-off date”。故选D项。 解析 7.What might happen to students held back a year in Netherlands? A.Their teachers would be happy to have them in the class. B.It would be difficult for them to pass the exams in Netherlands. C.They might gain more popularity than others in the same year group. D.They might be the most popular among the peers of the three countries. √ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“This is partly because the country has a system of grade retention—when students don’t meet their academic requirements，their teachers will hold them back a year，which means they then become the oldest in their class and often the most popular.”可知，在荷兰留级一年的学生成了班里年龄最大的学生，可能会比同一年级的其他人更受欢迎。故选C项。 解析 8.What does the passage mainly tell us? A.The older a child gets，the wiser he or she will be. B.Many students want to be held back to be popular. C.Older children are likely to perform better in school. D.Older children are often more popular than their younger peers. √ 主旨大意题。根据全文，特别是第一段以及第二段中“They discovered this：the older the student was，the more likely he or she was to be considered popular.”可知，本文主要讲述了荷兰格罗宁根大学的Danelien van Aalst和她的同事调查发现年龄越大的学生越有可能被认为是受欢迎的。故选D项。 解析 (2025·湖南怀化高一上期中) When it comes to success in school，setting goals is one of the most important steps students can take in achieving them.Setting goals provides a road map for students to follow. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章提供了一些实用的建议，帮助学生更有效地设定和实现目标。 Ⅳ.七选五阅读 A.Set goals for yourself. B.Do the most important tasks first. C.Instead，be confident and positive. D.Break down big goals into small ones. E.Here are several tips that may help you. F.Manage your time well and set deadlines. G.Don’t force yourself to achieve what is impossible. √ Setting goals also provides a clearer sense of purpose and direction.But how to set goals for you students？ 1 上文说明了在学校设定目标的重要性，紧接着提出了一个问题“But how to set goals for you students？”，E项“Here are several tips that may help you.”作为回答这个问题的引子，引出接下来要介绍的几个建议，符合题意，故选E。 解析 Set achievable goals. Once you have known your learning objectives，it is important to set goals based on your abilities and skills. 2 Having achievable goals ensures that you are able to know when you have achieved them. A.Set goals for yourself. B.Do the most important tasks first. C.Instead，be confident and positive. D.Break down big goals into small ones. E.Here are several tips that may help you. F.Manage your time well and set deadlines. G.Don’t force yourself to achieve what is impossible. √ 上文提到“Once you have known your learning objectives，it is important to set goals based on your abilities and skills.”，下文讨论如何设定可实现的目标。G项“Don’t force yourself to achieve what is impossible.”与上文相呼应，强调了不要强迫自己去做不可能实现的事情，即不要设定不切实际的目标，符合题意，故选G。 解析 Once you have achieved your goals，you can celebrate your successes.At the same time，goals should be written in a way，which will remind you of what you are working for. 　3　 Break big goals down into smaller pieces that are easier to reach.This can help to keep you active.This can also make you proud when realizing each small goal.Additionally，it’s far easier to hit a bunch of small goals leading to a larger one.This will also give you the encouragement to achieve your long-term goal. A.Set goals for yourself. B.Do the most important tasks first. C.Instead，be confident and positive. D.Break down big goals into small ones. E.Here are several tips that may help you. F.Manage your time well and set deadlines. G.Don’t force yourself to achieve what is impossible. √ 下文提到“Break big goals down into smaller pieces that are easier to reach.”，说明本段主要建议将大目标分解为小目标。D项“Break down big goals into small ones.”概括本段内容，与下文一致，符合题意，故选D。 解析 Set a timeline. 4 It is important to be realistic when setting a timeline.Setting a timeline helps you stay focused and make steady progress.So，the earlier you can start，the smoother your path to success will be. A.Set goals for yourself. B.Do the most important tasks first. C.Instead，be confident and positive. D.Break down big goals into small ones. E.Here are several tips that may help you. F.Manage your time well and set deadlines. G.Don’t force yourself to achieve what is impossible. √ 本段的小标题是“Set a timeline.”，说明接下来讨论的是设定时间线的重要性。F项“Manage your time well and set deadlines.”提供了关于如何管理时间和设定截止日期的建议，符合题意，故选F。 解析 Keep a positive attitude. It is important for you to stick to your goal and work hard towards it after you set a goal.While it can be difficult at first，setting goals can help to increase motivation(动力) and lead to greater results.So，you should not give up. 5 Success will belong to you in time. A.Set goals for yourself. B.Do the most important tasks first. C.Instead，be confident and positive. D.Break down big goals into small ones. E.Here are several tips that may help you. F.Manage your time well and set deadlines. G.Don’t force yourself to achieve what is impossible. √ 本段的小标题是“Keep a positive attitude.”，说明接下来讨论的是保持积极态度的重要性。根据上文“While it can be difficult at first，setting goals can help to increase motivation(动力) and lead to greater results. So，you should not give up.”可知，C项“Instead，be confident and positive.”承接上文，符合题意，故选C。 解析 (2025·湖北武汉高一上期中) If you’re a tea lover traveling to Beijing，come and visit the Lao She Tea House，one of China’s most famous tea houses.The tea house was named after the famous writer，Lao She. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了老舍茶馆——中国最著名的茶馆之一，详细描述了茶馆的装饰、氛围、茶品选择以及提供的文化体验。 Ⅴ.语法填空 Since it opened in 1988，it 1. (win) praise from both locals and visitors from other places. 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。win在句中作谓语动词，与主语it之间是主动关系，根据时间状语Since it opened in 1988可知，应用现在完成时态，主语是第三人称单数代词，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填has won。 解析 has won As you step inside，the decorations(装饰) 2. (immediate) take you to ancient China. The sense of calm from the traditional lanterns and wooden chairs 3. (be) especially enjoyable. immediately 2.考查副词。提示词修饰动词take，用副词immediately作状语，表示“立刻，马上”。故填immediately。 3.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。提示词作谓语，是系动词，描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为The sense，是单数名词，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is。 解析 is It is a perfect setting to relax and try different kinds of tea，4.________ famous Chinese green tea to oolong，black，and jasmine(茉莉). The tea menu is interestingly introduced by knowledgeable tea 5. (host). They are always happy to suggest a type of tea based on your 6._________ (prefer). from 4.考查介词。from...to...为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。故填from。 5.考查名词复数。可数名词host作介词by的宾语，结合下一句中的They指代tea host可知，设空处应用复数形式。故填hosts。 6.考查名词。提示词作宾语，用名词preference，意为“喜好，偏爱”，为不可数名词。故填preference。 解析 hosts preference In addition to tea，the Lao She Tea House offers unique(独特的) cultural experiences，including performances of traditional Chinese opera，acrobatics，and puppet shows，making it 7.______ must-visit place in Beijing.If you’ re lucky，you may even meet some famous people 8. visit the tea house regularly. a 7.考查冠词。place是可数名词，此处表示“一个必游的地方”，泛指，且must-visit是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 8.考查定语从句。“ visit the tea house regularly”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词some famous people，指人，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。 解析 who/that Overall，the Lao She Tea House perfectly combines culture，atmosphere and entertainment(娱乐).You can spend a relaxing afternoon 9. (explore) some of China’s finest tea there.The authentic(正宗的) experience of Chinese tea culture is sure 10. (impress) you. exploring 9.考查非谓语动词。spend＋时间/金钱＋(in) doing sth为固定搭配，意为“花费时间/金钱做某事”，用动名词作宾语。故填exploring。 10.考查非谓语动词。be sure to do sth为固定结构，意为“一定会做某事”。故填to impress。 解析 to impress 返 回 本课结束 When，I was afraid that no one would make friends with me. and I was afraid of speaking in front of my new teachers and classmates. What if I couldn’t do well in my studies? Would they laugh at me？ and .Later，I realized that I should change my mind.So I set goals for myself and tried my best to realize them. Besides，.Finally I got on well with my classmates and became confident. . $