Unit 1 A new start（知识清单）英语新教材外研版七年级上册

该初中英语单元知识清单围绕“Unit 1 A new start”主题，系统整合了校园学习、个人认知、人际沟通等场景词汇，动词短语、介词短语等实用短语，交际句型、核心语法及写作指导，构建了从基础词汇积累到语法应用再到写作输出的递进式学习支架。 清单通过主题分类、语法表格、写作框架等方式呈现知识体系，如将人称代词与物主代词制成对比表，标注用法区别，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。特别设计“易错点辨析”模块，如“point out/point to/point at”用法对比，搭配对点训练题，助力不同水平学生高效掌握。教师可依托清单设计分层教学，学生能自主梳理知识，提升学习能力。

Unit 1 A new start 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、初中校园学习 & 课堂场景： 1. ___________ (n.句子) __________________________________________________________________ (我们的英语老师陈老师把这个句子写在黑板上，说道：“请把它写下来。”) 2. ___________ (v.（用手或细的物体）指) __________________________________________________________________ (但是指出这个错误合适吗？) 3. ___________ (n.错误) __________________________________________________________________ (不要害怕犯错。) 4. ___________ (n.意义，意思，含义) __________________________________________________________________ (但之后我思考了这句话的含义。) 5. ___________ (n.家庭作业，功课) __________________________________________________________________ (今天有很多家庭作业。) 6. ___________ (n.工作，任务) __________________________________________________________________ (每天列出你的任务以及每项任务对应的时间。) 7. ___________ (n.（学校的）课题，研究项目) __________________________________________________________________ (一个课题可能要花费数周时间。) 8. ___________ (adj.小学教育的，初级教育的) __________________________________________________________________ (小学时光就像一方小水塘。) 二、个人思考认知 & 学习成长感悟： 1. ___________ (n.头脑；思想，思维) __________________________________________________________________ (初中学习新知识时，我们应当保持开放的思维)。 2. ___________ (n.事实；真相) __________________________________________________________________ (学而不思则罔是一个事实。) 3. ___________ (v.记住，记得) __________________________________________________________________ (请永远记住这一点。) 4. ___________ (adj.重要的，重大的) __________________________________________________________________ (在学习中多思考是十分重要的。) 5. ___________ (n.意见，主意，观点) __________________________________________________________________ (我们想和你分享一些想法。) 6. ___________ (v.希望，期望，指望) __________________________________________________________________ (我们希望它能在未来的日子里帮助到你！) 三、校园生活难题规划 & 人际建议沟通： 1. ___________ (adj.有礼貌的，客气的) __________________________________________________________________ (在第一堂课上这么做有礼貌吗？) 2. ___________ (v.需要) __________________________________________________________________ (新生需要为自己的空余时间制定合理计划。) 3. ___________ (v.计划) __________________________________________________________________ (规划我的时间对我来说很难。) 4. ___________ (n.问题，难题；困难) __________________________________________________________________ (你将会遇到新的难题。) 5. ___________ (n.意见，建议；忠告，劝告) __________________________________________________________________ (学生会会为新生提供实用的建议。) 四、成长旅途比喻 & 自然环境意象: 1. ___________ (n.旅行，旅程；历程过程) __________________________________________________________________ (在你的成长旅途开启之前) 2. ___________ (n.水塘，水洼) __________________________________________________________________ (之后我们把小小的纸船放进了水塘里。) 3. ___________ (v.保护；防护) __________________________________________________________________ (爸爸妈妈曾为你的小船遮挡大风。) 4. ___________ (n.风) __________________________________________________________________ (今天的风很大。) 5. ___________ (adj.宽的，宽阔的) __________________________________________________________________ (但初中就像一条河流，河面宽阔，水流湍急。) 6. ___________ (v.驾驶（船只）) __________________________________________________________________ (但有些时候，你需要独自驾船前行。) 7. ___________ (n.暴风雨（雪）) __________________________________________________________________ (你会穿越暴风雨，向着大海前行。) 8. ___________ (n.生活) __________________________________________________________________ (你准备好迎接新生活了吗？) 五、代词、介词、动作副词: 1. ___________ (prep.缺乏，没有) __________________________________________________________________ (不仔细阅读，你就发现不了错误。) 2. ___________ (pron.她的) __________________________________________________________________ (我的目光对上了她的目光。) 3. ___________ (adv.确实地，的确) __________________________________________________________________ (那确实是一堂意义非凡的课！) 短 语 一、动词短语 1. ______________________ (写下，(在纸上) 记下) __________________________________________________________________ (请把它记下来。) 2. ______________________ (指出，指明) __________________________________________________________________ (于是我举起手，指出了这个错误。) 3. ______________________ (跳入；跳进) __________________________________________________________________ (一个个问题涌上我的心头。) 4. ______________________ (抬头看着) __________________________________________________________________ (我抬头看向陈老师，和她对视了。) 5. ______________________ (考虑) __________________________________________________________________ (但随后我思考了这句话的含义。) 6. ______________________ (向…… 学习；从…… 学到) __________________________________________________________________ (我们应该向孔子这样伟大的思想家学习。) 8. ______________________ (犯错；出错) __________________________________________________________________ (刚上初中的时候犯错是很正常的。) 9. ______________________ (好好利用；充分利用) __________________________________________________________________ (他们要如何充分利用自己的时间呢？) 10. ______________________ (努力学习；努力工作) __________________________________________________________________ (只管全力以赴，努力奋斗。) 二、介词短语 1. ______________________ (事实上) __________________________________________________________________（做得很好，王涵。事实上，这也是我给你们所有人上的第一课。） 2. ______________________ (渐渐地；慢慢地) __________________________________________________________________ (然后你就可以日复一日地去完成这些小任务。) 3. ______________________ (按时) __________________________________________________________________ (想要按时完成一个长期项目并不容易。) 三、名词修饰短语 1. ______________________ (各种各样的) __________________________________________________________________ (学生会举办各种各样的活动，比如文化节和运动会。) 2. ______________________ (例如) __________________________________________________________________ (学生会举办各种各样的活动，例如文化节和运动会。) 3. ______________________ (许多；大量) __________________________________________________________________ (今天有很多作业。) 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、校园学习交际： 1.Learning without thinking is of no use.（学而不思则罔。） 2.Please write this down.（请把这句话抄下来。） 3.Why aren't you writing, Wang Han?（王涵，你为什么不写呢？） 4.It's important to think more in your learning.（在学习中多思考很重要。） 5.It takes one month to finish a book report.（完成一篇读书报告需要一个月的时间。） 6.No pain, no gain.（一分耕耘，一分收获（不劳则无获）。） 二、询问求助与给出建议: 1.Can you give me some advice?（你能给我一些建议吗？） 2.Here's the first piece of advice.（这是第一条建议。） 三、个人身心情绪表达： 1.My mouth felt dry.（我感到口干舌燥。） 2.I didn't know what to do.（我不知道该怎么办。） 3.His clever words made me feel better.（他的妙语使我感觉好多了。） 四、人际互动对话： 1.He asked us to introduce ourselves.（他要求我们做自我介绍。） 2.Mr Pan just looked at me with a smile.（潘老师只是笑着看着我。） 3.Mia, do you remember your sixth birthday?（米娅，你记得你的六岁生日吗？） 4.We want to share some thoughts with you.（我们想和你分享一些想法。） 5.But sometimes you have to sail your boat by yourself.（但有时候你必须独自驾驶你的小船。） 语法 人称代词、物主代词 写作 介绍第一堂课 一、知识点精讲 1. What is junior high school life like?初中生活是什么样子的？ 【句型】 What's+sth.+like?某物是什么样子的?用于询问某物的特点、性质等。like此处用作介词，意为“像；……怎么样”。 -What's your house like? 你们的房子什么样？ -It's very big.它非常大。 拓展 ①“What's +sb. + like?”常用来询问某人的性格特征。 -What's your father like? 你爸爸是一个怎样的人? -He's very friendly. 他很友好。 ②“What + do/does + sb.+ look like?”" 用来询问某人的外貌特征。 -What does your brother look like? 你的哥哥长什么样？ -He is tall.他个子很高。 2. How many students are there in my class?在我的班上.有多少学生？ how many多少 后面接可数名词的复数形式，提问可数名词的数量。与are there连用构成特殊疑问句时，一般用“There is/are...”对询问的数量作出回答，也可以直接用基数词来回答。 -How many students are there in yourclass?你们班有多少学生？ -There are twenty-four.有24个。 3. I wrote down the first word and stopped.我写下了第一个单词，停了下来。 (1)write down写下;记下 “动词+副词”结构，人称代词作其宾语时，应放在write 与 down 中间。 The little girl liked the story so much that she wrote it down. 这个小女孩非常喜欢这个故事以至于她把它写了下来。 (2) stop ①(动词〕停止,停下(过去式:stopped) The train stopped in the end. 最后火车停了下来。 The driver stopped to give me a lift. 这个司机停下来让我搭车。 He stopped crying. 他停止了哭泣。 ②（名词）停止；车站 The bus came to a stop outside the school. 公共汽车在学校外面停了下来。 I get off at the next stop. 我在下一站下车。 4. But is it OK to point out the mistake?但是指出错误合适吗？ (1)point ont 指出；指明 “动词+副词”结构，其后接名词、代词或that从句作宾语，人称代词作其宾语时，应放在副词out 的前面。 I can point out the sights of Beijing for you.我可以为你们指出北京的景点。 Point it out! 把它指出来！ 拓展 point to 指向 to强调指的方向； point at指着at强调指的对象。 He pointed to the hill. 他指向那座山。 Don't point at people with a finger. 不要用手指指着人。 5. I looked up at Ms Chen.我抬头看着陈老师。 look up at抬头看…… look up此处意为“抬头往上看”,后跟看的对象时加介词at。 They all looked up at the sky. 他们都抬头看着天空。 Look up at the beautiful stars. 抬头看这些美丽的星星。 拓展 look down at 低头看…… My teacher looked down at me. 我的老师低头看着我。 6. I put up my hand. 我举起了手。 put up举起，抬高 为“动词+副词”型短语。put up one’s hand举手 He puts up his hand to ask a question.他举起手来问问题。 拓展 put up的其他常用含义： （1）搭建；竖立 It’s going to rain. Let’s put up the tent（=put the tent up）.要下雨了。咱们把帐篷搭起来吧。 Here is the tent. Let’s put it （宾语为代词时，应置于put与up之间）up.帐篷在这儿。咱们把它搭起来吧。 （2）张贴 During the Spring Festival, people put up “Fu” on doors or windows.春节期间，人们把“福”字贴在门或窗户上。 7. Well done，Wang Han. 做得好，王涵。 well done做得不错 常用于口语中，称赞对方做得不错、表现优秀等。 -Well done! You didn’t make a single mistake.干得不错！你没有犯一个错误。 -Thanks.谢谢。 拓展 称赞对方做得不错，也可用“Good job!”或“You did a great job!”等来表达。 -People in our town planted hundreds of trees on Tree Planting Day. 我们镇上的人们在植树节那天种了数百棵树。 -Good job! Everyone can do something to make our town greener. 干得好！每个人都可以做些事情，从而让我们的城镇变得更绿。 8. It’s important to think more in your learning. 在学习中多思考是很重要的。 【句型】 It’s+adj.+to do sth. 做某事是……的。 It is important to learn English well.学好英语很重要。 It’s good to learn how to get on with people of different ages.学会如何与不同年龄的人相处是件好事。 拓展 “It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”意为“对某人来说，做某事是……的”，其中形容词是描述事物特征的词，important（重要的）、easy（容易的）、boring（无趣的）等。 It is easy for me to sing the song.唱这首歌对我来说很简单。 It’s good for Tom to share new ideas with his teachers.对汤姆来说，和他的老师们分享新想法是件好事。 9. Please always remember this. 请永远记住这一点。 remember（反义词：forget v.忘记）v.记住，记得 Please remember the new words.请记住这些生词。 Remember that there are always people that care for you.记住，总会有人关心你。 辨析remember to do sth.与remember doing sth. remember  to do sth. “记着做某事”，此事目前未做。 Remember to show love to your father.  记得向你爸爸表达爱意。 remember  doing sth. “记得做过某事”，此事目前已做。 I remember seeing the movie at the cinema.  我记得我在电影院看过这部电影了。 10. We should learn from great thinkers.我们应该向伟大的思想家学习。 (1)should〔情态动词］应该，表示建议、责任或义务。should 后接动词原形。 You should answer rmy question in English. 你应该用英语回答我的问题。 拓展 ①将should 提到主语之前构成疑问句。 Should I invite him to the party? 我应该邀请他来参加聚会吗？ What should I do? 我应该做什么呢？ ②在 should 之后加 not构成否定形式, should not = shouldn't。 You shouldn't tell him the news. 你不应该告诉他这个消息。 (2)learn from sb.向某人学习 We should learn from cach other. 我们应该互相学习。 拓展 ①learn to do sth.学习做某事 Mary learns to sing at school. 玛丽在学校学习唱歌。 ②learn sth. by oneself 自学…… I learn English by myself. 我自学英语。 二、核心语法精讲 人称代词和物主代词 人称 单复数 人称代词主格 人称代词宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 第一人称 单数 I我 me我 my我的 mine我的 复数 we我们 us 我们 our我们的 ours 我们的 第二人称 单数 you你 you你 your你的 yours你的 复数 you你们（你） you你们 your 你们的 yours你们的 第三人称 单数 男性 男性he他 him他 his他的 his他的 女性 she她 her她 her她的 hers她的 事物 it它 it它 its它的 its它的 复数 they他/她/它们 them他/她/们 their他/她/它们的 theirs他/她/它们的 形容词性物主代词 物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，而形容词性物主代词表示所属关系,表示..的",具有形容词的特性,与形容词用法相似,修饰名词,一般放在被修饰的名词前,不能单独使用。 His friend is Mike.他的朋友是迈克。 This is my room.这是我的房间。 名词性物主代词 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的异同 ①两者都是物主代词,表示物品的所属关系。 ②形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,一般放在名词之前作定语。 ③名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,因此不能用于名词前。 This is my pen.这是我的钢笔。=This pen is mine.这支钢笔是我的。 -Where is your pen?你的钢笔在哪里? -Mine is in my bag.我的(钢笔)在我的包里。 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元的话题为“新的开始”，常见的写作任务是用英文介绍自己在初中的第一节课、进人初中后新的学校生活等。介绍在初中的第一节课时，内容通常包括以下要点：这是一节什么课；老师是谁；课堂上发生了什么事；自己从这节课中学到了什么。 2. 写作框架 3. 写作素材 此类文章写作时，主要使用一般过去时，并能够使用正确的人称代词和物主代词指代人物。常用句型： My first lesson was... ...was our...teacher. It's important to... That's really a(n) ...lesson! I want to... 4. 范文背诵 假如你是李华，是某中学的一名初一新生，你们学校正在开展以“My First Lesson”为主题的征文活动。请你根据以下问题提示，用英语写一篇短文投稿。 问题提示： 1.Who was the teacher? 2. What happened in class? 3.What do you think of the lesson? My First Lesson I'm Li Hua and I'm now in junior high. I will never forget my first lesson. The bell rang and our Chinese teacher Mr. Chen walked into the classroom. First, he introduced himself to us. Then he asked us to introduce ourselves one by one. It was my tum. I felt so nervous. I looked up at Mr. Chen. He looked at me with a smile. I felt better and began to introduce myself. After that, Mr. Chen praised me, “Well done, Li Hua! Don't be afraid of anything.” His words made me feel great. I'm so lucky to have a teacher like him. That's really an important lesson for me. I learn a lot from it. 易错点 辨析point out / point to / point at 短语 含义 用法 point out 指出（问题、错误等） 后接事物或从句 point to 指向（方向或较远之物） 侧重方向 point at 指着（近处的人或物） 有时含不礼貌意味 e.g. She pointed out the mistakes in my homework. 她指出了我作业中的错误。 e.g. He pointed to the north. 他指向北方。 e.g. Don't point at others. 不要指着别人。 【对点训练】 1．Don’t point ________ others. It’s not polite. A．at B．in C．on D．for 2．Let’s climb up the hill. Then I can point __________ some sights to you. A．at B．to C．for D．out 3．Look! The man ________ the map over there. A．points at B．points to C．is pointing to D．is pointing out 【答案】C 一、根据所给提示填空 1．He can work out this math ________ (问题) easily. 2．Mary is very kind. She always has a ________ (微笑) on her face. 3．I feel very excited about my school ________ (生活). 4．There is a ________ (宽阔的) road ahead (前面) waiting for you. 5．Please ________ (记住) to hand in your homework on time. 6．We will learn about the history and ________ (culture) festivals along the way. 7．________ (she) favorite subject is English. 8．This is ________ (we) classroom. It’s very tidy. 9．I think the panda is ________ (real) cute. 10．Water and air are important for our life and we can’t live ________ them. (with) 二、完成句子 1．This is my new friend.（改为复数句） ________ ________ my new friends. 2．She is in Class One.（改为否定句） She ________ ________ in Class One. 3．I like our new school.（改为she作主语） ________ likes ________ new school. 4．He is twelve years old. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ is he? 5．Wang Han pointed out the mistake. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ Wang Han do? 三、单项选择 1．—Do you like maths? —Yes, but it’s ______ for me. A．easy B．interesting C．difficult D．nice 2．My sister likes English a lot. ________ English grade (成绩) is always good. A．His B．Her C．Your D．Their 3．I’m in Class Two, Grade ________. A．seven B．Seven C．the seven D．the Seven 4．—Welcome to our school! —________ A．That’s right. B．You’re welcome. C．Thank you. D．All right. 5．Let’s make a ________ for the next unit. A．friend B．plan C．talk D．picture 四、阅读理解 A I am Alice and I’m a student in Saville Middle School. It’s a big and nice school in London. There are 120 teachers in my school. And there are 500 boys and 689 girls in our school. They are between 13 and 19 years old. The buildings in my school are new. All the classrooms have two big blackboards, a television and five computers. They help us a lot with our study. So I like to have classes in the classroom. I like the school library very much. A lot of books are in it. I always read books with my friends there. If you can’t find the book you want, please ask the teachers there for help. They’re all nice. I also like the dining hall. There are a lot of tables and chairs, big televisions and ping-pong tables. We can watch TV and play ping-pong there. There is a lost and found case near the dining hall. If you lose your things, you can put a lost notice with your name and phone number on the bulletin board (宣传栏). It can help you to find your lost things. All in all, I love my school. 1．How many students are there in Saville Middle School? A．500. B．689 C．1309. D．1189. 2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned (提及) according to the passage? A．The school library. B．The sports hall. C．The lost and found case. D．The dining hall. 3．Who can help you if you can’t find the book in the school library? A．Friends. B．The teachers there. C．Classmates. D．The policemen. 4．Why does Alice like having classes in the classroom? A．Because the classroom is very big and bright. B．Because the things in the classroom are helpful. C．Because her friends are all in the same classroom. D．Because the students can watch TV after class. 5．What is the best title (标题) for the passage? A．My Favorite Building. B．My Classmates. C．My School. D．My life in Saville Middle School. B Hello! My name is Li Li. My favourite subject is English. It’s really interesting, because I can do some fun things in class. Look! The woman in the photo is our English teacher, Miss Green. She is twenty-five years old and she is from the UK. Her Chinese is very good, but in class she only speaks English with us. Why is her English class so interesting? Before class, she often reads a short story to us. In class, she likes using picture cards to help us learn English. We can play games in class too. And role play is my favourite in her class. We play the roles in the book to learn English. It’s great fun! We have English classes every week, three in the morning and two in the afternoon. We’re happy to meet Miss Green every school day. 6．What’s Li Li’s favourite subject? A．Biology. B．Art. C．English. D．Geography. 7．What does Miss Green often do before class? A．She plays a game. B．She reads a story. C．She sings a song. D．She asks a question. 8．What do the underlined words “role play” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．运动项目 B．演讲比赛 C．英语辩论 D．角色扮演 9．How does Li Li like the game role play? A．Magic. B．Scary. C．Interesting. D．Boring. 10．What can we learn from the passage? A．Miss Green is a young teacher. B．Miss Green can’t speak Chinese. C．Miss Green’s classes are boring. D．Li Li doesn’t have English on Monday. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 A new start 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、初中校园学习 & 课堂场景： 1. sentence (n.句子) Our English teacher Ms Chen wrote the sentence on the blackboard and said, “Please write this down.” (我们的英语老师陈老师把这个句子写在黑板上，说道：“请把它写下来。”) 2. point (v.（用手或细的物体）指) But is it OK to point out the mistake? (但是指出这个错误合适吗？) 3. mistake (n.错误) Don’t be afraid to make a mistake. (不要害怕犯错。) 4. meaning (n.意义，意思，含义) But then I thought about the meaning of the sentence. (但之后我思考了这句话的含义。) 5. homework (n.家庭作业，功课) There is a lot of homework today. (今天有很多家庭作业。) 6. task (n.工作，任务) Every day, list your tasks and the time for each task. (每天列出你的任务以及每项任务对应的时间。) 7. project (n.（学校的）课题，研究项目) A project may take weeks. (一个课题可能要花费数周时间。) 8. primary (adj.小学教育的，初级教育的) Primary school was like a pool. (小学时光就像一方小水塘。) 二、个人思考认知 & 学习成长感悟： 1. mind (n.头脑；思想，思维) We should keep an open mind when we learn new knowledge at junior high. (初中学习新知识时，我们应当保持开放的思维)。 2. fact (n.事实；真相) It is a fact that learning without thinking is of no use. (学而不思则罔是一个事实。) 3. remember (v.记住，记得) Please always remember this. (请永远记住这一点。) 4. important (adj.重要的，重大的) It’s important to think more in your learning. (在学习中多思考是十分重要的。) 5. thought (n.意见，主意，观点) We want to share some thoughts with you. (我们想和你分享一些想法。) 6. hope (v.希望，期望，指望) We hope it helps you in the coming years! (我们希望它能在未来的日子里帮助到你！) 三、校园生活难题规划 & 人际建议沟通： 1. polite (adj.有礼貌的，客气的) Is that polite, in the first lesson? (在第一堂课上这么做有礼貌吗？) 2. need (v.需要) New students need to make good plans for their spare time. (新生需要为自己的空余时间制定合理计划。) 3. plan (v.计划) It’s hard to plan my time. (规划我的时间对我来说很难。) 4. problem (n.问题，难题；困难) You will face new problems. (你将会遇到新的难题。) 5. advice (n.意见，建议；忠告，劝告) The Students’ Union will give useful advice for freshmen. (学生会会为新生提供实用的建议。) 四、成长旅途比喻 & 自然环境意象: 1. journey (n.旅行，旅程；历程过程) Before your journey starts (在你的成长旅途开启之前) 2. pool (n.水塘，水洼) Then we put our little boat in the pool. (之后我们把小小的纸船放进了水塘里。) 3. protect (v.保护；防护) Dad and Mum protected your boat from winds. (爸爸妈妈曾为你的小船遮挡大风。) 4. wind (n.风) The wind is very strong today. (今天的风很大。) 5. wide (adj.宽的，宽阔的) But junior high is like a river. It is wide and the water moves fast. (但初中就像一条河流，河面宽阔，水流湍急。) 6. sail (v.驾驶（船只）) But sometimes you have to sail your boat by yourself. (但有些时候，你需要独自驾船前行。) 7. storm (n.暴风雨（雪）) You will go through storms towards the sea. (你会穿越暴风雨，向着大海前行。) 8. life (n.生活) Are you ready for your new life? (你准备好迎接新生活了吗？) 五、代词、介词、动作副词: 1. without (prep.缺乏，没有) You cannot find mistakes without careful reading. (不仔细阅读，你就发现不了错误。) 2. hers (pron.她的) My eyes met hers. (我的目光对上了她的目光。) 3. really (adv.确实地，的确) That’s really an important lesson! (那确实是一堂意义非凡的课！) 短 语 一、动词短语 1.write down (写下，(在纸上) 记下) Please write this down. (请把它记下来。) 2.point out (指出，指明) So I put up my hand and pointed out the mistake. (于是我举起手，指出了这个错误。) 3.jump into (跳入；跳进) Questions jumped into my mind. (一个个问题涌上我的心头。) 4.look up at (抬头看着) I looked up at Ms Chen. My eyes met hers. (我抬头看向陈老师，和她对视了。) 5.think about (考虑) But then I thought about the meaning of the sentence. (但随后我思考了这句话的含义。) 6.learn from (向…… 学习；从…… 学到) We should learn from great thinkers like Confucius. (我们应该向孔子这样伟大的思想家学习。) 8.make mistakes (犯错；出错) It’s normal to make mistakes when we start junior high. (刚上初中的时候犯错是很正常的。) 9.make good use of (好好利用；充分利用) How can they make good use of their time? (他们要如何充分利用自己的时间呢？) 10.work hard (努力学习；努力工作) Just try your best and work hard. (只管全力以赴，努力奋斗。) 二、介词短语 1.in fact (事实上) Well done, Wang Han. In fact, this is my first lesson for all of you.（做得很好，王涵。事实上，这也是我给你们所有人上的第一课。） 2.day by day (渐渐地；慢慢地) Then you can work on them day by day. (然后你就可以日复一日地去完成这些小任务。) 3.on time (按时) It’s hard to finish a long project on time. (想要按时完成一个长期项目并不容易。) 三、名词修饰短语 1.all kinds of (各种各样的) They hold all kinds of activities, such as cultural festivals and sports meets. (学生会举办各种各样的活动，比如文化节和运动会。) 2.such as (例如) They hold all kinds of activities, such as cultural festivals and sports meets. (学生会举办各种各样的活动，例如文化节和运动会。) 3.a lot of (许多；大量) There is a lot of homework today. (今天有很多作业。) 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、校园学习交际： 1.Learning without thinking is of no use.（学而不思则罔。） 2.Please write this down.（请把这句话抄下来。） 3.Why aren't you writing, Wang Han?（王涵，你为什么不写呢？） 4.It's important to think more in your learning.（在学习中多思考很重要。） 5.It takes one month to finish a book report.（完成一篇读书报告需要一个月的时间。） 6.No pain, no gain.（一分耕耘，一分收获（不劳则无获）。） 二、询问求助与给出建议: 1.Can you give me some advice?（你能给我一些建议吗？） 2.Here's the first piece of advice.（这是第一条建议。） 三、个人身心情绪表达： 1.My mouth felt dry.（我感到口干舌燥。） 2.I didn't know what to do.（我不知道该怎么办。） 3.His clever words made me feel better.（他的妙语使我感觉好多了。） 四、人际互动对话： 1.He asked us to introduce ourselves.（他要求我们做自我介绍。） 2.Mr Pan just looked at me with a smile.（潘老师只是笑着看着我。） 3.Mia, do you remember your sixth birthday?（米娅，你记得你的六岁生日吗？） 4.We want to share some thoughts with you.（我们想和你分享一些想法。） 5.But sometimes you have to sail your boat by yourself.（但有时候你必须独自驾驶你的小船。） 语法 人称代词、物主代词 写作 介绍第一堂课 一、知识点精讲 1. What is junior high school life like?初中生活是什么样子的？ 【句型】 What's+sth.+like?某物是什么样子的?用于询问某物的特点、性质等。like此处用作介词，意为“像；……怎么样”。 -What's your house like? 你们的房子什么样？ -It's very big.它非常大。 拓展 ①“What's +sb. + like?”常用来询问某人的性格特征。 -What's your father like? 你爸爸是一个怎样的人? -He's very friendly. 他很友好。 ②“What + do/does + sb.+ look like?”" 用来询问某人的外貌特征。 -What does your brother look like? 你的哥哥长什么样？ -He is tall.他个子很高。 2. How many students are there in my class?在我的班上.有多少学生？ how many多少 后面接可数名词的复数形式，提问可数名词的数量。与are there连用构成特殊疑问句时，一般用“There is/are...”对询问的数量作出回答，也可以直接用基数词来回答。 -How many students are there in yourclass?你们班有多少学生？ -There are twenty-four.有24个。 3. I wrote down the first word and stopped.我写下了第一个单词，停了下来。 (1)write down写下;记下 “动词+副词”结构，人称代词作其宾语时，应放在write 与 down 中间。 The little girl liked the story so much that she wrote it down. 这个小女孩非常喜欢这个故事以至于她把它写了下来。 (2) stop ①(动词〕停止,停下(过去式:stopped) The train stopped in the end. 最后火车停了下来。 The driver stopped to give me a lift. 这个司机停下来让我搭车。 He stopped crying. 他停止了哭泣。 ②（名词）停止；车站 The bus came to a stop outside the school. 公共汽车在学校外面停了下来。 I get off at the next stop. 我在下一站下车。 4. But is it OK to point out the mistake?但是指出错误合适吗？ (1)point ont 指出；指明 “动词+副词”结构，其后接名词、代词或that从句作宾语，人称代词作其宾语时，应放在副词out 的前面。 I can point out the sights of Beijing for you.我可以为你们指出北京的景点。 Point it out! 把它指出来！ 拓展 point to 指向 to强调指的方向； point at指着at强调指的对象。 He pointed to the hill. 他指向那座山。 Don't point at people with a finger. 不要用手指指着人。 5. I looked up at Ms Chen.我抬头看着陈老师。 look up at抬头看…… look up此处意为“抬头往上看”,后跟看的对象时加介词at。 They all looked up at the sky. 他们都抬头看着天空。 Look up at the beautiful stars. 抬头看这些美丽的星星。 拓展 look down at 低头看…… My teacher looked down at me. 我的老师低头看着我。 6. I put up my hand. 我举起了手。 put up举起，抬高 为“动词+副词”型短语。put up one’s hand举手 He puts up his hand to ask a question.他举起手来问问题。 拓展 put up的其他常用含义： （1）搭建；竖立 It’s going to rain. Let’s put up the tent（=put the tent up）.要下雨了。咱们把帐篷搭起来吧。 Here is the tent. Let’s put it （宾语为代词时，应置于put与up之间）up.帐篷在这儿。咱们把它搭起来吧。 （2）张贴 During the Spring Festival, people put up “Fu” on doors or windows.春节期间，人们把“福”字贴在门或窗户上。 7. Well done，Wang Han. 做得好，王涵。 well done做得不错 常用于口语中，称赞对方做得不错、表现优秀等。 -Well done! You didn’t make a single mistake.干得不错！你没有犯一个错误。 -Thanks.谢谢。 拓展 称赞对方做得不错，也可用“Good job!”或“You did a great job!”等来表达。 -People in our town planted hundreds of trees on Tree Planting Day. 我们镇上的人们在植树节那天种了数百棵树。 -Good job! Everyone can do something to make our town greener. 干得好！每个人都可以做些事情，从而让我们的城镇变得更绿。 8. It’s important to think more in your learning. 在学习中多思考是很重要的。 【句型】 It’s+adj.+to do sth. 做某事是……的。 It is important to learn English well.学好英语很重要。 It’s good to learn how to get on with people of different ages.学会如何与不同年龄的人相处是件好事。 拓展 “It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”意为“对某人来说，做某事是……的”，其中形容词是描述事物特征的词，important（重要的）、easy（容易的）、boring（无趣的）等。 It is easy for me to sing the song.唱这首歌对我来说很简单。 It’s good for Tom to share new ideas with his teachers.对汤姆来说，和他的老师们分享新想法是件好事。 9. Please always remember this. 请永远记住这一点。 remember（反义词：forget v.忘记）v.记住，记得 Please remember the new words.请记住这些生词。 Remember that there are always people that care for you.记住，总会有人关心你。 辨析remember to do sth.与remember doing sth. remember  to do sth. “记着做某事”，此事目前未做。 Remember to show love to your father.  记得向你爸爸表达爱意。 remember  doing sth. “记得做过某事”，此事目前已做。 I remember seeing the movie at the cinema.  我记得我在电影院看过这部电影了。 10. We should learn from great thinkers.我们应该向伟大的思想家学习。 (1)should〔情态动词］应该，表示建议、责任或义务。should 后接动词原形。 You should answer rmy question in English. 你应该用英语回答我的问题。 拓展 ①将should 提到主语之前构成疑问句。 Should I invite him to the party? 我应该邀请他来参加聚会吗？ What should I do? 我应该做什么呢？ ②在 should 之后加 not构成否定形式, should not = shouldn't。 You shouldn't tell him the news. 你不应该告诉他这个消息。 (2)learn from sb.向某人学习 We should learn from cach other. 我们应该互相学习。 拓展 ①learn to do sth.学习做某事 Mary learns to sing at school. 玛丽在学校学习唱歌。 ②learn sth. by oneself 自学…… I learn English by myself. 我自学英语。 二、核心语法精讲 人称代词和物主代词 人称 单复数 人称代词主格 人称代词宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 第一人称 单数 I我 me我 my我的 mine我的 复数 we我们 us 我们 our我们的 ours 我们的 第二人称 单数 you你 you你 your你的 yours你的 复数 you你们（你） you你们 your 你们的 yours你们的 第三人称 单数 男性 男性he他 him他 his他的 his他的 女性 she她 her她 her她的 hers她的 事物 it它 it它 its它的 its它的 复数 they他/她/它们 them他/她/们 their他/她/它们的 theirs他/她/它们的 形容词性物主代词 物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，而形容词性物主代词表示所属关系,表示..的",具有形容词的特性,与形容词用法相似,修饰名词,一般放在被修饰的名词前,不能单独使用。 His friend is Mike.他的朋友是迈克。 This is my room.这是我的房间。 名词性物主代词 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的异同 ①两者都是物主代词,表示物品的所属关系。 ②形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,一般放在名词之前作定语。 ③名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,因此不能用于名词前。 This is my pen.这是我的钢笔。=This pen is mine.这支钢笔是我的。 -Where is your pen?你的钢笔在哪里? -Mine is in my bag.我的(钢笔)在我的包里。 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元的话题为“新的开始”，常见的写作任务是用英文介绍自己在初中的第一节课、进人初中后新的学校生活等。介绍在初中的第一节课时，内容通常包括以下要点：这是一节什么课；老师是谁；课堂上发生了什么事；自己从这节课中学到了什么。 2. 写作框架 3. 写作素材 此类文章写作时，主要使用一般过去时，并能够使用正确的人称代词和物主代词指代人物。常用句型： My first lesson was... ...was our...teacher. It's important to... That's really a(n) ...lesson! I want to... 4. 范文背诵 假如你是李华，是某中学的一名初一新生，你们学校正在开展以“My First Lesson”为主题的征文活动。请你根据以下问题提示，用英语写一篇短文投稿。 问题提示： 1.Who was the teacher? 2. What happened in class? 3.What do you think of the lesson? My First Lesson I'm Li Hua and I'm now in junior high. I will never forget my first lesson. The bell rang and our Chinese teacher Mr. Chen walked into the classroom. First, he introduced himself to us. Then he asked us to introduce ourselves one by one. It was my tum. I felt so nervous. I looked up at Mr. Chen. He looked at me with a smile. I felt better and began to introduce myself. After that, Mr. Chen praised me, “Well done, Li Hua! Don't be afraid of anything.” His words made me feel great. I'm so lucky to have a teacher like him. That's really an important lesson for me. I learn a lot from it. 易错点 辨析point out / point to / point at 短语 含义 用法 point out 指出（问题、错误等） 后接事物或从句 point to 指向（方向或较远之物） 侧重方向 point at 指着（近处的人或物） 有时含不礼貌意味 e.g. She pointed out the mistakes in my homework. 她指出了我作业中的错误。 e.g. He pointed to the north. 他指向北方。 e.g. Don't point at others. 不要指着别人。 【对点训练】 1．Don’t point ________ others. It’s not polite. A．at B．in C．on D．for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要指着别人，那是不礼貌的。 考查介词辨析。at在；in在……里；on在……上；for为了。短语point at...表示“指着……”。故选A。 2．Let’s climb up the hill. Then I can point __________ some sights to you. A．at B．to C．for D．out 【答案】D 【详解】句意：让我们爬上山。然后我能指出一些名胜给你。 point at/to指向，point out“指出；指明”。结合句意，把风景名胜给我指出来，故选D。 3．Look! The man ________ the map over there. A．points at B．points to C．is pointing to D．is pointing out 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看！那个男人正在指着那边的地图。 points at指着（近距离）；points to指向（远距离）；is pointing to正指向；is pointing out指出。句首“Look!”是现在进行时标志，谓语要用“be doing”形式，排除points at、points to；地图在“over there”（那边），表示朝远处指向用point to，因此选is pointing to。 一、根据所给提示填空 1．He can work out this math ________ (问题) easily. 【答案】problem 【详解】句意：他能轻松解决这道数学问题。problem“问题”，是名词；根据“this”可知，用其单数形式。故填problem。 2．Mary is very kind. She always has a ________ (微笑) on her face. 【答案】smile 【详解】句意：玛丽非常善良。她的脸上总是带着一个微笑。根据汉语提示可知，smile“微笑”，可数名词；句式“has a smile on her face”为“脸上带着微笑”的固定表达，故填smile。 3．I feel very excited about my school ________ (生活). 【答案】life 【详解】句意：我对我的校园生活感到十分兴奋。汉语提示“生活”，life作“生活”讲时，是不可数名词，此处用life。 4．There is a ________ (宽阔的) road ahead (前面) waiting for you. 【答案】wide 【详解】句意：前方有一条宽阔的道路在等着你。汉语提示“宽阔的”，空格后为名词road，空格处需要形容词作定语修饰名词；wide意为“宽阔的”，形容词，a wide road表示“一条宽阔的道路”。 5．Please ________ (记住) to hand in your homework on time. 【答案】remember 【详解】句意：请记得按时上交你的作业。括号内中文提示“记住”对应单词remember，本句是以Please开头的祈使句，祈使句谓语动词使用原形，remember to do sth.表示“记得去做某事”。此处用原形remember即可。 6．We will learn about the history and ________ (culture) festivals along the way. 【答案】cultural 【详解】句意：沿途我们会了解相关历史和文化节日。这里需要用形容词来修饰后面的名词festivals，culture对应的形容词是‌cultural‌，表示“文化的”。 7．________ (she) favorite subject is English. 【答案】Her 【详解】句意：她最喜欢的科目是英语。 句中修饰名词短语favorite subject，需用形容词性物主代词表示“她的”，she的形容词性物主代词形式是her，句首首字母大写，故填Her。 8．This is ________ (we) classroom. It’s very tidy. 【答案】our 【详解】句意：这是我们的教室，它非常整洁。句中classroom是名词，前面需要用形容词性物主代词来修饰，表示“谁的教室”。we是主格人称代词，对应的形容词性物主代词是our。 9．I think the panda is ________ (real) cute. 【答案】really 【详解】句意：我觉得熊猫真的很可爱。此空需用副词，作状语，修饰形容词cute，real的副词形式为really“真正地”。 10．Water and air are important for our life and we can’t live ________ them. (with) 【答案】without 【详解】句意：水和空气对我们的生活很重要，没有它们我们无法生存。根据“Water and air are important for our life”可知，水和空气对生活很重要，所以没有它们我们无法生存；本句缺少介词，“with”意为“有”，其反义词“without”意为“没有”，符合语境。故填without。 二、完成句子 1．This is my new friend.（改为复数句） ________ ________ my new friends. 【答案】 These are 【详解】句意：这是我的新朋友。变复数时，指示代词this改为these，be动词is改为are，名词friend已经变为复数friends，最终句子为These are my new friends. 2．She is in Class One.（改为否定句） She ________ ________ in Class One. 【答案】 is not 【详解】句意：她在一班。原句中含有be动词is。含有be动词的句子变否定句时，直接在be动词后面加not。应填is；not。 3．I like our new school.（改为she作主语） ________ likes ________ new school. 【答案】 She her 【详解】句意：我喜欢我们的新学校。题目要求改为she作主语，且位于句首，首字母必须大写，因此第一空填 She；形容词性物主代词需与主语的人称保持一致。原句中的our（我们的）是第一人称复数物主代词，当主语变为第三人称单数she时，对应的物主代词应变为her（她的），因此第二空填her。 4．He is twelve years old. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ is he? 【答案】 How old 【详解】句意：他十二岁。划线部分表示年龄，对年龄提问用疑问词组How old，句首单词首字母大写。 5．Wang Han pointed out the mistake. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ Wang Han do? 【答案】 What did 【详解】句意：王涵指出了那个错误。划线部分为pointed out the mistake，表示动作内容。询问“某人做了什么”用疑问词What，原句谓语动词pointed是过去式，变为特殊疑问句时需借助助动词did，放在主语前面，故填What；did。 三、单项选择 1．—Do you like maths? —Yes, but it’s ______ for me. A．easy B．interesting C．difficult D．nice 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你喜欢数学吗？——喜欢，但对我来说很难。 easy容易的；interesting有趣的；difficult困难的；nice好的。根据题干“but”表示转折，前句喜欢数学，后句表示“但很难”，应填difficult。 2．My sister likes English a lot. ________ English grade (成绩) is always good. A．His B．Her C．Your D．Their 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我姐姐很喜欢英语。她的英语成绩总是很好。 His他的；Her她的；Your你的；Their他们的。根据前句“My sister”可知主语为女性单数，此处指代“她的”成绩，应用Her。 3．I’m in Class Two, Grade ________. A．seven B．Seven C．the seven D．the Seven 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我在七年级二班。 表示“几年级”时，年级数字首字母大写且不加定冠词the，因此填Seven。 4．—Welcome to our school! —________ A．That’s right. B．You’re welcome. C．Thank you. D．All right. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——欢迎来到我们学校！——谢谢。 That’s right没错；You’re welcome不客气；Thank you谢谢你；All right好的。根据“Welcome to our school!”可知，回应欢迎应说谢谢。 5．Let’s make a ________ for the next unit. A．friend B．plan C．talk D．picture 【答案】B 【详解】句意：让我们为下一个单元制订一个计划。 friend朋友；plan计划；talk谈话；picture图片。根据“for the next unit”可知，此处指为接下来的单元做安排，make a plan意为“制订计划”，符合语境。故选B。 四、阅读理解 A I am Alice and I’m a student in Saville Middle School. It’s a big and nice school in London. There are 120 teachers in my school. And there are 500 boys and 689 girls in our school. They are between 13 and 19 years old. The buildings in my school are new. All the classrooms have two big blackboards, a television and five computers. They help us a lot with our study. So I like to have classes in the classroom. I like the school library very much. A lot of books are in it. I always read books with my friends there. If you can’t find the book you want, please ask the teachers there for help. They’re all nice. I also like the dining hall. There are a lot of tables and chairs, big televisions and ping-pong tables. We can watch TV and play ping-pong there. There is a lost and found case near the dining hall. If you lose your things, you can put a lost notice with your name and phone number on the bulletin board (宣传栏). It can help you to find your lost things. All in all, I love my school. 1．How many students are there in Saville Middle School? A．500. B．689 C．1309. D．1189. 2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned (提及) according to the passage? A．The school library. B．The sports hall. C．The lost and found case. D．The dining hall. 3．Who can help you if you can’t find the book in the school library? A．Friends. B．The teachers there. C．Classmates. D．The policemen. 4．Why does Alice like having classes in the classroom? A．Because the classroom is very big and bright. B．Because the things in the classroom are helpful. C．Because her friends are all in the same classroom. D．Because the students can watch TV after class. 5．What is the best title (标题) for the passage? A．My Favorite Building. B．My Classmates. C．My School. D．My life in Saville Middle School. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，Alice介绍自己就读的Saville Middle School，依次介绍学校师生人数、教室设施、图书馆、餐厅以及失物招领处，表达对学校的喜爱。 【详解】1．原文第一段“And there are 500 boys and 689 girls in our school.”，500+689=1189，全校一共有1189名学生。 2．文中依次提到the school library、the dining hall、a lost and found case，没有提及the sports hall (体育馆)。 3． 原文第三段“If you can’t find the book you want, please ask the teachers there for help.”，在图书馆找不到书可以向那里的老师求助。 4．原文第二段“All the classrooms have two big blackboards, a television and five computers. They help us a lot with our study. So I like to have classes in the classroom.”，教室里的各类设备对学习很有帮助，所以Alice喜欢在教室上课。 5． 全文围绕Saville Middle School的各项设施、环境展开介绍，结尾“All in all, I love my school.”，My School最适合作为标题。 B Hello! My name is Li Li. My favourite subject is English. It’s really interesting, because I can do some fun things in class. Look! The woman in the photo is our English teacher, Miss Green. She is twenty-five years old and she is from the UK. Her Chinese is very good, but in class she only speaks English with us. Why is her English class so interesting? Before class, she often reads a short story to us. In class, she likes using picture cards to help us learn English. We can play games in class too. And role play is my favourite in her class. We play the roles in the book to learn English. It’s great fun! We have English classes every week, three in the morning and two in the afternoon. We’re happy to meet Miss Green every school day. 6．What’s Li Li’s favourite subject? A．Biology. B．Art. C．English. D．Geography. 7．What does Miss Green often do before class? A．She plays a game. B．She reads a story. C．She sings a song. D．She asks a question. 8．What do the underlined words “role play” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．运动项目 B．演讲比赛 C．英语辩论 D．角色扮演 9．How does Li Li like the game role play? A．Magic. B．Scary. C．Interesting. D．Boring. 10．What can we learn from the passage? A．Miss Green is a young teacher. B．Miss Green can’t speak Chinese. C．Miss Green’s classes are boring. D．Li Li doesn’t have English on Monday. 【答案】6．C 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了李莉最喜欢的英语科目以及她的英语老师格林老师的教学方式，说明了为什么英语课如此有趣。 【详解】6．原文第一段直接提到“My favourite subject is English”，能直接找到答案。 7．原文第三段明确说明“Before class, she often reads a short story to us”，对应选项B的内容。 8．划线短语后文紧接着解释“We play the roles in the book to learn English”，也就是扮演书中的角色学英语，对应中文意思是“角色扮演”。 9．文中说role play是李莉课上最喜欢的环节，最后还评价“It’s great fun”，对应选项里的Interesting（有趣的）。 10．原文“Miss Green. She is twenty-five years old”说Miss Green25岁，是年轻老师，A表述正确。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $