精品解析：海南中学2024-2025学年度第一学期高二入学测试英语试题

海南中学2024-2025学年高二上学期入学测试英语试题 满分：120分，考试时间：100分钟 第一部分阅读理解 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Best Hollywood Tours Big Bus Tours Los Angeles Price: $ 47. 20 for adults; $ 39. 20 for kids Duration: 2 hours TMZ, known for its celebrity news-fueled television show and website, operates this bus tour that takes travelers through Hollywood in the hopes of seeing their favorite celebrities. During the two-hour trip, TMZ guides will take you to celebrity hang-outs in West Hollywood, Beverly Hills and more. The guides even bring video cameras in case a passing celebrity is willing to give an interview. Ultimate Hollywood Tours Price: $ 44 for adults; $ 34 for kids Duration: 2 hours Keep your eyes peeled for Hollywood A-listers on this two-hour open-top bus tour, which promises to drive by dozens of celebrity homes. The bus will also cruise down Rodeo Drive and pass by the Hollywood Walk of Fame landmark and the Dolby Theatre, among other celebrity haunts (常去的地方). Visitors appreciate the guides’ sense of humor and knowledge. They also say this is an excellent way to see the major attractions in Hollywood in a short amount of time. The Real Los Angeles Tours Price: $ 40 Duration: 2 hours During this historic walking tour, travelers will learn why Hollywood was selected by movie industry pioneers in the early 20th century. The two-hour tour also stops at unique sights, such as the oldest house in Hollywood. But major attractions aren’t forgotten either: You can expect to see the Capitol Records Building, the Dolby Theatre and the Hollywood Walk of Fame, among other sights. Reviewers enjoy the informative guides, and even locals say they discover things they never knew about the city. Open Bus Tours Price: $ 35 Duration: 2 hours Admire the mansions of Hollywood’s rich and famous as you wind through LA’s posh neighborhoods on this two-hour, open-air bus tour. Then, pass by iconic sights, such as the Hollywood sign and Mulholland Drive, before cruising along Rodeo Drive, the Sunset Strip and other well-known Hollywood locales. Most reviewers give the tour high marks, applauding the amusing and informative guides. 1. How much should Mr. and Mrs. Green pay if they take on Big Bus Tours Los Angeles? A. $47. 2 B. $78. 4 C. $86. 4 D. $94. 4 2. What is special with The Real Los Angeles Tours? A. It is a walking tour. B. Tourists are charged most. C. Tourists take on open bus. D. They are arranged to meet movie stars. 3. Which should you take if you want to visit the Sunset Strip? A. Big Bus Tours Los Angeles. B. Ultimate Hollywood Tours. C. The Real Los Angeles Tours. D. Open Bus Tours. B Growing up in a suburban neighborhood in the Northeastern United States, the advent of springtime didn’t hold much significance for me. While it did bring a week-long respite from school, the focus was more on the vacation aspect than the season itself. For the children in my community, spring was largely an overlooked period. The year was divided into two primary seasons: winter, which offered the thrill of ice skating, sledding, and constructing snow forts; and summer, which allowed us to fully enjoy the beach located a short distance from my home. Spring and autumn were merely transitional periods, marking the countdown to the more exciting seasons. It’s true that as I matured, spring began to hold a certain charm for me, as suggested by the poetic line, “In the spring a young man’s fancy lightly turns to thoughts of love,” penned by Alfred Lord Tennyson. However, my fascination was more with the romantic notions associated with the season rather than the season itself. In essence, spring was not a season I paid much heed to... until my journey to China. After spending roughly three months in Beijing, my first Spring Festival made its presence known in an undeniable way. The sporadic fireworks throughout the day and night were a clear indication, but what truly struck me was the apparent absence of the usual hustle and bustle in the city. The usual throngs of people, streams of vehicles, and the general city noise seemed to have vanished. This mystery was resolved upon my return to work. My colleagues enlightened me that it is customary for Chinese people to travel, if necessary, to reunite with their families during the Spring Festival. Many residents of Beijing are not originally from the capital. Furthermore, I was introduced to a fascinating aspect of the Spring Festival that continues to astonish me. Regardless of when the holiday commences, there is an almost instantaneous and perceptible improvement in the weather. Spring truly makes its entrance. The ancient Chinese ability to devise a system that could consistently and accurately herald the change of seasons, year after year, is beyond my comprehension. Yet, they managed to achieve this remarkable feat. 4. What did the author think of spring as a child? ______ A. It was a season full of promise. B. It was always beyond his imagination. C. It was a tiring and long holiday. D. It hardly left a good impression on him. 5. What impressed the author most about Beijing during the Spring Festival? ______ A. The busy traffic. B. The unexpected quietness. C. Beijingers’ love for travel. D. Occasional bursts of fireworks. 6. How does the author feel about the system created by ancient Chinese? ______ A. Adorable. B. Confused. C. Wonderful. D. Convenient. 7. What can be inferred from the text? ______ A. Spring Festival in Beijing will make one feel quite lonely. B. The author spent his first Spring Festival at a colleague’s home. C. In China Spring Festival always indicates the coming of Spring. D. The author still worked during the Spring Festival while in Beijing. C Recently, campaigners have encouraged us to buy local food. This reduces “food miles”, that is, the distance food travels from the producer to the shop owner. They reason that the higher the food miles, the more carbon mission(排放物). However, the real story is not as simple as that. In fact, imported food often has a lower carbon footprint than locally grown good. Take apples, for example. The local apples the British buy in winter or spring have been kept refrigerated for months, and this uses a lot of energy. In spring, therefore, it is more energy-saving to import them from New Zealand, where they are in season. Heating also uses a lot of energy, which is why growing tomatoes in heated greenhouses in the UK is less environmentally friendly than importing them from Spain, where the crop grows well in the local climate. We must also take into account the type of transport. Transporting food by air creates more emissions. However, only a few goods are flown to the consumer country, and these are usually high-value, short-lived items which we cannot produce locally. Even then, these foods may not have a higher carbon footprint than locally grown food. For example, beans flown in from Kenya are grown in sunny fields using natural fertilizers, unlike in Britain, where we use oil-based fertilizers and machinery. Also, a product’s journey does not end at the supermarket. Driving a long way to shop for food will neutralize(抵消) any environmental benefits of buying locally grown produce. Furthermore, choosing local over imported food can also badly affect people in developing countries. If they are unable to sell produce overseas, they will have less income. Recently, some supermarkets have been trying to raise awareness of food miles by labeling foods to show they have been imported by air. But the message this gives is too simple. Lots of different factors contribute to a food’s carbon footprint. And. even if we only buy local food which is currently in season, there are ethical(伦理的) problems. What’s more, our diets would be more limited. 8. Why should the British buy imported apples according to the author? A. It reduces food miles. B. It benefits the local farmers. C. It is less energy-consuming. D. It is less costly and more convenient. 9. What can we infer about the foods transported by air? A. They are grown using oil-based fertilizers. B. They can be mass-produced locally. C. They have a low carbon footprint. D. They fail to have a long shelf life. 10. What does the author think of labeling foods? A. It does not give correct product information. B. It does not tell a full and accurate story. C. It will raise environmental awareness. D. It will help people to shop ethically. 11. What is the purpose of this text? A. To solve a problem. B. To make a prediction. C. To argue against a belief. D. To give practical advice. D Some people often wonder whether they are fighting a battle with their genes to maintain a healthy weight. In fact, researchers have provided plenty of evidence that people are born with tendencies to be lighter or heavier. For example, studies of identical twins have revealed great similarity in their overall weight. Part of this similarity may be explained by the finding that some people are born to burn a lot of calories just through ordinary day-to-day activities while others are not. Those who are not are more at risk for weight gain. Researchers have discovered some of the actual genetic mechanisms (机制) that may make some individuals more likely to be obese. For example, a gene has been found that appears to control signals to the brain that enough fat has been stored in the body in the course of a meal — so the individual should stop eating. The gene influences the production of leptin (瘦蛋白), which keeps appetite under control. If leptin doesn’t work well, it is likely that individuals will continue to eat. Thus the gene that controls leptin appears to have a critical influence on the potential for obesity. The confirmation that leptin plays a role in weight control has encouraged researchers to identify and understand other weight-related genes. Recent attention has focused on a gene called GAD2. GAD2 helps control the amount of the neurotransmitter (神经递质) GABA. In general, when more GABA is available, appetite is increased. For that reason, people who have a form of GAD2 that allows more GABA to be available may be at risk for overeating. You can see that GAD2 is not directly an obesity gene. Rather it has an indirect influence on obesity through its direct influence on GABA. Genetic research holds out the promise of innovative solutions to obesity. Researchers hope that an understanding of the link between genes and weight control will enable them to provide new drug treatments. Nonetheless, even the most optimistic researchers provide a warning: “Innovative drugs will be effective only when they are used along with lifestyle changes.” 12. How does the author develop Paragraph 1? A. By giving an example. B. By making an assumption. C. By asking questions. D. By reasoning and analyzing. 13. What does the underlined word “obese” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Powerful. B. Fat. C. Active. D. Outgoing. 14. What do researchers suggest doing in the last paragraph? A. Taking new drugs. B. Understanding genetic effects. C. Keeping a healthy lifestyle. D. Trying to adjust GAD2. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. The Sorts of Genus Helping You Keep Thin B. The Reason Why You Become Too Heavy C. How Does Genetics Contribute to Obesity? D. What Influence Does Food Have on Weight? 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Every New Year, thousands decide they’re going to change their lives. Fewer than 10 percent actually stick with their plans, and that figure is being generous. ____16____. Not aiming high enough. While it’s easy to think setting easy goals will keep you motivated, it may harm your long-term motivation. If you make goals that are too achievable, you’ll get bored and lose interest. ____17____. If you’re used to staying within your comfort zone, you'll be missing out on the satisfaction of achieving a life-changing goal. When you push yourself, you'll be able to build unshakable confidence as you achieve goal after goal. ____18____. This is a fear many of us deal with. Instead of taking action, we start worrying about “ What if?” “What if it doesn’t work out? What if my dream isn’t truly my dream? What if I don’t succeed?” If you have trouble creating a vision , then you’re at the risk of being aimless through life. ____19____. You can start the process of discovering your life purpose by asking yourself, “ What would my ideal life look like?” Letting fear control your mind and actions. Fear can prevent you from achieving your dreams. You’ll miss out on opportunities in life if you don’t learn how to manage your fears. ____20____ . One way to manage fear is to look for the root cause of your fear. With deep introspection (反省), you can uncover the exact moment when those fears are holding you back from growing. This will give you a window of opportunity to communicate with your inner being and find release. A. Lacking self-confidence B. Being uncertain about the future C. Fortunately, fear can be overcome D. Below you’ll find some common reasons why you’re losing motivation E. Many of us are motivated not by a desire to achieve, but by fear of failure F. Ideally, you want to strike a balance between pushing yourself and creating realistic goals G. However, when you find your purpose and passion, you’ll be driven to struggle for excellence 第二部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分55分） 第一节 （共15个小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It's late—my wife and I are exhausted and covered in mud. There's an old woman shouting at us in Vietnamese, refusing to let us leave the house. Behind is her ___21___, who I'm desperately trying to stop from taking her shirt off. It's chaos. Helpless and ___22___, I wonder: how did it come to this? We were on a motorcycle tour of Laos and Vietnam. We just ___23___ the border into Vietnam smoothly. Then the trouble began: the highway. The road was under ___24___ and in its place ___25___ the slipperiest mud slide imaginable. We were reduced to such a speed that ___26___ the motorcycle and starting walking seemed a possible option. Exhausted and dirty, we were ready to ___27___. Cancel the trip? I doubted. It just wasn't worth it. Seven hours later, at our lowest point, we finally reached tarmac (柏油路) . Too defeated to ___28___ the new-found road, we pulled into what appeared a restaurant, figuring we could ask for ___29___. There we were greeted by a teenage girl. That brings us back to where we kicked off. The old woman is ___30___, not in a scary way ,but in an “I'm repeating myself louder and louder and you'll understand” kind of way. The teenage daughter keeps attempting to ___31___ in front of us. Desperately wanting to get to a hotel, we try to leave but the old woman pushes us back. We have no idea what we've gotten ourselves into, nor how the he’ll we are going to ___32___. Then there's a knock at the door — a man is outside and we're told to follow him. It turns out that they've called him to lead us into town. The mother stopped us because of this and the daughter was just trying to ask us if we wanted to ___33___ our clothes. The people were so unbelievably helpful. This ___34___ continued for our entire trip. It helped us find new strength — the confidence, no matter how ___35___ it gets, to just keep going. 21. A. mother B. husband C. daughter D. neighbor 22. A. determined B. confused C. amused D. inspired 23. A. crossed B. closed C. defined D. climbed 24. A. threat B. investigation C. construction D. guarantee 25. A. lined B. trapped C. struck D. lay 26. A. repairing B. riding C. cleaning D. abandoning 27. A. throw in the towel B. face the music C. let out steam D. tick all the boxes 28. A. see B. block C. describe D. appreciate 29. A. assessment B. directions C. facilities D. identification 30. A. whispering B. singing C. yelling D. lecturing 31. A. unload B. undress C. unlock D. unpack 32. A. escape B. continue C. travel D. lead 33. A. sell B. display C. change D. iron 34. A. persistence B. intelligence C. sympathy D. kindness 35. A. bad B. dark C. far D. dirty 第二节 （共25个小题；每小题1分，满分25分） 36. The audience were ________ (amuse) by the funny performance of the clown. (所给词的适当形式填空) 37. The explorer spent five years on the isolated island and experienced a series of ________ (amaze) adventures. (所给词的适当形式填空) 38. Although he is lacking in ability, time and energy, he has no ________ (intend) to give up in despair. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 39. Taking a horse-riding is a good way to explore the ________ (surround) countryside for tourists. (所给词的适当形式填空) 40. The amount of sleep we need ________(vary) from person to person. (所给词的适当形式填空) 41. Asking a lady’s age definitely puts her ______ the spot in some countries. (用适当的词填空)    42. A teenager had better equip himself ________ knowledge.   (用适当的词填空) 43. From this point of view, we think Sunflower is the most ________ (represent) of all Van Gogh’s works. (所给词的适当形式填空) 44. Despite some ________ (desire) side effects, the cancer drug continues to be used in Japan. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45. To my surprise, she accepted the decision without ________ (argue). (所给词的适当形式填空) 46. These experiments have proved the ________ (possible) of the existence of life on that planet. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. Anyone can’t remove those books ________ the reading room without the permission of the librarian.   (用适当的词填空) 48. What is ________ (appeal) to me is the way he acts and speaks. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. Ben is very sensitive so he just can’t take ________ (criticize). (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. I was charged 68 yuan ________ a bowl of noodles at the airport.   (用适当的词填空) 51. This machine is beyond repair because some of its parts are not ________ (replace). (所给词的适当形式填空) 52. The private enterprises sometimes perform better than some state-owned ________ (compete). (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. For the sake of his health, he has decided to cut ________on smoking and drinking.   (用适当的词填空) 54. Finally, it took her 3 years to pay ________ the student loans.   (用适当的词填空) 55. Quarrels always break ________ between the couple because they are both unwilling to give in to each other.   (用适当的词填空) 56. ________ average, how much do you spend on clothing every month?   (用适当的词填空) 57. ________ (offer) an important role in the movie directed by the famous director, Sally has got a chance to become famous. (所给词的适当形式填空) 58. A lot of survivors_____________(rescue)by the soldiers in that area where the earthquake happened since yesterday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 59. She is very talented, ________ (compare) with her peers, who is also very kind. (所给词的适当形式填空) 60. The man to ______ you talked is our new PE teacher. (用适当的词填空)    第三节 （共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s freestyle swimmer Pan Zhanle has thanked a scientific training program for his world record-breaking feat (功绩) at the Paris Olympics as the country celebrates ____61____ (it) first men’s Olympic swimming gold medal in a sprint event. ____62____ (enter) Wednesday’s final session under huge pressure to end China’s gold medal drought in the Paris pool, the 19-year-old sent the capacity crowd at the La Defense Arena into a frenzy by clocking 46.40 seconds in the 100m freestyle final, to deliver the team a long-anticipated gold and take ____63____ incredible 0.4 seconds off his own previous world record time. It was the first world record that ____64____ (break) in any swimming competition at the Paris Games, and has ____65____ (significant) lifted the Chinese team’s spirit following a series of near-misses of the podium (领奖台) top spot in earlier events. “I just swam the race perfectly today and made a strong ____66____ (impress) for Chinese swimming. I hope this gold could boost the confidence of the whole team,” Pan said at the post-final news conference. Asked ____67____ he managed to achieve such a consistent improvement, Pan said it is all about working hard honestly ____68____ the right guidance. “As far as my daily training routine, I didn’t focus too much on speed training on my program. I did a lot of aerobics and endurance training ____69____ (strength) my push and kick in the final split. We have also been adopting a scientific underwater monitoring and analyzing system to review our techniques and strokes, so that we could train better and ____70____ (effective),” he said. 第三部分 写作 （共一节，满分15分） 71. 在口语课上，外教 Mona 组织同学们讨论是否应该使用网络投票（online voting）的方式评选校园十大歌手，请你代表小组发言，请你写一篇英语发言稿，内容包括： 1.小组观点； 2.陈述理由 （至少2点）。 参考词汇： the top ten campus singers （校园十大歌手） 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 海南中学2024-2025学年高二上学期入学测试英语试题 满分：120分，考试时间：100分钟 第一部分阅读理解 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Best Hollywood Tours Big Bus Tours Los Angeles Price: $ 47. 20 for adults; $ 39. 20 for kids Duration: 2 hours TMZ, known for its celebrity news-fueled television show and website, operates this bus tour that takes travelers through Hollywood in the hopes of seeing their favorite celebrities. During the two-hour trip, TMZ guides will take you to celebrity hang-outs in West Hollywood, Beverly Hills and more. The guides even bring video cameras in case a passing celebrity is willing to give an interview. Ultimate Hollywood Tours Price: $ 44 for adults; $ 34 for kids Duration: 2 hours Keep your eyes peeled for Hollywood A-listers on this two-hour open-top bus tour, which promises to drive by dozens of celebrity homes. The bus will also cruise down Rodeo Drive and pass by the Hollywood Walk of Fame landmark and the Dolby Theatre, among other celebrity haunts (常去的地方). Visitors appreciate the guides’ sense of humor and knowledge. They also say this is an excellent way to see the major attractions in Hollywood in a short amount of time. The Real Los Angeles Tours Price: $ 40 Duration: 2 hours During this historic walking tour, travelers will learn why Hollywood was selected by movie industry pioneers in the early 20th century. The two-hour tour also stops at unique sights, such as the oldest house in Hollywood. But major attractions aren’t forgotten either: You can expect to see the Capitol Records Building, the Dolby Theatre and the Hollywood Walk of Fame, among other sights. Reviewers enjoy the informative guides, and even locals say they discover things they never knew about the city. Open Bus Tours Price: $ 35 Duration: 2 hours Admire the mansions of Hollywood’s rich and famous as you wind through LA’s posh neighborhoods on this two-hour, open-air bus tour. Then, pass by iconic sights, such as the Hollywood sign and Mulholland Drive, before cruising along Rodeo Drive, the Sunset Strip and other well-known Hollywood locales. Most reviewers give the tour high marks, applauding the amusing and informative guides. 1. How much should Mr. and Mrs. Green pay if they take on Big Bus Tours Los Angeles? A. $47. 2 B. $78. 4 C. $86. 4 D. $94. 4 2. What is special with The Real Los Angeles Tours? A. It is a walking tour. B. Tourists are charged most. C. Tourists take on open bus. D. They are arranged to meet movie stars. 3. Which should you take if you want to visit the Sunset Strip? A. Big Bus Tours Los Angeles. B. Ultimate Hollywood Tours. C. The Real Los Angeles Tours. D. Open Bus Tours. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了四种好莱坞旅行项目，包括价格、持续时间及项目特色等信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Big Bus Tours Los Angeles部分中“Price: 47.20 for adults; 39. 20 for kids (价格：成人47. 20美元；儿童39. 20美元)”可知，成人票价为47.2美元，儿童票价为39.2美元。所以格林先生和夫人两位成人需要支付的费用是47.2乘以2，即94.4美元。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Big Bus Tours Los Angeles部分中“TMZ, known for its celebrity news-fueled television show and website, operates this bus tour that takes travelers through Hollywood in the hopes of seeing their favorite celebrities. (以名人新闻为主的电视节目和网站而闻名的TMZ，经营着这个巴士之旅，带着游客穿越好莱坞，希望能看到他们最喜欢的名人。)”；Ultimate Hollywood Tours部分中“Keep your eyes peeled for Hollywood A-listers on this two-hour open-top bus tour (在这两个小时的敞篷巴士之旅中，请睁大眼睛寻找好莱坞一线明星)”；The Real Los Angeles Tours部分中“During this historic walking tour, travelers will learn why Hollywood was selected by movie industry pioneers in the early 20th century. (在这次历史性的徒步旅行中，游客将了解为什么好莱坞在20世纪初被电影业的先驱们选中。)”和Open Bus Tours部分中“Admire the mansions of Hollywood’s rich and famous as you wind through LA’s posh neighborhoods on this two-hour, open-air bus tour. (在这两个小时的露天巴士之旅中，您将在洛杉矶的豪华社区中漫步，欣赏好莱坞富豪和名人的豪宅。)”可知，The Real Los Angeles Tours的特别之处在于它是一个徒步旅行，而其它都是巴士之旅。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Open Bus Tours部分中“Then, pass by iconic sights, such as the Hollywood sign and Mulholland Drive, before cruising along Rodeo Drive, the Sunset Strip and other well-known Hollywood locales. (然后，经过好莱坞标志和穆赫兰道等标志性景点，然后沿着罗迪欧大道、日落大道和其他著名的好莱坞景点游览。)”可知，如果想参观日落大道(Sunset Strip)，应该选择Open Bus Tours。故选D项。 B Growing up in a suburban neighborhood in the Northeastern United States, the advent of springtime didn’t hold much significance for me. While it did bring a week-long respite from school, the focus was more on the vacation aspect than the season itself. For the children in my community, spring was largely an overlooked period. The year was divided into two primary seasons: winter, which offered the thrill of ice skating, sledding, and constructing snow forts; and summer, which allowed us to fully enjoy the beach located a short distance from my home. Spring and autumn were merely transitional periods, marking the countdown to the more exciting seasons. It’s true that as I matured, spring began to hold a certain charm for me, as suggested by the poetic line, “In the spring a young man’s fancy lightly turns to thoughts of love,” penned by Alfred Lord Tennyson. However, my fascination was more with the romantic notions associated with the season rather than the season itself. In essence, spring was not a season I paid much heed to... until my journey to China. After spending roughly three months in Beijing, my first Spring Festival made its presence known in an undeniable way. The sporadic fireworks throughout the day and night were a clear indication, but what truly struck me was the apparent absence of the usual hustle and bustle in the city. The usual throngs of people, streams of vehicles, and the general city noise seemed to have vanished. This mystery was resolved upon my return to work. My colleagues enlightened me that it is customary for Chinese people to travel, if necessary, to reunite with their families during the Spring Festival. Many residents of Beijing are not originally from the capital. Furthermore, I was introduced to a fascinating aspect of the Spring Festival that continues to astonish me. Regardless of when the holiday commences, there is an almost instantaneous and perceptible improvement in the weather. Spring truly makes its entrance. The ancient Chinese ability to devise a system that could consistently and accurately herald the change of seasons, year after year, is beyond my comprehension. Yet, they managed to achieve this remarkable feat. 4. What did the author think of spring as a child? ______ A. It was a season full of promise. B. It was always beyond his imagination. C. It was a tiring and long holiday. D. It hardly left a good impression on him. 5. What impressed the author most about Beijing during the Spring Festival? ______ A. The busy traffic. B. The unexpected quietness. C. Beijingers’ love for travel. D. Occasional bursts of fireworks. 6. How does the author feel about the system created by ancient Chinese? ______ A. Adorable. B. Confused. C. Wonderful. D. Convenient. 7. What can be inferred from the text? ______ A. Spring Festival in Beijing will make one feel quite lonely. B. The author spent his first Spring Festival at a colleague’s home. C. In China Spring Festival always indicates the coming of Spring. D. The author still worked during the Spring Festival while in Beijing. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过对比作者童年时对春天的印象和在中国北京过春节的经历，表达了对中国文化的赞叹。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Growing up in a suburban neighborhood in the Northeastern United States, the advent of springtime didn’t hold much significance for me. (我在美国东北部的一个郊区长大，春天的到来对我来说并没有多大意义。)”可知作者小时候对春天几乎没有什么好感。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The sporadic fireworks throughout the day and night were a clear indication, but what truly struck me was the apparent absence of the usual hustle and bustle in the city. (白天和晚上零星的烟火是一个明显的迹象，但真正让我印象深刻的是，城市里明显没有往常的喧嚣。)”和第五段“The usual throngs of people, streams of vehicles, and the general city noise seemed to have vanished. (平时熙熙攘攘的人群、川流不息的车辆和城市的喧嚣似乎都消失了。)”可知作者对北京在春节期间的异常宁静印象深刻。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The ancient Chinese ability to devise a system that could consistently and accurately herald the change of seasons, year after year, is beyond my comprehension. Yet, they managed to achieve this remarkable feat. (中国古人能够设计出一种系统，能够年复一年地持续准确地预示季节的变化，这超出了我的理解。然而，他们成功地完成了这一了不起的壮举。)”表明作者对古代中国人创造的系统感到惊奇和赞叹。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Furthermore, I was introduced to a fascinating aspect of the Spring Festival that continues to astonish me. Regardless of when the holiday commences, there is an almost instantaneous and perceptible improvement in the weather. Spring truly makes its entrance. (此外，我还被介绍到春节迷人的一面，这让我一直感到惊讶。不管假期什么时候开始，天气几乎立刻就有了明显的好转。春天真的来了。)”可推断春节总是预示着春天的到来。故选C。 C Recently, campaigners have encouraged us to buy local food. This reduces “food miles”, that is, the distance food travels from the producer to the shop owner. They reason that the higher the food miles, the more carbon mission(排放物). However, the real story is not as simple as that. In fact, imported food often has a lower carbon footprint than locally grown good. Take apples, for example. The local apples the British buy in winter or spring have been kept refrigerated for months, and this uses a lot of energy. In spring, therefore, it is more energy-saving to import them from New Zealand, where they are in season. Heating also uses a lot of energy, which is why growing tomatoes in heated greenhouses in the UK is less environmentally friendly than importing them from Spain, where the crop grows well in the local climate. We must also take into account the type of transport. Transporting food by air creates more emissions. However, only a few goods are flown to the consumer country, and these are usually high-value, short-lived items which we cannot produce locally. Even then, these foods may not have a higher carbon footprint than locally grown food. For example, beans flown in from Kenya are grown in sunny fields using natural fertilizers, unlike in Britain, where we use oil-based fertilizers and machinery. Also, a product’s journey does not end at the supermarket. Driving a long way to shop for food will neutralize(抵消) any environmental benefits of buying locally grown produce. Furthermore, choosing local over imported food can also badly affect people in developing countries. If they are unable to sell produce overseas, they will have less income. Recently, some supermarkets have been trying to raise awareness of food miles by labeling foods to show they have been imported by air. But the message this gives is too simple. Lots of different factors contribute to a food’s carbon footprint. And. even if we only buy local food which is currently in season, there are ethical(伦理的) problems. What’s more, our diets would be more limited. 8. Why should the British buy imported apples according to the author? A. It reduces food miles. B. It benefits the local farmers. C. It is less energy-consuming. D. It is less costly and more convenient. 9. What can we infer about the foods transported by air? A. They are grown using oil-based fertilizers. B. They can be mass-produced locally. C. They have a low carbon footprint. D. They fail to have a long shelf life. 10. What does the author think of labeling foods? A. It does not give correct product information. B. It does not tell a full and accurate story. C. It will raise environmental awareness. D. It will help people to shop ethically. 11. What is the purpose of this text? A. To solve a problem. B. To make a prediction. C. To argue against a belief. D. To give practical advice. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要对“鼓励就近购买当地食品”这一主张进行了驳论，即，购买当地食品并不一定是环保的，作者从当地食品需要消耗能量储存，食品的运输方式，以及食品标签等方面进行了反驳论述。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“The local apples the British buy in winter or spring have been kept refrigerated for months, and this uses a lot of energy. In spring, therefore, it is more energy-saving to import them from New Zealand, where they are in season.(英国人在冬季或春季购买的当地苹果已经冷藏了几个月，这会消耗大量能源。因此，在春季，从新西兰进口更节能，因为在新西兰，春季是苹果的季节。)”可知，英国人从新西兰进口的苹果是当季的，可以节省冷藏消耗。由此推知，作者认为英国人应该购买进口苹果，因为进口苹果更节能。故选C项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容“However, only a few goods are flown to the consumer country, and these are usually high-value, short-lived items which we cannot produce locally.(然而，只有少数商品空运到消费国，这些通常是高价值、寿命短的商品，我们无法在当地生产。)”可知，空运的进口商品通常是高价值，寿命短的商品，即，这些商品的保质期短。故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“But the message this gives is too simple. Lots of different factors contribute to a food’s carbon footprint. (但这传达的信息太简单了。很多不同的因素会影响食物的碳足迹。)”可知，作者认为食品标签上的信息内容过于简单，因为，影响碳足迹的因素很多，而标签上没有详细解释。由此推知，在作者看来，食品标签没有讲述完整而准确的信息。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读文章内容可知，文章首段“Recently, campaigners have encouraged us to buy local food. This reduces “food miles”, that is, the distance food travels from the producer to the shop owner. They reason that the higher the food miles, the more carbon mission. (最近，活动人士鼓励我们购买当地食品。这减少了“食物里程”，即食物从生产者到店主的距离。他们认为食物里程越高，碳排放任务就越多。)”提出了一个主张：鼓励购买当地食品，原因是食物里程越高，碳排放就越多。而在第二段首句则用“However, the real story is not as simple as that.(然而，实际情况并非如此简单。)”对该主张进行了反驳，同时在后文从食物储藏，食物运输，以及食物标签等方面进行了论证。由此可推知，文章的写作目的是进行反驳。故选C项。 D Some people often wonder whether they are fighting a battle with their genes to maintain a healthy weight. In fact, researchers have provided plenty of evidence that people are born with tendencies to be lighter or heavier. For example, studies of identical twins have revealed great similarity in their overall weight. Part of this similarity may be explained by the finding that some people are born to burn a lot of calories just through ordinary day-to-day activities while others are not. Those who are not are more at risk for weight gain. Researchers have discovered some of the actual genetic mechanisms (机制) that may make some individuals more likely to be obese. For example, a gene has been found that appears to control signals to the brain that enough fat has been stored in the body in the course of a meal — so the individual should stop eating. The gene influences the production of leptin (瘦蛋白), which keeps appetite under control. If leptin doesn’t work well, it is likely that individuals will continue to eat. Thus the gene that controls leptin appears to have a critical influence on the potential for obesity. The confirmation that leptin plays a role in weight control has encouraged researchers to identify and understand other weight-related genes. Recent attention has focused on a gene called GAD2. GAD2 helps control the amount of the neurotransmitter (神经递质) GABA. In general, when more GABA is available, appetite is increased. For that reason, people who have a form of GAD2 that allows more GABA to be available may be at risk for overeating. You can see that GAD2 is not directly an obesity gene. Rather it has an indirect influence on obesity through its direct influence on GABA. Genetic research holds out the promise of innovative solutions to obesity. Researchers hope that an understanding of the link between genes and weight control will enable them to provide new drug treatments. Nonetheless, even the most optimistic researchers provide a warning: “Innovative drugs will be effective only when they are used along with lifestyle changes.” 12. How does the author develop Paragraph 1? A. By giving an example. B. By making an assumption. C. By asking questions. D. By reasoning and analyzing. 13. What does the underlined word “obese” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Powerful. B. Fat. C. Active. D. Outgoing. 14. What do researchers suggest doing in the last paragraph? A. Taking new drugs. B. Understanding genetic effects. C. Keeping a healthy lifestyle. D. Trying to adjust GAD2. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. The Sorts of Genus Helping You Keep Thin B. The Reason Why You Become Too Heavy C. How Does Genetics Contribute to Obesity? D. What Influence Does Food Have on Weight? 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲的是研究人员发现了一些可能使某些人更容易肥胖的实际遗传机制。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Some people often wonder whether they are fighting a battle with their genes to maintain a healthy weight. In fact, researchers have provided plenty of evidence that people are born with tendencies to be lighter or heavier. For example, studies of identical twins have revealed great similarity in their overall weight. Part of this similarity may be explained by the finding that some people are born to burn a lot of calories just through ordinary day-to-day activities while others are not. Those who are not are more at risk for weight gain.(有些人常常想知道，他们是否在与自己的基因进行一场战斗，以保持健康的体重。事实上，研究人员已经提供了大量证据，证明人们天生就有更轻或更重的倾向。例如，对同卵双胞胎的研究表明，他们的总体体重非常相似。研究发现，有些人天生就能通过日常活动燃烧大量卡路里，而另一些人则不然，这可以部分解释这种相似性。那些不这样做的人体重增加的风险更大)”可知，作者举例说明展开第一段。故选A。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“For example, a gene has been found that appears to control signals to the brain that enough fat has been stored in the body in the course of a meal—so the individual should stop eating. The gene influences the production of leptin (瘦蛋白), which keeps appetite under control. If leptin doesn’t work well, it is likely that individuals will continue to eat. Thus the gene that controls leptin appears to have a critical influence on the potential for obesity.(例如，已经发现一种基因似乎可以控制向大脑发出的信号，即在用餐过程中体内储存了足够的脂肪，因此个体应该停止进食。这种基因影响瘦素的产生，而瘦素能控制食欲。如果瘦素不起作用，人们很可能会继续吃。因此，控制瘦素的基因似乎对肥胖的可能性有关键影响)”以及划线词上文“Researchers have discovered some of the actual genetic mechanisms (机制) that may make some individuals more likely to be”可知，研究人员已经发现了一些实际的遗传机制，这些机制可能使一些人更容易肥胖。故划线词意思是“肥胖的”。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Nonetheless, even the most optimistic researchers provide a warning: “Innovative drugs will be effective only when they are used along with lifestyle changes.”(然而，即使是最乐观的研究人员也提出了警告：“创新药物只有在与生活方式的改变一起使用时才会有效。”)”可知，研究人员建议保持健康的生活方式。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Researchers have discovered some of the actual genetic mechanisms (机制) that may make some individuals more likely to be obese.(研究人员已经发现了一些实际的遗传机制，这些机制可能使一些人更容易肥胖)”结合文章主要讲的是研究人员发现了一些可能使某些人更容易肥胖的实际遗传机制。可知，C选项“基因是如何导致肥胖的？”最符合文章标题。故选C。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Every New Year, thousands decide they’re going to change their lives. Fewer than 10 percent actually stick with their plans, and that figure is being generous. ____16____. Not aiming high enough. While it’s easy to think setting easy goals will keep you motivated, it may harm your long-term motivation. If you make goals that are too achievable, you’ll get bored and lose interest. ____17____. If you’re used to staying within your comfort zone, you'll be missing out on the satisfaction of achieving a life-changing goal. When you push yourself, you'll be able to build unshakable confidence as you achieve goal after goal. ____18____. This is a fear many of us deal with. Instead of taking action, we start worrying about “ What if?” “What if it doesn’t work out? What if my dream isn’t truly my dream? What if I don’t succeed?” If you have trouble creating a vision , then you’re at the risk of being aimless through life. ____19____. You can start the process of discovering your life purpose by asking yourself, “ What would my ideal life look like?” Letting fear control your mind and actions. Fear can prevent you from achieving your dreams. You’ll miss out on opportunities in life if you don’t learn how to manage your fears. ____20____ . One way to manage fear is to look for the root cause of your fear. With deep introspection (反省), you can uncover the exact moment when those fears are holding you back from growing. This will give you a window of opportunity to communicate with your inner being and find release. A. Lacking self-confidence B. Being uncertain about the future C. Fortunately, fear can be overcome D. Below you’ll find some common reasons why you’re losing motivation E. Many of us are motivated not by a desire to achieve, but by fear of failure F. Ideally, you want to strike a balance between pushing yourself and creating realistic goals G. However, when you find your purpose and passion, you’ll be driven to struggle for excellence 【答案】16. D 17. F 18. B 19. G 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了导致我们失去动力的常见原因以及如何去分别克服它们。 【16题详解】 根据第一段的前两句“Every New Year, thousands decide they're going to change their lives. Fewer than 10 percent actually stick with their plans, and that figure is being generous.（每年的新年，成千上万的人决定要改变他们的生活，但实际上只有不到10%的人坚持自己的计划。）”可知，本段在说明多数人难以坚持自己的计划。根据设空处的下一段的第一句“Not aiming high enough.（目标不够高）”可知，文章接下来是说明原因。故D项“下面你会发现一些导致你失去动力的常见原因”符合题意。故选D项。 【17题详解】 根据设空的前一句“If you make goals that are too achievable, you'll get bored and lose interest.（如果你制定的目标太过容易实现，你会感到无聊，失去兴趣。）”可知，本段在讲述目标过低的情况。F项“理想情况下，你需要在督促自己和设定现实目标之间取得平衡”与空前一句联系紧密，并与下文中的 “push yourself（推动自己）”相呼应，符合语境。故选F项。 【18题详解】 根据文章的结构可知，此空位于段首，应是主题句。根据下文中的“worrying about（担忧）”和段中多次提到的“What if（假若……怎么办）”可知，本段介绍的是不确定的情况，故B项“对未来不确定”符合语境。故选B项。 【19题详解】 根据设空前一句“If you have trouble creating a vision , then you’re at the risk of being aimless through life.（如果你在设立愿景方面有困难，那么你就有可能在生活中漫无目的。）”和设空后一句“You can start the process of discovering your life purpose by asking yourself, " What would my ideal life look like?"（你可以通过问自己“我的理想生活是什么样子的？”来开始探索你的人生目标）”可推断，空处是过渡句，承上启下。G项“然而，当你找到自己的目标和激情时，你就会被驱使着去追求卓越” 中的“purpose（目标）”与设空后的“life purpose（人生目标）”相呼应，符合语境。故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据设空前一句“You’ll miss out on opportunities in life if you don't learn how to manage your fears.（如果你不学会控制自己的恐惧，你将会错过生活中的机会。）”和设空后一句“One way to manage fear is to look for the root cause of your fear.（管理恐惧的一种方法是寻找恐惧的根源。）”可推知，设空处应是关于管理或克服恐惧的内容，故选C项“幸运的是，恐惧是可以克服的”符合上下文语境。故选C项。 第二部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分55分） 第一节 （共15个小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It's late—my wife and I are exhausted and covered in mud. There's an old woman shouting at us in Vietnamese, refusing to let us leave the house. Behind is her ___21___, who I'm desperately trying to stop from taking her shirt off. It's chaos. Helpless and ___22___, I wonder: how did it come to this? We were on a motorcycle tour of Laos and Vietnam. We just ___23___ the border into Vietnam smoothly. Then the trouble began: the highway. The road was under ___24___ and in its place ___25___ the slipperiest mud slide imaginable. We were reduced to such a speed that ___26___ the motorcycle and starting walking seemed a possible option. Exhausted and dirty, we were ready to ___27___. Cancel the trip? I doubted. It just wasn't worth it. Seven hours later, at our lowest point, we finally reached tarmac (柏油路) . Too defeated to ___28___ the new-found road, we pulled into what appeared a restaurant, figuring we could ask for ___29___. There we were greeted by a teenage girl. That brings us back to where we kicked off. The old woman is ___30___, not in a scary way ,but in an “I'm repeating myself louder and louder and you'll understand” kind of way. The teenage daughter keeps attempting to ___31___ in front of us. Desperately wanting to get to a hotel, we try to leave but the old woman pushes us back. We have no idea what we've gotten ourselves into, nor how the he’ll we are going to ___32___. Then there's a knock at the door — a man is outside and we're told to follow him. It turns out that they've called him to lead us into town. The mother stopped us because of this and the daughter was just trying to ask us if we wanted to ___33___ our clothes. The people were so unbelievably helpful. This ___34___ continued for our entire trip. It helped us find new strength — the confidence, no matter how ___35___ it gets, to just keep going. 21. A. mother B. husband C. daughter D. neighbor 22. A. determined B. confused C. amused D. inspired 23. A. crossed B. closed C. defined D. climbed 24. A. threat B. investigation C. construction D. guarantee 25. A. lined B. trapped C. struck D. lay 26. A. repairing B. riding C. cleaning D. abandoning 27. A. throw in the towel B. face the music C. let out steam D. tick all the boxes 28. A. see B. block C. describe D. appreciate 29. A. assessment B. directions C. facilities D. identification 30. A. whispering B. singing C. yelling D. lecturing 31. A. unload B. undress C. unlock D. unpack 32. A. escape B. continue C. travel D. lead 33. A. sell B. display C. change D. iron 34. A. persistence B. intelligence C. sympathy D. kindness 35. A. bad B. dark C. far D. dirty 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和妻子骑摩托车去老挝和越南旅行，在半路遇到了困难，他们又累又脏，结果得到了当地人的好心帮助。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后面是她的女儿，我拼命想阻止她脱衣服。A. mother母亲；B. husband丈夫；C. daughter女儿；D. neighbor邻居。根据后文“The teenage daughter keeps attempting to”可知，女人的后面是她的女儿。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我既无助又困惑，我想知道：事情怎么会变成这样？A. determined坚定的；B. confused困惑的；C. amused被逗乐的；D. inspired受鼓舞的。根据后文“I wonder: how did it come to this?”可知，作者感到无助和困惑。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们刚刚顺利越过边境进入越南。A. crossed越过；B. closed关闭；C. defined定义；D. climbed攀爬。根据后文“the border into Vietnam smoothly”指作者他们刚刚顺利越过边境进入越南。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这条路正在建设中，在它的位置上有可以想象到的最滑的泥石流。A. threat威胁；B. investigation调查；C. construction建造；D. guarantee保证。根据后文“the slipperiest mud slide imaginable”可知，道路正在建设，上面有泥石流。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这条路正在建设中，在它的位置上有可以想象到的最滑的泥石流。A. lined排队；B. trapped使被困；C. struck卡住；D. lay安放。根据后文“the slipperiest mud slide imaginable”可知，此处指道路的上方存在泥石流，此处lay表示存在，故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的速度降到了如此之快，以至于放弃摩托车开始步行似乎是一个可能的选择。A. repairing修理；B. riding骑车；C. cleaning清理；D. abandoning抛弃。根据后文“the motorcycle and starting walking”可知，他们打算放弃摩托车，开始步行。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们又累又脏，准备认输了。A. throw in the towel认输；B. face the music面对现实；C. let out steam释放压力；D. tick all the boxes符合要求。根据后文“Cancel the trip? I doubted.”可知，他们又累又脏，准备认输了。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们太沮丧了，无法欣赏这条新发现的道路，于是把车开进了一家看起来像是餐馆的地方，想着可以问路。A. see看见；B. block阻塞；C. describe描述；D. appreciate欣赏。根据后文“the new-found road”指欣赏刚发现的道路。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们太沮丧了，无法欣赏这条新发现的道路，于是把车开进了一家看起来像是餐馆的地方，想着可以问路。A. assessment评估；B. directions方向；C. facilities设备；D. identification辨认。根据上文“we pulled into what appeared a restaurant, figuring we could ask for”可知，他们来到餐馆想要问路。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：老妇人在大喊大叫，不是用一种可怕的方式，而是一种“我在越来越大声地重复我的话，你会明白的”的方式。A. whispering低语；B. singing唱歌；C. yelling叫喊；D. lecturing演讲。根据上文“There’s an old woman shouting at us”可知，老妇人在大喊大叫。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个十几岁的女儿一直想在我们面前脱衣服。A. unload卸下；B. undress脱衣服；C. unlock解锁；D. unpack打开。根据上文“stop from taking her shirt off.”可知，那个十几岁的女儿一直想在他们面前脱衣服。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不知道自己陷入了什么境地，也不知道我们要怎么逃脱。A. escape逃走；B. continue继续；C. travel旅行；D. lead领导。根据上文“Desperately wanting to get to a hotel, we try to leave but the old woman pushes us back.(我们拼命想去旅馆，想离开，但老妇人把我们推了回来。)”可知，作者他们不知道怎么逃脱这种处境。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：母亲因此阻止了我们，女儿只是想问我们是否想换衣服。A. sell出售；B. display展示；C. change改变；D. iron熨烫。根据后文“our clothes”以及后文“The people were so unbelievably helpful.(这些人都非常乐于助人。)”指女儿想询问他们是否想换衣服，故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们的整个旅行中，这种善意一直持续着。A. persistence毅力；B. intelligence智慧；C. sympathy同情；D. kindness善良。根据上文“The people were so unbelievably helpful.(这些人都非常乐于助人。)”此处指接受到了善意一直持续着，故选D。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它帮助我们找到了新的力量——无论情况多么糟糕，都要继续前进的信心。A. bad糟糕的；B. dark黑暗的；C. far远的；D. dirty脏的。根据上文“It helped us find new strength—the confidence, no matter how”以及作者他们在路上遇到了很多困难，所以是指情况糟糕。故选A。 第二节 （共25个小题；每小题1分，满分25分） 36. The audience were ________ (amuse) by the funny performance of the clown. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】amused 【解析】 【详解】句意：观众被小丑滑稽的表演逗得哈哈大笑。空格处是谓语动词，句子的主语the audience与动词amuse之间是被动关系，且空格前有were，所以空格处应该用过去分词amused，构成一般过去时的被动语态。 37. The explorer spent five years on the isolated island and experienced a series of ________ (amaze) adventures. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】amazing 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位探险家在孤岛上呆了五年，经历了一系列令人惊奇的冒险。空处作修饰adventures的定语，描述其性质，形容词amazing符合题意，意为“令人惊奇的”。 38. Although he is lacking in ability, time and energy, he has no ________ (intend) to give up in despair. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】intention 【解析】 【详解】句意：尽管他缺乏能力、时间和精力，但他无意在绝望中放弃。根据空格前的has no可知，空格处应该用名词intention作宾语。 39. Taking a horse-riding is a good way to explore the ________ (surround) countryside for tourists. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】surrounding 【解析】 【详解】句意：​对游客来说，骑马是探索周边乡村的好方法。空处位于定冠词the之后、名词countryside之前，需用形容词作定语；surround的形容词形式为surrounding，意为“周围的，附近的”。 40. The amount of sleep we need ________(vary) from person to person. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】varies 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我们需要的睡眠量因人而异。分析句子结构可知，we need为定语从句修饰限定sleep，所给词vary为动词，意为“（使）不同，（根据情况而）变化”，在主句中作谓语，结合句意，该句描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语的中心词amount为单数形式，故谓语动词要用单三形式。故填varies。 41. Asking a lady’s age definitely puts her ______ the spot in some countries. (用适当的词填空)    【答案】on 【解析】 【详解】句意：在某些国家，询问女士的年龄肯定会让她处于尴尬境地。由于put sb. on the spot是固定短语，表示“使某人处于尴尬境地/困境”，介词on符合题干要求。 42. A teenager had better equip himself ________ knowledge.   (用适当的词填空) 【答案】with 【解析】 【详解】句意：青少年最好用知识来充实自己。equip sb. with sth.意为“使某人具备某物，使某人装备某物”。 43. From this point of view, we think Sunflower is the most ________ (represent) of all Van Gogh’s works. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】representative 【解析】 【详解】句意：从这个角度来看，我们认为《向日葵》是梵高所有作品中最具有代表性的。根据空格前的is the most和空格后的介词of可知，空格处应该填入形容词representative作表语，构成固定搭配be representative of“是……的代表/有代表性的”。 44. Despite some ________ (desire) side effects, the cancer drug continues to be used in Japan. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】undesirable 【解析】 【详解】句意：尽管存在一些不良副作用，这款抗癌药物在日本仍继续投入使用。修饰名词effects，表示“不良的”用形容词undesirable，作定语。 45. To my surprise, she accepted the decision without ________ (argue). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】argument 【解析】 【详解】句意：令我意外的是，她毫无异议地接受了这个决定。作介词的宾语，用名词argument(异议)，不可数。 46. These experiments have proved the ________ (possible) of the existence of life on that planet. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】possibility 【解析】 【详解】句意：这些实验已经证明了那颗行星上存在生命的可能性。定冠词the后需要接名词作proved的宾语，形容词possible的名词形式为possibility，表示“可能性”。 47. Anyone can’t remove those books ________ the reading room without the permission of the librarian.   (用适当的词填空) 【答案】from 【解析】 【详解】句意：未经图书管理员许可，任何人都不能把那些书带出阅览室。固定搭配remove sth. from sp.表示“把某物从某处拿走/带出”。 48. What is ________ (appeal) to me is the way he acts and speaks. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】appealing 【解析】 【详解】句意：吸引我的是他做事和说话的方式。设空处在主语从句中作表语，需用形容词。appeal的形容词形式appealing表示“吸引人的”。 49. Ben is very sensitive so he just can’t take ________ (criticize). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】criticism 【解析】 【详解】句意：Ben十分敏感，所以他无法接受批评。动词take后需要名词作宾语。criticize是动词，意为“批评”；其名词形式criticism，表示“批评”，为不可数名词。 50. I was charged 68 yuan ________ a bowl of noodles at the airport.   (用适当的词填空) 【答案】for 【解析】 【详解】句意：在机场，一碗面条收了我68元。短语charge sb. money for sth.表示“因某物向某人收费”。 51. This machine is beyond repair because some of its parts are not ________ (replace). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】replaceable 【解析】 【详解】句意：这台机器无法修理，因为它的一些零件无法更换。空格位于系动词are之后，需要填入形容词作表语。replace是动词，表示“更换”；replaceable为形容词，意为“可更换的”，not replaceable表示“不可更换的”，契合机器修不好的语境。 52. The private enterprises sometimes perform better than some state-owned ________ (compete). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】competitors 【解析】 【详解】句意：民营企业有时比一些国有竞争对手表现更好。 形容词state-owned后面需要接名词，作介词than的宾语。compete对应的competitor“竞争者”符合，被some修饰，应用复数形式competitors。 53. For the sake of his health, he has decided to cut ________on smoking and drinking.   (用适当的词填空) 【答案】down 【解析】 【详解】句意：为了健康，他决定减少抽烟和喝酒。cut down on sth是固定表达，意为“减少、削减”，符合语境“为了健康他决定减少烟酒摄入”的语义，因此填入down。 54. Finally, it took her 3 years to pay ________ the student loans.   (用适当的词填空) 【答案】off 【解析】 【详解】句意：最终，她花了三年时间还清了学生贷款。pay off是固定搭配，意为“还清 (债务)”，符合句中“她花了三年时间还清学生贷款”的语境。 55. Quarrels always break ________ between the couple because they are both unwilling to give in to each other.   (用适当的词填空) 【答案】out 【解析】 【详解】句意：夫妻之间总是因为彼此都不愿让步而发生争吵。根据句中的quarrels和between the couple可知，动词短语break out表示“(争吵、战争等不愉快事件) 突然爆发、发生”，契合题干中夫妻间爆发争吵的语境，因此填入out。 56. ________ average, how much do you spend on clothing every month?   (用适当的词填空) 【答案】On 【解析】 【详解】句意：平均来说，你每个月在衣物上花费多少钱？固定短语on average，意为“平均；通常”，置于句首时首字母大写。 57. ________ (offer) an important role in the movie directed by the famous director, Sally has got a chance to become famous. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Offered 【解析】 【详解】句意：著名导演执导的影片给了萨莉一个重要角色，她获得了成名的机会。句中已有谓语动词has got，空处应用非谓语动词，offer和逻辑主语Sally之间为被动关系，且动作已经完成，应用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。 58. A lot of survivors_____________(rescue)by the soldiers in that area where the earthquake happened since yesterday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been rescued 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：许多幸存者已经被那个地区的士兵营救，那里从昨天开始地震。根据since可知，时态是现在完成时。survivors与rescue是动宾关系，故用被动语态，故填have been rescued。 59. She is very talented, ________ (compare) with her peers, who is also very kind. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】compared 【解析】 【详解】句意：她非常有才华，与同龄人相比，也十分善良。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，compare“比较”和She逻辑上是被动关系，因此用compare的过去分词形式，作状语。 60. The man to ______ you talked is our new PE teacher. (用适当的词填空)    【答案】whom 【解析】 【详解】句意：和你交谈的那个男人是我们的新体育老师。to ________ you talked是介词+关系词引导的定语从句修饰先行词The man；先行词是人，所填关系词在从句中作介词to的宾语，关系代词whom符合题干要求。 第三节 （共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s freestyle swimmer Pan Zhanle has thanked a scientific training program for his world record-breaking feat (功绩) at the Paris Olympics as the country celebrates ____61____ (it) first men’s Olympic swimming gold medal in a sprint event. ____62____ (enter) Wednesday’s final session under huge pressure to end China’s gold medal drought in the Paris pool, the 19-year-old sent the capacity crowd at the La Defense Arena into a frenzy by clocking 46.40 seconds in the 100m freestyle final, to deliver the team a long-anticipated gold and take ____63____ incredible 0.4 seconds off his own previous world record time. It was the first world record that ____64____ (break) in any swimming competition at the Paris Games, and has ____65____ (significant) lifted the Chinese team’s spirit following a series of near-misses of the podium (领奖台) top spot in earlier events. “I just swam the race perfectly today and made a strong ____66____ (impress) for Chinese swimming. I hope this gold could boost the confidence of the whole team,” Pan said at the post-final news conference. Asked ____67____ he managed to achieve such a consistent improvement, Pan said it is all about working hard honestly ____68____ the right guidance. “As far as my daily training routine, I didn’t focus too much on speed training on my program. I did a lot of aerobics and endurance training ____69____ (strength) my push and kick in the final split. We have also been adopting a scientific underwater monitoring and analyzing system to review our techniques and strokes, so that we could train better and ____70____ (effective),” he said. 【答案】61. its 62. Entering 63. an 64. had been broken 65. significantly 66. impression 67. how 68. and 69. to strengthen 70. more effectively 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了中国自由泳运动员潘展乐在巴黎奥运会男子100米自由泳项目中打破世界纪录夺得中国奥运史上首枚男子短距离游泳金牌的相关情况，同时他也分享了自己取得优异成绩的训练经验与感悟。 【61题详解】 考查代词。句意：中国自由泳运动员潘展乐感谢一项科学训练计划，他在巴黎奥运会上取得了打破世界纪录的壮举，中国正在庆祝其首枚男子奥运会短距离游泳金牌。设空处后为名词短语first men’s Olympic swimming gold medal，需要形容词性修饰该名词短语。括号内的it是人称代词主格，要转换为形容词性物主代词its表示“它的”，指代中国。 【62题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这名19岁小将背负巨大压力出战周三决赛，力求打破中国游泳队在巴黎泳池赛场的金牌荒，他在男子100米自由泳决赛中游出46.40秒，引爆拉德芳斯体育馆全场观众热情，为中国队斩获期盼已久的金牌，同时将自己保持的原世界纪录大幅提升0.4秒。句中已有谓语动词sent，设空处为非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the 19-year-old和enter之间是主动关系，要用现在分词形式，句首单词首字母大写。 【63题详解】 考查冠词。句意同上。设空处修饰incredible，此处表示“一个、一段”的泛指概念，且incredible以元音音素开头，要用不定冠词an。 【64题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：这是巴黎奥运会所有游泳赛事中诞生的第一项新纪录。在此前多项赛事里中国队数次与金牌失之交臂，这项纪录极大提振了全队士气。此处是固定句式it was the first world record that...，主句为一般过去时，从句动作break发生在主句动作之前，属于“过去的过去”，要用过去完成时；同时world record和break之间是被动关系，需用被动语态。 【65题详解】 考查副词。句意同上。设空处修饰动词lifted，需要使用副词significantly作状语。 【66题详解】 考查名词。句意：我今天游得非常完美，为中国游泳留下了深刻的印象。设空处位于形容词strong之后，作动词made的宾语，需要使用名词形式impression，固定搭配make a strong impression表示“留下深刻印象”。 【67题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：当被问及他是如何做到这样持续进步的，潘展乐表示这完全是靠踏实的刻苦训练。设空处引导宾语从句，作动词Asked的宾语，根据句意此处表示“如何、怎样”，询问方式，要用引导词how。 【68题详解】 考查连词。句意同上。空格前后的hard working honestly和the right guidance是并列的两个成功要素，需要用并列连词and连接。 【69题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我做了大量有氧和耐力训练来增强自己最后分段的蹬壁和打腿力量。句中已有谓语动词did，设空处为非谓语动词作目的状语，要用动词不定式形式。 【70题详解】 考查副词比较级。句意：我们还一直在运用一套科学的水下监测分析系统，复盘技术动作与泳姿，这样我们就能训练得更好、更高效。设空处和并列的比较级better对应，修饰动词train，需要使用副词的比较级形式，形容词effective的副词形式是effectively，比较级为more effectively。 第三部分 写作 （共一节，满分15分） 71. 在口语课上，外教 Mona 组织同学们讨论是否应该使用网络投票（online voting）的方式评选校园十大歌手，请你代表小组发言，请你写一篇英语发言稿，内容包括： 1.小组观点； 2.陈述理由 （至少2点）。 参考词汇： the top ten campus singers （校园十大歌手） 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Hello, Mona and everyone. Our group believes we shouldn’t use online voting to choose the top ten campus singers. First, online voting is often unfair. Some students might just ask their friends to vote for them, instead of focusing on the actual singing skills. Second, it can cause unnecessary stress. Students may spend too much time trying to get votes online, which takes away from practicing their music. In short, we think that judges or live audience votes would be a better and fairer way. Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】在口语课上，外教Mona组织同学们讨论是否应该使用网络投票的方式评选校园十大歌手，本篇书面表达要求考生代表小组写一篇发言稿。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 不公平的：unfair → unjust 压力：stress → pressure 引起，导致：cause → lead to 专注于：focus on → concentrate on 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：First, online voting is often unfair. 拓展句：First, we are concerned that online voting is often unfair. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Students may spend too much time trying to get votes online, which takes away from practicing their music.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】In short, we think that judges or live audience votes would be a better and fairer way.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $