专题02 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle-【语境串考点】一轮高频考点 单元备考学案 -2027届高三英语人教版选择性必修第三册

该高中英语高考复习学案聚焦10个高考高频词汇，以语境串记为核心构建知识体系，通过主题语篇、词根拆解及词性变化总表系统梳理词义、搭配与派生考点，引导学生自主建立“词汇-语境-考点”的关联网络，体现考点梳理的系统性和层次性。 特色在于多维度自主学习支持，如语境复现语法填空整合真题考点，知识点默写与自我检测复述模板帮助学生自主诊断，培养语言能力和学习能力。关联阅读与写作词汇升级活动提升思维品质，教师可依学情精准指导，助力因材施教。

专题02【语境串考点】第二单元备考学案（人教版2019） 高考高频知识点：abuse / dominate / rely / facilitate / negative / discipline / compose / disturb / enhance / absorb （知识点来源：选择性必修三 Unit 2 · Healthy Lifestyle + 高考高频知识点） 学校:____________________ 姓名：____________________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 2 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 3 Part 4 词性变化总表 7 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 7 【练习题】 7 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 9 【练习题】 9 Part 7 关联阅读 9 Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 11 Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 12 Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 13 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 In today's digital age, many teenagers find themselves trapped in unhealthy habits. The overuse or even (abuse) of smartphones and social media can easily (dominate) a young person's daily life, leaving little time for study, exercise or real-world social interaction. Worse still, many teens (rely) so heavily on their devices for entertainment that they forget how to enjoy offline activities such as reading, sports or simply talking with family members. Breaking free from these habits requires strong self-(discipline) and a systematic approach. Experts suggest that creating a daily schedule can greatly (facilitate) the process of building healthier routines. Instead of focusing on (negative) thoughts about what you are giving up, try to think positively about what you are gaining — more energy, better sleep, and improved concentration. A balanced lifestyle should be (composed) of regular physical activity, adequate sleep, nutritious meals and meaningful social connections. Avoid letting notifications (disturb) your focus when you are studying or working. Research shows that regular exercise can significantly (enhance) brain function and memory, while reading helps you (absorb) new knowledge and broaden your perspective. By making small but consistent changes, anyone can transform their daily habits and live a healthier, more fulfilling life. 【中文译文】 在当今数字时代，许多青少年发现自己陷入了不健康的习惯中。对智能手机和社交媒体的过度使用甚至（abuse）滥用，很容易（dominate）主导年轻人的日常生活，留给学习、锻炼和现实社交的时间寥寥无几。更糟糕的是，许多青少年如此严重地（rely）依赖电子设备获取娱乐，以至于忘记了如何享受线下活动，如阅读、运动或简单地与家人交谈。 摆脱这些习惯需要强大的自我（discipline）纪律和系统的方法。专家建议，制定每日时间表可以大大（facilitate）促进建立更健康日常习惯的过程。与其关注你正在放弃什么的（negative）消极想法，不如积极地思考你正在获得什么——更多的精力、更好的睡眠和更集中的注意力。 平衡的生活方式应由规律的体育活动、充足的睡眠、营养的膳食和有意义的社交联系（compose）组成。避免让通知（disturb）打扰你在学习或工作时的专注。研究表明，定期锻炼可以显著（enhance）提升大脑功能和记忆力，而阅读则帮助你（absorb）吸收新知识，拓宽视野。通过做出微小但持续的改变，任何人都可以改变自己的日常习惯，过上更健康、更充实的生活。 💡 语境串联记忆线索：数字时代→滥用智能设备→主导生活→依赖娱乐→自律→促进健康→摒弃消极→规律组成→不被干扰→提升大脑→吸收新知 记忆链：abuse → dominate → rely → discipline → facilitate → negative → compose → disturb → enhance → absorb Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + 高考考点 1 abuse /əˈbjuːs/ (n.) /əˈbjuːz/ (v.) n./vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 ⚡考点：drug/alcohol abuse；abuse of power；同义misuse 2 dominate /ˈdɒmɪneɪt/ vt. 支配；控制；主宰 ⚡考点：dominate the market；domination n. 统治；dominant adj. 占优势的 3 rely /rɪˈlaɪ/ vi. 依赖；依靠 ⚡考点：rely on/upon = depend on；reliable adj. 可靠的；reliability n. 可靠性 4 discipline /ˈdɪsəplɪn/ n. 纪律；自制力；学科 vt. 训练 ⚡考点：self-discipline 自律；strict discipline 严格纪律；disciplined adj. 有纪律的 5 facilitate /fəˈsɪlɪteɪt/ vt. 促进；使便利 ⚡考点：facilitate communication；facility n. 设施/才能；facilitator n. 促进者 6 negative /ˈneɡətɪv/ adj. 消极的；否定的；负的 ⚡考点：a negative attitude；negative effect；反义positive；negatively adv. 消极地 7 compose /kəmˈpəʊz/ vt. 组成；作曲；撰写 ⚡考点：be composed of = consist of；composition n. 组成/作文/作曲；composer n. 作曲家 8 disturb /dɪˈstɜːb/ vt. 打扰；扰乱；使不安 ⚡考点：disturb the peace；disturbing adj. 令人不安的；disturbance n. 干扰 9 enhance /ɪnˈhɑːns/ vt. 提高；增强；改善 ⚡考点：enhance quality/efficiency；enhancement n. 增强；同义improve/boost 10 absorb /əbˈzɔːb/ vt. 吸收；吸引；使专注 ⚡考点：be absorbed in 全神贯注于；absorb knowledge；absorption n. 吸收；专注 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. abuse /əˈbjuːs/ (n.) /əˈbjuːz/ (v.) n./vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 【核心考点】 abuse是不当行为类核心词汇。drug/alcohol abuse（药物/酒精滥用）为健康类话题高频短语。abuse of power（滥用权力）为法律/社会类阅读词块。词性读音区分：名词读/əˈbjuːs/，动词读/əˈbjuːz/，这是高考听力辨音考点。同义词misuse（误用/滥用）在近义辨析中出现。注意abuse与use（使用）的词义关联——"不正常的"使用。 【词根联想】 ab-（偏离/不正常）+ use（使用）→ 偏离正常使用→ 滥用/虐待。联想：ab = "偏离"→ abuse = "不正常地使用"→ 滥用。同词根：abnormal（不正常的→偏离正常），absent（缺席的→偏离在场）。 【经典原句】 ① "The long-term abuse of antibiotics has led to the rise of drug-resistant bacteria, which is now a serious threat to global public health." （经典原句·abuse 滥用） 【搭配词块】 drug abuse 药物滥用 / alcohol abuse 酗酒 / abuse of power 滥用权力 / child abuse 虐待儿童 / abusive adj. 辱骂的 2. dominate /ˈdɒmɪneɪt/ vt. 支配；控制；主宰 【核心考点】 dominate是力量对比类核心动词。dominate the market/industry（主导市场/行业）为经济类阅读高频搭配。domination n.（统治/支配）→ dominant adj.（占优势的/主导的）→ dominance n.（优势/支配地位）为完整派生链。注意dominant（形容词，修饰名词）与dominating（动名词，动态感强）的用法差异：the dominant language（占主导的语言）vs a dominating position（支配性的地位）。 【词根联想】 源自拉丁语dominari（统治/主宰），dom-（房子/主人）为原始印欧语词根。联想：dom = "主人"→ dominate = "像主人一样"→ 支配/主宰。同族词：domestic（家庭的→主人的房子→国内的）、domain（领域→主人的地盘）。 【经典原句】 ① "For many years, fossil fuels have dominated the global energy market, but renewable sources like solar and wind power are rapidly gaining ground." （经典原句·dominate 主导） 【搭配词块】 dominate the market 主导市场 / dominate the conversation 主导对话 / dominant adj. 占优势的 / domination n. 统治 / dominating position 支配地位 3. rely /rɪˈlaɪ/ vi. 依赖；依靠 【核心考点】 rely是不及物动词类核心词。rely on/upon（依赖/依靠）= depend on/count on为同义替换考点。reliable adj.（可靠的/可信赖的）→ reliability n.（可靠性）→ unreliable adj.（不可靠的）为派生链。reliable source（可靠来源）在阅读选材中是评价信息质量的常用标签。写作中rely on替换depend on可避免表达单一。 【词根联想】 源自拉丁语religare（绑回/连接），re-（回）+ ligare（绑）→ 重新绑在一起→ 依赖。联想：rely = "把自己绑在（on）某人/某物上"→ 依靠。同族词：reliable（可绑定的→可靠的）、religion（宗教→把人"绑"在一起的精神力量）。 【经典原句】 ① "In remote mountain villages without internet access, students still rely on printed textbooks and their teachers as the main sources of knowledge." （经典原句·rely on 依赖） 【搭配词块】 rely on/upon 依赖 / heavily rely on 严重依赖 / reliable adj. 可靠的 / reliability n. 可靠性 / rely on sb. to do 指望某人做 4. discipline /ˈdɪsəplɪn/ n. 纪律；自制力；学科 vt. 训练；惩罚 【核心考点】 discipline是行为规范类核心词。self-discipline（自律）为健康生活/学习方法类写作万能词汇。strict discipline（严格纪律）为校园/军事类语篇高频搭配。作动词表示"训练/惩罚/管教"。disciplined adj.（有纪律的/自律的）。注意discipline作"学科"解时=subject/field，但这层含义在高中阶段低频。 【词根联想】 dis-（分开/分离）+ cip（拿/取，拉丁语capere"拿"）+ line（名词后缀）→ 把人拿开→ 管教/训练。联想：disciple（弟子/门徒）→ 接受"纪律/训练"的人→ discipline。同族词：disciple（门徒→被管教的人），二者共源。 【经典原句】 ① "Learning a musical instrument requires years of practice and self-discipline, but the sense of achievement is truly rewarding." （经典原句·self-discipline 自律） 【搭配词块】 self-discipline 自律 / strict discipline 严格纪律 / discipline sb. to do 训练某人做 / disciplined adj. 有纪律的 / maintain discipline 维持纪律 5. facilitate /fəˈsɪlɪteɪt/ vt. 促进；使便利 【核心考点】 facilitate是促进类核心动词。facilitate communication/learning/development（促进交流/学习/发展）为学术写作高频搭配。facility n.（设施/设备/才能）→ facilitator n.（促进者/引导者）为派生链。facilitate是及物动词，直接接宾语，不接to do。与help/promote辨析：facilitate侧重"创造条件使更容易"，promote侧重"推动发展/提升"。 【词根联想】 源自拉丁语facilis（容易的，同easy），fac-（做/使）+ ilitate（动词后缀）→ 使容易做→ 促进/使便利。联想：fac = "做"→ facilitate = "使（某事）容易做到"→ 促进。同族词：facility（设施→让事情容易做的东西）、facile（容易的→过于简单的）。 【经典原句】 ① "The new high-speed railway has greatly facilitated travel between Beijing and Shanghai, reducing the journey from over twelve hours to just four." （经典原句·facilitate 促进/使便利） 【搭配词块】 facilitate communication 促进交流 / facilitate learning 促进学习 / facility n. 设施 / facilitate the process 促进进程 / facilitator n. 促进者 6. negative /ˈneɡətɪv/ adj. 消极的；否定的；负的 【核心考点】 negative是态度评价类核心形容词。a negative attitude/effect/impact（消极态度/负面影响）为最经典搭配。negatively adv.（消极地）→ negativity n.（消极性）为派生链。反义词positive（积极的/正的/肯定的）常在对照语境中出现。在写作中negative用于分析问题的不利方面，体现辩证思维。注意negative用于数学表示"负数"，用于医学表示"阴性的"。 【词根联想】 neg-（否定/不，拉丁语negare"否定"）+ ative（形容词后缀）→ 否定性的→ 消极的/负面的。联想：neg = "否定"→ negative = "否定的"→ 消极的。同词根：neglect（忽视→不去做）、negotiate（谈判→否定冲突→解决）、deny（否认→否定）。 【经典原句】 ① "While social media has many benefits, its negative impact on teenagers' mental health has become a growing concern for parents and educators." （经典原句·negative 消极的/负面的） 【搭配词块】 a negative attitude 消极态度 / negative effect 负面影响 / negatively adv. 消极地 / positive adj. 积极的 / negative thought 消极想法 7. compose /kəmˈpəʊz/ vt. 组成；作曲；撰写 【核心考点】 compose是多义词类核心动词。be composed of（由…组成/构成）= consist of/be made up of为语法填空核心考点。compose作"作曲"解时→ composer n.（作曲家）→ composition n.（作曲/作文/构成）频率最高。compose oneself（使自己镇静下来）= calm oneself down为熟词生义考点。注意compose与comprise（包含）辨析：be composed of = be comprised of。 【词根联想】 com-（共同/一起）+ pose（放置，拉丁语ponere"放"）→ 放在一起→ 组成/创作。联想：pose = "放"→ com（一起）+ pose（放）→ 把音符/文字"放在一起"→ 作曲/撰写。同词根：compose（组成）、expose（暴露→放出来）、oppose（反对→放在对立面）、propose（提议→放在前面）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：compose oneself = 使自己镇静下来（=calm oneself down）。例：Before walking onto the stage to give her speech in front of 500 people, she paused for a moment to compose herself and steady her breathing.（在上台面对500人发表演讲之前，她停顿片刻让自己镇定下来，稳定呼吸。）本义"组成/创造"→ 把散乱的情绪"整合好"→"使镇静"。 【经典原句】 ① "The human body is composed of approximately 60% water, which is why staying hydrated is essential for maintaining good health." （经典原句·be composed of 由…组成） ② "Before giving her speech, she took a deep breath to compose herself and calm her racing heart." （经典原句·compose oneself 使镇静·熟词生义） 【搭配词块】 be composed of 由…组成 / compose a letter 写信 / compose music 作曲 / composer n. 作曲家 / composition n. 组成/作文/作曲 8. disturb /dɪˈstɜːb/ vt. 打扰；扰乱；使不安 【核心考点】 disturb是干扰与情绪类核心动词。disturb the peace（扰乱安宁）= interfere with/interrupt为近义表达。disturbing adj.（令人不安的）→ disturbance n.（干扰/骚乱/心神不宁）为派生链。disturbing news/images（令人不安的消息/画面）在新闻报道类阅读中常见。与interrupt辨析：disturb侧重"打破平静的状态"，interrupt侧重"打断正在进行的事情"。 【词根联想】 dis-（分开/分散）+ turb（搅动/混乱，拉丁语turba"混乱"）→ 搅散→ 扰乱/打扰。联想：turb = "乱"→ dis（分开）+ turb（乱）→ 搅乱→ 打扰。同词根：disturb（打扰→搅乱）、turbulent（汹涌的/动荡的→混乱的）、turbine（涡轮机→使"搅动"的装置）。 【经典原句】 ① "Please do not disturb the students who are preparing for their final exams in the library — silence is essential for concentration." （经典原句·disturb 打扰） 【搭配词块】 disturb the peace 扰乱安宁 / do not disturb 请勿打扰 / disturbing adj. 令人不安的 / disturbance n. 干扰 / disturb one's sleep 打扰睡眠 9. enhance /ɪnˈhɑːns/ vt. 提高；增强；改善 【核心考点】 enhance是提升改善类核心动词。enhance quality/efficiency/performance（提高质量/效率/表现）为学术写作核心搭配。enhancement n.（增强/提高）→ enhancer n.（增强剂/促进者）为派生链。enhance与improve/boost辨析：enhance侧重"在原有基础上提升品质"，improve侧重"改善不足之处"，boost侧重"快速大幅提升"。写作中enhance是替换improve的高级词汇。 【词根联想】 en-（使/进入）+ hance（高，拉丁语altus"高"的变体）→ 使变高→ 提高/增强。联想：en = "使"→ enhance = "使变高"→ 提高/增强。同族词：height（高度→名词形式），二者虽不同源但含义关联——enhance = to make something higher。 【经典原句】 ① "Reading classic literature not only enhances your vocabulary and writing skills, but also deepens your understanding of human nature and society." （经典原句·enhance 提高/增强） 【搭配词块】 enhance quality 提高质量 / enhance efficiency 提高效率 / enhance performance 提升表现 / enhancement n. 增强 / enhance competitiveness 提升竞争力 10. absorb /əbˈzɔːb/ vt. 吸收；吸引；使专注 【核心考点】 absorb是多义词类核心动词。be absorbed in（全神贯注于）= be lost in/be buried in为完形填空和阅读理解核心考点。absorb knowledge/information（吸收知识/信息）为学习类话题高频搭配。absorb heat/water/light（吸收热量/水/光）为理科类说明文常见。absorption n.（吸收/专注）→ absorbing adj.（吸引人的→=fascinating）。注意absorbing（吸引人的/有趣的）与absorbed（专注的/被吸引的）的主被动区分。 【词根联想】 ab-（离开/从…）+ sorb（吸/吞，拉丁语sorbere"吸"）→ 从…吸走→ 吸收。联想：sorb = "吸"→ ab（从）+ sorb（吸）→ "从某物中吸收"→ absorb。同词根：adsorb（吸附→吸到表面）、resorb（再吸收→重新吸入）。 【经典原句】 ① "She was so absorbed in reading the novel that she did not notice the sun had already set and the room had grown completely dark." （经典原句·be absorbed in 全神贯注于） 【搭配词块】 be absorbed in 全神贯注于 / absorb knowledge 吸收知识 / absorb heat 吸收热量 / absorption n. 吸收 / absorbing adj. 吸引人的 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 abuse abusive (adj.) abuser (n.) --- drug abuse / abuse of power / abuse one's authority dominate dominant (adj.) domination (n.) dominance (n.) dominate the market / a dominant position rely reliable (adj.) reliability (n.) unreliable (adj.) rely on / a reliable source / heavily rely on discipline disciplined (adj.) disciplinary (adj.) --- self-discipline / strict discipline / be disciplined facilitate facility (n.) facilitator (n.) facilitation (n.) facilitate communication / sports facilities negative negatively (adv.) negativity (n.) negate (v.) a negative attitude / negative effect / negative thought compose composition (n.) composer (n.) composed (adj.) be composed of / compose music / compose oneself disturb disturbance (n.) disturbing (adj.) disturbed (adj.) disturb the peace / do not disturb / a disturbing trend enhance enhancement (n.) enhancer (n.) enhanced (adj.) enhance quality / enhance efficiency / performance enhancement absorb absorption (n.) absorbing (adj.) absorbed (adj.) be absorbed in / absorb knowledge / absorb heat Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2026山东济南·模拟）The __________ (misuse) of social media among teenagers has become a serious concern for both parents and educators across the country. 2.（2026广东广州·模拟）For centuries, coal and oil have __________ (control) the global energy market, but cleaner alternatives are now rapidly gaining popularity. 3.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）In an emergency, you cannot always __________ (dependence) on your mobile phone to call for help — it is wise to have a backup plan ready. 4.（2026四川成都·模拟）Learning a musical instrument requires years of consistent practice and strong self-__________ (disciplined) that most beginners find very challenging to maintain. 5.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）The new online learning platform was specially designed to __________ (convenience) communication between teachers and students during the pandemic. 6.（2026河南郑州·模拟）Constant exposure to __________ (pessimism) news reports can seriously affect people's mental health and their overall outlook on life. 7.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）The research team __________ (makeup) of twelve scientists from six different countries, each bringing unique expertise to the international project. 8.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）Please make sure your phone is on silent mode so that you do not __________ (interruption) other passengers during the long overnight flight. 9.（2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解改编）Regular physical activity has been scientifically proven to __________ (improvement) both brain function and emotional well-being in people of all ages. 10.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·语法填空改编）She was so deeply __________ (absorption) in painting the landscape that she completely lost track of time and did not return home until dark. 11.（2026江西南昌·模拟）Online games should not be allowed to __________ (leader) a student's life to the point where they start neglecting their academic responsibilities and health. 12.（2026福建福州·模拟）A truly __________ (trust) friend is someone who stands by your side through both good times and bad, never letting you down. 13.（2026重庆·模拟）Developing good daily habits requires patience and __________ (control), but the long-term benefits to your health and happiness are well worth the effort. 14.（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解改编）Sports __________ (equipment) such as swimming pools, basketball courts and running tracks should be made accessible to all members of the community. 15.（2026陕西西安·模拟）The human brain has an amazing ability to __________ (takein) vast amounts of new information, especially during childhood and the teenage years when the mind is most flexible. 【答案】 1. abuse 2. dominated 3. rely 4. discipline 5. facilitate 6. negative 7. is composed 8. disturb 9. enhance 10. absorbed 11. dominate 12. reliable 13. discipline 14. facilities 15. absorb 【逐题解析】 1. abuse — 提示词misuse（名词·误用）需转名词abuse。The abuse of = …的滥用。冠词+名词+of结构。drug/alcohol abuse同类结构。 2. dominated — 提示词control（动词·控制）需转动词dominated。have dominated = 已经主导。现在完成时，需用过去分词。 3. rely — 提示词dependence（名词·依赖）需转动词rely。rely on = 依赖。cannot后接动词原形表示不能做某事。 4. discipline — 提示词disciplined（形容词·有纪律的）需转名词discipline。self-discipline = 自律。复合名词结构，前缀self- + 名词。 5. facilitate — 提示词convenience（名词·便利）需转动词facilitate。to facilitate communication = 促进交流。不定式表目的。 6. negative — 提示词pessimism（名词·悲观）需转形容词negative。negative news reports = 负面新闻报道。形容词修饰名词。 7. is composed — 提示词makeup（名词·构成）需转be composed of。be composed of = 由…组成。主语team为单数，现在时。 8. disturb — 提示词interruption（名词·打断）需转动词disturb。do not disturb = 请勿打扰。助动词do后接动词原形。 9. enhance — 提示词improvement（名词·改善）需转动词enhance。to enhance brain function = 提升大脑功能。不定式表目的，接动词原形。 10. absorbed — 提示词absorption（名词·吸收/专注）需转形容词absorbed。be absorbed in = 全神贯注于。过去分词作形容词表状态。 11. dominate — 提示词leader（名词·领导者）需转动词dominate。dominate a student's life = 主导学生的生活。allow...to do结构，接动词原形。 12. reliable — 提示词trust（动词/名词·信任）需转形容词reliable。a reliable friend = 可靠的朋友。冠词+形容词+名词结构。 13. discipline — 提示词control（名词·控制）需转名词discipline。patience and discipline = 耐心和自律。并列名词结构。 14. facilities — 提示词equipment（名词·设备）需转名词facilities。sports facilities = 体育设施。可数名词常用复数形式。 15. absorb — 提示词takein（动词短语·吸收）需转动词absorb。absorb information = 吸收信息。不定式to后接动词原形。 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 数字时代，青少年__________（滥用）手机，让屏幕__________（主导）日常生活，过度__________（依赖）娱乐。 需要__________（自律）才能摆脱坏习惯。制定计划可以__________（促进）健康生活。摈弃__________（消极）想法，积极思考收益。 平衡生活由运动、睡眠和社交__________（组成）。避免让通知__________（打扰）专注。锻炼__________（提高）大脑功能，阅读__________（吸收）新知识。 【答案】 abuse; dominate; rely; discipline; facilitate; negative; composed; disturb; enhances; absorb Part 7 关联阅读 In recent years, the growing (abuse) of smartphones among teenagers has attracted widespread attention. For many young people, digital devices (dominate) their waking hours, and they (rely) almost entirely on online entertainment to fill their free time. According to a 2023 survey, the average Chinese teenager spends over four hours a day on their phone outside of schoolwork — time that could have been spent on reading, exercising or developing real-world skills. Breaking free from screen addiction requires more than just willpower — it demands (discipline) and a structured approach. Health experts recommend creating a daily timetable, which can (facilitate) the shift toward healthier routines. Rather than dwelling on the (negative) aspects of reducing screen time, teenagers should focus on what they stand to gain: better sleep quality, improved academic performance and deeper relationships with family and friends. A truly balanced lifestyle should be (composed) of diverse activities that nurture both body and mind. Create a quiet, phone-free study zone where no one will (disturb) your concentration during homework time. Studies from Harvard Medical School show that just 30 minutes of moderate exercise per day can significantly (enhance) memory and cognitive function, while reading helps you (absorb) new knowledge and develop critical thinking skills. By replacing unhealthy digital habits with meaningful offline activities, anyone can build a healthier, more satisfying life. 1. According to the passage, how much time does the average Chinese teenager spend on their phone daily outside of schoolwork? A. Less than two hours a day, which most parents and teachers consider perfectly acceptable. B. Exactly six hours every day, leaving almost no time for any other activities or hobbies. C. Over four hours a day, a significant amount of time that could be used for more productive activities. D. The survey mentioned in the passage did not measure the exact amount of screen time teenagers spend. 2. What do health experts suggest for breaking free from screen addiction? A. Deleting all social media apps and completely giving up the use of mobile phones forever. B. Creating a daily timetable that can help teenagers shift toward healthier daily routines. C. Spending at least eight hours every single day on outdoor sports and physical exercise. D. Asking parents to take away their children's phones and lock them in a drawer at home. 3. What did the Harvard Medical School study find about the benefits of regular exercise? A. Exercise is not particularly useful for improving brain function in young people. B. Only professional athletes can truly benefit from regular daily physical exercise. C. Half an hour of moderate exercise per day can noticeably enhance memory and thinking ability. D. Physical activity has no effect on mental health and should only be used to lose weight. 4. What is the author's main suggestion for building a healthier lifestyle? A. Students should give up all digital devices and live a completely technology-free life from now on. B. Replacing unhealthy digital habits with meaningful offline activities through discipline and daily planning. C. Governments should ban all smartphones for teenagers and create new laws to control internet access at home. D. Parents should allow their children unlimited screen time as long as they also do some exercise each day. 参考答案与高考标准解析 答案：1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 第1题（细节理解题·高考高频）：首段以abuse、dominate、rely三个目标词勾勒出青少年手机使用问题的全景。over four hours a day为精确数据引用，随后time that could have been spent on reading, exercising or developing real-world skills给出评价性解读。dominate一词在此处意为"主导/占据"，准确传达出手机使用对青少年时间的支配性影响。选项C完整还原了数据和隐含评价。A项两小时与数据矛盾；B项六小时是将"超过四小时"夸张化；D项否认数据在原文中有明确数据支撑的情况下与事实矛盾。 第2题（细节理解题·中频题型）：第二段用discipline和facilitate两个目标词构建解决方案的核心框架。discipline points to the need for self-control beyond mere willpower，facilitate表达"促进/使便利"这一高级书面语，在此处接the shift toward healthier routines。选项B准确还原了creating a daily timetable这一具体建议。A项删除所有社交媒体为极端化曲解；C项每天八小时运动为无依据的夸张；D项家长没收手机在文中无此建议。 第3题（研究结论题·高考核心）：末段以关键研究证据支撑全文论点。just 30 minutes of moderate exercise per day can significantly enhance memory and cognitive function为哈佛医学院的研究结论。enhance在此处意为"提高/增强"，属正式书面语动词。选项C将每天半小时运动与提升记忆力和认知能力准确还原。A项运动对年轻人无用与enhance memory的结论矛盾；B项仅专业运动员受益将研究范围过度窄化；D项运动对心理健康无效被全文基调否定。 第4题（主旨建议题·高考压轴）：全文以十个目标词构建了完整的"问题识别→解决方案→行动建议"论证链。首段abuse+dominate+rely描述手机依赖问题；第二段discipline+facilitate+negative给出解决方案的核心理念——自律和时间表促进健康习惯，摒弃消极思维；末段compose+disturb+enhance+absorb描绘理想生活方式的具体成分和建议。结论句by replacing unhealthy digital habits with meaningful offline activities融合了全文核心理念。选项B将replace+discipline+planning三要素完整融合。A项完全放弃科技产品过于极端；C项政府禁令脱离现实；D项无限制使用与全文基调完全相反。 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：abuse, dominate, rely, discipline, facilitate, negative, compose, disturb, enhance, absorb Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 请根据英文写出对应汉语释义： 乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. abuse — __________ 2. dominate — __________ 3. rely — __________ 4. discipline — __________ 5. facilitate — __________ 6. negative — __________ 7. compose — __________ 8. disturb — __________ 9. enhance — __________ 10. absorb — __________ 11. drug abuse — __________ 12. self-discipline — __________ 13. rely on — __________ 14. be composed of — __________ 15. dominant — __________ 16. reliable — __________ 17. disturbing — __________ 18. be absorbed in — __________ 19. facilitate learning — __________ 20. negative effect — __________ 【参考答案】 1. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 2. 支配；控制；主宰 3. 依赖；依靠 4. 纪律；自制力；学科 5. 促进；使便利 6. 消极的；否定的；负的 7. 组成；作曲；撰写 8. 打扰；扰乱；使不安 9. 提高；增强；改善 10. 吸收；吸引；使专注 11. 药物滥用（短语） 12. 自律（短语） 13. 依赖；依靠（短语） 14. 由…组成（短语） 15. 占优势的；主导的（形容词） 16. 可靠的（形容词） 17. 令人不安的（形容词） 18. 全神贯注于（短语） 19. 促进学习（短语） 20. 负面影响（短语） Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达： 1. The harmful use of painkillers has become a serious health crisis in many countries around the world. → The __________ of painkillers has become a serious health crisis in many countries around the world. 2. Large technology companies now control and lead the global digital economy and influence billions of users every day. → Large technology companies now __________ the global digital economy and influence billions of users every day. 3. Many elderly people living alone depend almost completely on their neighbours for daily help and social interaction. → Many elderly people living alone __________ almost completely on their neighbours for daily help and social interaction. 4. Achieving any long-term and meaningful goal requires strong self-control and the ability to stick to your plan. → Achieving any long-term and meaningful goal requires strong self-__________ and the ability to stick to your plan. 5. Good public transport systems can greatly make travel easier and more convenient for residents in large cities. → Good public transport systems can greatly __________ travel for residents in large cities. 6. Constant exposure to bad and pessimistic news on social media can seriously damage your mental health over time. → Constant exposure to __________ news on social media can seriously damage your mental health over time. 7. The human body is made up of about 60% water, which is why drinking enough water is so important for your health. → The human body is __________ of about 60% water, which is why drinking enough water is so important for your health. 8. Please try not to interrupt or bother your classmates who are focused on completing their important exam papers. → Please try not to __________ your classmates who are focused on completing their important exam papers. 9. Regular reading can greatly improve your vocabulary, writing ability and overall understanding of the world. → Regular reading can greatly __________ your vocabulary, writing ability and overall understanding of the world. 10. When you are deeply focused on and engaged in a book, you may lose track of time completely and forget about everything else. → When you are deeply __________ in a book, you may lose track of time completely and forget about everything else. 【答案】 1. abuse 2. dominate 3. rely 4. discipline 5. facilitate 6. negative 7. composed 8. disturb 9. enhance 10. absorbed Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用10个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：abuse → dominate → rely → discipline → facilitate → negative → compose → disturb → enhance → absorb 复述模板（填空）： 青少年__________（滥用）智能手机，让屏幕__________（主导）生活，严重__________（依赖）线上娱乐。 需要__________（自律）摆脱坏习惯。时间表可__________（促进）健康转变。摒弃__________（消极）想法。 平衡生活__________（组成）多元活动。别让通知__________（打扰）。运动__________（提升）脑力，阅读__________（吸收）新知。 你的复述： ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 【自我检测答案】 填空答案：abuse; dominate; rely; discipline; facilitate; negative; composed; disturb; enhances; absorb 复述模板参考版本： In today's digital age, many teenagers abuse smartphones, allowing screens to dominate their daily lives and relying heavily on online entertainment. Breaking free requires discipline — creating a daily timetable can facilitate healthier routines. Instead of negative thoughts, focus on positive gains. A balanced life should be composed of diverse activities. Do not let notifications disturb your concentration. Exercise enhances brain function, and reading helps you absorb new knowledge. By making small but consistent changes, anyone can build a healthier and more fulfilling life. $专题02【语境串考点】第二单元备考学案（人教版2019） 高考高频知识点：abuse / dominate / rely / facilitate / negative / discipline / compose / disturb / enhance / absorb （知识点来源：选择性必修三 Unit 2 · Healthy Lifestyle + 高考高频知识点） 学校:____________________ 姓名：____________________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 6 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 7 【练习题】 7 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 8 【练习题】 8 Part 7 关联阅读 8 Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 9 Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 9 Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 10 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 In today's digital age, many teenagers find themselves trapped in unhealthy habits. The overuse or even (abuse) of smartphones and social media can easily (dominate) a young person's daily life, leaving little time for study, exercise or real-world social interaction. Worse still, many teens (rely) so heavily on their devices for entertainment that they forget how to enjoy offline activities such as reading, sports or simply talking with family members. Breaking free from these habits requires strong self-(discipline) and a systematic approach. Experts suggest that creating a daily schedule can greatly (facilitate) the process of building healthier routines. Instead of focusing on (negative) thoughts about what you are giving up, try to think positively about what you are gaining — more energy, better sleep, and improved concentration. A balanced lifestyle should be (composed) of regular physical activity, adequate sleep, nutritious meals and meaningful social connections. Avoid letting notifications (disturb) your focus when you are studying or working. Research shows that regular exercise can significantly (enhance) brain function and memory, while reading helps you (absorb) new knowledge and broaden your perspective. By making small but consistent changes, anyone can transform their daily habits and live a healthier, more fulfilling life. 【中文译文】 在当今数字时代，许多青少年发现自己陷入了不健康的习惯中。对智能手机和社交媒体的过度使用甚至（abuse）滥用，很容易（dominate）主导年轻人的日常生活，留给学习、锻炼和现实社交的时间寥寥无几。更糟糕的是，许多青少年如此严重地（rely）依赖电子设备获取娱乐，以至于忘记了如何享受线下活动，如阅读、运动或简单地与家人交谈。 摆脱这些习惯需要强大的自我（discipline）纪律和系统的方法。专家建议，制定每日时间表可以大大（facilitate）促进建立更健康日常习惯的过程。与其关注你正在放弃什么的（negative）消极想法，不如积极地思考你正在获得什么——更多的精力、更好的睡眠和更集中的注意力。 平衡的生活方式应由规律的体育活动、充足的睡眠、营养的膳食和有意义的社交联系（compose）组成。避免让通知（disturb）打扰你在学习或工作时的专注。研究表明，定期锻炼可以显著（enhance）提升大脑功能和记忆力，而阅读则帮助你（absorb）吸收新知识，拓宽视野。通过做出微小但持续的改变，任何人都可以改变自己的日常习惯，过上更健康、更充实的生活。 💡 语境串联记忆线索：数字时代→滥用智能设备→主导生活→依赖娱乐→自律→促进健康→摒弃消极→规律组成→不被干扰→提升大脑→吸收新知 记忆链：abuse → dominate → rely → discipline → facilitate → negative → compose → disturb → enhance → absorb Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + 高考考点 1 abuse /əˈbjuːs/ (n.) /əˈbjuːz/ (v.) n./vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 ⚡考点：drug/alcohol abuse；abuse of power；同义misuse 2 dominate /ˈdɒmɪneɪt/ vt. 支配；控制；主宰 ⚡考点：dominate the market；domination n. 统治；dominant adj. 占优势的 3 rely /rɪˈlaɪ/ vi. 依赖；依靠 ⚡考点：rely on/upon = depend on；reliable adj. 可靠的；reliability n. 可靠性 4 discipline /ˈdɪsəplɪn/ n. 纪律；自制力；学科 vt. 训练 ⚡考点：self-discipline 自律；strict discipline 严格纪律；disciplined adj. 有纪律的 5 facilitate /fəˈsɪlɪteɪt/ vt. 促进；使便利 ⚡考点：facilitate communication；facility n. 设施/才能；facilitator n. 促进者 6 negative /ˈneɡətɪv/ adj. 消极的；否定的；负的 ⚡考点：a negative attitude；negative effect；反义positive；negatively adv. 消极地 7 compose /kəmˈpəʊz/ vt. 组成；作曲；撰写 ⚡考点：be composed of = consist of；composition n. 组成/作文/作曲；composer n. 作曲家 8 disturb /dɪˈstɜːb/ vt. 打扰；扰乱；使不安 ⚡考点：disturb the peace；disturbing adj. 令人不安的；disturbance n. 干扰 9 enhance /ɪnˈhɑːns/ vt. 提高；增强；改善 ⚡考点：enhance quality/efficiency；enhancement n. 增强；同义improve/boost 10 absorb /əbˈzɔːb/ vt. 吸收；吸引；使专注 ⚡考点：be absorbed in 全神贯注于；absorb knowledge；absorption n. 吸收；专注 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. abuse /əˈbjuːs/ (n.) /əˈbjuːz/ (v.) n./vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 【核心考点】 abuse是不当行为类核心词汇。drug/alcohol abuse（药物/酒精滥用）为健康类话题高频短语。abuse of power（滥用权力）为法律/社会类阅读词块。词性读音区分：名词读/əˈbjuːs/，动词读/əˈbjuːz/，这是高考听力辨音考点。同义词misuse（误用/滥用）在近义辨析中出现。注意abuse与use（使用）的词义关联——"不正常的"使用。 【词根联想】 ab-（偏离/不正常）+ use（使用）→ 偏离正常使用→ 滥用/虐待。联想：ab = "偏离"→ abuse = "不正常地使用"→ 滥用。同词根：abnormal（不正常的→偏离正常），absent（缺席的→偏离在场）。 【经典原句】 ① "The long-term abuse of antibiotics has led to the rise of drug-resistant bacteria, which is now a serious threat to global public health." （经典原句·abuse 滥用） 【搭配词块】 drug abuse 药物滥用 / alcohol abuse 酗酒 / abuse of power 滥用权力 / child abuse 虐待儿童 / abusive adj. 辱骂的 2. dominate /ˈdɒmɪneɪt/ vt. 支配；控制；主宰 【核心考点】 dominate是力量对比类核心动词。dominate the market/industry（主导市场/行业）为经济类阅读高频搭配。domination n.（统治/支配）→ dominant adj.（占优势的/主导的）→ dominance n.（优势/支配地位）为完整派生链。注意dominant（形容词，修饰名词）与dominating（动名词，动态感强）的用法差异：the dominant language（占主导的语言）vs a dominating position（支配性的地位）。 【词根联想】 源自拉丁语dominari（统治/主宰），dom-（房子/主人）为原始印欧语词根。联想：dom = "主人"→ dominate = "像主人一样"→ 支配/主宰。同族词：domestic（家庭的→主人的房子→国内的）、domain（领域→主人的地盘）。 【经典原句】 ① "For many years, fossil fuels have dominated the global energy market, but renewable sources like solar and wind power are rapidly gaining ground." （经典原句·dominate 主导） 【搭配词块】 dominate the market 主导市场 / dominate the conversation 主导对话 / dominant adj. 占优势的 / domination n. 统治 / dominating position 支配地位 3. rely /rɪˈlaɪ/ vi. 依赖；依靠 【核心考点】 rely是不及物动词类核心词。rely on/upon（依赖/依靠）= depend on/count on为同义替换考点。reliable adj.（可靠的/可信赖的）→ reliability n.（可靠性）→ unreliable adj.（不可靠的）为派生链。reliable source（可靠来源）在阅读选材中是评价信息质量的常用标签。写作中rely on替换depend on可避免表达单一。 【词根联想】 源自拉丁语religare（绑回/连接），re-（回）+ ligare（绑）→ 重新绑在一起→ 依赖。联想：rely = "把自己绑在（on）某人/某物上"→ 依靠。同族词：reliable（可绑定的→可靠的）、religion（宗教→把人"绑"在一起的精神力量）。 【经典原句】 ① "In remote mountain villages without internet access, students still rely on printed textbooks and their teachers as the main sources of knowledge." （经典原句·rely on 依赖） 【搭配词块】 rely on/upon 依赖 / heavily rely on 严重依赖 / reliable adj. 可靠的 / reliability n. 可靠性 / rely on sb. to do 指望某人做 4. discipline /ˈdɪsəplɪn/ n. 纪律；自制力；学科 vt. 训练；惩罚 【核心考点】 discipline是行为规范类核心词。self-discipline（自律）为健康生活/学习方法类写作万能词汇。strict discipline（严格纪律）为校园/军事类语篇高频搭配。作动词表示"训练/惩罚/管教"。disciplined adj.（有纪律的/自律的）。注意discipline作"学科"解时=subject/field，但这层含义在高中阶段低频。 【词根联想】 dis-（分开/分离）+ cip（拿/取，拉丁语capere"拿"）+ line（名词后缀）→ 把人拿开→ 管教/训练。联想：disciple（弟子/门徒）→ 接受"纪律/训练"的人→ discipline。同族词：disciple（门徒→被管教的人），二者共源。 【经典原句】 ① "Learning a musical instrument requires years of practice and self-discipline, but the sense of achievement is truly rewarding." （经典原句·self-discipline 自律） 【搭配词块】 self-discipline 自律 / strict discipline 严格纪律 / discipline sb. to do 训练某人做 / disciplined adj. 有纪律的 / maintain discipline 维持纪律 5. facilitate /fəˈsɪlɪteɪt/ vt. 促进；使便利 【核心考点】 facilitate是促进类核心动词。facilitate communication/learning/development（促进交流/学习/发展）为学术写作高频搭配。facility n.（设施/设备/才能）→ facilitator n.（促进者/引导者）为派生链。facilitate是及物动词，直接接宾语，不接to do。与help/promote辨析：facilitate侧重"创造条件使更容易"，promote侧重"推动发展/提升"。 【词根联想】 源自拉丁语facilis（容易的，同easy），fac-（做/使）+ ilitate（动词后缀）→ 使容易做→ 促进/使便利。联想：fac = "做"→ facilitate = "使（某事）容易做到"→ 促进。同族词：facility（设施→让事情容易做的东西）、facile（容易的→过于简单的）。 【经典原句】 ① "The new high-speed railway has greatly facilitated travel between Beijing and Shanghai, reducing the journey from over twelve hours to just four." （经典原句·facilitate 促进/使便利） 【搭配词块】 facilitate communication 促进交流 / facilitate learning 促进学习 / facility n. 设施 / facilitate the process 促进进程 / facilitator n. 促进者 6. negative /ˈneɡətɪv/ adj. 消极的；否定的；负的 【核心考点】 negative是态度评价类核心形容词。a negative attitude/effect/impact（消极态度/负面影响）为最经典搭配。negatively adv.（消极地）→ negativity n.（消极性）为派生链。反义词positive（积极的/正的/肯定的）常在对照语境中出现。在写作中negative用于分析问题的不利方面，体现辩证思维。注意negative用于数学表示"负数"，用于医学表示"阴性的"。 【词根联想】 neg-（否定/不，拉丁语negare"否定"）+ ative（形容词后缀）→ 否定性的→ 消极的/负面的。联想：neg = "否定"→ negative = "否定的"→ 消极的。同词根：neglect（忽视→不去做）、negotiate（谈判→否定冲突→解决）、deny（否认→否定）。 【经典原句】 ① "While social media has many benefits, its negative impact on teenagers' mental health has become a growing concern for parents and educators." （经典原句·negative 消极的/负面的） 【搭配词块】 a negative attitude 消极态度 / negative effect 负面影响 / negatively adv. 消极地 / positive adj. 积极的 / negative thought 消极想法 7. compose /kəmˈpəʊz/ vt. 组成；作曲；撰写 【核心考点】 compose是多义词类核心动词。be composed of（由…组成/构成）= consist of/be made up of为语法填空核心考点。compose作"作曲"解时→ composer n.（作曲家）→ composition n.（作曲/作文/构成）频率最高。compose oneself（使自己镇静下来）= calm oneself down为熟词生义考点。注意compose与comprise（包含）辨析：be composed of = be comprised of。 【词根联想】 com-（共同/一起）+ pose（放置，拉丁语ponere"放"）→ 放在一起→ 组成/创作。联想：pose = "放"→ com（一起）+ pose（放）→ 把音符/文字"放在一起"→ 作曲/撰写。同词根：compose（组成）、expose（暴露→放出来）、oppose（反对→放在对立面）、propose（提议→放在前面）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：compose oneself = 使自己镇静下来（=calm oneself down）。例：Before walking onto the stage to give her speech in front of 500 people, she paused for a moment to compose herself and steady her breathing.（在上台面对500人发表演讲之前，她停顿片刻让自己镇定下来，稳定呼吸。）本义"组成/创造"→ 把散乱的情绪"整合好"→"使镇静"。 【经典原句】 ① "The human body is composed of approximately 60% water, which is why staying hydrated is essential for maintaining good health." （经典原句·be composed of 由…组成） ② "Before giving her speech, she took a deep breath to compose herself and calm her racing heart." （经典原句·compose oneself 使镇静·熟词生义） 【搭配词块】 be composed of 由…组成 / compose a letter 写信 / compose music 作曲 / composer n. 作曲家 / composition n. 组成/作文/作曲 8. disturb /dɪˈstɜːb/ vt. 打扰；扰乱；使不安 【核心考点】 disturb是干扰与情绪类核心动词。disturb the peace（扰乱安宁）= interfere with/interrupt为近义表达。disturbing adj.（令人不安的）→ disturbance n.（干扰/骚乱/心神不宁）为派生链。disturbing news/images（令人不安的消息/画面）在新闻报道类阅读中常见。与interrupt辨析：disturb侧重"打破平静的状态"，interrupt侧重"打断正在进行的事情"。 【词根联想】 dis-（分开/分散）+ turb（搅动/混乱，拉丁语turba"混乱"）→ 搅散→ 扰乱/打扰。联想：turb = "乱"→ dis（分开）+ turb（乱）→ 搅乱→ 打扰。同词根：disturb（打扰→搅乱）、turbulent（汹涌的/动荡的→混乱的）、turbine（涡轮机→使"搅动"的装置）。 【经典原句】 ① "Please do not disturb the students who are preparing for their final exams in the library — silence is essential for concentration." （经典原句·disturb 打扰） 【搭配词块】 disturb the peace 扰乱安宁 / do not disturb 请勿打扰 / disturbing adj. 令人不安的 / disturbance n. 干扰 / disturb one's sleep 打扰睡眠 9. enhance /ɪnˈhɑːns/ vt. 提高；增强；改善 【核心考点】 enhance是提升改善类核心动词。enhance quality/efficiency/performance（提高质量/效率/表现）为学术写作核心搭配。enhancement n.（增强/提高）→ enhancer n.（增强剂/促进者）为派生链。enhance与improve/boost辨析：enhance侧重"在原有基础上提升品质"，improve侧重"改善不足之处"，boost侧重"快速大幅提升"。写作中enhance是替换improve的高级词汇。 【词根联想】 en-（使/进入）+ hance（高，拉丁语altus"高"的变体）→ 使变高→ 提高/增强。联想：en = "使"→ enhance = "使变高"→ 提高/增强。同族词：height（高度→名词形式），二者虽不同源但含义关联——enhance = to make something higher。 【经典原句】 ① "Reading classic literature not only enhances your vocabulary and writing skills, but also deepens your understanding of human nature and society." （经典原句·enhance 提高/增强） 【搭配词块】 enhance quality 提高质量 / enhance efficiency 提高效率 / enhance performance 提升表现 / enhancement n. 增强 / enhance competitiveness 提升竞争力 10. absorb /əbˈzɔːb/ vt. 吸收；吸引；使专注 【核心考点】 absorb是多义词类核心动词。be absorbed in（全神贯注于）= be lost in/be buried in为完形填空和阅读理解核心考点。absorb knowledge/information（吸收知识/信息）为学习类话题高频搭配。absorb heat/water/light（吸收热量/水/光）为理科类说明文常见。absorption n.（吸收/专注）→ absorbing adj.（吸引人的→=fascinating）。注意absorbing（吸引人的/有趣的）与absorbed（专注的/被吸引的）的主被动区分。 【词根联想】 ab-（离开/从…）+ sorb（吸/吞，拉丁语sorbere"吸"）→ 从…吸走→ 吸收。联想：sorb = "吸"→ ab（从）+ sorb（吸）→ "从某物中吸收"→ absorb。同词根：adsorb（吸附→吸到表面）、resorb（再吸收→重新吸入）。 【经典原句】 ① "She was so absorbed in reading the novel that she did not notice the sun had already set and the room had grown completely dark." （经典原句·be absorbed in 全神贯注于） 【搭配词块】 be absorbed in 全神贯注于 / absorb knowledge 吸收知识 / absorb heat 吸收热量 / absorption n. 吸收 / absorbing adj. 吸引人的 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 abuse abusive (adj.) abuser (n.) --- drug abuse / abuse of power / abuse one's authority dominate dominant (adj.) domination (n.) dominance (n.) dominate the market / a dominant position rely reliable (adj.) reliability (n.) unreliable (adj.) rely on / a reliable source / heavily rely on discipline disciplined (adj.) disciplinary (adj.) --- self-discipline / strict discipline / be disciplined facilitate facility (n.) facilitator (n.) facilitation (n.) facilitate communication / sports facilities negative negatively (adv.) negativity (n.) negate (v.) a negative attitude / negative effect / negative thought compose composition (n.) composer (n.) composed (adj.) be composed of / compose music / compose oneself disturb disturbance (n.) disturbing (adj.) disturbed (adj.) disturb the peace / do not disturb / a disturbing trend enhance enhancement (n.) enhancer (n.) enhanced (adj.) enhance quality / enhance efficiency / performance enhancement absorb absorption (n.) absorbing (adj.) absorbed (adj.) be absorbed in / absorb knowledge / absorb heat Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2026山东济南·模拟）The __________ (misuse) of social media among teenagers has become a serious concern for both parents and educators across the country. 2.（2026广东广州·模拟）For centuries, coal and oil have __________ (control) the global energy market, but cleaner alternatives are now rapidly gaining popularity. 3.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）In an emergency, you cannot always __________ (dependence) on your mobile phone to call for help — it is wise to have a backup plan ready. 4.（2026四川成都·模拟）Learning a musical instrument requires years of consistent practice and strong self-__________ (disciplined) that most beginners find very challenging to maintain. 5.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）The new online learning platform was specially designed to __________ (convenience) communication between teachers and students during the pandemic. 6.（2026河南郑州·模拟）Constant exposure to __________ (pessimism) news reports can seriously affect people's mental health and their overall outlook on life. 7.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）The research team __________ (makeup) of twelve scientists from six different countries, each bringing unique expertise to the international project. 8.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）Please make sure your phone is on silent mode so that you do not __________ (interruption) other passengers during the long overnight flight. 9.（2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解改编）Regular physical activity has been scientifically proven to __________ (improvement) both brain function and emotional well-being in people of all ages. 10.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·语法填空改编）She was so deeply __________ (absorption) in painting the landscape that she completely lost track of time and did not return home until dark. 11.（2026江西南昌·模拟）Online games should not be allowed to __________ (leader) a student's life to the point where they start neglecting their academic responsibilities and health. 12.（2026福建福州·模拟）A truly __________ (trust) friend is someone who stands by your side through both good times and bad, never letting you down. 13.（2026重庆·模拟）Developing good daily habits requires patience and __________ (control), but the long-term benefits to your health and happiness are well worth the effort. 14.（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解改编）Sports __________ (equipment) such as swimming pools, basketball courts and running tracks should be made accessible to all members of the community. 15.（2026陕西西安·模拟）The human brain has an amazing ability to __________ (takein) vast amounts of new information, especially during childhood and the teenage years when the mind is most flexible. Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 数字时代，青少年__________（滥用）手机，让屏幕__________（主导）日常生活，过度__________（依赖）娱乐。 需要__________（自律）才能摆脱坏习惯。制定计划可以__________（促进）健康生活。摈弃__________（消极）想法，积极思考收益。 平衡生活由运动、睡眠和社交__________（组成）。避免让通知__________（打扰）专注。锻炼__________（提高）大脑功能，阅读__________（吸收）新知识。 Part 7 关联阅读 In recent years, the growing (abuse) of smartphones among teenagers has attracted widespread attention. For many young people, digital devices (dominate) their waking hours, and they (rely) almost entirely on online entertainment to fill their free time. According to a 2023 survey, the average Chinese teenager spends over four hours a day on their phone outside of schoolwork — time that could have been spent on reading, exercising or developing real-world skills. Breaking free from screen addiction requires more than just willpower — it demands (discipline) and a structured approach. Health experts recommend creating a daily timetable, which can (facilitate) the shift toward healthier routines. Rather than dwelling on the (negative) aspects of reducing screen time, teenagers should focus on what they stand to gain: better sleep quality, improved academic performance and deeper relationships with family and friends. A truly balanced lifestyle should be (composed) of diverse activities that nurture both body and mind. Create a quiet, phone-free study zone where no one will (disturb) your concentration during homework time. Studies from Harvard Medical School show that just 30 minutes of moderate exercise per day can significantly (enhance) memory and cognitive function, while reading helps you (absorb) new knowledge and develop critical thinking skills. By replacing unhealthy digital habits with meaningful offline activities, anyone can build a healthier, more satisfying life. 1. According to the passage, how much time does the average Chinese teenager spend on their phone daily outside of schoolwork? A. Less than two hours a day, which most parents and teachers consider perfectly acceptable. B. Exactly six hours every day, leaving almost no time for any other activities or hobbies. C. Over four hours a day, a significant amount of time that could be used for more productive activities. D. The survey mentioned in the passage did not measure the exact amount of screen time teenagers spend. 2. What do health experts suggest for breaking free from screen addiction? A. Deleting all social media apps and completely giving up the use of mobile phones forever. B. Creating a daily timetable that can help teenagers shift toward healthier daily routines. C. Spending at least eight hours every single day on outdoor sports and physical exercise. D. Asking parents to take away their children's phones and lock them in a drawer at home. 3. What did the Harvard Medical School study find about the benefits of regular exercise? A. Exercise is not particularly useful for improving brain function in young people. B. Only professional athletes can truly benefit from regular daily physical exercise. C. Half an hour of moderate exercise per day can noticeably enhance memory and thinking ability. D. Physical activity has no effect on mental health and should only be used to lose weight. 4. What is the author's main suggestion for building a healthier lifestyle? A. Students should give up all digital devices and live a completely technology-free life from now on. B. Replacing unhealthy digital habits with meaningful offline activities through discipline and daily planning. C. Governments should ban all smartphones for teenagers and create new laws to control internet access at home. D. Parents should allow their children unlimited screen time as long as they also do some exercise each day. 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：abuse, dominate, rely, discipline, facilitate, negative, compose, disturb, enhance, absorb Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 请根据英文写出对应汉语释义： 乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. abuse — __________ 2. dominate — __________ 3. rely — __________ 4. discipline — __________ 5. facilitate — __________ 6. negative — __________ 7. compose — __________ 8. disturb — __________ 9. enhance — __________ 10. absorb — __________ 11. drug abuse — __________ 12. self-discipline — __________ 13. rely on — __________ 14. be composed of — __________ 15. dominant — __________ 16. reliable — __________ 17. disturbing — __________ 18. be absorbed in — __________ 19. facilitate learning — __________ 20. negative effect — __________ Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达： 1. The harmful use of painkillers has become a serious health crisis in many countries around the world. → The __________ of painkillers has become a serious health crisis in many countries around the world. 2. Large technology companies now control and lead the global digital economy and influence billions of users every day. → Large technology companies now __________ the global digital economy and influence billions of users every day. 3. Many elderly people living alone depend almost completely on their neighbours for daily help and social interaction. → Many elderly people living alone __________ almost completely on their neighbours for daily help and social interaction. 4. Achieving any long-term and meaningful goal requires strong self-control and the ability to stick to your plan. → Achieving any long-term and meaningful goal requires strong self-__________ and the ability to stick to your plan. 5. Good public transport systems can greatly make travel easier and more convenient for residents in large cities. → Good public transport systems can greatly __________ travel for residents in large cities. 6. Constant exposure to bad and pessimistic news on social media can seriously damage your mental health over time. → Constant exposure to __________ news on social media can seriously damage your mental health over time. 7. The human body is made up of about 60% water, which is why drinking enough water is so important for your health. → The human body is __________ of about 60% water, which is why drinking enough water is so important for your health. 8. Please try not to interrupt or bother your classmates who are focused on completing their important exam papers. → Please try not to __________ your classmates who are focused on completing their important exam papers. 9. Regular reading can greatly improve your vocabulary, writing ability and overall understanding of the world. → Regular reading can greatly __________ your vocabulary, writing ability and overall understanding of the world. 10. When you are deeply focused on and engaged in a book, you may lose track of time completely and forget about everything else. → When you are deeply __________ in a book, you may lose track of time completely and forget about everything else. Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用10个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：abuse → dominate → rely → discipline → facilitate → negative → compose → disturb → enhance → absorb 复述模板（填空）： 青少年__________（滥用）智能手机，让屏幕__________（主导）生活，严重__________（依赖）线上娱乐。 需要__________（自律）摆脱坏习惯。时间表可__________（促进）健康转变。摒弃__________（消极）想法。 平衡生活__________（组成）多元活动。别让通知__________（打扰）。运动__________（提升）脑力，阅读__________（吸收）新知。 你的复述： ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ $