内容正文:
Unit 1 Family
主
题
词
汇
1. 外貌;长相
What does your father look like? He is tall and handsome.(你爸爸长什么样?他又高又帅。)
2. 善良的;和蔼的
My grandma is a kind woman who often helps strangers.(我的奶奶是一位善良的女士,经常帮助陌生人。)
3. 关心他人的;体贴的
My mum is very caring and always worries about me.(我的妈妈非常体贴,总是担心我。)
4. 有礼貌的
We should be polite to our elders.(我们应该对长辈有礼貌。)
5. 积极的;活跃的
My brother is active in sports and often plays basketball.(我的哥哥在运动方面很活跃,经常打篮球。)
6. 聪明的;机灵的
The little girl is smart and learns new things quickly.(这个小女孩很聪明,学新东西很快。)
7. 有耐心的
Our English teacher is patient with every student.(我们的英语老师对每个学生都很有耐心。)
8. 滑稽的;有趣的
My uncle tells funny stories that make us laugh.(我的叔叔讲滑稽的故事,让我们大笑。)
9. 爱好;嗜好
Collecting stamps is my grandpas hobby.(集邮是我爷爷的爱好。)
10. 烹饪;厨师
My dad is a good cook and makes delicious food.(我的爸爸是一名好厨师,做的食物很美味。)
11. 工作;职业
Whats your fathers job? He is a policeman.(你爸爸的工作是什么?他是一名警察。)
12. 聚集;集合
All family members gather to celebrate my birthday.(所有家庭成员都聚在一起庆祝我的生日。)
13. 庆祝
We celebrate Christmas with a big dinner.(我们用一顿丰盛的晚餐庆祝圣诞节。)
短
语
1. 一起吃晚饭
My family has dinner together every evening.(我们家每天晚上一起吃晚饭。)
2. 做家务
All family members should share housework.(所有家庭成员都应该分担家务。)
3. 在周末
We often have a picnic on weekends.(我们经常在周末去野餐。)
4. 一周一次
We visit grandparents once a week.(我们一周去看望祖父母一次。)
5. 相处融洽
My sister and I get along well and never fight.(我和姐姐相处得很融洽,从不吵架。)
6. 互相帮助
Family members should help each other in trouble.(家庭成员在困难时应该互相帮助。)
7. 照顾;照料
I learn to take care of my little sister when my parents are out.(父母外出时,我学着照顾我的小妹妹。)
8. 关心;在乎
My parents always care about my study and health.(我的父母总是关心我的学习和健康。)
9. 互相爱护
We love each other deeply in our family.(我们家每个人都深深地爱护着彼此。)
10. 为……做准备
My mum prepares for the Spring Festival a month in advance.(我妈妈提前一个月就为春节做准备。)
实
用
交
际
套
句
型
1. ?你的家庭是什么样的?
2. ?你家有多少人?
3. ?你的家庭成员有谁?
4. ?你爸爸是做什么工作的?
5. ?你妈妈是什么样的人?
6. ?你的哥哥/姐姐喜欢做什么?
7. ?你多久看望一次祖父母?
8. ?你周末通常和家人一起做什么?
9.Its fun to... with family.和家人一起……很有趣。
.(和家人一起包饺子很有趣。)
10.I love my family because...我爱我的家庭,因为……
(我爱我的家庭,因为每个人都互相关心。)
11. .我们经常一起玩得很开心。
12. 家庭是我生命中最重要的东西
13. ?你认为家庭是什么?
14. 我为我的家庭感到骄傲。
语法
1. 一般现在时
2. 人称、物主代词
3. 名词所有格
写作
描写家庭、自我介绍
一、知识点精讲
1.same 的用法和搭配
【教材原文】We are at the same school.我们在同一所学校。
same作形容词,意为“相同的”,前面通常加定冠词the。
the same(...)as 是固定用法,意为“和……一样”。
I buy the same car as yours.我买了一辆车,和你那辆一模一样。
Our children go to the same school as theirs.我们的孩子和他们的孩子上同一所学校。
2.caring 的用法
【教材原文】He's caring.他乐于助人。
caring 作形容词,意为“乐于助人的;关心他人的”。
Mary is caring and very polite.玛丽乐于助人,也非常有礼貌。
拓展
caring 作形容词,还意为“护理的”。
caring 作为动词使用时,是动词care 的现在分词形式,意为“关注;关心;照顾”。
3.help的用法
【教材原文】She often helps people.她经常帮助人们。
本句中help 作动词,意为“帮助”;它还可以作名词,意为“帮助;协助”。
She often helps me with English.她经常帮助我学英语。
I need your help.我需要你的帮助。
考点总结
关于help的固定搭配
1 help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事
② help sb. with sth.在某方面帮助某人
③ help oneself to...随便吃些……
④ with the help of...在……的帮助下
①根据汉语意思完成句子:
我的书包和你的一样。My schoolbag is _______yours.
② He is a lovely boy, very gentle and _______(乐于助人的)
③ We ______(帮助)the farmers near our school to pick tomatoes every year.
4.含play 的短语
【教材原文】play basketball 打篮球
play和球类名词搭配时,球类名词前不加冠词。
结构:play+球类名词
【例】
play football 踢足球;
play volleyball 打排球;
play tennis 打网球;
play baseball 打棒球
归纳拓展:play+the+乐器类名词
【例】
play the piano 弹钢琴;
play the violin拉小提琴;
play the guitar弹吉他
5.tidy的用法和搭配
→ tidy 作动词,意为“使整洁”。
【教材原文】 tidy the room(s)整理房间(使房间整洁)
→ tidy up是固定搭配,意为“整理;收拾”。
【例】You need to tidy up your bedroom.你需要整理你的卧室。
拓展tidy 还可以作形容词,意为“整洁的;爱整洁的”。
6.spend 的用法
【教材原文】Sundays, we always visit our grandparents and spend time with them.星期日,我们总是去看望祖父母,并花时间和他们在一起。
spend 作动词,意为“度过”。
They want to spend their summer holiday in the country.他们想去乡下过暑假。
点拨拓展:
spend 也可意为“花费”,主语是人。
其用法如下:
→ sb.+spend+时间/金钱+on sth.某人在……上花时间/金钱
→ sb. spend+时间/金钱+(in) doing sth.某人在做某事上花多少时间/金钱
① 单项选择:
Bob is my brother. He likes playing _______basketball, but he doesn't like playing ______piano.
A. the; a B. /;the C. an;the
②根据首字母提示补全单词。
My family do the housework every day, so our house is always clean and t_______.
Luckly , we can s______another two weeks staying in Nanjing.
7.因usually 而归纳的频度副词
【教材原文】Dad usually helps do the cleaning.爸爸通常帮忙打扫
usually 意为“通常地”,是表示频率的副词。
【例】
She usually watches TV on weekends.她通常在周末看电视图。
8.funny 的用法
【教材原文】...but she's funny! ……但她有趣!
funny 作形容词,意为“好笑的;滑稽的”。
This joke is really funny.这个笑话很好笑。
He is a funny person.他是一个有趣的人。
词语联想
词根:fun,作名词时,意为“乐趣”。
have fun 玩得开心。
近义词:interesting。
9.look forward to的用法
【教材原文】I'm looking forward to meeting you soon.我期待很快见到你。
look forward to 表示“期待;盼望”,
此处的to 是介词,后接名词或动词-ing形式。
【例】I'm looking forward to your visit next week.我期待着你下周的拜访。
He is looking forward to studying here.他期待在这里学习。
10.pleased 的用法
【教材原文】Pleased to meet you.见到你很高兴。
pleased 作形容词,
be pleased with 意为“对……感到满意”,
be pleased to do sth.意为“做某事很高兴”。
Her mother is very pleased with her grades.她妈妈对她的成绩很满意。
I'm pleased to hear about your news.听到你的消息我很高兴。
根据首字母提示,补全单词,用其适当的形式填空:
① Students u__________(通常地)listen to the teacher's advice and act on it.
② The movie is very ______(fun)and always makes us laugh.
③ We all look f__________to the day when scentists discover more secrets of outer space.
二、核心语法精讲
(三)行为动词的一般现在时
1. 行为动词一般现在时的基本用法
用法
例句
表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
My father gets up at 6:00 every morning.我的父亲每天早上6点起床。
表示目前的爱好、能力等。
My mother sings very well.我的母亲歌唱得很好。
表示不受时限的客观事实。
The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时常与always、 often、 usually、 sometimes等频度副词或every day/week/morning、in the morning/afternoon/evening等时间状语连用。
2. 行为动词一般现在时的两种形式
根据主语的人称和数的不同,行为动词的一般现在时有两种形式。
(1)当主语是第一人称、第二人称和第三人称的复数时,行为动词使用其原形。
We have breakfast and supper at home.我们在家吃早饭和晚饭。
You like swimming, right? 你们喜欢游泳,对吗?
My parents read books at weekends.我父母周末读书。
(2)当主语是第三人称单数时,行为动词使用其第三人称单数形式。
He does his homework at home. 他在家里做他的家庭作业。
3.行为动词一般现在时的第三人称单数形式的构成方法
规则
示例
大部分动词后加s
like→likes live→lives
以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加es
study→studies fly→flies
以ch、sh、ss或x结尾的动词后加es
watch→watches wash→washes
dress→dresses fix→fixes
以辅音字母+o结尾的动词后加es
go→goes do→does
特殊变化
have→has
(二)人称代词、物主代词、指示代词
数人称
单 数
复 数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
人称
代词
主格
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
宾格
me
you
him
her
it
us
you
them
形容词性物主代词
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性物主代词
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
人称代词的用法
1.人称代词有单数和复数之分。人称代词主格用作主语,置于谓语动词之前。例如:
She is a good teacher. 她是一名好老师。
They are good teachers. 他(她)们是好老师。
小贴士:
开头主语用主格,主格常置谓语前, 复数概念全用are。
2.几个人称代词并列充当主语时,它们的顺序是:
单数:“二、三、一”(单数人称为you、 he/she/it、 I)
复数:“一、二、三”(复数人称为we、you、 they);在自我批评或承担责任时则把I放在前面。例如:
Sorry, I and he have made a mistake. 对不起,我和他犯了个错误。
小贴士:
代词并列作主语,排列顺序记心间。复数人称一二三,单数人称二三一。承担责任I领先,you站后面I心安。
3.人称代词宾格的用法。人称代词宾格常用作宾语,置于动词和介词后,构成动宾和介宾结构。有时在口语中还用作表语,也可以放在be动词之后作主语补足语。例如:
Let me help you.(you用作宾语,构成动宾结构)
The new bag is for him.(him用作宾语,构成介宾结构)
Who's that? It's me, Tom.(me作表语,用于非正式语体中)
小贴士:
宾格充当宾和表。宾格处在介动后。
物主代词的用法
1.物主代词的构成
小贴士:
物主代词有两类,一是“形”二是“名”。我的my,你的your,男的his,女的her,它的its别加点,我们的our,你们的your,他们的their别混用。见到“名词”就上前,“形代”总站名词前,转变“名代”加个-s。留下his与its,唯独my变为mine。
2.物主代词的用法
(1)形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的关系。
形容词性物主代词后面要跟名词,而名词性物主代词后则不能再跟名词,它们的关系可以理解为“形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词”。例如:
This is my pen. That isn't mine.这是我的钢笔。那不是我的。(mine相当于my pen)
(2)名词性物主代词常用于指代上下文所提到的东西,以避免重复。例如:
This is his bag.=This bag is his.这个包是他的。
That is her book.= That book is hers. 那本书是她的。
小贴士:
“形代”爱交友,单独它不走。和冠词,不相连,“形代”总在名词前。没有“形物”用“名代”,单数复数要分清。作主语,数一致,单复数看后面的“名”。
易混易错
his和its既可作形容词性物主代词,也可作名词性物主代词。在使用上要区分。例如:
This is its bone. / This bone is its. 这个骨头是它的。
3.含有物主代词的固定短语
on one's way to 在某人去……的路上;with one's help 在某人的帮助下;all one's life 一生,终生;to one's surprise 使某人感到惊讶的是;to one's joy 使某人高兴的是;change one's mind 改变主意;take one's time 不急;try / do one's best 尽某人最大的努力;in one's way 挡路,妨碍。
指示代词的用法
指示代词
近指
远指
单数
复数
this
√
√
that
√
√
these
√
√
those
√
√
小贴士:
指示代词四兄弟,近指远指有规律。this、 that是单数,these、 those是复数;this、 these说“近处”,that、 those表“远处”。
易混易错
1.在回答this或that(指物时)为主语的疑问句时,用it代替this或that。that is可以缩写成that's,而this is却不能缩写为this's。在回答主语是these或those的一般疑问句或特殊疑问句时,通常用they来代替问句的these或those,以避免重复。例如:
—Are those her books? 那些是她的书吗?
—Yes, they are./No, they aren't. 是的, 它们是。/ 不, 它们不是。
2.在电话用语中,用this指代自己,that指代对方。例如:
—Hello! This is Li Ping. Who's that? 你好,我是李平。你是哪位?
—Hey, Li Ping. This is Wang Hai. 嘿,李平。我是王海。
名词所有格
名词所有格表示所属关系。
一.所有格的类型之's所有格
(1)"名词+'s"所有格主要用于表示有生命的名词的所有关系。
Mary's bag 玛丽的书包
Tom's computer 汤姆的电脑
(2)'s所有格的构成
①单数名词后直接加's。
This is my father's book.这是我父亲的书。
②复数名词词尾不为s时,加's;词尾为s时,其后只加'。
June 1st is Children's Day.6月1日是儿童节。
These are students' schoolbags.这些是学生们的书包。
二. 以-s结尾的人名的所有格的构成是在其后加'或's,如James'或James's。
(3)'s所有格的用法
①表示几个人共有时,只在最后一个名词后加's。
This is Tom and Jack's mother.这是汤姆和杰克的妈妈。(汤姆和杰克有同一个妈妈)
②表示各自拥有时,在各个词后加's。
Tom's and Jim's rooms are on the second floor. 汤姆和吉姆的房间都在二楼。(汤姆和吉姆有不同的房间)
三. 所有格的类型之of所有格
(1)of所有格多用于表示无生命名词的所有关系。
This is a map of China.这是一张中国地图。
(2)'s所有格和of所有格通常可以互相转换。一般来说,'s所有格都可以转换成of所有格,但并非所有的of所有格都可以转换成's所有格。
This is the boy's new bike.=This is the new bike of the boy.这是这个男孩的新自行车。
注意 双重所有格是指既含有's所有格,又含有of所有格的结构。双重所有格可用来表示整体中的一部分,也可用来表示带有某种感情色彩。
Uncle Li is an old friend of my father's.李叔叔是我爸爸的一位老朋友。
三、单元写作清单
1. 话题分析
本单元的话题是“家庭”,写作任务是写一封电子邮件介绍你的家庭。常见的写作维度有:①介绍你的家庭成员(外貌、性格、职业、爱好等);②介绍你的家庭活动。
该话题对应的文段表达的体裁以应用文(书信、电子邮件或演讲稿等)和说明文为主。在写应用文时要注意相应的写作格式。
2. 写作框架
根据所给的中文和英文提示,完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出真实的校名和姓名。
假如你是李华,你的外国笔友Peter近期给你发来邮件想了解你的家庭情况。请你给他回一封邮件介绍你的家庭成员。内容包括:家庭成员的年龄、职业、性格、外貌以及爱好等。
提示词语:teacher, caring, tall, play chess
提示问题:•What do they do?•What are they like?
•What are their hobbies?
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3. 写作素材
(1)...year(s) old ……岁
(2)taxi driver出租车司机
(3)like doing sth. 喜欢做某事
(4)middle school中学
(5)sing songs唱歌
(6)student学生
(7)ride a bike骑自行车
(8)make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友
(9)enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
(10)go to the cinema去看电影
(11)take care of照顾
(12)make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事
(13)make the most of the time充分利用时间
(14)She is not only my sister but also my best friend.她不仅是我的妹妹,也是我最好的朋友。
(15)Cooking together is a great way to spend time with kids.一起做饭是和孩子们共度时光的好方法。
4. 范文背诵
Dear Peter,
How is it going? I'm glad to say something about my family.
There are three people in my family: my father, my mother and me. My father is 35 years old and works as a taxi driver. He's tall and humorous. He likes playing chess very much. My mother is 34 years old and she's a teacher. She's beautiful and caring. She works in a middle school. She likes singing songs in her free time. I'm 13 years old and I'm a student. I'm short and friendly. I like riding a bike.
I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
一.词汇过关
A.根据句意和汉语或首字母提示写出单词
1.My friend and I are in the (相同的) school.
2.Let’s read the novel The Old Man and the Sea (共同).
3.Fei Fei is a lovely girl, honest and (体贴人的).
4.Good ideas sometimes start with a r silly question.
5.It's p to say thank you when someone helps you.
6.His father buys him a (模型) ship for his birthday.
7.—Millie, your white shirt looks (漂亮的).
—Thank you very much.
8.The s boy can work out the problem easily.
9.The two books are b about history;you can choose either of them to read.
10.Spring is my favorite season because d kinds of flowers come out.
11.We are c because we are in the same class.
12.Paul thinks the n eight can bring him good luck.
13.Lily’s dream is to be an (工程师).
14.Please describe your teacher’s looks and (性格).
15.The radio is too (大声的). There is a baby sleeping. Please turn it off.
二.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.Alex (hope) he can visit the USA in the future.
2.Sandy with her friends often (fly) a kite in the park.
3. (be) your friend ready for tomorrow’s evening party?
4.Members in this club (be not) careful. They often leave the club with the lights on.
5.Cindy is a kind girl. Everyone in our class (enjoy) playing with her.
6.My best friend and I (be not) in the same school. We meet at the weekend.
7.My mother (not go) to work on Saturdays or Sundays.
8.Millie’s family often (read) together in the living room.
9.Watching football matches (be) her hobby.
10.We all know light (go) faster than sound.
三.按要求完成句子,每空一词
11.I’m your English teacher this term.(改为一般疑问句)
our English teacher this term?
12.Li Lei writes to his father every month. (改为一般疑问句)
Li Lei to his father every month?
13.My mother does housework in the morning.(改为否定句)
My mother housework in the morning.
14.Do you often have breakfast at home?(用 Kitty代替 you 改写句子)
Kitty often breakfast at home?
15.The old woman goes to the supermarket on foot. (对画线部分提问)
the old woman to the supermarket?
四.写作
根据所给的中文和英文提示,完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。 请不要写出真实的校名和姓名。
假设你是李华,你校英语社团正在开展线上交流活动,其公众号计划做关于“我爱我家”的系列推送,现就“My Family”这一话题在校内收集素材。请你用英语给公众号留言,介绍你的家庭,内容包括家人的性格特点、兴趣爱好,以及你们经常做些什么。
提示词语:kind, sports, visit, do chores together
提示问题:•What are your family members like?
•What do they like?
•What do you often do with your family?
I'm Li Hua, from Class 1, Grade 7.
$Unit 1 Family
主
题
词
汇
1.look 外貌;长相
What does your father look like? He is tall and handsome.(你爸爸长什么样?他又高又帅。)
2.kind善良的;和蔼的
My grandma is a kind woman who often helps strangers.(我的奶奶是一位善良的女士,经常帮助陌生人。)
3.caring关心他人的;体贴的
My mum is very caring and always worries about me.(我的妈妈非常体贴,总是担心我。)
4.polite有礼貌的
We should be polite to our elders.(我们应该对长辈有礼貌。)
5.active积极的;活跃的
My brother is active in sports and often plays basketball.(我的哥哥在运动方面很活跃,经常打篮球。)
6.smart聪明的;机灵的
The little girl is smart and learns new things quickly.(这个小女孩很聪明,学新东西很快。)
7.patient有耐心的
Our English teacher is patient with every student.(我们的英语老师对每个学生都很有耐心。)
8.funny滑稽的;有趣的
My uncle tells funny stories that make us laugh.(我的叔叔讲滑稽的故事,让我们大笑。)
9.hobby爱好;嗜好
Collecting stamps is my grandpas hobby.(集邮是我爷爷的爱好。)
10.cook烹饪;厨师
My dad is a good cook and makes delicious food.(我的爸爸是一名好厨师,做的食物很美味。)
11.job工作;职业
Whats your fathers job? He is a policeman.(你爸爸的工作是什么?他是一名警察。)
12.gather聚集;集合
All family members gather to celebrate my birthday.(所有家庭成员都聚在一起庆祝我的生日。)
13.celebrate庆祝
We celebrate Christmas with a big dinner.(我们用一顿丰盛的晚餐庆祝圣诞节。)
短
语
1.have dinner together一起吃晚饭
My family has dinner together every evening.(我们家每天晚上一起吃晚饭。)
2.do housework做家务
All family members should share housework.(所有家庭成员都应该分担家务。)
3.on weekends在周末
We often have a picnic on weekends.(我们经常在周末去野餐。)
4.once a week一周一次
We visit grandparents once a week.(我们一周去看望祖父母一次。)
5.get along well相处融洽
My sister and I get along well and never fight.(我和姐姐相处得很融洽,从不吵架。)
6.help each other互相帮助
Family members should help each other in trouble.(家庭成员在困难时应该互相帮助。)
7.take care of照顾;照料
I learn to take care of my little sister when my parents are out.(父母外出时,我学着照顾我的小妹妹。)
8.care about关心;在乎
My parents always care about my study and health.(我的父母总是关心我的学习和健康。)
9.love each other互相爱护
We love each other deeply in our family.(我们家每个人都深深地爱护着彼此。)
10.prepare for为……做准备
My mum prepares for the Spring Festival a month in advance.(我妈妈提前一个月就为春节做准备。)
实
用
交
际
套
句
型
1.Whats your family like?你的家庭是什么样的?
2.How many people are there in your family?你家有多少人?
3.Who are the members of your family?你的家庭成员有谁?
4.What does your father do?你爸爸是做什么工作的?
5.What is your mother like?你妈妈是什么样的人?
6.What does your brother/sister like doing?你的哥哥/姐姐喜欢做什么?
7.How often do you visit your grandparents?你多久看望一次祖父母?
8.What do you usually do with your family on weekends?你周末通常和家人一起做什么?
9.Its fun to... with family.和家人一起……很有趣。
Its fun to make dumplings with family.(和家人一起包饺子很有趣。)
10.I love my family because...我爱我的家庭,因为……
I love my family because everyone cares about each other.(我爱我的家庭,因为每个人都互相关心。)
11.We often have a good time together.我们经常一起玩得很开心。
12.Family is the most important thing in my life.家庭是我生命中最重要的东西。
13.What do you think of family?你认为家庭是什么?
14.I am proud of my family.我为我的家庭感到骄傲。
语法
1. 一般现在时
2. 人称、物主代词
3. 名词所有格
写作
描写家庭、自我介绍
一、知识点精讲
1.same 的用法和搭配
【教材原文】We are at the same school.我们在同一所学校。
same作形容词,意为“相同的”,前面通常加定冠词the。
the same(...)as 是固定用法,意为“和……一样”。
I buy the same car as yours.我买了一辆车,和你那辆一模一样。
Our children go to the same school as theirs.我们的孩子和他们的孩子上同一所学校。
2.caring 的用法
【教材原文】He's caring.他乐于助人。
caring 作形容词,意为“乐于助人的;关心他人的”。
Mary is caring and very polite.玛丽乐于助人,也非常有礼貌。
拓展
caring 作形容词,还意为“护理的”。
caring 作为动词使用时,是动词care 的现在分词形式,意为“关注;关心;照顾”。
3.help的用法
【教材原文】She often helps people.她经常帮助人们。
本句中help 作动词,意为“帮助”;它还可以作名词,意为“帮助;协助”。
She often helps me with English.她经常帮助我学英语。
I need your help.我需要你的帮助。
考点总结
关于help的固定搭配
1 help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事
② help sb. with sth.在某方面帮助某人
③ help oneself to...随便吃些……
④ with the help of...在……的帮助下
①根据汉语意思完成句子:
我的书包和你的一样。My schoolbag is _______yours.
【答案】the same as
② He is a lovely boy, very gentle and _______(乐于助人的)
【答案】caring.
③ We ______(帮助)the farmers near our school to pick tomatoes every year.
【答案】help
4.含play 的短语
【教材原文】play basketball 打篮球
play和球类名词搭配时,球类名词前不加冠词。
结构:play+球类名词
【例】
play football 踢足球;
play volleyball 打排球;
play tennis 打网球;
play baseball 打棒球
归纳拓展:play+the+乐器类名词
【例】
play the piano 弹钢琴;
play the violin拉小提琴;
play the guitar弹吉他
5.tidy的用法和搭配
→ tidy 作动词,意为“使整洁”。
【教材原文】 tidy the room(s)整理房间(使房间整洁)
→ tidy up是固定搭配,意为“整理;收拾”。
【例】You need to tidy up your bedroom.你需要整理你的卧室。
拓展tidy 还可以作形容词,意为“整洁的;爱整洁的”。
6.spend 的用法
【教材原文】Sundays, we always visit our grandparents and spend time with them.星期日,我们总是去看望祖父母,并花时间和他们在一起。
spend 作动词,意为“度过”。
They want to spend their summer holiday in the country.他们想去乡下过暑假。
点拨拓展:
spend 也可意为“花费”,主语是人。
其用法如下:
→ sb.+spend+时间/金钱+on sth.某人在……上花时间/金钱
→ sb. spend+时间/金钱+(in) doing sth.某人在做某事上花多少时间/金钱
① 单项选择:
Bob is my brother. He likes playing _______basketball, but he doesn't like playing ______piano.
A. the; a B. /;the C. an;the
【答案】B。
②根据首字母提示补全单词。
My family do the housework every day, so our house is always clean and t_______.
【答案】tidy。
Luckly , we can s______another two weeks staying in Nanjing.
【答案】spend.
7.因usually 而归纳的频度副词
【教材原文】Dad usually helps do the cleaning.爸爸通常帮忙打扫
usually 意为“通常地”,是表示频率的副词。
【例】
She usually watches TV on weekends.她通常在周末看电视图。
8.funny 的用法
【教材原文】...but she's funny! ……但她有趣!
funny 作形容词,意为“好笑的;滑稽的”。
This joke is really funny.这个笑话很好笑。
He is a funny person.他是一个有趣的人。
词语联想
词根:fun,作名词时,意为“乐趣”。
have fun 玩得开心。
近义词:interesting。
9.look forward to的用法
【教材原文】I'm looking forward to meeting you soon.我期待很快见到你。
look forward to 表示“期待;盼望”,
此处的to 是介词,后接名词或动词-ing形式。
【例】I'm looking forward to your visit next week.我期待着你下周的拜访。
He is looking forward to studying here.他期待在这里学习。
10.pleased 的用法
【教材原文】Pleased to meet you.见到你很高兴。
pleased 作形容词,
be pleased with 意为“对……感到满意”,
be pleased to do sth.意为“做某事很高兴”。
Her mother is very pleased with her grades.她妈妈对她的成绩很满意。
I'm pleased to hear about your news.听到你的消息我很高兴。
根据首字母提示,补全单词,用其适当的形式填空:
① Students u__________(通常地)listen to the teacher's advice and act on it.
【答案】usually.
② The movie is very ______(fun)and always makes us laugh.
【答案】funny.
③ We all look f__________to the day when scentists discover more secrets of outer space.
【答案】forward.
二、核心语法精讲
(三)行为动词的一般现在时
1. 行为动词一般现在时的基本用法
用法
例句
表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
My father gets up at 6:00 every morning.我的父亲每天早上6点起床。
表示目前的爱好、能力等。
My mother sings very well.我的母亲歌唱得很好。
表示不受时限的客观事实。
The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时常与always、 often、 usually、 sometimes等频度副词或every day/week/morning、in the morning/afternoon/evening等时间状语连用。
2. 行为动词一般现在时的两种形式
根据主语的人称和数的不同,行为动词的一般现在时有两种形式。
(1)当主语是第一人称、第二人称和第三人称的复数时,行为动词使用其原形。
We have breakfast and supper at home.我们在家吃早饭和晚饭。
You like swimming, right? 你们喜欢游泳,对吗?
My parents read books at weekends.我父母周末读书。
(2)当主语是第三人称单数时,行为动词使用其第三人称单数形式。
He does his homework at home. 他在家里做他的家庭作业。
3.行为动词一般现在时的第三人称单数形式的构成方法
规则
示例
大部分动词后加s
like→likes live→lives
以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加es
study→studies fly→flies
以ch、sh、ss或x结尾的动词后加es
watch→watches wash→washes
dress→dresses fix→fixes
以辅音字母+o结尾的动词后加es
go→goes do→does
特殊变化
have→has
(二)人称代词、物主代词、指示代词
数人称
单 数
复 数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
人称
代词
主格
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
宾格
me
you
him
her
it
us
you
them
形容词性物主代词
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性物主代词
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
人称代词的用法
1.人称代词有单数和复数之分。人称代词主格用作主语,置于谓语动词之前。例如:
She is a good teacher. 她是一名好老师。
They are good teachers. 他(她)们是好老师。
小贴士:
开头主语用主格,主格常置谓语前, 复数概念全用are。
2.几个人称代词并列充当主语时,它们的顺序是:
单数:“二、三、一”(单数人称为you、 he/she/it、 I)
复数:“一、二、三”(复数人称为we、you、 they);在自我批评或承担责任时则把I放在前面。例如:
Sorry, I and he have made a mistake. 对不起,我和他犯了个错误。
小贴士:
代词并列作主语,排列顺序记心间。复数人称一二三,单数人称二三一。承担责任I领先,you站后面I心安。
3.人称代词宾格的用法。人称代词宾格常用作宾语,置于动词和介词后,构成动宾和介宾结构。有时在口语中还用作表语,也可以放在be动词之后作主语补足语。例如:
Let me help you.(you用作宾语,构成动宾结构)
The new bag is for him.(him用作宾语,构成介宾结构)
Who's that? It's me, Tom.(me作表语,用于非正式语体中)
小贴士:
宾格充当宾和表。宾格处在介动后。
物主代词的用法
1.物主代词的构成
小贴士:
物主代词有两类,一是“形”二是“名”。我的my,你的your,男的his,女的her,它的its别加点,我们的our,你们的your,他们的their别混用。见到“名词”就上前,“形代”总站名词前,转变“名代”加个-s。留下his与its,唯独my变为mine。
2.物主代词的用法
(1)形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的关系。
形容词性物主代词后面要跟名词,而名词性物主代词后则不能再跟名词,它们的关系可以理解为“形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词”。例如:
This is my pen. That isn't mine.这是我的钢笔。那不是我的。(mine相当于my pen)
(2)名词性物主代词常用于指代上下文所提到的东西,以避免重复。例如:
This is his bag.=This bag is his.这个包是他的。
That is her book.= That book is hers. 那本书是她的。
小贴士:
“形代”爱交友,单独它不走。和冠词,不相连,“形代”总在名词前。没有“形物”用“名代”,单数复数要分清。作主语,数一致,单复数看后面的“名”。
易混易错
his和its既可作形容词性物主代词,也可作名词性物主代词。在使用上要区分。例如:
This is its bone. / This bone is its. 这个骨头是它的。
3.含有物主代词的固定短语
on one's way to 在某人去……的路上;with one's help 在某人的帮助下;all one's life 一生,终生;to one's surprise 使某人感到惊讶的是;to one's joy 使某人高兴的是;change one's mind 改变主意;take one's time 不急;try / do one's best 尽某人最大的努力;in one's way 挡路,妨碍。
指示代词的用法
指示代词
近指
远指
单数
复数
this
√
√
that
√
√
these
√
√
those
√
√
小贴士:
指示代词四兄弟,近指远指有规律。this、 that是单数,these、 those是复数;this、 these说“近处”,that、 those表“远处”。
易混易错
1.在回答this或that(指物时)为主语的疑问句时,用it代替this或that。that is可以缩写成that's,而this is却不能缩写为this's。在回答主语是these或those的一般疑问句或特殊疑问句时,通常用they来代替问句的these或those,以避免重复。例如:
—Are those her books? 那些是她的书吗?
—Yes, they are./No, they aren't. 是的, 它们是。/ 不, 它们不是。
2.在电话用语中,用this指代自己,that指代对方。例如:
—Hello! This is Li Ping. Who's that? 你好,我是李平。你是哪位?
—Hey, Li Ping. This is Wang Hai. 嘿,李平。我是王海。
名词所有格
名词所有格表示所属关系。
一.所有格的类型之's所有格
(1)"名词+'s"所有格主要用于表示有生命的名词的所有关系。
Mary's bag 玛丽的书包
Tom's computer 汤姆的电脑
(2)'s所有格的构成
①单数名词后直接加's。
This is my father's book.这是我父亲的书。
②复数名词词尾不为s时,加's;词尾为s时,其后只加'。
June 1st is Children's Day.6月1日是儿童节。
These are students' schoolbags.这些是学生们的书包。
二. 以-s结尾的人名的所有格的构成是在其后加'或's,如James'或James's。
(3)'s所有格的用法
①表示几个人共有时,只在最后一个名词后加's。
This is Tom and Jack's mother.这是汤姆和杰克的妈妈。(汤姆和杰克有同一个妈妈)
②表示各自拥有时,在各个词后加's。
Tom's and Jim's rooms are on the second floor. 汤姆和吉姆的房间都在二楼。(汤姆和吉姆有不同的房间)
三. 所有格的类型之of所有格
(1)of所有格多用于表示无生命名词的所有关系。
This is a map of China.这是一张中国地图。
(2)'s所有格和of所有格通常可以互相转换。一般来说,'s所有格都可以转换成of所有格,但并非所有的of所有格都可以转换成's所有格。
This is the boy's new bike.=This is the new bike of the boy.这是这个男孩的新自行车。
注意 双重所有格是指既含有's所有格,又含有of所有格的结构。双重所有格可用来表示整体中的一部分,也可用来表示带有某种感情色彩。
Uncle Li is an old friend of my father's.李叔叔是我爸爸的一位老朋友。
三、单元写作清单
1. 话题分析
本单元的话题是“家庭”,写作任务是写一封电子邮件介绍你的家庭。常见的写作维度有:①介绍你的家庭成员(外貌、性格、职业、爱好等);②介绍你的家庭活动。
该话题对应的文段表达的体裁以应用文(书信、电子邮件或演讲稿等)和说明文为主。在写应用文时要注意相应的写作格式。
2. 写作框架
根据所给的中文和英文提示,完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出真实的校名和姓名。
假如你是李华,你的外国笔友Peter近期给你发来邮件想了解你的家庭情况。请你给他回一封邮件介绍你的家庭成员。内容包括:家庭成员的年龄、职业、性格、外貌以及爱好等。
提示词语:teacher, caring, tall, play chess
提示问题:•What do they do?•What are they like?
•What are their hobbies?
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3. 写作素材
(1)...year(s) old ……岁
(2)taxi driver出租车司机
(3)like doing sth. 喜欢做某事
(4)middle school中学
(5)sing songs唱歌
(6)student学生
(7)ride a bike骑自行车
(8)make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友
(9)enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
(10)go to the cinema去看电影
(11)take care of照顾
(12)make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事
(13)make the most of the time充分利用时间
(14)She is not only my sister but also my best friend.她不仅是我的妹妹,也是我最好的朋友。
(15)Cooking together is a great way to spend time with kids.一起做饭是和孩子们共度时光的好方法。
4. 范文背诵
Dear Peter,
How is it going? I'm glad to say something about my family.
There are three people in my family: my father, my mother and me. My father is 35 years old and works as a taxi driver. He's tall and humorous. He likes playing chess very much. My mother is 34 years old and she's a teacher. She's beautiful and caring. She works in a middle school. She likes singing songs in her free time. I'm 13 years old and I'm a student. I'm short and friendly. I like riding a bike.
I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
一.词汇过关
A.根据句意和汉语或首字母提示写出单词
1.My friend and I are in the (相同的) school.
2.Let’s read the novel The Old Man and the Sea (共同).
3.Fei Fei is a lovely girl, honest and (体贴人的).
4.Good ideas sometimes start with a r silly question.
5.It's p to say thank you when someone helps you.
6.His father buys him a (模型) ship for his birthday.
7.—Millie, your white shirt looks (漂亮的).
—Thank you very much.
8.The s boy can work out the problem easily.
9.The two books are b about history;you can choose either of them to read.
10.Spring is my favorite season because d kinds of flowers come out.
11.We are c because we are in the same class.
12.Paul thinks the n eight can bring him good luck.
13.Lily’s dream is to be an (工程师).
14.Please describe your teacher’s looks and (性格).
15.The radio is too (大声的). There is a baby sleeping. Please turn it off.
【答案】1.same 2.together 3.caring 4.really 5.polite 6.model 7.pretty 8.smart 9.both 10.different
11.classmates 12.number 13.engineer 14.characters 15.loud
二.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.Alex (hope) he can visit the USA in the future.
2.Sandy with her friends often (fly) a kite in the park.
3. (be) your friend ready for tomorrow’s evening party?
4.Members in this club (be not) careful. They often leave the club with the lights on.
5.Cindy is a kind girl. Everyone in our class (enjoy) playing with her.
6.My best friend and I (be not) in the same school. We meet at the weekend.
7.My mother (not go) to work on Saturdays or Sundays.
8.Millie’s family often (read) together in the living room.
9.Watching football matches (be) her hobby.
10.We all know light (go) faster than sound.
1.【答案】hopes 主语Alex是第三人称单数,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填hopes。
2.【答案】flies 介词with前面的名词Sandy是主语,是第三人称单数,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填flies。
3.【答案】Is 主语your friend是第三人称单数,故be动词用is。
4.【答案】aren’t 主语Members是复数,be动词用are,否定形式在are后面加not。
5.【答案】enjoys 主语为Everyone,是第三人称单数,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填enjoys。
6.【答案】aren’t 连词and连接两个并列主语时,be动词用are,否定形式在are后面加not。
7.【答案】doesn’t go 行为动词go的否定结构为don’t/doesn’t go,因为主语My mother为第三人称单数,故填doesn't go。
8.【答案】read 设空句的主语family指“家庭成员”,谓语动词用复数形式。
9.【答案】is 动名词短语Watching football matches作主语时,be动词用is。
10.【答案】goes 分析句子结构可知,know后为宾语从句,宾语从句的主语为light,是第三人称单数,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。go的第三人称单数形式为goes。
三.按要求完成句子,每空一词
11.I’m your English teacher this term.(改为一般疑问句)
our English teacher this term?
12.Li Lei writes to his father every month. (改为一般疑问句)
Li Lei to his father every month?
13.My mother does housework in the morning.(改为否定句)
My mother housework in the morning.
14.Do you often have breakfast at home?(用 Kitty代替 you 改写句子)
Kitty often breakfast at home?
15.The old woman goes to the supermarket on foot. (对画线部分提问)
the old woman to the supermarket?
【答案】11.Are you 12.Does;write 13.doesn’t do14.Does;have 15.How does;go
四.写作
根据所给的中文和英文提示,完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。 请不要写出真实的校名和姓名。
假设你是李华,你校英语社团正在开展线上交流活动,其公众号计划做关于“我爱我家”的系列推送,现就“My Family”这一话题在校内收集素材。请你用英语给公众号留言,介绍你的家庭,内容包括家人的性格特点、兴趣爱好,以及你们经常做些什么。
提示词语:kind, sports, visit, do chores together
提示问题:•What are your family members like?
•What do they like?
•What do you often do with your family?
I'm Li Hua, from Class 1, Grade 7.
【答案】
I'm Li Hua, from Class 1, Grade 7. Let me introduce my family.
I have a happy family. My father is kind and he likes sports,especially basketball. On weekends, we often play basketball together. My mother is friendly. She likes reading and often spends evenings on the sofa with books. During holidays, we visit my grandparents, chatting with them. Also, we do chores together at home. We do the cleaning and do the dishes together.
I love my family. They bring me joy and warmth.
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