Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy-2026-2027学年高中英语语法专项精讲精练必修二（译林版）

Unit 2 Be sporty,be healthy 语法专项精讲精练 语法概览 ☆同步语法一：现在进行时被动语态 ★同步语法二：现在完成时被动语态 语法精讲精练一 (一)基本定义 现在进行时被动语态是英语中表示“此时此刻或现阶段正在被进行的动作”的谓语形式，强调 动作的持续性与被动性双重特征。在高考语法填空、短文改错及写作中，该结构常与主动语 态、一般现在时被动语态混考，是高中英语的重点难点。 (二)核心结构与用法 1.构成公式 主语 be动词 及物动词的过去分 其他成 (am/is/are) being 词 分 The bridge is being built now. 2.核心含义与场景 此时此刻正在被做：强调动作正在进行且主语是动作承受者。 O例句：The problem is being discussed at the meeting,(这个问题正在会上被 讨论。) 现阶段（不一定是说话瞬间）正在被做：强调一段时间内的持续被动动作。 O例句：The new airport is being built in the suburbs. (新机场正在郊区被建造。) 3.与现在进行时主动语态的对比（高考必考） 主动语态（主语是动作发出者） 被动语态（主语是动作承受者） 结构 am/is/are doing am/is/are being done 含义 主语主动发出动作，正在进行 主语被施加动作，正在进行 The workers are building the 例句1 The bridge is being built by bridge. workers 例句2 The teacher is checking the The homework is being checked homework. by the teacher. 考点提示 语法填空中根据主语与动作的主动/被 重点判断动作是否“正在被做”，且主语为 动关系选择形式 动作承受者 4.与一般现在时被动语态的对比（易混点） 现在进行时被动(am/is/are+ 一般现在时被动(am/is/are+done) being done) 此时此刻或现阶段正在进行中的被动 时间特征 经常性、习惯性、客观事实的被动动作 动作 例句1 The bridge is built of steel.(客观事 The bridge is being built now. 实) (正在施工) English is spoken worldwide.(普逼 The speech is being delivered 例句2 事实) right now.(此刻正在进行) 考点提示 语法填空中常通过时间状语(now,at 若时间状语表示“正在”，且为被动， present,,these days等)区分两者 则用进行时被动 (三)高考高频考点总结 1.根据时间状语判断时态与被动 now,at the moment,these days,.currentlys等标志词出现时，优先考虑进行时被动。 2.主语与动词的被动关系 若主语是动作承受者，且动作正在进行，则用am/is/are being done。 3.非谓语动词中的being done 在句中作主语、宾语、定语等时，being done表示正在被进行的动作（如：I appreciate being invited to the party.) 4.与感官动词、使役动词的搭配 如see/hear/notice sb doing sth变成被动时为sb is seen/heard/.noticed being done. 5.复合句中的时态一致 主句使用一般现在时或现在进行时，从句若表示正在进行的被动动作，也需用现在进行时 被动。 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择(5小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.The latest version of the software right now,and it will be released next week. A.is tested B.is being tested C.has been tested D.was tested 2.-Why is the laboratory so noisy?-A new experiment by the researchers. A.is conducting B.is being conducted C.has conducted D.was conducted 3.All the tickets for the concert at the moment;you'd better hurry. A.are selling B.are being sold C.have sold D.were sold 4.The bridge,which at present,is expected to be completed by 2026. A.is built B.is being built C.has been built D.was built 5.The patient now in the emergency room.Please wait outside. A.is operated on B.is being operated on C.has operated on D.was operated on (二)用所给词的正确形式填空(5小题) 根据句子语境，用括号内动词的适当形式填空（注意时态和语态）。 1.The whole city (transform)into a smart city,and many new facilities are being set up these days. 2.Look！The old temple (restore)by a team of skilled workers. 3.At this very moment,the final decision(make)by the committee,so please wait for the announcement. 4.The children (teach)how to swim at the pool now;they are enjoying the lesson. 5.A new kind of drug (develop)to fight against the virus,and clinical trials are underway. (三)篇章语法填空(10空) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给动词的正确形式（必要时可加助动词或情态动词）。 A major exhibition 1. (hold)at the National Museum right now.Many priceless artifacts 2. (display)for the first time in decades.The security system 3.(upgrade)currently to ensure the safety of the exhibits Meanwhile,a special lecture on ancient Chinese art 4.(give)by Professor Li in the main hall.Visitors 5. (allow)to take photos,but flash photography is prohibited. Behind the scenes,a team of experts 6. (work)on the conservation of a newly discovered bronze vessel.The vessel 7.(clean)carefully with special tools at the moment.It is reported that similar restoration projects 8. (carry out)in several museums across the country these years.The whole event 9. (broadcast)live on the museum's official website,so people all over the world can watch it.If you are interested,you can also join the online tour while the exhibition 10. (still,conduct). 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.B;2.B;3.B;4.B;5.B 选择 (二)用所 给词的正确 1.is being transformed 2.is being restored 3.is being made 4.are being taught 5.is being developed 形式填空 (三)篇章 1.is being held 2.are being displayed 3.is being upgraded 4.is 语法填空 being given 5.are allowed 6.are working 7.is being cleaned 8.are being carried out 9.is being broadcast 10.is still being conducted 章 语法精讲精练二 (一)基本定义 现在完成时被动语态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，且主语是动作的承受 者。它是高考英语语法填空、短文改错、写作中的核心时态考点，重点考查结构完整性、 时间状语搭配及与一般过去时被动语态的区分。 (二) 核心结构 时态 主动语态 被动语态 现在完成 时 have/has done have/has been done The workers have built the The bridge has been built by the 示例 bridge workers 注意：主语为第三人称单数时用has been done,其他用have been done。 (三)主要用法（高考高频考点） 1.强调动作的完成对现在的影响或结果（动作发生在过去，结果现在可见） 例句：The new airport has been opened to the public.(机场已开放，现在 人们可以使用) 考点：常与already,yet,just,recently,lately,so far等时间状语连用。 2.动作发生在过去，但未明确具体时间，且主语是承受者 例句：The plan has been discussed several times.(讨论过多次，但不强 调具体何时) 对比：一般过去时被动语态强调动作发生在过去某一具体时间： The plan was discussed yesterday.(有明确时间) 3.用于“itis+过去分词+that从句"结构 例句：It has been reported that the project will be finished next year. 高考常考：It has been said/announced/believed that.. (四) 常见时间状语与位置（表格对比） 时间状语 位置 示例 放在been前或句 The work has already been already肯定句中 未 finished yet否定/疑问句末 句末 Has the work been finished yet? just recently lately 放在been前 The book has just been published. since+时间点/for+时 间段 句末 The bridge has been used for ten years. (五)现在完成时被动Vs一般过去时被动（高考必考点） 对比维 现在完成时被动(have/has been 一般过去时被动(was/were done) 度 done) 时间 不强调具体时间，强调与现在的联系 强调过去某个具体时间发生的动作 结果 对现在有影响或结果 只陈述过去事实，不一定与现在有关 already,yet,just,recently, yesterday,last week,in 2020,when 标志词 since,for 从句 例句 The letter has been sent. The letter was sent yesterday.(只说 在信不在了) 明昨天寄出) ★易错提醒：当句中有明确过去时间状语时（如last year,two days ago),只能用一 般过去时被动，不能用现在完成时被动。 (六)否定与疑问形式 否定：have/has+not+been+done The problem has not been solved yet. 疑问：Have/Has+主语+been+done? Has the experiment been completed? (七)高考高频考点总结 l结构完整性：必须包含“have/has+been+过去分词”，缺一不可。 2.主谓一致：主语是单数/不可数名词用has,复数用have。 3.不规则动词过去分词：如write→written,break→broken,.choose→chosen。. 4.与情态动词连用：情态动词+have been done(如must have been done)。 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择(8小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.The experiment yet,so we have to wait. A.hasn't been finished B.wasn't finished C.hasn't finished D.didn't finish 2.All the tickets already by the time we arrived. A.have been B.had been sold C.were sold D.are sold sold 3.This is the first time that the exhibition in our city. A.holds B.held C.has been held D.is held 4.Great progress in the field of Al in recent years. A.is made B.has been C.was made D.had been made made 5.-Have you heard about the new policy?-Yes,it on the official website already. A.has posted B.posted C.has been D.was posted posted 6.The bridge for a long time,but it is still in good condition. A.has been used B.is used C.had been used D.was used 7.I'm sorry,sir.Your car_yet.Please come back in an hour. A.hasn't repaired B.hasn't been repaired C.wasn't repaired D.isn't repaired 8.A new hospital in this area since last year,but it will take another year to complete. A.is built B.has built C.has been built D.has been building (二)用所给词的适当形式填空(8小题) 根据句子语境，用括号内动词的现在完成时被动语态形式填空。 1.The problem (discuss)many times but no solution has been found so far. 2.Up to now,more than 10,000 trees (plant)in our community. 3.The book (translate)into several languages since it came out. 4.- the task (complete)yet?-Not yet.We need more time. 5.All the preparations for the party (make)already,so we can start now. 6.It is said that the famous painting (steal)from the museum recently. 7.The research (conduct)over the past three years and the results are encouraging. 8.A lot of money (collect)for the poor children in the last two months. (三)篇章语法填空(12小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给动词的正确形式。注意：部分空格可能需要使用 现在完成时被动语态，也可能使用其他时态或语态。 The city library,which 1. (build)in the 1950s,2. (recently renovate)to meet modern standards.Over the past three months, many old books 3. (replace)by digital versions.So far,three reading rooms 4._ (equip)with computers and free Wi-Fi.The renovations 5. (not /complete)yet,but the first floor already 6. (open)to the public. A new children's area 7._ _(design)by a famous architect and it 8. (finish)next month.Many events 9._ (hold)in the library since the renovation began,including reading clubs and lectures.However, some rare books 10. (damage)during the process,which 11. (make)the librarians very worried.They 12._ (take) immediate action to protect the remaining collections. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.A;2.B;3.C;4.B;5.C;6.A;7.B;8.C 选择 (二)用所 1.has been discussed 2.have been planted 3.has been 给词的适当 translated 4.Has;been completed 5.have been made 6.has 形式填空 been stolen 7.has been conducted 8.has been collected 1.was built 2.has recently been renovated 3.have been (三)篇章 replaced 4.have been equipped 5.haven't been completed 语法填空 6.has been opened 7.has been designed 8.will be finished 9.have been held 10.were damaged 11.made 12.have taken