Unit 6 Disaster and hope-2026-2027学年高中英语语法专项精讲精练必修三（外研版）

Unit 6 Disaster and hope 语法专项精讲精练 语法概览 女同步语法一：省略句(Ellipsis) 女同步语法二：状语从句（时间/条件状语从句） 语法精讲精练一 (一)基本定义 省略句是英语中为避免重复、突出新信息而省去句子中某些成分的语法现象。省略后的句子应 保持语义清晰、语法正确。在高考阅读理解、语法填空、短文改错中，理解省略结构是快速解 题的关键。 (二)核心用法与位置 省略句按省略成分的位置可分为状语从句中的省略、并列句中的省略、不定式中的省略和定语 从句中的省略。高考重点考查前三种。 省略类型 省略规则 典型例句 说明 当从句主语与主句主语 When (he was)asked 常见连词： 一致，且从句谓语中含 1.状语从句中的 about his plan,he kept when,while, 有be动词时，可省略从 省略 silent.Though (he is) if,unless, 句主语和be动词（常保 tired,he continued though,as if, 留连词+分词/形容词/ 介词短语)。 working. once Tom likes music,and 2.并列句中的省 并列句中，相同的谓语 Mary (likes)painting.I 省略后确保结构 略 动词、宾语或表语可省 can play the guitar,but 平行，不引起歧 略，仅保留不同部分。 he cannot (play the 义 guitar). 为避免重复，不定式符 一Would you like to join 注意：感官动词 3.不定式中的省 号to后的动词原形可省 us？-l'd love to (join 和使役动词后的 略 略；情态动词后的动词 you).He can't swim,but 不定式常省去to 原形也可省略。 she can (swim). 关系代词作宾语时可省 The book (that/which)I 4.定语从句中的 关系代词作主语 省略 略（仅限于限制性定语 bought yesterday is 时不可省略 从句)。 interesting. (三)核心含义区分 1.状语从句省略 状语从句省略：体现主从句主语一致，且动作的主动/被动关系由分词形式体现(doig表 主动，done表被动)。 2.并列句省略 并列句省略：体现句子结构的对称性，省略后往往保留不同的部分。 3.不定式省略 不定式省略：体现对重复动作的规避，省略后to仍保留，表示动作已被提及。 (四)省略句Vs完整句（高考必考点） 高考常考查省略结构的还原与判断。解题关键： 找出省略成分：根据上下文提示，补全省略的部分。 判断省略类型：决定是否需要补全主语、be动词、动词原形等。 省略句 完整句（还原后） If necessary,I If it is necessary,I will call you. will call you. He drives faster than He drives faster than she drives. she (does). The man (whom)you met is my The man whom you met is my teacher. teacher. -Are you coming？-l -Are you coming?-I hope (that)I am coming. hope so. 易错点： 在if/unless等引导的条件状语从句中，省略后必须保留连词，且分词形式需与主句主语逻 辑关系一致（主动用doing,被动用done)。 并列句中，省略部分不能改变原句的时态、语态及否定形式。 (五)高考高频考点总结（附例句） 1.状语从句省略(when/while/if/unless/though+分词/形容词/介词短语) While walking in the park,I met an old friend. OUnless invited,he won't come. Though tired,she kept working. 2并列句省略（重复的主语、谓语、宾语、表语） She is a teacher and her husband(is)a doctor. OI have finished my task,but he hasn't(finished his task). 3.不定式省略(to后的动词原形省去) -Did you see the film?-I wanted to (see it),but I was too busy. He can't drive,but I can (drive). 4.定语从句中关系代词作宾语省略 OThe reason (that/which)he gave was not acceptable. 5.交际用语中的省略（如：Sounds great./Not at all.,/So do I.) 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择（10小题) 从A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。 1.When to the interview,you should dress formally. A.asking B.asked C.to ask D.ask 2.The teacher entered the classroom, by a group of students. A.following B.followed C.to follow D.follow 3.-Would you like to go camping with us?-I'd love_ but I have to prepare for the exam. A.to B.to go C.go D.going 4.Tom speaks Chinese much better than in his class A.any student B.any other student C.any students D.others 5.Though very young,she could play the piano beautifully. A.being B.was C.is D./ 6.The boy in the accident was sent to hospital immediately. A.injuring B.injured C.injure D.to injure 7.-I haven't finished my homework yet.- A.Neither have I B.Neither I have C.So have I D.So I have 8.He is a good student,and his sister a good student as well. A.is B.was C.being D./ 9.The building last year is now used as a library. A.built B.building C.being built D.to build 10.I don't know the exact time the meeting will start. A.when B.that C./ D.which (二)用所给词的正确形式填空(8小题) 根据句子语境，用括号内动词的正确形式填空。 1.When (compare)with others,you may feel more motivated. 2.The girl,though (scold)by her mother,refused to apologize. 3.He is an honest man;his words are always_ (trust). 4.-Do you want to see the film?-Yes,I plan (see)it tomorrow. 5.The question(raise)at the conference remains unsolved. 6.Unless (invite),you shouldn't attend the party. 7.She sings better than(do)her brother. 8.The man_ (call)John is waiting for you outside. (三)篇章语法填空(10小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last week,our school held a speech contest.The winner,a boy named Li Hua, gave a wonderful speech.When 1. (ask)about his secret,he said,"I practiced every day,and 2.(if)possible,I recorded my own voice to find mistakes.His words inspired many students,3. (include)me. During the contest,some speakers were so nervous that they forgot their lines.But Li Hua remained calm,4.(even)when the microphone suddenly stopped working.He continued speaking loudly 5.(as)nothing had happened.After the contest,the principal praised him,saying,"I wish every student 6. (can)develop such courage. Interestingly,Li Hua's speech was about the importance of perseverance.He quoted a famous writer:"7.(give)up easily,you will live a life of regret." He stressed that one should never stop trying,even 8.(challenge)by difficulties. Now,Li Hua is preparing for the national competition.When 9. (ask)about his goal,he just smiled and said,"I hope to do my best,and I'm sure I 10. (can)."We all believe he will succeed. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 选择 1.B;2.B;3.A;4.B;5.D;6.B;7.A;8.A;9.A;10.C (二)用所 1.compared 2.scolded 3.trusted 4.to see;5.raised 6.invited; 给词的适当 7.does 8.called 形式填空 (三)篇章 1.asked 2.if 3.including 4.even 5.as 6.could 7.Giving; 语法填空 8.challenged 9.asked 10.can 语法精讲精练二 (一)基本定义 状语从句在复合句中充当状语，修饰主句的动词、形容词或整个句子。时间状语从句表示 主句动作发生的时间，条件状语从句表示主句动作发生的条件。两类从句是高考语法填 空、短文改错、写作中的高频考点，尤其需要掌握连接词的选择与主从句时态搭配。 (二)核心连接词与用法对比 类型 连接词 含义 注意点 时间状 when可接点/段；while强调持续；as when while as 当..时 语从句 强调”一边…一边“或伴随 在…之前/之 before after 主句与从句动作先后关系明确 后 主句动词为延续性动词用肯定，为瞬间动 until till 直到.… 词用否定(not.until), since 自从. 主句常用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时 主句将来时，从句用一般现在时（主将从 as soon as 现) 条件状 如果/除非(= if unless unless后接肯定形式，相当于if.not 语从句 if not) as long as/so 只要 强调条件唯一或充分 long as on condition that 在…条件下 较正式，常出现在写作或阅读中 provided/ 假如，如果 多用于书面语 providing that (三)核心时态规则（高考必考点） 1.主将从现：主句用一般将来时（或含情态动词、祈使句），时间/条件状语从句用一般现 在时。 例：If you arrive early,you will get a good seat. I will tell her the news as soon as she comes back. 2.主过从过：主句用一般过去时或过去将来时，从句用相应的过去时态（一般过去时或过 去完成时)。 When the teacher entered the classroom,all the students stood up. 例：He had already left before I arrived. 3.since从句特殊时态：主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 例：I have lived here since I was a child. 4.until/ti川的时态与动词类型 延续性动词（肯定）：He waited until she came. 瞬间动词（否定）：He did not leave until the rain stopped (四)易混点与高考高频考点 l.when vs while vs as区分 when:可指时间点或时间段；从句动词可为瞬间或延续。 while:强调时间段，从句动词必为延续性；常表示“在..期间"。 as:强调两个动作同时发生，常译为“一边...一边.."或“随着”。 经典高考题：He was reading a book while his mother was cooking.(主从 句动作同时持续) 易错：when还可表“这时（突然）"，用于be about to do.when./had done.when..句型。 2.unless与if.not互换 Unless you work hard,you will fail.If you do not work hard,you will fail (高考常考改写) 3.as long as与if的语气区别 as long as强调“只要..就."，条件更强；if只是普通假设。 4.省略现象（时间/条件状语从句的省略） 当从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句含be动词时，可省略“主语+be"。 例：If(itis)necessary,I will come.→省略后：If necessary,I will come. 例：When(you are)in trouble,ask for help.→省略后：When in trouble,ask for help. (五)高考高频考点总结（附例句） 1.主将从现的考查 例：If it rains tomorrow,the picnic will be cancelled.(从句用一般现在时代 替将来时) 2.until/not..unti的倒装与强调 例：Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.(倒装结 构，高考重点) 3.when表“这时突然"的特殊用法 例：I was about to leave when it began to rain. 4.since的时态搭配 例：It has been three years since I graduated from high school..(主句用 现在完成时，从句用一般过去时) 5.unless引导的条件状语从句 You will not pass the exam unless you study harder. 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择(10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.I will call you I get to the station A.while B.as soon as C.until D.since 2.You will miss the train you hurry up. A.if B.unless C.as long as D.when 3.He was reading a newspaper his wife was cooking in the kitchen. A.when B.as C.while D.since 4.We had waited for an hour the bus finally came. A.when B.before C.until D.after 5. you work hard,you will succeed one day. A.As soon as B.Since C.Unless D.As long as 6.It is ten years_ he left his hometown. A.when B.until C.since D.before 7.Don't get off the bus it has stopped completely. A.while B.when C.until D.as soon as 8.I was about to go to bed there was a knock on the door. A.while B.when C.as D.until 9. you promise to come back early,you can go out to play. A.Unless B.Until C.As long as D.When 10.Please keep quiet the meeting is going on. A.when B.as soon as C.while D.since (二)用适当的连接词填空(8小题) 根据句意，从方框中选择合适的连接词填空（每词限用一次）。 I when while until since if unless as soon asas long as| 1.I won't believe youI see it with my own eyes. 2. she arrived,we started the discussion. 3.The child kept crying his mother came back. 4. _you don't mind,I'll open the window. 5.He has changed a lot_he went to college. 6. I was walking in the street,I met an old friend. 7.You will not improve_ you practice more. 8. you study hard,you will make progress. (三)篇章语法填空(10小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的连接词或所给动词的正确形式。 Last Sunday,I was about to leave the house 1. _a strong wind blew up. I decided to wait 2. the wind died down.However,I had to go out because 3. I stayed home,I would miss the final exam review class. 4. I stepped outside,the wind almost blew me off my feet.I walked slowly 5. it became too dangerous.6. I finally reached the school gate,the class had already begun.The teacher said,"You will be allowed in 7. _you promise to be quiet."I nodded.After class,I realized that 8. you are determined,you can overcome any difficulty. 9. _I get home that day,I wrote a diary about this experience.It reminds me that life is full of surprises 10. you are always ready to face them. (四)完成句子(6小题) 根据汉语提示，用状语从句完成句子。（每题30个下划线） 1如果你明天不来，我会代替你参加会议。 2.直到雨停了我扌离开教室。 3.当我在看书时，弟弟正在玩手机。 4.自从我搬到这个城市，已经认识了很多新朋友。 5.只要你坚持练习，你的英语水平就会提高。 6.她一听到这个消息，就立刻哭了起来。 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.B;2.B;3.C;4.B;5.D;6.C;7.C;8.B;9.C;10.C 选择 (二)用适 当的连接词 1.until 2.As soon as 3.until 4.If 5.since 6.While 7.unless; 填空 8.As long as (三)篇章 1.when 2.until 3.if 4.When 5.until 6.When 7.if 8.as long 语法填空 as 9.When 10.as long as 1.If you don't come tomorrow,I will take your place to attend the meeting.2.I didn't leave the classroom until the rain stopped. (四)完成 3.While I was reading a book,my brother was playing with his 句子 mobile phone.4.I have made many new friends since I moved to this city.5.As long as you keep practicing,your English level will improve.6.She cried as soon as she heard the news.