Unit 3 Healthy Lifestyle-2026-2027学年高中英语语法专项精讲精练必修三（沪外版）

Unit 3 Healthy Lifestyle 语法专项精讲精练 语法概览 女同步语法一：省略句(Ellipsis) ☆同步语法二：动词短语搭配：Verb+out 语法精讲精练 (一)基本定义 省略句是英语中为避免重复、使表达简洁而省略句子一个或多个成分的现象。在高考英语中， 省略句常见于状语从句、并列句、定语从句、口语交际及非谓语动词的转换中，是阅读理解 长难句分析和语法填空的重要考点。省略的核心原则是：不影响句意理解，且被省略的成分通 常可以从上下文中明确推断。 (二)核心用法与分类 省略句的类型多样，下表梳理了高考中最常考的六大类型及其规则。 省略类型 核心规则与用法 例句与说明 当状语从句主语与主句主语一致，且 When (he was)asked 从句谓语包含be动词时，可同时省略 about his plan,he kept silent. 1.状语从句中的 从句主语和be动词，形成“连词+非 -While (I was)walking 省略 alone,I met an old friend,★高 谓语动词形容词名词介词短语”结 构。 考高频：when,while,if,unless, though,asif等连词后。 在由and,but,or连接的并列句中， -He likes playing football,but 2.并列句中的省 重复的谓语部分（包括谓语动词及宾 his brother (likes)basketball.-I 略 语/状语)常被省略。 can sing English songs,and he can (sing English songs),too. The book(that/which)I 3.定语从句中的 关系代词作宾语时可省略。~关系 borrowed is very interesting. 省略 副词why/where/when在口语或非 I'll never forget the day 正式文体中可省略，或替换为that。 (when/that)we met./注意：关 系代词作主语时不可省略。 -I think (that)he is right.-The 宾语从句中，连词that常可省略 4.名词性从句中 (尤其在主从复合句中)。~虚拟语气 teacher ordered that we 的省略 (should)finish the task by 中，表建议、命合等词后的should常 省略。 Friday..★考点：that在引导主语 从句、表语从句时不可省略。 为避免重复，省略不定式中的动词 -I asked him to stay,but he refused to (stay).-He isn't as 5.动词不定式中 原形及其后的成分，但保留to。-如 的省略 energetic as he used to be. 果不定式为系动词be或完成式，则保 She looks happier now than 留tobe或to have beeno she used to be 在对话中，根据语境省略主语、谓 6.口语交际中的 -(It is)Good morning.-(You 省略 语或整个句子成分，使表达自然地 are)Going swimming?-(Are 道。 you)Ready?-Yes.(I'm ready.) (三)核心含义区分与易错点 1.语义完整性 省略后必须保证句意清晰无歧义，否则不能省略。 O例句：ve read the book(that)you recommended, (省略that,句意清晰) 2状语从句省略的条件 省略后若只剩单个不及物动词，则不能省略主语和be动词。 ②例句：While(lwas)studying abroad,I learned a lot. 3.不定式省略中保留“to”的规则 Fbe glad to,want to,hope to,would like to,try to,used to,ought to,plan to等结构后。若省略to,则表意变化。 O例句：He said he would come,but he failed to(come). (四)省略句Vs完整句（高考必考点对比） 省略句常与独立主格结构、wt复合结构、分词作状语等语法现象关联，需要考生精准判断逻 辑关系。 结构 核心关系 例句 省略句（状语从 从句省略主语+be,主语与主句主 When (it is)completed,the 句) 语一致，谓语为非谓语或名词/形 museum will be open to the 容词。 public. 分词前带有自己的逻辑主语，与主 独立主格结构 句主语不同，有时可视为省略句的 Weather permitting,we'll go for a picnic. 变体。 with复合结构 用with引出逻辑主语+非谓语/介 The teacher came in,with a 词短语/形容词，表伴随或原因。 book (being)held in his hand. (五)高考高频考点总结（附例句） 1.状语从句连词后+V-ingV-ed/Adj的省略判断 还原为完整时间/条件/让步状语从句，看主语是否一致。 g例句：Though tired,he continued working. 2.不定式符号to的保留与省略 注意否定结构"l prefer not to."中to不可遗漏。 ②例句：I'd like to help,but I don't know how to 3.并列句中的谓一致省略 O例句：Some students like painting,and others(like)reading 4.定语从句关系代词省略的语境判断 及物动词后缺宾语时可省，不及物动词后不可省。 ②例句：The house(which/that)we visited is very old. 5.口语省略：答题时需根据对话逻辑补全 O例句：-Jack,would you like to join us?-Sure,'d love to. 二、专项练习 （一)单项选择(10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.The meeting last Friday is still under discussion. A.held B.was held C.holding D.having held 2.When for his opinion,the boy kept silent. A.asking B.asked C.to ask D.being asked 3.She didn't come to school yesterday,and I didn't A.too B.also C.either D.neither 4.The professor will give us a lecture on the history of English,and he has decided A.to B.to do C.so D.that 5.-'l‖I never understand the theory.一 It's too abstract. A.Neither I will B.Neither will I C.So I won't D.So won't I 6.All the tasks ahead of time,they decided to take a holiday. A.having been fulfilled B.has been fulfilled C.fulfilled D.fulfilling 7.I think you'd better not do that.If you'll be in trouble A.so B.not C.any D.such 8.The book by the famous author has been translated into many languages. A.written B.writing C.was written D.to write 9.-What made him so sad?- his hard-earned money. A.Losing B.Because losing C.Lost D.To lose 10.He is taller than I A.am B.am tall C./ D.do (二)用所给词的适当形式填空(8小题) 根据句子语境，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空（注意是否需要省略或变换形式）。 1.When (cross)the street,you should look both ways. 2.The man (catch)the thief was praised by the police 3.He admitted that he had made a mistake,and I believed he was sorry (do)so. 4.Unless (invite)to speak,you should remain silent. 5.The teacher asked us to finish the report on time,and we promised (do). 6.The computer (give)to me as a birthday present works well. 7.Though (exhaust)after the long journey,they kept moving forward. 8.-Shall I open the window?-I'd rather you didn't,but you can if you want (open). (三)篇章语法填空(12小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式（注意省略与完整 形式的判断)。 Knowledge is power.But when 1. (apply)in the wrong way,it can also be dangerous.A student 2. (know)as Tom once built a small device at home While 3. (experiment)with it,he accidentally caused a small fire.The fire 4. (put)out quickly,but the experience taught him a lesson:he should never practice without proper guidance. Now,5.(prepare)for a science fair,Tom is much more careful.He follows every step as 6.(instruct)by his teacher.He also asks for help whenever he feels it necessary 7. (do so).The project 8.(work on)by his group for weeks is a solar-powered car. If 9. (permit),they will demonstrate it in the school hall next week.His teacher says Tom has changed a lot since last year,and he truly has.The once careless boy is now much more responsible 10. he used to be.Tom himself is aware of this change and is proud 11. (be)a better version of himself. Knowledge,after all,serves its best purpose only when used 12.(proper). 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.A;2.B;3.C;4.A;5.B6.A;7.B;8.A;9.A;10.A 选择 (二)用所 给词的适当 1.crossing 2.catching 3.to do 4.invited 5.to 6.given 7.exhausted 8.to 形式填空 (三)篇章 1.applied 2.known 3.experimenting 4.was put 5.preparing 语法填空 6.instructed 7.to 8.worked on 9.permitted 10.than 11.to be 12.properly 章 语法精讲精练二 (一)基本定义 Verb+out是高中英语中高频动词短语结构，其中out作小品词，常表示“向外、完 全、消除、结束、清楚、分发、结果"等含义。此类短语在完形填空、语法填空、阅读理 解及写作中频繁出现，是高考核心考点之一。 (二) 核心用法与分类 含义类 常见短语 例句 考点提示 别 发现/ find out,figure I need to find out 常与solve,discover互换；注意 弄明白 out,work out the truth. 及物性 指出/ point out,speak He pointed out my point out后接名词/从句；speak 表明 out,spell out mistake. out强调公开说 执行引 carry out常接 carry out,work They carried out plan/experiment work out 完成 out,turn out the plan. 义 分发划 hand out,give The teacher handed 分配 give out还有"耗尽、发出"含义 out,pass out out the papers 爆发/ break out,burst A fire broke out last break out不及物，无被动； 发生 out,come out night. come out多义 耗尽 run out (of), My patience is run out不及物；run out of及 用光 give out running out. 物 结果/ turn out,come The party turned turn out后接tobe或that从句 证明 out out to be a success 扑灭/ put out,wipe The fire was put out put out可及物，有被动形式 消除 out,block out quickly. (三)核心用法详解 1.及物动词短语（必须带宾语） find out sth find out that... figure out sth figure out how to do... work out sth /work out a solution point out sth/point out that... carry out sth hand out sth/hand sth out(代词放中间，如hand them out) give out sth/give sth out(代词放中间) put out sth/put sth out(代词放中间) 2.不及物动词短语（不带宾语） break out(爆发) run out(用光，主语是被消耗物) come out(出来、出版、结果是) turn out(结果是、证明是) speak out(大胆说出) give out(用尽，主语是人或物，如His strength gave out.) 3.被动语态中的应用 及物Verb+out短语可用于被动： The experiment was carried out successfully. The fire was put out by the firefighters. ★注意：break out等不及物短语无被动形式。 (四)高频易混点 work out ①解决问题：Ican't work out this math problem. ②锻炼：He works out every morning, ③进展顺利：Things worked out well.. ④计算出：Can you work out the total cost? turn out ①结果是：The event turned out to be a success, ②生产：The factory turns out 100 cars per day.. ③关掉（灯）：urn out the lights. run out vs run out of run out(不及物)：Time is running out. run out of(及物)：We've run out of water.. give out ①分发：The teacher gave out the test papers. ②用尽：His patience gave out ③发出（光、热等）：The sun gives out light. (五)高考高频考点总结 1根据语境选择正确动词短语。 The problem worked out by the student is correct. 2.区分及物与不及物，判断是否需加宾语。 例：The plan was carried out successfully. 3被动语态下的形式。 例：The fire was put out by the firefighters. 4.相近短语辨析（如find out/figure out/work out)。 例：Can you figure out the meaning of this word? 5.非谓语动词中的使用。 The problem worked out by the student is correct. 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择（10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.The government has a new plan to reduce pollution. A.carried out B.broken out C.run out D.turned out 2.The truth will sooner or later.No one can hide it. A.break out B.come out C.give out D.work out 3.We need to who broke the window. A.look out B.find out C.set out D.point out 4.After hours of discussion,they finally a solution A.worked out B.gave out C.broke out D.turned out 5.The teacher the exam papers and asked us to start A.handed out B.gave in C.carried out D.sent out 6.I'm sorry,but we have of milk.Could you buy some? A.run out B.run out of C.run away D.run over 7.The meeting to be a great success. A.turned out B.broke out C.figured out D.pointed out 8.He the importance of teamwork in his speech. A.worked out B.pointed out C.gave out D.set out 9.The fire in the middle of the night,causing great damage. A.broke out B.came out C.turned out D.carried out 10.Please your own ideas before the discussion begins. A.find out B.set out C.figure out D.speak out (二)用所给动词短语的适当形式填空(8小题) 从方框中选择合适的动词短语，并用其正确形式填空（每个短语限用一次）。 方框： find out work out give out break out turn out run out of point out hand out come out put out 1.The teacher the test papers to the students 2.We all our money by the end of the trip 3.The police are trying to who stole the car. 4.The truth will always_ _no matter how hard you try to hide it. 5.A fire in the hotel last night. 6.The problem is too difficult to 7.The manager the importance of safety in the meeting. 8.His strength after running for two hours. (三)篇章语法填空（12小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给动词短语的正确形式。 Last month,a terrible fire 1. (break out)in the chemical factory.The firefighters quickly arrived and 2. (carry out)the rescue operation. They 3._ (hand out)masks to the people nearby.The cause of the fire was difficult to 4. (figure out).The police 5. (find out) that safety rules had been ignored.Meanwhile,many citizens 6. (give out)food and water to the affected families. It 7. (turn out)that the fire started from an old machine which 8. (run out of)oil.The factory manager 9. (point out)that the machine needed regular checks.By the next day,the fire had been 10. (put out)by the firefighters.The whole event 11. (work out)to be a lesson for everyone.The local government 12. (set out)new safety regulations soon after. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.A;2.B;3.B;4.A;5.A;6.B7.A;8.B;9.A;10.D 选择 (二)用所 给动词短语 1.handed out;2.ran out of;3.find out;4.come out;5.broke out;6. 的适当形式 work out;7.pointed out;8.gave out 填空 (三)篇章 1.broke out;2.carried out;3.handed out;4.figure out;5.found 语法填空 out;6.gave out;7.turned out;8.ran out of;9.pointed out;10.put out;11.worked out;12.set out