Unit 4 My space-2026-2027学年高中英语语法专项精讲精练必修一（沪教版）

Unit 4 My space 语法专项精讲精练 语法概览 女同步语法一：限定性定语从句的特殊用法 女同步语法二：副词运用：方式副词、程度副词、评述副词 语法精讲精练 (一)基本定义 限定性定语从句是对先行词进行限定的定语从句，与先行词关系紧密，去掉后主句意思不完整 或逻辑矛盾。在高考英语中，关系词的选择（尤其是特殊用法）是核心考点。 (二)核心用法与特殊规则 类别 具体规则 例句 ①只用that的情况：先行词 为不定代词、被最高级/序数 ①All that glitters is not gold.② 关系代词that与 词/the only等修饰、既有人 This is the book in which I found which的选择 又有物②只用which的情 况：介词前置时、非限定性定 the answer. 语从句 ①when=介词+which(先 行词为时间)②where=介 I remember the day when we 关系副词 词+which(先行词为地点或 first met.This is the point when/where/why 抽象地点，如situation, where we disagree.3 The point)③why=for which reason why he left is unknown. (先行词为reason) 类别 具体规则 例句 ①介词取决于从句动词的固定 ①The man with whom you 搭配或先行词逻辑关系②关系 shook hands is a scientist.2 The 介词+关系代词 代词只能用whom(指人)或 house in which I lived is now a which(指物)，不能用that museum. ①先行词被序数词或最高级修 It is the best film that I have 饰②先行词为al,much, seen.2 Everything that he said little,none,everything was true.3 They talked about 只能用that的五种情 不定代词③先行词既有人又有the persons and things that they 况 物④先行词被the only,the remembered.He is the only very,the last等修饰⑤主句 man that can help us.Which is 以who/which开头 the book that you like best? This is the room in which I was 只能用which的两种 ①关系代词前有介词时②非 born.The house,which I 情况 限定性定语从句 bought last year,is beautiful. O The book that/which )I ①作动词宾语时可省略②作 关系代词的省略 介词宾语（介词在从句末尾） bought is interesting.The 时可省略③作主语时不能省略 person whom/that )I talked to is my teacher. 三种引导方式：①in which 先行词the way后 (最正式)②that(较常见) I don't like the way in which/that 的定语从句 he speaks. ③省略关系词（最口语） as引导的限定性定语 用于such..as,the same..as,as.as结构，as Such books as you bought are 从句 在从句中作主语/宾语/俵语 useful. (三)高考高频考点总结（附例句） 1.只用that的语境 O例句：I have read all the books that you lent me,(先行词为al) 2.介词+关系代词的选用 O例句：The man with whom you shook hands is a famous scientist.(with来 自shake hands with) 3.先行词为reason/time/place的关系词 ②例句：I still remember the day when I first came here,(when=on which) 4.关系代词作宾语的省略 g例句：The present(that)he gave me is very precious. 5.the way后的定语从句 ②例句：The way he solved the problem surprised us.(省略了in which或that) 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择(10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.The school I visited last year is famous for its beautiful campus. A.which B.where C.what D.in which 2.Is there anything I can do for you? A.which B.that C.what D.why 3.This is the most interesting novel I have ever read. A.which B.that C.what D,it 4.The reason he didn't attend the meeting is still unknown. A.why B.which C.that D.what 5.The factory production was closed down last year has reopened A.where B.which C.that D.whose 6.The students and the paintings you mentioned just now attract my attention. A.that B.which C.who D.whom 7.I don't like the way he treats his subordinates. A.which B.in which C.where D.what 8.The woman son won the first prize is a teacher. A.who B.whom C.whose D.that 9.The first thing we should do is to call the police. A.which B.that C.what D.why 10.This is the very book I have been looking for. A.which B.that C.what D.why (二)用适当的关系词填空(8小题) 在空白处填入恰当的关系代词或关系副词（每空一词）。 1.The factory, workers are all well-trained,produces high-quality goods. 2.This is the only one of the books worth reading. 3.We finally arrived at a small village_ people lived a peaceful life 4.The man you spoke to just now is my brother 5.Do you still remember the day_we first met? 6.The reason he was late is that he got up late. 7.The school _my father once worked is now a museum 8.Such people you described are rare nowadays. (三)篇章语法填空(12小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的词（每空一词）。 My hometown is a small town 1. thousands of visitors come every year. The first thing 2.strikes them is the beautiful lake.The reason 3. it is so famous is the clear water and the surrounding mountains. I still remember the days 4. I spent my childhood there.The lake,5 the locals take great pride,has a history of over 100 years.There is an old bridge 6. was built in the Ming Dynasty.The stones 7.it was made are still strong. My grandfather,8. used to be a fisherman,told me many stories about the lake.The way 9.he described the old times made me feel curious. Everything 10.he said seemed like a fairy tale.Now,the town has changed a lot,but the lake remains the same.The trees 11._ leaves turn golden in autumn line the shore.This is the very place 12. I would like to return again and again. 三、参考答案 （一）单项选择 1.A;2.B;3.B;4.A;5.D;6.A;7.B;8.C;9.B;10.B (二)用适当的关 1.whose 2.that 3.where;4.whom that);5.when 6.why 系词填空 7.where 8.as (三)篇章语法填 1.where 2.that 3.why 4.when 5.in which 6.which 7.of 空 which 8.who 9.in which 10.that 11.whose 12.where 语法精讲精练二 (一)基本定义 副词是修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子的词，表示时间、地点、方式、程度、评 述等。本讲聚焦三类核心副词：方式副词（说明动作如何发生）、程度副词（说明性质或 动作的程度)、评述副词（表达说话人对所述内容的态度或评价），是高考语法填空、短文 改错、写作提分的关键考点。 (二) 核心用法与位置 副 词 类 定义 常见词例 典型位置 例句 表示动 He drives carefully 方 作发生 She speaks English 式 的方 carefully,quickly, 1.动词后（及物动词 we.(注意：若动词带 副 loudly,patiently, 后可紧跟宾语，副词后 式、方 宾语，副词通常不放在动 well,hard 法或状 置)2.系动词后 词 词与宾语之间，而放宾语 态 后) 1.修饰形容词副词 程 表示动 时，通常放在它们前面 作或性 very,quite,rather, The exam is very extremely,almost, (enough例外，放后 difficult.He runs fast 副 质的程 hardly,enough, 面)2.修饰动词时， enough.I almost 词 度、强 too,so 常放在助动词与实义动 度 forgot the meeting. 词之间或句尾 对整句 fortunately, 1.句首（最常用，接 Fortunately,he 评 话内容 obviously,frankly, 逗号)2.句中（插在 述 passed the exam. 进行评 副 honestly,luckily, 主谓之间，常用逗号隔 She,obviously,didn't 价、表 开)3.句尾（较少 词 undoubtedly, understand.It's a 明立场 见，口语中) 或态度 surprisingly good idea,frankly. (三)核心含义与易错点 1.方式副词核心考点：位置与变形 形容词多数由“形容词+-y'构成(quick→quickly,careful--→carefully),但注意 例外：hard(努力地)与hardly(几乎不)含义不同；fast(快的/快地)本身既是 形容词也是副词；well是good的副词形式。 易错：He drives careful.(形容词误用作副词)→He drives carefully. 易错：She did the work wellly.(双重-y)→She did the work we∥. 2.程度副词核心考点：enough与too的搭配 enough修饰形容词/副词时，必须放在它们后面：old enough,quickly enough. too修饰形容词/副词时，常与todo连用：too tired to moveo 易错：He is enough old to drive.→He is old enough to drive, 3.评述副词核心考点：与方式副词的区分 方式副词修饰动作，评述副词修饰整个句子。试比较： 方式副词：He answered honestly.(说明回答的方式) 评述副词：Honestly,Idon't believe him.(表达说话人的态度) 评述副词：常见评述副词还有：actually,obviously,definitely,surprisingly, naturally,undoubtedlyo (四)高考高频考点总结（附例句） 1.方式副词的位置辨析 例句：She patient/y explained the problem.(副词放在动词前，强调耐心地) 对比：She explained the problem patient/y.(副词放句尾，自然表达方式) ★考点提示：当多个副词同时出现时，顺序一般为“方式-→地点→时间”：She sang beautifully in the hall last night. 2程度副词修饰形容词/副词时的顺序 例句：The movie was quite interesting.(quite修饰interesting) 例句：He drives so fast that I feel scared.(so修饰fast) ★考点提示：very不能直接修饰过去分词（如very interested→正确；但very interested中的interested已形容词化)。高考常考查very much修饰动词：Ilike it very much 3.评述副词与表示观点句的搭配 例句：Obviously,the plan needs improvement..(置于句首，逗号隔开) 例句：Unfortunately,all the tickets were sold out. ★考点提示：评述副词常出现在书面表达中，提升语言地道性，但注意不要滥用。 4.易混副词辨析（高考必考) hard(努力地)vs.hardly(几乎不)：He works hard every day./He hardly works at all. late(晚地)vs.lately(最近)：He came late./I haven't seen him lately. high(高地)vs.highly(高度地)：The bird flew high./She is highly praised. 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择(10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.The boy shouted when he saw the famous star. A.excited B.exciting C.excitedly D.excitement 2.You should drive than you did yesterday.It's raining heavily. A.more careful B.more carefully C.much careful D.carefully 3.We haven't seen each other for years,but we still keep in touch. A.luckily B.lucky C.luck D.unluckily 4.He didn't run to catch the bus,so he missed it A.enough fast B.fast enough C.too fast D.so fast 5.,the experiment failed because of a small mistake. A.Obviously B.Obvious C.Obviousness D.Being obvious 6.The old man walked across the street. A.slow B.slowly C.more slow D.slowness 7.It was cold last night that the pipes froze. A.so B.such C.very D.too 8.She speaks Russian well-almost like a native speaker. A.very B.quite C.much D.enough 9.The team performed in the final match and won the championship. A.excellent B.excellently C.excellence D.more excellent 10. I have never seen such a strange creature before. A.Honest B.Honestly C.Honesty D.Being honest (二)用所给词的适当形式填空(8小题) 根据句子语境，用括号内所给词的正确形式（副词或形容词）填空。 1.Please listen (careful)to what the teacher says. 2.He is (extreme)talented in music. 3.She spoke so _(quiet)that I couldn't hear her. 4. (fortunate),the fire was put out before it spread. 5.You should do your homework (independent);don't copy others. 6.The wind blew_(strong)last night,causing some damage. 7.He works (hard)because he wants to get promoted. 8. (sure),we will finish the project on time if everyone cooperates. (三)篇章语法填空(12小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给词的正确形式（必要时可加y或进行形容词/副 词转换)。 Last weekend,I went to a concert with my friend.The music was 1. (amazing)beautiful.The singer performed 2. (passionate)on stage, and the audience cheered 3. (loud).4. (fortunate),we had bought tickets 5.(early)enough to get good seats near the front. During the performance,the singer talked 6. (brief)about the meaning of each song.We listened 7. (attentive)to every word. 8. (unexpected),she invited a young girl from the audience to sing with her.It was a 9. (true)unforgettable moment. After the concert,we walked 10. (slow)along the street,talking about our favorite songs.I felt 11. (deep)moved by the experience. 12 (obvious),music has the power to connect people. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 选择 1.C;2.B;3.A;4.B;5.A;6.B;7.A;8.B;9.B;10.B (二)用所 给词的适当 1.carefully ;2.extremely ;3.quietly ;4.Fortunately ;5. 形式填空 independently 6.strongly 7.hard ;8.Surely (三)篇章 1.amazingly ;2.passionately 3.loudly 4.Fortunately 5.early 语法填空 6.briefly 7.attentively ;8.Unexpectedly 9.truly 10.slowly 11.deeply 12.Obviously