Unit 4 My space 语法(关系副词引导的定语从句)讲解 导学案-2026-2027学年沪教版英语必修第一册暑假衔接

Unit4 My space语法讲解与练习 关系副词引导的定语从句讲解 1. 核心总览 关系副词共3个：where / when / why 功能：在定语从句中作状语（地点状语、时间状语、原因状语）， 等价于「介词 + which」先行词对应： where：先行词表地点（room, space, house, campus, city 等） when：先行词表时间（day, moment, year, holiday 等） why：先行词只表原因（reason） 2. where 地点状语（=in/at/on which） 先行词：地点名词，从句缺地点状语 例句： This is my private space where I can relax alone. 这是我可以独自放松的私人空间。(where=in which) The dormitory where we live is clean and tidy. 我们居住的宿舍干净整洁。 I like the corner where I put my desk. 我喜欢摆放书桌的那个角落。 3. when 时间状语（=in/on/during which） 先行词：时间名词，从句缺时间状语 例句： I still remember the day when I got my own room. 我仍记得拥有自己房间的那天。(when=on which) There are moments when I want to stay in my space quietly. 总有一些时刻我想安静待在自己的小天地。 The holiday when we decorated our bedroom was unforgettable. 我们装修卧室的那个假期令人难忘。 4. why 原因状语（=for which） 先行词只能是 the reason，从句缺原因状语 例句： Tell me the reason why you want your own private space. 告诉我你想要私人空间的原因。(why=for which) I don’t know the reason why he dislikes his bedroom. 我不知道他不喜欢自己卧室的缘由。 5. 高频重难点 区分：关系副词 vs 关系代词 看从句缺什么成分： *从句主谓完整,不缺主语/宾语, 只缺 “地点/时间/原因” →用where/when/why/介词+which *从句缺少主语,宾语→ 能用关系代词 that/which/who,不能用关系副词 对比： ① This is the room where I study. （I study 主谓齐全，缺地点状语 → where = in which） ② This is the room that I like. （like 后面缺少宾语 → 用关系代词 that） A.介词 + which 替换关系副词 where /when/why 三类关系副词，都可以等价换成「介词 + which」，介词由定语从句里的固定搭配决定： *where = 介词 + which（表地点） live in the house → 介词用 in The house in which I live = The house where I live 我住的那间房子 stand at the corner → 介词用 at The corner at which I put my desk = The corner where I put my desk *when = 介词 + which（表时间） on the day → 介词用 on the day on which we moved = the day when we moved 我们搬家的那天 during the summer → 介词用 during the summer during which I decorated my room = the summer when I decorated my room *why = for which（只搭配 the reason，介词固定用 for） the reason for which he left = the reason why he left 他离开的原因 小口诀记忆 地点看搭配选介词，时间看搭配选介词，reason 永远搭配 for B.抽象地点先行词（必考难点） 有些单词本身不指实实在在的房子、房间，但语境里表示 “某个场景、阶段、局面”，我们统一叫抽象地点，后面定语从句缺地点状语时，一律用 where。 常见词：situation(局面), case（情况）,stage（阶段）,point（地步）,space（空间） 例句： We have reached a stage where we need separate personal space. 我们已经到了需要拥有独立私人空间的阶段。 补充例句（贴合单元 My space）： We are in a situation where we have no private space to relax. 我们正处在没有私人空间放松的处境。 There is a point where everyone wants to be alone. 总会到一个人人都想独处的时刻。 6.单元 My space 配套例句 A.The shelf where I store my books makes my space warm. B.There was a time when I hated sharing a bedroom with others. C.The reason why I love my small room is its quietness. D.This is the spot where I listen to music every night. E.I miss the summer when I stayed in my grandma’s quiet study. 【配套习题】 一、用所给提示词填空 1. This is the small study ______ I keep all my diaries. 2. I will never forget the weekend ______ I decorated my room. 3. Can you tell me the reason ______ you need more personal space? 4. The corner ______ my desk stands is full of plants. 5. There are times ______ I refuse to let others enter my private area. 6. The reason ______ she hates sharing rooms is lack of quietness. 7. The apartment ______ we lived last year had no independent balcony. 8. I cherish the evening ______ I rearranged my whole space. 9. Nobody knows the reason ______ he moved to a single dorm. 10. The stage ______ teenagers desire private space arrives early. 11. The holiday ______ I bought new furniture for my room was great. 12. The small balcony ______ I read books is my favourite spot. 13. The reason ______ many students want single rooms is obvious. 14. There is a moment ______ everyone wants to be alone. 15. The community ______ we live offers quiet personal activity areas. 16. I remember the morning ______ I got my own bedroom. 17. The reason ______ the space feels warm is all my little collections. 18. The situation ______ we lack private space often causes conflicts. 19. The summer ______ I painted my wall light blue impressed me deeply. 20. The tiny shelf ______ I put my toys is beside the window. 二、单项选择 1.This is the bedroom ______ I can enjoy complete freedom. A. when B. where C. why D. which 2.I still recall the day ______ I moved into my own space. A. where B. why C. when D. whose 3.Please explain the reason ______ you want to change your room. A. why B. when C. where D. which 4.We reached a point ______ we all need separate personal space. A. when B. where C. why D. what 5.The holiday ______ we cleaned our dorm together lasted a week. A. where B. why C. when D. whose 6.The small study ______ I read novels is my shelter. A. when B. where C. why D. whom 7.No one understands the reason ______ he locks his room all day. A. when B. where C. why D. which 8.There were moments ______ I wanted to escape the noisy shared room. A. when B. where C. why D. that 9.The apartment in ______ I lived before had no private corner. A. when B. where C. which D. why 10.The reason for ______ she left the dorm is lack of privacy. A. when B. which C. where D. why 11.The stage ______ kids long for their own room comes in teens. A. where B. when C. why D. whose 12.I love the afternoon ______ I stay alone in my little space. A. where B. why C. when D. which 13.The quiet corner ______ I place my lamp calms my mind. A. when B. where C. why D. whom 14.Can you tell me the reason ______ noise annoys you so much? A. when B. where C. why D. whose 15.The summer during ______ I decorated my room was wonderful. A. when B. which C. where D. why 16.The situation ______ people have no private space makes them upset. A. where B. when C. why D. what 17.I miss the night ______ I put up posters on my bedroom wall. A. where B. why C. when D. which 18.The balcony on ______ I grow flowers is my relaxing zone. A. when B. where C. which D. why 19.The reason ______ my space feels comfortable is soft lights. A. when B. where C. why D. whose 20.There is a time ______ everyone needs to stay away from crowds. A. when B. where C. why D. which 三、汉译英 1.这是我能安静独处的小书房。 ____________________________________________________ 2.我永远忘不了我拥有第一间私人房间的那天。 ____________________________________________________ 3.告诉我你渴望独立空间的理由。 ____________________________________________________ 4.我们到了人人都需要私人空间的阶段。 ____________________________________________________ 5.我整理卧室的那个周末过得十分惬意。 ____________________________________________________ 6.我放书桌的角落摆满了绿植。 ____________________________________________________ 7.很多学生想要单人宿舍的原因很明显。 ____________________________________________________ 8.总有那么一些时刻，我只想待在自己的小天地。 ____________________________________________________ 9.我们去年住的公寓没有独立阳台。 ____________________________________________________ 10.容易产生矛盾的场景就是缺少私人空间的时候。 ____________________________________________________ Keys 一、词形填空答案 1.where 2.when 3.why 4.where 5.when 6.why 7.where 8.when 9.why 10.where 11.when 12.where 13.why 14.when 15.where 16.when 17.why 18.where 19.when 20.where 二、单项选择答案 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.B 16.A 17.C 18.C 19.C 20.A 三、汉译 1.This is the small study where I can stay alone quietly. 2.I will never forget the day when I got my first private room. 3.Tell me the reason why you long for independent space. 4.We have reached a stage where everyone needs personal space. 5.The weekend when I tidied up my bedroom was very pleasant. 6.The corner where I put my desk is filled with green plants. 7.The reason why many students want single dorms is obvious. 8.There are always moments when I only want to stay in my own little space. 9.The apartment where we lived last year had no independent balcony. 10.The situation where people lack private space easily causes conflicts. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $