Unit 6 The Admirable-2026-2027学年高中英语语法专项精讲精练必修二（北师大版）

Unit 6 The Admirable 语法专项精讲精练 音 语法概览 女同步语法一：非限制性定语从句与定语从句的辨析运用 ★同步语法二：虚拟语气 语法精讲精练一 (一)基本定义 定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句，分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两大类。两者的 核心区别在于对先行词的限制程度、标点使用、引导词选择及翻译方式。高考中常要求考生根 据语境判断从句类型并选用正确的关系词。 (二) 核心用法对比（★高考必考点） 对 比 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 项 目 义 限定先行词，使其区别于同类；去掉后句意模糊 补充说明先行词，去掉后句意仍完整。 作 或错误。 用 标 无逗号 从句前有逗号，有时在从句后也有逗号 点 关 不可用that,只能用 可用that,也可用 系 which/who/whom/whose/where/when 词 which/who/whom/whose/where/when/why (why极少用) 关 系 词 关系词作宾语时可省略 关系词不能省略 省 略 先 行 词 可以是单个词、词组或整个主句（用 通常是单个名词或代词 which或as指代) 范 围 翻 译 译为“…的”，常前置 译为并列句或补充说明，常拆译 方 式 (三)核心用法详解 1.关系词的选择（非限制性定语从句的特殊要求） 不能用that:非限制性定语从句中，无论先行词是人还是物，关系词都不能用that,必 s须用which/who/whom/whose等。 正确：The book,which I bought yesterday,is very interesting. 错误：The book,that I bought yesterday,is very interesting, which指代整个主句：当先行词为整个主句时，只能用which或as引导非限制性定语 从句。which引导的从句常放在主句之后，as引导的从句可置于句首、句中或句末。 He passed the exam,which made his parents very happy.(which指代"他通过 了考试”这件事) As is known to all,the earth moves around the sun.(as指代"地球绕太阳转"这一 事实) “介词+关系代词”：在非限制性定语从句中，介词可以置于which/whom之前。 The teacher spoke highly of Tom,for whom he had great respect. 2.限制性Vs非限制性：语境辨析（★高考核心考点) 同一个先行词，使用不同定语从句会导致句意截然不同。例如： My brother who is a doctor lives in Beijing (限制性：我有多个兄弟，那个是医生的住在北京。暗示还有其他兄弟不是医生。) My brother,who is a doctor,lives in Beijing (非限制性：我只有一个兄弟，他是医生，住在北京。补充说明而已。) 3.关系副词when/where/why的用法 在限制性定语从句中，when/where/why可用，也可用"介词+which"替代。 在非限制性定语从句中，when/where常用，why基本不用(why只用于限制性定语从 句，且先行词常为reason)。 I will never forget the day when we first met.(限制性) The year 2020,when the pandemic broke out,was a tough time for all. 制性) (四)高考高频考点总结（附例句） 1.逗号+which指代前文整句话 g例句：The old man died in the war,which was a great loss to the village. 易错点：考生误用that或漏掉逗号导致句意改变。 2.a5引导的非限制性定语从句（常置于句首） g例句：As is reported in the newspaper,,the meeting has been cancelled. 常见固定结构：as is known to all,as is often the case,as we all know,asis shown in the picture等。 3.whose在非限制性定语从句中的使用 g例句：The building,whose roof was damaged in the storm,is now under repair. 注意：whose既可指人也可指物，相当于of which/of whom. 4.限制性定语从句中关系词省略的规则VS非限制性不能省略 例句I:The man(whom)you met yesterday is my uncle.(限制性，作宾语可省 略) 例句2：The man,whom you met yesterday,.is my uncle.(非限制性，不可省略) 5.先行词为不定代词（如something,everything.,al,much等）时，只能用that引 导限制性定语从句；若为非限制性，则只能用which 限制性：Everything that he said was true 非限制性：He said everything,which made me surprised.(注意：此时先行词为整 个主句，用which指代) 二、专项练习 （一)单项选择(10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.The novel, I read three times,left a deep impression on me. A.that B.which C.what D.where 2.My mother, you met at the party,is a famous writer. A.that B.whom C.which D.whose 3. is often the case,hard work leads to success. A.Which B.As C.That D.What 4.The reason he didn't attend the meeting was unclear. A.which B.that C.why D.for that 5.He came back late made his father very angry. A.that B.which C.when D.where 6.The school, we spent our childhood,has changed a lot. A.which B.that C.where D.in that 7.All the apples fell from the tree were eaten by the pigs. A.that B.which C.what D.as 8.The old man had three sons,all of became doctors A.them B.who C.whom D.that 9 everybody knows,the earth is round A.Which B.As C.That D.It 10.The teacher,with help I made great progress,is retiring next year. A.who B.whom C.whose D.which (二)用适当的关系词填空(8小题) 根据句意填写正确的关系词，注意区分限制性/非限制性定语从句。每空一词。 1.The movie, actors are all from China,won an international award 2.Is this the factory produces high-quality electronic products? 3.He told me a story,the ending of was quite unexpected. 4.The trees in the park,most of were planted ten years ago,provide shade in summer. 5.I still remember the days we spent together in the countryside 6.The manager,_ office is on the third floor,will meet you at 10 a.m. 7.We visited the museum, we saw many ancient artifacts. 8.This is the only one of the books was written in the 18th century. (三)篇章语法填空（12小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给词的正确形式（关系词或动词形式)，或根据上下文填 入适当的关系词。 Last year,my friend Tom went to a small town 1. (locate)in the mountains The town,2. population was only about 500,was famous for its ancient temples.Tom stayed in a hotel 3. was built in the 19th century.The hotel, windows faced the river,offered a wonderful view. One day,Tom climbed a hill 5.top was covered with wild flowers.The view from the top,6.took his breath away,made him forget all his worries.He took many photos,some of 7.were later published in a magazine.The magazine,8.readers are mostly adventure lovers,praised Tom's work. During his stay,Tom met an old artist 9.had lived in the town for over 40 years.The artist,10.paintings were very popular,invited Tom to his studio There Tom saw a painting 11. colors were so vivid that they seemed alive. The experience,12. he would never forget,changed his attitude toward life 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.B;2.B;3.B;4.C;5.B;6.C;7.A;8.C;9.B;10.C 选择 (二)用适 1.whose 2.that which 3.which 4.which 5.that which 6.whose 当的关系词 填空 7.where 8.that (三)篇章 1.located 2.whose 3.that which 4.whose 5.whose 6.which; 语法填空 7.which 8.whose 9.who that 10.whose 11.whose 12.which 语法精讲精练二 (一)基本定义 虚拟语气是英语中表达与事实相反、主观愿望、建议、要求、猜测或不可能实现的情况的 语气形式。它不表示客观事实，而是表示说话人的假设、愿望、命命或建议。高考中常出 现在语法填空、短文改错、写作及阅读理解中，是理解作者态度和逻辑关系的关键。 (二) 核心用法与结构 虚拟语气主要分为条件状语从句中的虚拟和名词性从句中的虚拟两大类。其核心变化体现 在动词的时态“后退一步”上（即主从句时态向过去方向推移）。 1.条件从句中的虚拟(f非真实条件句) 虚拟时间 从句谓语形式 主句谓语形式 例句 与现在 过去式(be用 would/should/could/might+ 事实相 If I were you,I would were) do accept the offer. 反 与过去 If he had taken the 事实相 would/should/could/might had done medicine,he would have done 反 have recovered. 与将来 事实相 过去式(be用 If it should rain would/should/could/might 反或可 were)should tomorrow,the match do 能性极 dowere to do would be cancelled. 小 ★考点提示：if条件句可省略if,将were/had/should提前形成倒装，如：HadI known earlier,I would have helped. 2.名词性从句中的虚拟(should+do,shouldi可省略) 此类虚拟用于表示建议、要求、命命、必要、惊奇、主观判断等意义的词语后，从句谓语 用(should)+do。 使用场 景 引导词/结构 例句 表建议/要求/命合的动词：suggest,advise, 宾语从 He suggested that we 句 recommend,order,demand,require, (should)set out early. insist,propose等 主语从 ltis+adj./p.p.+that..(形容词： It is necessary that he 句 necessary,important,strange,natural; (should)be sent to 去分词：ordered,suggested,required等) hospital. 表语从 句/同位 名词：suggestion,advice,order,demand, The suggestion that we (should)start at once is proposal,requirement 语从句 reasonable ★特别提醒： insist表“坚持要求"时用虚拟(should do);表“坚持认为"时用陈述语气。 suggest表“建议"时用虚拟；表“暗示、表明"时用陈述语气。 3.其他常见虚拟结构 结构 用法说明 例句 表示与事实相反的愿望，时态后退 I wish I were a bird./If only wish/if only 步 I had known the truth! 后接从句时，从句用过去式（与现在/ I would rather you didn't go would rather 将来相反)或过去完成式（与过去相 now. 反) 表示与事实相反，时态后退一步；若 He talks as if he knew as if/though 可能真实则用陈述语气 everything.(实际上不知道) without/but 隐含条件，相当于“如果没有”，主句 Without your help,I would for 用would have done have failed. It's (high)time 表示“该做..了”，从句用过去式 It's high time that we took that (be用were)或should do action. (三)核心含义区分：虚拟语气Vs陈述语气 陈述语气：客观描述事实，动词时态按实际时间变化。 例：If it rains tomorrow,we will stay at home..(很可能会下雨) 虚拟语气：与事实相反或主观意愿，时态“后退”。 例：If it rained tomorrow,we would stay at home.(明天下雨可能性很小) (四)易错点对比 对比项 虚拟语气 陈述语气或非虚拟 if从句中的were 无论主语人称，一律用were 过去式：Iwas,he was insist)后从句 坚持要求：should do 坚持认为：陈述时态 suggest/后从句 建议：should do 暗示：陈述时态 lt's time.后的从句 过去式/should do 主从句时态混合 主句与从句时间可以不同（混合虚拟） (五)高考高频考点总结（附例句） 1f从句与主句时态对应（三大时间) 例：If I had left earlier,I would have caught the train.(过去相反) 2.省略f的倒装句 Had it not been for his help,I wouldn't have succeeded. 3.名词性从句中省略should The doctor ordered that the patient(should)stay in bed. 4.wish与if only的时态选择 例：I wish I could fly now.(与现在相反，用过去式) 例：If only I hadn't said that!(与过去相反，用had done) 5.含蓄条件句(without,but for,.otherwise,or) I was busy yesterday;otherwise I would have attended the party. 6.特殊一：t's(high)time+过去式 例：lt's time we started our meeting 7特殊二：asif的时态 例：She looks as if she were(或had been)ill.(与现在/过去相反) 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择（10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.f you,I would take the job offer without hesitation. A.am B.were C.be D.had been 2.It is strange that he such a mistake in the exam. A.made B.should make C.has made D.makes 3.l wish I more time to prepare for the speech yesterday. A.had B.hadhad C.have D.would have 4.The teacher suggested that every student a dictionary to class. A.brings B.brought C.bring D.would bring 5.Without the map,we our way in the forest. A.lost B.would lose C.would have D.had lost lost 6. it rain tomorrow,the sports meet would be put off. A.Should B.Would C.Had D.If 7.I would rather you me the truth last week. A.tell B.told C.had told D.were telling 8.It's high time that we measures to protect the environment. A.take B.took C.have taken D.will take 9.He talks as if he everything about the accident,but actually he knows nothing. A.knows B.knew C.had known D.would know 10.The doctor's advice was that the patient an operation. A.has B.have C.had D.would have (二)用所给词的适当形式填空(8小题) 根据句子语境，用括号内动词的适当形式填空（注意虚拟语气的时态要求）。 1.f1 (be)a bird,I would fly to you. 2.It is required that all passengers (fasten)their seat belts 3.I wish I(not waste)so much time playing games last month 4.But for the storm,we (arrive)on time yesterday. 5.She insisted that the child (send)to hospital immediately 6.It's about time you (start)to prepare for the college entrance exam. 7.If only I (follow)your advice then! 8.He orders that the work (finish)before Friday. (三)篇章语法填空（12小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给动词的正确形式（注意虚拟语气及主从句时 态)。 Last month,I had a terrible dream.In the dream,I 1. (be)a soldier in a war.If I 2. (have)a gun,I could fight back.But I was unarmed.I wished I 3.(stay)at home instead. The dream felt so real that I acted as if I 4. (be)truly in danger.I shouted for help,but no one came.Without the rescue team,I 5. (die) for sure.Suddenly,I heard a voice saying,"It's time you 6.(wake) up!" I woke up sweating.My mother insisted that I 7 (take)a hot bath to relax.She suggested that I 8.(not watch)horror movies before bed.If only I 9. (listen)to her earlier!I promised that I would rather I 10. (not,have)that terrible experience Now,looking back,I realize that in real life,we often face choices.If we 11. (make)better decisions,we might avoid many regrets.The dream was a warning that it is necessary that we 12. (value)the peaceful life we have. 三、参考答案 (-)单项 1.B;2.B;3.B;4.C;5.C;6.A;7.C;8.B;9.B;10.B 选择 (二)用所 1.were 2.fasten 3.had not wasted 4.would have arrived 5 给词的适当 (should)be sent 6.started 7.had followed 8.(should)be 形式填空 finished (三)篇章 1.was 2.had 3.had stayed 4.were 5.would have died 6. woke 7.(should)take 8.(should)not watch 9.had listened 语法填空 10.had not had 11.had made 12.(should)value