Unit 1 Staying healthy 定语从句（核心语法精练）英语新教材冀教版九年级上册

Unit 1 Staying healthy 核心语法精练 （定语从句） 目录 一、知识回顾 1 二、考点夯基 3 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 3 二、单项选择 4 三、完成句子 5 四、句型转换 6 三、综合提升 7 一、语法选择 7 二、语法填空 10 定语从句 1. 概念：在复合句中，用来修饰、限定前面名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句，相当于汉语里“……的”的含义。 2. 核心术语：先行词：被定语从句修饰的前面的名词/代词 关系代词：连接先行词和定语从句的纽带（九年级必考：that / which / who / whom / whose） 3. 基本结构：先行词 + 关系代词 + 定语从句（完整句子） 4. 例句理解：The girl who is reading books is my sister. 翻译：（正在读书的）那个女孩是我的姐姐。 解析：先行词为the girl，划线部分为定语从句，修饰限定女孩。 一．关系代词 关系代词 先行词 在从句中所作成分 能否省略 例句 who 人 主语 ❌ 不能省略 The girl who stands there is my classmate.站在那里的女孩是我的同学。 whom 人 宾语 ✅ 可以省略 The boy (whom) you met is Tom.你遇见的那个男孩是汤姆。 which 物 主语 ❌ 不能省略 The book which is on the desk is mine.桌上的那本书是我的。 which 物 宾语 ✅ 可以省略 This is the pen (which) I bought yesterday.这就是我昨天买的钢笔。 that 人 / 物 主语 ❌ 不能省略 I like music that is quiet.我喜欢安静的音乐。 that 人 / 物 宾语 ✅ 可以省略 The teacher (that) we talked about is Miss Li.我们谈论的老师是李老师。 whose 人 / 物 定语（…… 的） ❌ 不能省略 The kid whose mother is a doctor likes drawing.妈妈是医生的那个孩子喜欢画画。 二、that 与 which 用法区别 只用 that，不用 which 的情况 例句 1. 先行词同时包含人 + 物 They talked about the teachers and schools that they visited.他们谈起拜访过的老师和学校。 2. 先行词为不定代词：all, everything, nothing, something, anything 等 Tell me everything that you know.把你知道的一切告诉我。 3. 先行词有序数词、最高级修饰 This is the most interesting story that I’ve ever read.这是我读过最有趣的故事。 4. 先行词被 the only, the very, the last 修饰 He is the only person that understands me.他是唯一懂我的人。 简单口诀：人加物、不定代，最高序数唯一限，只用 that 不用 which 三、定语从句基础结构 + 判断技巧 项目 内容 基础句型 先行词 + 关系代词 + 定语从句名词 / 代词 + who/which/that…（修饰前面名词） 做题第一步 找到先行词（被修饰的名词） 做题第二步 判断先行词是人还是物 做题第三步 判断关系代词在从句充当主语还是宾语 核心原则 从句缺少主语 / 宾语，才需要关系代词；关系代词作宾语时可以省略！ 四、易错点汇总 常见错误 正确写法 解析 I know the girl which is singing. I know the girl who/that is singing. 先行词是人，不用 which This is the book who I want. This is the book that/which I want. 先行词是物，不用 who Do you know the man whom is standing there? Do you know the man who/that is standing there? 从句缺主语，不能用 whom（whom 只能作宾语） All what you said is right. All that you said is right. what 不能引导定语从句！ 五、解题步骤 1.圈出空格前后名词 → 先行词 2先行词是人：优先 who/that；是物：优先 which/that 3观察定语从句：缺主语→不可省；缺宾语→可省略关系词 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．The singer ________ (who) voice sounds soft is my favorite star. 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：那位嗓音柔和的歌手是我最喜欢的明星。空处填入关系词引导定语从句，先行词The singer与从句主语voice之间是所属关系，表示“歌手的嗓音”，指代人且表所属的关系词用whose。whose是who的所有格形式。故填whose。 2．It affects the things we use, our health, and even the environment we ________ (live) in. 【答案】live 【详解】句意：它影响着我们使用的物品、我们的健康，甚至我们所生活的环境。此处描述的是客观事实，主句整体为一般现在时，从句主语是“we”，因此定语从句中谓语动词用原形live。 3．I prefer music that ________ (have) beautiful lyrics. 【答案】has 【详解】句意：我更喜欢有美妙的歌词的音乐。句中“that…beautiful lyrics”为定语从句，修饰先行词music。music为不可数名词，从句谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。have的第三人称单数形式为has。 4．I prefer musicians who ________ (play) different kinds of music. 【答案】play 【详解】句意：我更喜欢演奏不同种类音乐的音乐人。主句谓语“prefer”提示本句为一般现在时，从句先行词musicians是复数名词，关系代词who指代musicians，从句谓语动词用原形play。 5．—I know a boy ________(who) name is David. — Really? I have a close friend that has the same name to him. 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：——我认识一个叫David的男孩。——真的吗？我有一个和他同名的好朋友。根据空后的“name”可知，空缺处用who的所有格whose，故填whose。 二、单项选择。 1．I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ________ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. A．which B．of which C．that D．whose 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我出生在路易斯安那州的新奥尔良，一个它的名字会在我们脑海中描绘出美丽树木和绿草景象的城市。 which指物；of which表示所属关系，后接the+名词；that指人或物；whose表示人或物的所属。先行词为a city，从句中name前缺少定语，表示“城市的名字”，构成所属关系，应用whose引导。 2．The small phone ________ belongs to the young woman can work only by voice. A．that B．who C．what D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：属于那位年轻女士的那部小手机只能靠语音工作。 that那；who谁；what什么；when什么时候。先行词“The small phone”指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用that或which引导。应填that。 3．—Music is a piece of art ________ goes ________ the ears straight ________ the heart. —Exactly. That’s why we feel relaxed while enjoying it. A．that; in; to B．which; to; in C．who; in; to D．that; on; in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——音乐是一门进入耳朵直达心灵的艺术。——没错。这就是为什么我们在享受它时感到放松。 that/which引导定语从句时，指物；who引导定语从句时，指人；in进……里；to朝着，到；on在……上面。第一空，引导定语从句，先行词是art，指物，定语从句缺少主语，关系代词应用that或which，排除C项who；第二空，表示音乐“进入”耳朵，介词用in；第三空，表示直“达”心灵，表方向用介词to。 4．—Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut? —You should try the barber’s ________ I go. It’s only 15. A．as B．which C．where D．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能相信我理一次发得花30美元吗？——你应该试试我去的那家理发店，只要15美元。 as如同；which哪一个；where在哪里；that那个。先行词the barber’s指地点，从句中go是不及物动词，句子结构完整，缺少地点状语，所以用where引导定语从句。 5．The Venus flytrap is a special plant ________ can catch and eat small insects with its special leaves. A．who B．what C．which D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：捕蝇草是一种特殊的植物，它能用特殊的叶子捕捉并吃掉小昆虫。 who谁（指人）；what什么；which哪个（指物）；where哪里（指地点）。根据“a special plant”可知先行词是物，且在从句中作主语，应填which。 三、完成句子。 1．他喜欢和那些欣赏他演奏的人在一起。 He is happy to be around people ________ enjoy his playing. 【答案】who/that 【详解】原句中含有定语从句，缺少关系代词，先行词people指人，在从句中作主语，用who/that引导。 2．与有时可能会生气的父母不同，人工智能可以帮助做作业并始终保持冷静。 _____________________, AI can help with homework and always stay calm. 【答案】Unlike parents who may get angry sometimes/Unlike parents that may get angry sometimes 【详解】原句中“与有时可能会生气的父母不同”是关键词。句首表“与……不同”，用介词Unlike最符合表达习惯；“有时可能会生气的”修饰“父母”，用定语从句：先行词parents“父母”指人，关系代词用who/that，“有时可能会生气”译为may get angry sometimes。 3．花生的果实埋在地里，不像苹果、桃子那样把果实挂在枝上。 The peanut plant hides its fruits in the earth, ________________. 【答案】unlike apple and peach trees which hang their fruits on branches 【详解】原句中“不像苹果、桃子那样把果实挂在枝上”是关键词。表示“不像”用介词unlike，引出对比对象，整个介词短语在句中作比较状语。“苹果、桃子”此处应表达为“苹果树和桃树”，即apple and peach trees，对应前文的“The peanut plant”，其中apple和peach这两个名词作定语修饰trees，所以用单数形式；后面应用定语从句修饰前面的apple and peach trees，先行词是物，所以关系代词用which，并且因为先行词是复数，从句谓语用动词原形，表示“把果实挂在枝上”的短语为hang their fruits on branches，此处用their与前半句中的its作对比。所以最终表达为unlike apple and peach trees which hang their fruits on branches。 4．该电视节目跟踪报道了一群在冰上有着强烈胜利精神的滑冰运动员的故事。 The TV show followed the story of a group of skaters on the ice ________________________. 【答案】who have a strong winning spirit/that have a strong winning spirit 【详解】原句中“有着强烈胜利精神的”是关键词，表示“有着……精神”的短语是“have a...spirit”；“强烈胜利精神”的短语是“a strong winning spirit”。follows提示本句为一般现在时，定语从句用“who/that”引导，在从句中作主语，谓语动词“have”用复数形式，与先行词“skaters”保持一致。 5．在这一页的底部，有一条注释解释了这道练习题的常规规则. _____________, there is a note _____________ 【答案】 At the bottom of the page that explains the normal rules for this exercise 【详解】描述事实，用一般现在时。第一空：原句中“在这一页的底部”是关键词，表示“在……底部”的介词短语是at the bottom of，page意为“页”。句首首字母需大写。第二空：原句中“解释了这道练习题的常规规则”是关键词，用that引导定语从句修饰先行词note，对应从句谓语“解释”用第三人称单数explains，“常规规则”用名词短语the normal rules作宾语。“这道练习题的”用介词短语for this exercise作定语。 四、句型转换。 1．A farmer is a person. He works hard to grow food for us. → A farmer is a person ________________. 【答案】who works hard to grow food for us/that works hard to grow food for us 【详解】句意：农民是一个人。他辛勤工作，为我们种植粮食。此处两个简单句可合并为一个定语从句，先行词为a person，指人，关系代词可用who/that，关系代词在从句中作主语，从句保留谓语部分works hard to grow food for us。 2．This is the film. The film won many prizes.（合并为定语从句） This is the film ________ won many prizes. 【答案】which/that 【详解】句意：这就是那部斩获众多奖项的电影。先行词是“the film”，指物。指物且在从句中作主语，关系代词应用which/that。 3．The little boy with a pair of glasses is my neighbour. (改为同义句) The little boy ________ ________ a pair of glasses is my neighbour. 【答案】 who has 【详解】句意：那个戴眼镜的小男孩是我的邻居。同义转换，with短语变定语从句，先行词“boy”指人，在从句中作主语，引导词可用who；结合原句，句子用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式has。 4．She is the teacher, and her son is in our class. (改为同义句) She is the teacher ________ son is in our class. 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：她是老师，她的儿子在我们班。将原句改为定语从句，先行词是the teacher，空格后是son is in our class。从句中的名词son与先行词the teacher之间存在所属关系，意为“这位老师的儿子”，表示所属关系时，需使用关系代词whose。 5．This is the wetland. It protects lots of birds.（用which合并定语从句） This is the wetland ________ ________ lots of birds. 【答案】 which protects 【详解】句意：这就是这片湿地。它庇护着许许多多的鸟类。先行词是“the wetland”，且题目明确要求用which引导定语从句，which在从句中作主语。关系代词which指代单数名词wetland，因此从句的谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，即protects。 一、语法选择 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （2024·山东济南·中考真题） I work in the cosmetic (化妆品) business, an industry focused on making people 1 attractive and younger. However, putting creams 2 your face is only part of the answer; it is important that we keep fit and healthy. For me, 3 keeps me looking and feeling good. It helps my whole body, not just my legs and lungs (肺). At the beginning, I 4 running as a sport because of long working hours and lots of nights away in hotels. What other sport can be 5 at any time of the day or night, in any town and with the least equipment? I had a lot of work 6 , many business lunches and drank too much. I guessed I was on the 7 list! To my surprise, after two months’ running, I began to eat in a 8 way, sleep better, feel more relaxed, and more able to 9 everyday stresses. Running gave me a means to control my own life and a sense of well-being. When I started I didn’t think about 10 , I just enjoyed running. After one or two miles I would stop and walk. I tried to 11 this about four times a week. It took several months to run six miles. Although I wasn’t 12 , I was quick to appreciate the changes in both mind and body; as I got stronger, I ran 13 . Now I’ve been running for more than three years and have entered several half-marathons. I’ve decided. I run to enjoy living 14 maybe I live to enjoy running. 15 the case is, I expect I’ll still be on the roads when I’m sixty! 1．A．sound B．smell C．look D．taste 2．A．in B．on C．to D．off 3．A．running B．walking C．skating D．boating 4．A．regarded B．chose C．acted D．described 5．A．practiced B．shared C．avoided D．organized 6．A．interests B．abilities C．pressures D．questions 7．A．guest B．staff C．wish D．danger 8．A．free B．proper C．direct D．terrible 9．A．talk about B．deal with C．put away D．care for 10．A．speed B．health C．safety D．victory 11．A．support B．discuss C．repeat D．cancel 12．A．on my own B．in trouble C．on business D．in a hurry 13．A．more slowly B．earlier C．more carefully D．faster 14．A．but B．so C．or D．for 15．A．Whatever B．Whoever C．However D．Whenever 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．D 13．D 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者通过跑步改变生活，享受生活。 1．句意：我从事化妆品行业工作，这是一个专注于让人们看起来更有吸引力和更年轻的行业。 sound听起来；smell闻起来；look看起来；taste尝起来。根据“ attractive and younger.”可知是让人们看起来有吸引力。故选C。 2．句意：然而，在脸上涂抹面霜只是答案的一部分。 in在里面；on在上面；to向；off离开。根据“put creams...your face”可知是把面霜放在脸上。故选B。 3．句意：对我来说，跑步让我看起来和感觉都很好。 running跑步；walking步行；skating滑冰；boating划船。根据“running as a sport”可知是跑步让自己看起来，而且感觉更好。故选A。 4．句意：起初，因为长时间工作和在酒店过夜，我选择跑步作为运动。 regarded视为；chose选择；acted行动；described描述。根据“running as a sport”可知选择跑步当作运动。故选B。 5．句意：还有什么运动可以在一天中的任何时间或夜晚，在任何城镇进行，并且需要最少的设备？ practiced练习；shared分享；avoided避免；organized组织。根据“What other sport can be ”可知是还有什么其他运动可以随时随地练习。故选A。 6．句意：我有很多工作压力，参加了许多商务午餐，喝得太多。 interests兴趣；abilities能力；pressures压力；questions问题。根据“everyday stresses”可知是有很多工作压力。故选C。 7．句意：我猜我在危险名单上！ guest客人；staff员工；wish愿望；danger危险。根据“I had a lot of work...many business lunches and drank too much”可知压力很大，生活习惯不好，所以是在危险名单上。故选D。 8．句意：令我惊讶的是，跑步两个月后，我开始以更合理的方式饮食，睡得更好，感觉更放松，更能应对日常压力。 free自由的；proper适当的；direct直接的；terrible可怕的。根据“way, sleep better, feel more relaxed”可知睡得更好，感到更放松，饮食很合理。故选B。 9．句意：令我惊讶的是，跑步两个月后，我开始以更合理的方式饮食，睡得更好，感觉更放松，更能应对日常压力。 talk about谈论；deal with处理；put away收起来；care for关心。根据“everyday stresses”可知是应对日常压力。故选B。 10．句意：开始时，我并没有考虑速度，我只是享受跑步。 speed速度；health健康；safety安全；victory胜利。根据“I just enjoyed running. After one or two miles I would stop and walk”可知只享受跑步，不在意跑步速度。故选A。 11．句意：我尝试每周大约四次这样做。 support支持；discuss讨论；repeat重复；cancel取消。根据“this about four times a week”可知是一周重复四次。故选C。 12．句意：虽然我并不急于求成，但我很快就意识到了身心的变化。 on my own独立地；in trouble处于困境；on business出差；in a hurry匆忙。根据“I was quick to appreciate the changes in both mind and body”可知虽然不急，但是很快就意识到了身心的变化。故选D。 13．句意：随着我变得更强壮，我跑得更快。 more slowly更慢地；earlier更早地；more carefully更小心地；faster更快地。根据“as I got stronger”可知变得强壮，跑得更快。故选D。 14．句意：我跑步是为了享受生活，或许我活着就是为了享受跑步。 but但是；so所以；or或者；for为了。根据“I run to enjoy living...maybe I live to enjoy running”可知是表示选择关系，用or连接。故选C。 15．句意：无论哪种情况，我想当我六十岁时，我仍然会在路上跑步！ Whatever无论什么；Whoever无论谁；However无论如何；Whenever无论何时。根据“the case is”可知是无论是什么情况，故选A。 二、语法填空 根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。 （2024·四川·中考真题） Do you like junk food? Do you hate eating vegetables, such as 1 (carrot) and potatoes? Do you often sit in front of the desk without 2 (move) for hours? Do you 3 (easy) get angry or stressed out? Try to say goodbye 4 these bad habits on April 7th, the World Health Day. In 1948, WHO (世界卫生组织) 5 (decide) April 7th to be the World Health Day. It hopes to get 6 (many) people to pay attention to their health. Each year WHO chooses a 7 (difference) theme (主题). This year, it is about high blood pressure. It may seem far from you, but one in three 8 (adult) even some teenagers have high blood pressure according to WHO. The main causes include stress and too much salt. And too little exercise 9 (be) also one of the main reasons. So to become 10 healthy person, stop those unhealthy habits from now on! Let’s eat better and exercise more! With health, we will have a happy and comfortable life! 【答案】 1．carrots 2．moving 3．easily 4．to 5．decided 6．more 7．different 8．adults 9．is 10．a 【导语】本文主要是鼓励人们在世界卫生日关注健康，摒弃不良生活习惯，并通过改善饮食和增加运动来预防高血压等健康问题。 【详解】1．句意：你讨厌吃胡萝卜和土豆等蔬菜吗？根据“and potatoes”可知，此处用名词复数carrots“胡萝卜”。故填carrots。 2．句意：你经常坐在办公桌前几个小时不动吗？介词without后加动名词moving“移动”。故填moving。 3．句意：你容易生气或感到压力大吗？此处修饰动词用副词easily “容易地”。故填easily。 4．句意：试着在4月7日世界卫生日告别这些坏习惯吧。say goodbye to... “和……说再见”。故填to。 5．句意：在1948年，世界卫生组织决定将4月7日定为世界卫生日。根据“In 1948”可知，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式decided “决定”。故填decided。 6．句意：它希望能让更多的人关注自己的健康。根据“get...people to pay attention to their health.”可知，是让更多的人关注自己的健康，用比较级more。故填more。 7．句意：每年世界卫生组织都会选择一个不同的主题。修饰名词theme用形容词different“不同的”。故填different。 8．句意：但根据世界卫生组织的数据，每三个成年人中就有一个甚至一些青少年患有高血压。three后加名词复数adults “成年人”。故填adults。 9．句意：运动量太少也是主要原因之一。句子用一般现在时，主语是too little exercise，be动词用is。故填is。 10．句意：因此，为了成为一个健康的人，从现在开始就停止那些不健康的习惯吧！此处泛指 “一个健康的人”，healthy以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Staying healthy 核心语法精练 （定语从句） 参考答案 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．whose 2．live 3．has 4．play 5．whose 二、单项选择。 1．D 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．C 三、完成句子。 1．who/that 2．Unlike parents who may get angry sometimes/Unlike parents that may get angry sometimes 3．unlike apple and peach trees which hang their fruits on branches 4．who have a strong winning spirit/that have a strong winning spirit 5． At the bottom of the page that explains the normal rules for this exercise 四、句型转换。 1．who works hard to grow food for us/that works hard to grow food for us 2．which/that 3．who has 4．whose 5．which protects 一、语法选择 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．D 13．D 14．C 15．A 二、语法填空 1．carrots 2．moving 3．easily 4．to 5．decided 6．more 7．different 8．adults 9．is 10．a 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Staying healthy 核心语法精练 （定语从句） 目录 一、知识回顾 1 二、考点夯基 3 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 3 二、单项选择 3 三、完成句子 4 四、句型转换 4 三、综合提升 5 一、语法选择 5 二、语法填空 6 定语从句 1. 概念：在复合句中，用来修饰、限定前面名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句，相当于汉语里“……的”的含义。 2. 核心术语：先行词：被定语从句修饰的前面的名词/代词 关系代词：连接先行词和定语从句的纽带（九年级必考：that / which / who / whom / whose） 3. 基本结构：先行词 + 关系代词 + 定语从句（完整句子） 4. 例句理解：The girl who is reading books is my sister. 翻译：（正在读书的）那个女孩是我的姐姐。 解析：先行词为the girl，划线部分为定语从句，修饰限定女孩。 一．关系代词 关系代词 先行词 在从句中所作成分 能否省略 例句 who 人 主语 ❌ 不能省略 The girl who stands there is my classmate.站在那里的女孩是我的同学。 whom 人 宾语 ✅ 可以省略 The boy (whom) you met is Tom.你遇见的那个男孩是汤姆。 which 物 主语 ❌ 不能省略 The book which is on the desk is mine.桌上的那本书是我的。 which 物 宾语 ✅ 可以省略 This is the pen (which) I bought yesterday.这就是我昨天买的钢笔。 that 人 / 物 主语 ❌ 不能省略 I like music that is quiet.我喜欢安静的音乐。 that 人 / 物 宾语 ✅ 可以省略 The teacher (that) we talked about is Miss Li.我们谈论的老师是李老师。 whose 人 / 物 定语（…… 的） ❌ 不能省略 The kid whose mother is a doctor likes drawing.妈妈是医生的那个孩子喜欢画画。 二、that 与 which 用法区别 只用 that，不用 which 的情况 例句 1. 先行词同时包含人 + 物 They talked about the teachers and schools that they visited.他们谈起拜访过的老师和学校。 2. 先行词为不定代词：all, everything, nothing, something, anything 等 Tell me everything that you know.把你知道的一切告诉我。 3. 先行词有序数词、最高级修饰 This is the most interesting story that I’ve ever read.这是我读过最有趣的故事。 4. 先行词被 the only, the very, the last 修饰 He is the only person that understands me.他是唯一懂我的人。 简单口诀：人加物、不定代，最高序数唯一限，只用 that 不用 which 三、定语从句基础结构 + 判断技巧 项目 内容 基础句型 先行词 + 关系代词 + 定语从句名词 / 代词 + who/which/that…（修饰前面名词） 做题第一步 找到先行词（被修饰的名词） 做题第二步 判断先行词是人还是物 做题第三步 判断关系代词在从句充当主语还是宾语 核心原则 从句缺少主语 / 宾语，才需要关系代词；关系代词作宾语时可以省略！ 四、易错点汇总 常见错误 正确写法 解析 I know the girl which is singing. I know the girl who/that is singing. 先行词是人，不用 which This is the book who I want. This is the book that/which I want. 先行词是物，不用 who Do you know the man whom is standing there? Do you know the man who/that is standing there? 从句缺主语，不能用 whom（whom 只能作宾语） All what you said is right. All that you said is right. what 不能引导定语从句！ 五、解题步骤 1.圈出空格前后名词 → 先行词 2先行词是人：优先 who/that；是物：优先 which/that 3观察定语从句：缺主语→不可省；缺宾语→可省略关系词 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．The singer ________ (who) voice sounds soft is my favorite star. 2．It affects the things we use, our health, and even the environment we ________ (live) in. 3．I prefer music that ________ (have) beautiful lyrics. 4．I prefer musicians who ________ (play) different kinds of music. 5．—I know a boy ________(who) name is David. — Really? I have a close friend that has the same name to him. 二、单项选择。 1．I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ________ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. A．which B．of which C．that D．whose 2．The small phone ________ belongs to the young woman can work only by voice. A．that B．who C．what D．when 3．—Music is a piece of art ________ goes ________ the ears straight ________ the heart. —Exactly. That’s why we feel relaxed while enjoying it. A．that; in; to B．which; to; in C．who; in; to D．that; on; in 4．—Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut? —You should try the barber’s ________ I go. It’s only 15. A．as B．which C．where D．that 5．The Venus flytrap is a special plant ________ can catch and eat small insects with its special leaves. A．who B．what C．which D．where 三、完成句子。 1．他喜欢和那些欣赏他演奏的人在一起。 He is happy to be around people ________ enjoy his playing. 2．与有时可能会生气的父母不同，人工智能可以帮助做作业并始终保持冷静。 _____________________, AI can help with homework and always stay calm. 3．花生的果实埋在地里，不像苹果、桃子那样把果实挂在枝上。 The peanut plant hides its fruits in the earth, ________________. 4．该电视节目跟踪报道了一群在冰上有着强烈胜利精神的滑冰运动员的故事。 The TV show followed the story of a group of skaters on the ice ________________________. 5．在这一页的底部，有一条注释解释了这道练习题的常规规则. _____________, there is a note _____________ 四、句型转换。 1．A farmer is a person. He works hard to grow food for us. → A farmer is a person ________________. 2．This is the film. The film won many prizes.（合并为定语从句） This is the film ________ won many prizes. 3．The little boy with a pair of glasses is my neighbour. (改为同义句) The little boy ________ ________ a pair of glasses is my neighbour. 4．She is the teacher, and her son is in our class. (改为同义句) She is the teacher ________ son is in our class. 5．This is the wetland. It protects lots of birds.（用which合并定语从句） This is the wetland ________ ________ lots of birds. 一、语法选择 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （2024·山东济南·中考真题） I work in the cosmetic (化妆品) business, an industry focused on making people 1 attractive and younger. However, putting creams 2 your face is only part of the answer; it is important that we keep fit and healthy. For me, 3 keeps me looking and feeling good. It helps my whole body, not just my legs and lungs (肺). At the beginning, I 4 running as a sport because of long working hours and lots of nights away in hotels. What other sport can be 5 at any time of the day or night, in any town and with the least equipment? I had a lot of work 6 , many business lunches and drank too much. I guessed I was on the 7 list! To my surprise, after two months’ running, I began to eat in a 8 way, sleep better, feel more relaxed, and more able to 9 everyday stresses. Running gave me a means to control my own life and a sense of well-being. When I started I didn’t think about 10 , I just enjoyed running. After one or two miles I would stop and walk. I tried to 11 this about four times a week. It took several months to run six miles. Although I wasn’t 12 , I was quick to appreciate the changes in both mind and body; as I got stronger, I ran 13 . Now I’ve been running for more than three years and have entered several half-marathons. I’ve decided. I run to enjoy living 14 maybe I live to enjoy running. 15 the case is, I expect I’ll still be on the roads when I’m sixty! 1．A．sound B．smell C．look D．taste 2．A．in B．on C．to D．off 3．A．running B．walking C．skating D．boating 4．A．regarded B．chose C．acted D．described 5．A．practiced B．shared C．avoided D．organized 6．A．interests B．abilities C．pressures D．questions 7．A．guest B．staff C．wish D．danger 8．A．free B．proper C．direct D．terrible 9．A．talk about B．deal with C．put away D．care for 10．A．speed B．health C．safety D．victory 11．A．support B．discuss C．repeat D．cancel 12．A．on my own B．in trouble C．on business D．in a hurry 13．A．more slowly B．earlier C．more carefully D．faster 14．A．but B．so C．or D．for 15．A．Whatever B．Whoever C．However D．Whenever 二、语法填空 根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。 （2024·四川·中考真题） Do you like junk food? Do you hate eating vegetables, such as 1 (carrot) and potatoes? Do you often sit in front of the desk without 2 (move) for hours? Do you 3 (easy) get angry or stressed out? Try to say goodbye 4 these bad habits on April 7th, the World Health Day. In 1948, WHO (世界卫生组织) 5 (decide) April 7th to be the World Health Day. It hopes to get 6 (many) people to pay attention to their health. Each year WHO chooses a 7 (difference) theme (主题). This year, it is about high blood pressure. It may seem far from you, but one in three 8 (adult) even some teenagers have high blood pressure according to WHO. The main causes include stress and too much salt. And too little exercise 9 (be) also one of the main reasons. So to become 10 healthy person, stop those unhealthy habits from now on! Let’s eat better and exercise more! With health, we will have a happy and comfortable life! 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $