Unit 1 Reading and Thinking & Reading for Writing（阅读课分层作业）英语人教版必修第一册

**基本信息** 本同步练习通过A/B/C三层设计，实现从基础词汇语法到语篇逻辑思维的渐进式巩固，适配新授课分层教学需求，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|核心词汇、基础语法（如单句语法填空、短语填空）|聚焦单一知识点，通过完成句子强化基础表达，夯实语言能力| |B组能力进阶|语篇语法应用、信息获取（如语法填空、阅读理解）|结合话题语篇（校园生活、书信等），训练上下文理解与综合应用，培养学习能力| |C组思维拔高|逻辑推理、深层理解（如七选五、完形填空）|通过议论文、夹叙夹议文本，考查篇章结构与上下文衔接，提升思维品质|

分层作业 Unit 1 Period 1 Reading and Thinking & Reading for Writing 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 1、 单句语法填空 1．The government attaches great significance to (improve) the education system in rural areas, believing that it is the key to reducing poverty. 2．Most people on this island are recreational (消遣的) fishers, and (obvious), fishing forms an actual part of their leisure time. 3．A strong sense of (responsible) helps students grow into reliable young people. 4．We were first greeted with the barking by a pack of dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters who had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. 5．The mission, (schedule) for launch around 2028, aims to bring Martian samples back to Earth by around 2031. 6．Sliding into the habit of smoking is easy but it is difficult (quit) it. 7．Around three in five people in the UK will find necessary to care for an elderly or a disabled loved one at some point. 8．We Chinese have made great (achieve) in all scientific fields. 9．Taking drugs only once can make you an (addict), so keep away from it. 10． (focus) on his business, he never has a holiday. 2、 短语填空 freshman challenge; confusing schedule; sign up for; focus on; break the ice 1.Many students face the ____________ when they enter senior high school for the first time. 2.You’d better not ____________ too many after-school clubs, or you will lack spare time. 3.It is difficult for new students to understand the ____________ at the beginning of the term. 4.If you want to make progress in study, you need to ____________ your lessons in class. 5.Sharing small stories is a good way to ____________ when you meet new classmates. 3、 完成句子 1. I will have my own family, probably with a lovely child, ________. 我会有自己的家庭，可能会有一个可爱的孩子，我要对他负责。 2. Isn’t he too young for such ________? 他担任如此重大的工作不是太年轻了吗？ 3. She________________ Oxford University. 她毕业于牛津大学法律系。 4. Our government ________________ human and financial resources ________________ the improvement of life. 我国政府将人力和财力集中用于生活改善。 5. Did you___________________ at the party today? 你今天在聚会上守规矩了吗？ 一、语法填空 （一） After a long summer holiday, my new life at senior high school 1 (begin) at last. I was a little 2 (anxiety) in the morning, 3 (worry) that I would not make new friends. I was not outgoing after all. However, things turned 4 just fine. Both my teachers and classmates made a good 5 (impress) on me. They were friendly and helpful. In fact, one of my classmates was so talkative 6 he kept talking to me over the experiment! Maybe he was just trying to impress me, but I felt 7 (annoy) because I couldn't concentrate. I was too frightened 8 (tell) him to leave me alone. It would be awkward if I did. The classes were much more difficult than 9 at junior high school. There is a lot for me 10 (explore). I hope I can fit in soon. （二） Dear Ben, I have known what happened to you from your letter. Your best friend told everyone else your complaints about your teammate’s bad 11 (perform), which made you 12 (embarrass) and ashamed. You are totally in 13 mess now. Here is 14 you should do. Firstly, apologize to your teammate. You need to work together 15 (win) more basketball games, which means clear communication and conflicts resolution. So tell him 16 (direct) and honestly that you were talking without thinking. Secondly, talk to your friend. Tell him you’re angry with him for 17 (repeat) what you said, but that you value your friendship and want to move on. Dealt with in this way, your friendship will 18 (repair) soon. Thirdly, and most importantly, think about your own behaviour. Don’t say too much when you are angry. Filled 19 anger, you may say whatever comes to your mind. You can raise your concerns with your coach if a member is not pulling 20 (he) weight. Always remember: think first,speak later. Agony Aunt 二、阅读理解 （A） Dear Mr. Barone, I am writing on behalf of the seventh-grade class. The traditional seventh-grade spring field trip is to the State History Museum. This year, however, the seventh grade would like to request a change. The class is interested in going to the new World Botanical (植物的) Gardens. Although this would mean a two-hour bus ride, the benefits of the new field trip would make the extra time worthwhile. The garden hours are from 10:00 A．M. to 6:00 P.M. The class could leave school at 8:00 A．M. and arrive just as the gardens open. We would have time to explore the gardens, make notes about our favorite exhibits, eat lunch, and return to school by 4:00 P.M. Many seventh-grade students have already visited the history museum. Since the museum is so close, students often go there with their families, or with other groups. We have enjoyed the many interesting exhibits, but this year we are hoping to learn something new. The purpose of the new field trip destination is to help students understand the different environments of our planet. The World Botanical Gardens contains the second-largest walk-through Amazon rainforest exhibit in the country. Some of the other popular exhibits are the Giant Flowers, the Arid Deserts, and the Palm Trees Around the World. Since seventh-grade students study plants and plant energy in science class, visiting the botanical gardens would be an appropriate and educational field trip. The information we could learn there would be an excellent way to add to our science studies. We would observe plants growing in special displays that are similar to their natural habitats. Please consider this request for the seventh-grade field trip to World Botanical Gardens. Any increase in the traditional field trip expenses, such as the longer bus ride, could be made up for by fundraisers such as bake sales and car washes. If I can provide additional information, please let me know. Thank you very much. Sincerely, Robert Burns 1．Why does the writer use the phrase “the seventh grade” instead of “I”? A．To draw attention to the details of the field trip. B．To show the students are united about the field trip. C．To encourage other students to write about the field trip. D．To tell that the teachers also support the field trip. 2．Which aspect of the new field trip is mentioned? A．The organizer. B．The expense. C．The number of students. D．The length of time. 3．Why does the writer recommend the World Botanical Gardens? A．It is more familiar to the students. B．It exposes students to garden art. C．It enriches students’ class learning. D．It shows plants in natural habitats. 4．Which word best describes the author’s tone in the passage? A．Critical. B．Formal. C．Humorous. D．Negative. （B） Teenagers can’t afford to buy expensive gifts. So what do you do if you want to give gifts to the important people in your life? In fact, you don’t have to spend much money on holiday gifts. There are many cheap ways to do that. Here are some do-it-yourself gift ideas to try: To your mother and dad: You can clean the room, sing a song or write a letter to your mom and dad. You could also draw a picture if you like that. To your teacher: Sometimes students put their pocket money together and buy a teacher a holiday gift. Some kids would like to give their own gifts. You can send a nice card with the words of thanks inside. You might even write down the favorite thing you’ve learned in the teacher’s class this year. It will make the teacher feel happy. To the kids who need a friend: The holidays are a good time to think about people who are lonely. Maybe there is someone in your class who doesn’t seem to have any friends. Try to do something for this person. It could be giving a Christmas card or just chatting with him or her. It’s a small thing, but it could mean a lot to him or her. 5．According to the passage, teenagers don’t have to ______ their parents as a gift. A．sing a song to B．draw a picture to C．write a letter to D．buy an expensive gift for 6．Which of the following is not true? A．You should spend much money buying gifts for your teacher. B．Chatting with a classmate who has few friends is also a good holiday gift. C．A small gift during holidays may mean a lot to someone who feels lonely. D．Sometimes students put their pocket money together to buy a teacher a gift. 7．You might see this passage in a（n）______. A．Notice B．science book C．school newspaper D．advertisement 8．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Making Friends by Giving Gifts B．Making Holiday Gifts by Yourself C．How to Save Money During Holidays D．How to Choose Gifts for Different People （C） Many travelers face a common problem: jet lag. It is the feeling of tiredness people get when traveling a long distance, resulting in a difference in daylight hours. People who travel long distances often want to prevent jet lag. Professor Malcolm von Schantz says one way, but it has a high cost. Paying a lot for a bigger seat and more space in an airplane can prevent sleep deprivation (剥夺). He knows most people cannot pay so much to travel. But he says timing your flights can help. For example, he suggests flying from Europe to North America during the day, so that it is evening when passengers land and they can get to sleep. Von Schantz also said flying in newer passenger jets, like the Airbus A350 or Boeing 787 Dreamliner, might help. Those planes can keep a more comfortable atmosphere inside, causing less tiredness. Experts say being in sunlight is important to resetting your internal (内部的) body clock. That could mean either avoiding morning sun or seeking it out, depending on where you started. Getting light in the morning will move your body clock forward, while getting light in the early evening will delay it. Sleeping for a short time during the day is acceptable, but scientists warn against sleeping for longer periods later in the day. Doing so might make it harder to sleep through the night. They suggest business travelers should consider arriving a day or two ahead of any important meetings or events. Being jet-lagged can lead to unwise decisions and unpleasant feelings. He advises tourists to get enough sleep before doing anything that requires a lot of attention, like driving. Experts suggest increasing tourists’ exposure to light when they arrive at a new place to prevent jet lag. But they also have another method if light does not help: drinking coffee. 9．What’s the function of the first paragraph? A．To explain what jet lag is. B．To encourage people to travel. C．To show why jet lag is common. D．To offer advice for long-distance tourists. 10．How many ways does Malcolm von Schantz provide to prevent jet lag? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 11．What’s the advice for business travelers? A．Avoiding the sunlight. B．Sleeping during the day. C．Arriving at the destination in advance. D．Paying attention to the driving. 12．What’s the text mainly about? A．What is jet lag? B．When does jet lag happen? C．Why is jet lag common? D．How can jet lag be prevented? （D） Here is a story: A man sees a butterfly. The butterfly tries to get out of its chrysalis (蛹). Feeling sorry for it, the man decides to help. He cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly comes out easily. Surprisingly enough, the butterfly is unable to fly. If the butterfly doesn’t struggle to leave the chrysalis, it can’t fly! The struggle develops the energy in the butterfly which makes it fly. Similarly, the challenges of life bring out the best in young people and make them fly. When people are young, meeting and overcoming challenges will make them strong and ready to face life. When we look at successful people, we see that the most successful of them are people who have had to struggle. One famous businessman, who now owns many supermarkets, used to carry clothes on his back and sell them from door to door when he was young. Another successful man is Dennis. His father died when he was only twenty. His father’s death forced him to mature fast. He had to bring up a family of nine people. He took up the challenges and overcame them. Today his brothers and sisters are leading successful lives. Sometimes challenges do not appear to us because we keep away from them. So some parents and teachers actively encourage young people to face challenges. They might organize some activities for young people which provide them with challenges, like rock-climbing, camping, volunteer work and so on. However, just passing exams will not prepare a person for life. We must meet and overcome challenges by ourselves. The young people of today will become the leaders of tomorrow. For countries to continue to become successful, it is important that the young people learn to meet challenges and overcome them. 13．From the story we know that the butterfly can’t fly because . A．the man feels sorry for it B．the man helps it come out C．it gets out by itself D．it tries to challenge itself 14．Dennis’s example shows that successful people should . A．take up business early B．sell clothes from door to door C．overcome the difficulties by themselves D．become the leaders of tomorrow 15．The meaning of the underlined word “mature” in the passage is “ ”. A．take up B．get up C．wake up D．grow up 16．What is the writer trying to do in the passage? A．Encourage young people to face challenges. B．Suggest how to become a successful businessman. C．Explain what will happen if a person fails the exam. D．Describe where a butterfly comes from. 1、 七选五 （一） It pays to be an optimist. Optimists tend to be in better health. A meta-analysis found that optimism was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events. 1 They are likely to see setbacks as temporary and caused by external circumstances, rather than to regard failures as a result of their own enduring weaknesses. Optimists are more likely to rise up organisational ladders as well. A recent paper surveyed founders, bosses and employees in the Netherlands, and found that entrepreneurs and managers are as optimistic as each other. 2 It can be concluded that confidence, justified or not, is a big part of why people are chosen for bigger jobs within organisations. 3 Within organisations, excessive optimism often causes trouble. Unrealistic starting expectations make it more likely that projects will miss budgets and deadlines. Optimism also makes it less likely that failing projects will be stopped. There are plenty of ideas on how to counter optimism bias. Processes can help — in preliminary risk checking, for example, people deliberately imagine the failure of a proposed initiative and identify the most likely causes. 4 It is found that overconfident CEOs tend to hire overconfident CFOs. If your entire team is made up of optimists, you have a problem. Yet it is also possible to lean too far in the other direction — extreme pessimism. It is a widespread problem in business because people tend to look for negative signals. 5 Instead of trying to fix their weaknesses, we should focus on putting people in positions that play to their strengths. Pessimism has its place, but it is optimism that makes things happen. A．Team composition also matters. B．Optimists also tend to be resilient. C．Both are more optimistic than employees. D．However, optimism can plainly go too far. E．In contrast, pessimists are easily defeated by difficulties. F．And ordinary employees hold a similar optimistic attitude. G．But some researchers think that we have paid too much attention to negative things. （二） How to Have a Successful Teenage Life Everyone wants to succeed in their life, don’t they? Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life. Follow the steps below, and successful teenage years will follow suit! Do well in school. No matter how boring it is now, education will help you be a productive member in society. Strive (力争) for excellence in school; try your best, listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades. Doing so will help you get into a better college or university, which will allow you to get a great job in the future. 6 Help out in your community. Volunteering can not only improve your community’s condition, it could make you happier. Find volunteer chances that interest you. For example, if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter. When you help others, it will make you feel better about yourself. 7 And to top it all off, having lots of volunteer hours will look good on your resume (简历)! 8 Start thinking about careers you would like to be in, but make a good choice based on your interests and strengths. This could be your job for the rest of your life! You could also work towards non-career-related goals, such as getting good grades in school, joining a team sport, etc. Challenge yourself and you’ll be surprised at what you can achieve! Have good friends to help you out. 9 Be with people who make you happy, and avoid the ones who don’t. Create a group of supportive, loving friends that can help you succeed in life and live your dreams. Find a few really good friends that will stick with you once you leave high school. Get active! Join a sports team at school or out of school. Go for a run around your neighborhood. 10 Join a dance group, go swimming at the local entertainment center, do sit ups during commercial breaks on TV — anything! Just exercise! It helps you feel better, mentally and physically. A．Develop hobbies. B．A successful teenager needs efforts. C．Take your dog on a nice, long walk. D．School sets you up on the right track! E．You’re making a big difference in the world. F．Discover your goals in life and work toward them. G．Friends are there to support you and lift your spirits. 二、完形填空 （一） Growing Up Is a Choice There is a big difference between growing older and growing up. Growing older is a natural process that requires no deliberate effort or 1 ability. However, growing up is a conscious choice that 2 us to discover value in every challenge and 3 wisdom from every failure. Many people wander through life without making any 4 . They complain about hardships and 5 without hesitation when meeting difficulties. They just let time 6 unconsciously without any positive self-improvement. 7 , those who are determined to grow up accept changes bravely. They 8 mistakes as precious lessons and setbacks as essential stepping stones to success. Growing up also means living a life without 9 . We should accomplish our sincere wishes immediately rather than wait for a so-called “perfect” moment. Life is too limited to 10 . Every small step we take today will 11 our future path. We may not witness obvious progress in a short time, which can easily make us feel 12 . But we should keep in mind that personal growth is a gradual journey. Never 13 our faith in ourselves. To grow up is to become a better version of ourselves. It is not about being faultless, but about making constant progress. This is the real 14 of life, which will 15 us to achieve greater happiness. 1．A．ordinary B．remarkable C．physical D．academic 2．A．convinces B．reminds C．urges D．forbids 3．A．absorb B．evaluate C．benefit D．recognize 4．A．advance B．curiosity C．enjoyment D．advantage 5．A．turn back B．drop out C．hold on D．get through 6．A．pause B．occur C．slip D．float 7．A．In consequence B．On average C．By contrast D．In addition 8．A．declare B．treat C．guarantee D．define 9．A．regrets B．doubts C．pressures D．fears 10．A．tolerate B．hesitate C．challenge D．comment 11．A．follow B．block C．shape D．limit 12．A．astonished B．concerned C．frightened D．frustrated 13．A．abandon B．sustain C．strengthen D．possess 14．A．essence B．message C．lesson D．content 15．A．allow B．demand C．restrict D．lead （二） As is known to all, a large number of Chinese students are studying abroad. The United States has always been a hot choice for Chinese students to begin their college studies. But now more and more Chinese parents are 16 sending their kids there for senior high school as well. They believe this will make 17 easier for their children to 18 top universities in the United States later. Wenhui Daily carried an article on Sunday saying that 19 there are many advantages to this approach, some negative side effects may also 20 . The article quotes Zhang Hengrui, a consulting expert, 21 that the experience of studying in U.S. high schools can help universities better recognise students’ scores, behaviour and achievements. It will also do good for students to be more 22 . All these can make students more 23 than  children who choose to study in domestic (国内的) high schools when applying to U.S. universities. But the expert says 24 children begin senior high school at around 15 or 16, careful preparations should be made to 25 negative effects that may occur when they find themselves in a 26 unfamiliar place. The expert offers two 27 . First, parents should tell their children the purpose of studying in a foreign high school 28 . Second, after the kids go abroad, parents should be kept 29 of their children’s situation and offer care and 30 from home. 16．A．wondering B．considering C．thinking D．expecting 17．A．this B．that C．it D．what 18．A．turn down B．look up C．apply for D．apply to 19．A．because B．although C．unless D．while 20．A．put up B．take up C．turn up D．make up 21．A．telling B．talking C．saying D．speaking 22．A．patient B．careful C．independent D．curious 23．A．valuable B．competitive C．clever D．effective 24．A．since B．until C．even if D．in case 25．A．allow B．predict C．operate D．avoid 26．A．totally B．normally C．specially D．generally. 27．A．ways B．views C．instructions D．suggestions 28．A．in order B．in turn C．in advance D．in return 29．A．told B．informed C．said D．mentioned 30．A．guidance B．effect C．service D．position 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 1 Period 1 Reading and Thinking & Reading for Writing 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 1、 单句语法填空 1．The government attaches great significance to (improve) the education system in rural areas, believing that it is the key to reducing poverty. 2．Most people on this island are recreational (消遣的) fishers, and (obvious), fishing forms an actual part of their leisure time. 3．A strong sense of (responsible) helps students grow into reliable young people. 4．We were first greeted with the barking by a pack of dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters who had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. 5．The mission, (schedule) for launch around 2028, aims to bring Martian samples back to Earth by around 2031. 6．Sliding into the habit of smoking is easy but it is difficult (quit) it. 7．Around three in five people in the UK will find necessary to care for an elderly or a disabled loved one at some point. 8．We Chinese have made great (achieve) in all scientific fields. 9．Taking drugs only once can make you an (addict), so keep away from it. 10． (focus) on his business, he never has a holiday. 【答案】 1.improving 2.obviously 3.responsibility 4.recommended 5.scheduled 6.to quit 7.it 8.achievements 9.addict 10.Focusing 2、 短语填空 freshman challenge; confusing schedule; sign up for; focus on; break the ice 1.Many students face the ____________ when they enter senior high school for the first time. 2.You’d better not ____________ too many after-school clubs, or you will lack spare time. 3.It is difficult for new students to understand the ____________ at the beginning of the term. 4.If you want to make progress in study, you need to ____________ your lessons in class. 5.Sharing small stories is a good way to ____________ when you meet new classmates. 【答案】 1.freshman challenge 2.sign up for 3.confusing schedule 4.focus on 5.break the ice 3、 完成句子 1. I will have my own family, probably with a lovely child, ________. 我会有自己的家庭，可能会有一个可爱的孩子，我要对他负责。 2. Isn’t he too young for such ________? 他担任如此重大的工作不是太年轻了吗？ 3. She________________ Oxford University. 她毕业于牛津大学法律系。 4. Our government ________________ human and financial resources ________________ the improvement of life. 我国政府将人力和财力集中用于生活改善。 5. Did you___________________ at the party today? 你今天在聚会上守规矩了吗？ 【答案】 1. for whom I will be responsible 2. a responsible job 3. graduated in law from 4. focuses on 5. behave well/yourself 一、语法填空 （一） After a long summer holiday, my new life at senior high school 1 (begin) at last. I was a little 2 (anxiety) in the morning, 3 (worry) that I would not make new friends. I was not outgoing after all. However, things turned 4 just fine. Both my teachers and classmates made a good 5 (impress) on me. They were friendly and helpful. In fact, one of my classmates was so talkative 6 he kept talking to me over the experiment! Maybe he was just trying to impress me, but I felt 7 (annoy) because I couldn't concentrate. I was too frightened 8 (tell) him to leave me alone. It would be awkward if I did. The classes were much more difficult than 9 at junior high school. There is a lot for me 10 (explore). I hope I can fit in soon. 【答案】 1．began 2．anxious 3．worrying 4．out 5．impression 6．that 7．annoyed 8．to tell 9．those 10．to explore 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在高中的新生活开始了，起初有些焦虑，但老师和同学都很友好，虽然课程比初中难，但作者希望能尽快适应。 【详解】1．考查动词时态。句意：经过一个漫长的暑假，我高中的新生活终于开始了。根据“After a long summer holiday”并结合句意可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，空格处谓语动词使用过去式。故填began。 2．考查形容词。句意：早上我有点焦虑，担心我交不到新朋友。空处需填形容词作表语，anxiety的形容词形式是anxious“焦虑的”。故填anxious。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。was为主句的谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词，worry与其逻辑主语I为主动关系，需用现在分词形式作伴随状语。故填worrying。 4．考查固定短语。句意：然而，事情结果很好。turn out为固定短语，意为“结果是，证明是”。故填out。 5．考查名词。句意：我的老师和同学都给我留下了很好的印象。不定冠词a后面需接可数名词单数形式，impress的名词形式是impression“印象”，构成短语make a good impression on sb.“给某人留下好的印象”。故填impression。 6．考查固定句型。句意：事实上，我的一个同学太健谈了，以至于在实验过程中一直和我说话！so...that...为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填that。 7．考查形容词。句意：也许他只是想给我留下印象，但我感到很生气，因为我无法集中注意力。空处需填形容词作表语，此处修饰人的感受，应用annoyed“感到生气的”，符合语境。故填annoyed。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：我太害怕了，不敢告诉他别打扰我。too...to...为固定句型，意为“太……而不能……”，空处需填动词不定式作结果状语。故填to tell。 9．考查代词。句意：这些课比初中的课难得多。空处指代前面提到的可数名词复数形式classes，，应用代词those，符合语境。故填those。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：有很多东西等着我去探索。此处为动词不定式作后置定语，修饰a lot。故填to explore。 （二） Dear Ben, I have known what happened to you from your letter. Your best friend told everyone else your complaints about your teammate’s bad 11 (perform), which made you 12 (embarrass) and ashamed. You are totally in 13 mess now. Here is 14 you should do. Firstly, apologize to your teammate. You need to work together 15 (win) more basketball games, which means clear communication and conflicts resolution. So tell him 16 (direct) and honestly that you were talking without thinking. Secondly, talk to your friend. Tell him you’re angry with him for 17 (repeat) what you said, but that you value your friendship and want to move on. Dealt with in this way, your friendship will 18 (repair) soon. Thirdly, and most importantly, think about your own behaviour. Don’t say too much when you are angry. Filled 19 anger, you may say whatever comes to your mind. You can raise your concerns with your coach if a member is not pulling 20 (he) weight. Always remember: think first,speak later. Agony Aunt 【答案】 11．performance/performances 12．embarrassed 13．a 14．what 15．to win 16．directly 17．repeating 18．be repaired 19．with 20．his 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是Agony Aunt给Ben的回信，针对Ben遇到的困扰提出了一些建议。 【详解】11．考查名词。句意：你最好的朋友告诉了其他人你对队友表现不佳的抱怨，这让你感到尴尬和羞愧。提示词作宾语，用名词performance，意为“表现”，可以理解为不可数名词，也可理解为可数名词，用复数形式。故填performance/performances。 12．考查形容词。句意：你最好的朋友告诉了其他人你对队友表现不佳的抱怨，这让你感到尴尬和羞愧。空处需填形容词作宾语补足语，此处表示逻辑主语“you”的感受，需用-ed结尾的形容词embarrassed，意为“感到尴尬的”。故填embarrassed。 13．考查冠词。句意：你现在完全陷入困境了。in a mess为固定短语，意为“陷入困境”。故填a。 14．考查表语从句。句意：这是你应该做的。“_____ you should do”为表语从句，从句缺少宾语，表示“(应该做的)事情”，需用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。 15．考查非谓语动词。句意：你们需要一起努力赢得更多的篮球比赛，这意味着清晰的沟通和解决冲突。句中已有谓语动词“need to work”，且“(win) more basketball games”是“work together”的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to win。 16．考查副词。句意：所以，直接而诚实地告诉他，你说话没有经过思考。提示词修饰动词“tell”，用副词directly作状语，意为“直接地”。故填directly。 17．考查非谓语动词。句意：告诉他你对他重复你说的话很生气，但你很珍惜你们的友谊，想要继续下去。“for”为介词，后面需加动名词作宾语。故填repeating。 18．考查语态。句意：这样处理，你们的友谊很快就会修复。repair(修复)是谓语动词，与主语“your friendship”之间是被动关系，结合句意和助动词“will”可知，需用一般将来时的被动语态will be repaired。故填be repaired。 19．考查介词。句意：心中充满愤怒，你可能会说出任何你想说的话。(be) filled with为固定短语，意为“充满”。故填with。 20．考查代词。句意：如果一个成员没有尽到自己的责任，你可以向教练提出你的担忧。pull one’s weight为固定短语，意为“尽自己的本分”，此处表示“一个成员自己的”，需用形容词性物主代词his作定语。故填his。 二、阅读理解 （A） Dear Mr. Barone, I am writing on behalf of the seventh-grade class. The traditional seventh-grade spring field trip is to the State History Museum. This year, however, the seventh grade would like to request a change. The class is interested in going to the new World Botanical (植物的) Gardens. Although this would mean a two-hour bus ride, the benefits of the new field trip would make the extra time worthwhile. The garden hours are from 10:00 A．M. to 6:00 P.M. The class could leave school at 8:00 A．M. and arrive just as the gardens open. We would have time to explore the gardens, make notes about our favorite exhibits, eat lunch, and return to school by 4:00 P.M. Many seventh-grade students have already visited the history museum. Since the museum is so close, students often go there with their families, or with other groups. We have enjoyed the many interesting exhibits, but this year we are hoping to learn something new. The purpose of the new field trip destination is to help students understand the different environments of our planet. The World Botanical Gardens contains the second-largest walk-through Amazon rainforest exhibit in the country. Some of the other popular exhibits are the Giant Flowers, the Arid Deserts, and the Palm Trees Around the World. Since seventh-grade students study plants and plant energy in science class, visiting the botanical gardens would be an appropriate and educational field trip. The information we could learn there would be an excellent way to add to our science studies. We would observe plants growing in special displays that are similar to their natural habitats. Please consider this request for the seventh-grade field trip to World Botanical Gardens. Any increase in the traditional field trip expenses, such as the longer bus ride, could be made up for by fundraisers such as bake sales and car washes. If I can provide additional information, please let me know. Thank you very much. Sincerely, Robert Burns 1．Why does the writer use the phrase “the seventh grade” instead of “I”? A．To draw attention to the details of the field trip. B．To show the students are united about the field trip. C．To encourage other students to write about the field trip. D．To tell that the teachers also support the field trip. 2．Which aspect of the new field trip is mentioned? A．The organizer. B．The expense. C．The number of students. D．The length of time. 3．Why does the writer recommend the World Botanical Gardens? A．It is more familiar to the students. B．It exposes students to garden art. C．It enriches students’ class learning. D．It shows plants in natural habitats. 4．Which word best describes the author’s tone in the passage? A．Critical. B．Formal. C．Humorous. D．Negative. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。作者代表七年级班级，正式请求将春季实地考察地从历史博物馆改为世界植物园，并阐述了理由、行程安排和费用解决方案。 【详解】1．推理判断题。根据信件开头“I am writing on behalf of the seventh-grade class. (我谨代表七年级班级写信)”以及通篇使用“the seventh grade”、“we”等表述可知，作者用“七年级”代替“我”，是为了表明这是班级集体意愿，体现了学生在这次实地考察上的团结一致。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The class could leave school at 8:00 A.M. and arrive just as the gardens open. We would have time to explore the gardens, make notes about our favorite exhibits, eat lunch, and return to school by 4:00 P.M. (班级可以在上午8点离开学校，正好在花园开门时到达。我们将有时间探索花园，为我们最喜欢的展览做笔记，吃午餐，并在下午4点前返回学校)”可知，作者提到了新的实地考察所需的时间长度(从早上8点到下午4点)。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Since seventh-grade students study plants and plant energy in science class, visiting the botanical gardens would be an appropriate and educational field trip. The information we could learn there would be an excellent way to add to our science studies. (由于七年级学生在科学课上学习植物和植物能量，参观植物园将是一次合适且有教育意义的实地考察。我们在那里可以学到的信息将是补充我们科学学习的绝佳方式)”可知，作者推荐世界植物园是因为它能丰富学生的课堂学习。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据全文内容，特别是信件的正式格式，如开头“Dear Mr. Barone, (尊敬的巴隆先生)”、结尾“Sincerely, Robert Burns (真诚的，罗伯特·伯恩斯)”以及正文中大量使用礼貌、客观、规范的表达，例如“Please consider this request (请考虑这一请求)”、“If I can provide additional information, please let me know. (如果我能提供更多信息，请告诉我)”和“Thank you very much. (非常感谢您)”等，可推断作者在整个篇章中采用的是正式、礼貌的语气。故选B项。 （B） Teenagers can’t afford to buy expensive gifts. So what do you do if you want to give gifts to the important people in your life? In fact, you don’t have to spend much money on holiday gifts. There are many cheap ways to do that. Here are some do-it-yourself gift ideas to try: To your mother and dad: You can clean the room, sing a song or write a letter to your mom and dad. You could also draw a picture if you like that. To your teacher: Sometimes students put their pocket money together and buy a teacher a holiday gift. Some kids would like to give their own gifts. You can send a nice card with the words of thanks inside. You might even write down the favorite thing you’ve learned in the teacher’s class this year. It will make the teacher feel happy. To the kids who need a friend: The holidays are a good time to think about people who are lonely. Maybe there is someone in your class who doesn’t seem to have any friends. Try to do something for this person. It could be giving a Christmas card or just chatting with him or her. It’s a small thing, but it could mean a lot to him or her. 5．According to the passage, teenagers don’t have to ______ their parents as a gift. A．sing a song to B．draw a picture to C．write a letter to D．buy an expensive gift for 6．Which of the following is not true? A．You should spend much money buying gifts for your teacher. B．Chatting with a classmate who has few friends is also a good holiday gift. C．A small gift during holidays may mean a lot to someone who feels lonely. D．Sometimes students put their pocket money together to buy a teacher a gift. 7．You might see this passage in a（n）______. A．Notice B．science book C．school newspaper D．advertisement 8．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Making Friends by Giving Gifts B．Making Holiday Gifts by Yourself C．How to Save Money During Holidays D．How to Choose Gifts for Different People 【答案】5．D 6．A 7．C 8．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章针对青少年经济能力有限的情况，提出无需花高价买节日礼物，还给出给父母、老师、孤独同学的 DIY 礼物建议。 【详解】5．细节理解题。根据第一段“Teenagers can’t afford to buy expensive gifts. So what do you do if you want to give gifts to the important people in your life? In fact, you don’t have to spend much money on holiday gifts. 青少年买不起昂贵的礼物。如果你想给生活中重要的人送礼物，该怎么做呢？其实，节日送礼并不需要花很多钱。)”及对父母的DIY礼物建议（唱歌、写信、画画）可知，青少年不必给父母买昂贵礼物。故选D项。 6．细节理解题。根据第一段“In fact, you don’t have to spend much money on holiday gifts. (事实上，你不必在节日礼物上花很多钱。)”及对老师的礼物建议（送感谢卡片、写下课堂收获）可知，A项“花很多钱给老师买礼物”的表述错误。故选A项。 7．推理判断题。根据第一段“Teenagers can’t afford to buy expensive gifts. So what do you do if you want to give gifts to the important people in your life? In fact, you don’t have to spend much money on holiday gifts. 青少年买不起昂贵的礼物。如果你想给生活中重要的人送礼物，该怎么做呢？其实，节日送礼并不需要花很多钱。)”以及下文可知，文章针对青少年，提供给父母、老师、孤独同学的DIY节日礼物建议，内容贴近校园生活，最可能出现在校报上。故选C项。 8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“In fact, you don’t have to spend much money on holiday gifts. There are many cheap ways to do that. Here are some do-it-yourself gift ideas to try: (事实上，你不必在节日礼物上花很多钱。有很多便宜的方法可以做到。以下是一些可以尝试的 DIY 礼物想法：)”可知，文章核心是“自制节日礼物”，B项适合用作标题。故选B项。 （C） Many travelers face a common problem: jet lag. It is the feeling of tiredness people get when traveling a long distance, resulting in a difference in daylight hours. People who travel long distances often want to prevent jet lag. Professor Malcolm von Schantz says one way, but it has a high cost. Paying a lot for a bigger seat and more space in an airplane can prevent sleep deprivation (剥夺). He knows most people cannot pay so much to travel. But he says timing your flights can help. For example, he suggests flying from Europe to North America during the day, so that it is evening when passengers land and they can get to sleep. Von Schantz also said flying in newer passenger jets, like the Airbus A350 or Boeing 787 Dreamliner, might help. Those planes can keep a more comfortable atmosphere inside, causing less tiredness. Experts say being in sunlight is important to resetting your internal (内部的) body clock. That could mean either avoiding morning sun or seeking it out, depending on where you started. Getting light in the morning will move your body clock forward, while getting light in the early evening will delay it. Sleeping for a short time during the day is acceptable, but scientists warn against sleeping for longer periods later in the day. Doing so might make it harder to sleep through the night. They suggest business travelers should consider arriving a day or two ahead of any important meetings or events. Being jet-lagged can lead to unwise decisions and unpleasant feelings. He advises tourists to get enough sleep before doing anything that requires a lot of attention, like driving. Experts suggest increasing tourists’ exposure to light when they arrive at a new place to prevent jet lag. But they also have another method if light does not help: drinking coffee. 9．What’s the function of the first paragraph? A．To explain what jet lag is. B．To encourage people to travel. C．To show why jet lag is common. D．To offer advice for long-distance tourists. 10．How many ways does Malcolm von Schantz provide to prevent jet lag? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 11．What’s the advice for business travelers? A．Avoiding the sunlight. B．Sleeping during the day. C．Arriving at the destination in advance. D．Paying attention to the driving. 12．What’s the text mainly about? A．What is jet lag? B．When does jet lag happen? C．Why is jet lag common? D．How can jet lag be prevented? 【答案】9．A 10．B 11．C 12．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一些关于如何避免倒时差的建议。 【详解】9．推理判断题。通过阅读文章第一段内容“Many travelers face a common problem: jet lag. It is the feeling of tiredness people get when traveling a long distance, resulting in a difference in daylight hours.(许多旅行者都面临一个共同的问题：时差反应。这是人们在长途旅行时产生的疲劳感，导致了白天时间的不同。)”可知，该段主要对“时差反应”这个概念进行了解释，由此推知，该段的功能是解释概念。故选A项。 10．细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Professor Malcolm von Schantz says one way, but it has a high cost. Paying a lot for a bigger seat and more space in an airplane can prevent sleep deprivation(Malcolm von Schantz教授说，有一种方法，但成本很高。在飞机上花大价钱买一个更大的座位和更大的空间可以防止睡眠不足)”，“But he says timing your flights can help.(但他表示，安排航班时间会有所帮助。)”以及“Schantz also said flying in newer passenger jets, like the Airbus A350 or Boeing 787 Dreamliner, might help.( Schantz还表示，乘坐空客A350或波音787梦幻客机等新型客机可能会有所帮助。)”可知，他提出了“高价买入更大座位和更大空间”，“航班时间安排”和“搭乘新型客机”三种方法。故选B项。 11．细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“They suggest business travelers should consider arriving a day or two ahead of any important meetings or events.(他们建议商务旅行者应该考虑在任何重要会议或活动前一两天到达。)”可知，专家建议商务旅客应该考虑在会议前一两天到达目的地。故选C项。 12．主旨大意题。通过阅读文章内容可知，文章第二段首句“People who travel long distances often want to prevent jet lag.(长途旅行的人通常希望防止时差反应。)”提出了文章的核心话题，即，“防止时差反应”，并在后文段落详细阐述了教授和专家就“如何防止时差反应”给出的建议。选项D“How can jet lag be prevented?(如何预防时差反应？)”贴合主题。故选D项。 （D） Here is a story: A man sees a butterfly. The butterfly tries to get out of its chrysalis (蛹). Feeling sorry for it, the man decides to help. He cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly comes out easily. Surprisingly enough, the butterfly is unable to fly. If the butterfly doesn’t struggle to leave the chrysalis, it can’t fly! The struggle develops the energy in the butterfly which makes it fly. Similarly, the challenges of life bring out the best in young people and make them fly. When people are young, meeting and overcoming challenges will make them strong and ready to face life. When we look at successful people, we see that the most successful of them are people who have had to struggle. One famous businessman, who now owns many supermarkets, used to carry clothes on his back and sell them from door to door when he was young. Another successful man is Dennis. His father died when he was only twenty. His father’s death forced him to mature fast. He had to bring up a family of nine people. He took up the challenges and overcame them. Today his brothers and sisters are leading successful lives. Sometimes challenges do not appear to us because we keep away from them. So some parents and teachers actively encourage young people to face challenges. They might organize some activities for young people which provide them with challenges, like rock-climbing, camping, volunteer work and so on. However, just passing exams will not prepare a person for life. We must meet and overcome challenges by ourselves. The young people of today will become the leaders of tomorrow. For countries to continue to become successful, it is important that the young people learn to meet challenges and overcome them. 13．From the story we know that the butterfly can’t fly because . A．the man feels sorry for it B．the man helps it come out C．it gets out by itself D．it tries to challenge itself 14．Dennis’s example shows that successful people should . A．take up business early B．sell clothes from door to door C．overcome the difficulties by themselves D．become the leaders of tomorrow 15．The meaning of the underlined word “mature” in the passage is “ ”. A．take up B．get up C．wake up D．grow up 16．What is the writer trying to do in the passage? A．Encourage young people to face challenges. B．Suggest how to become a successful businessman. C．Explain what will happen if a person fails the exam. D．Describe where a butterfly comes from. 【答案】13．B 14．C 15．D 16．A 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文以蝴蝶破蛹的故事引出道理：人生的挑战能磨炼人，使人成长变强，作者鼓励年轻人主动直面并克服困难。 【详解】13．细节理解题。根据第一段“He cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly comes out easily. Surprisingly enough, the butterfly is unable to fly.(他剪开蛹，蝴蝶轻松地出来了。令人意外的是，这只蝴蝶却无法飞翔。)”可知，蝴蝶不能飞是因为男人帮助它钻出了蛹。故选B项。 14．细节理解题。根据第二段“He had to bring up a family of nine people. He took up the challenges and overcame them. Today his brothers and sisters are leading successful lives.(他必须养活一家九口人。他迎难而上，克服了重重困难。如今，他的兄弟姐妹们都过上了幸福顺遂的生活。)”可知，丹尼斯的例子说明成功者需要独自克服困难。故选C项。 15．词句猜测题。根据第二段“His father’s death forced him to mature fast. He had to bring up a family of nine people. He took up the challenges and overcame them. Today his brothers and sisters are leading successful lives.(父亲的离世迫使他迅速mature。他不得不肩负起养活一家九口人的重担，迎难而上并克服了所有艰难困苦。如今，他的兄弟姐妹们都过上了安稳顺遂的美好生活。)”可知，丹尼斯不得不肩负起养活一家九口人的重担，所以这里指父亲的去世让他快速成熟长大，mature的意思是“长大、成熟”。故选D项。 16．推理判断题。根据最后一段“For countries to continue to become successful, it is important that the young people learn to meet challenges and overcome them.(国家想要持续发展，年轻人学会直面并克服挑战是十分重要的。)”以及上文内容可知，作者意在鼓励年轻人勇敢面对人生中的挑战。故选A项。 1、 七选五 （一） It pays to be an optimist. Optimists tend to be in better health. A meta-analysis found that optimism was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events. 1 They are likely to see setbacks as temporary and caused by external circumstances, rather than to regard failures as a result of their own enduring weaknesses. Optimists are more likely to rise up organisational ladders as well. A recent paper surveyed founders, bosses and employees in the Netherlands, and found that entrepreneurs and managers are as optimistic as each other. 2 It can be concluded that confidence, justified or not, is a big part of why people are chosen for bigger jobs within organisations. 3 Within organisations, excessive optimism often causes trouble. Unrealistic starting expectations make it more likely that projects will miss budgets and deadlines. Optimism also makes it less likely that failing projects will be stopped. There are plenty of ideas on how to counter optimism bias. Processes can help — in preliminary risk checking, for example, people deliberately imagine the failure of a proposed initiative and identify the most likely causes. 4 It is found that overconfident CEOs tend to hire overconfident CFOs. If your entire team is made up of optimists, you have a problem. Yet it is also possible to lean too far in the other direction — extreme pessimism. It is a widespread problem in business because people tend to look for negative signals. 5 Instead of trying to fix their weaknesses, we should focus on putting people in positions that play to their strengths. Pessimism has its place, but it is optimism that makes things happen. A．Team composition also matters. B．Optimists also tend to be resilient. C．Both are more optimistic than employees. D．However, optimism can plainly go too far. E．In contrast, pessimists are easily defeated by difficulties. F．And ordinary employees hold a similar optimistic attitude. G．But some researchers think that we have paid too much attention to negative things. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．G 【导语】文章主要论述了乐观主义的利弊，指出适度乐观有益健康与事业，但过度乐观会带来问题，需保持平衡。 【详解】1．由上文“Optimists tend to be in better health. A meta-analysis found that optimism was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events.(乐观主义者往往更健康。一项元分析发现，乐观与较低的心血管事件风险相关。)”及下文“They are likely to see setbacks as temporary and caused by external circumstances, rather than to regard failures as a result of their own enduring weaknesses.(他们更可能将挫折视为暂时的、由外部环境造成的，而不是将自己的失败归因于自身持久的弱点。)”可知，上文列举了乐观的健康益处，下文描述了乐观者对挫折的态度，本空应进一步说明乐观者的另一个积极特质。B选项“乐观主义者也往往更有韧性。”能承上启下，符合语境。 2．由上文“A recent paper surveyed founders, bosses and employees in the Netherlands, and found that entrepreneurs and managers are as optimistic as each other.(最近一篇论文调查了荷兰的创始人、老板和员工，发现企业家和管理者彼此一样乐观。)”及下文“It can be concluded that confidence, justified or not, is a big part of why people are chosen for bigger jobs within organisations.(可以得出结论，自信，无论合理与否，是人们被选中担任组织中更大职位的重要原因。)”可知，上文比较了三类人的乐观程度，下文得出了自信有助于晋升的结论，本空应说明管理者与普通员工的差异。C选项“两者都比员工更乐观。”中的“both”指代上文的企业家和管理者，解释了为何他们更易获得晋升，能承上启下，符合语境。 3．由下文“Within organisations, excessive optimism often causes trouble. Unrealistic starting expectations make it more likely that projects will miss budgets and deadlines. Optimism also makes it less likely that failing projects will be stopped.(在组织内部，过度乐观常常会带来麻烦。不切实际的初始预期使项目更有可能超出预算和截止日期。乐观也使失败的项目更不可能被叫停。)”可知，下文讲述了过度乐观的缺点，本空应点明存在过度乐观。D选项“然而，乐观显然可能会过头。”能引出下文，符合语境。 4．由上文“Processes can help — in preliminary risk checking, for example, people deliberately imagine the failure of a proposed initiative and identify the most likely causes.(流程可以有所帮助——例如在初步风险检查中，人们刻意想象拟议项目的失败并找出最可能的原因。)”及下文“It is found that overconfident CEOs tend to hire overconfident CFOs. If your entire team is made up of optimists, you have a problem.(研究发现，过度自信的CEO倾向于雇佣过度自信的CFO。如果你的整个团队都由乐观主义者组成，那你就有问题了。)”可知，上文讲流程管控办法，下文讲团队人员搭配的问题，本空应引出团队构成这一新角度。A选项“团队构成也很重要。”中的“also”与上文的流程形成补充关系，并引出下文的例子，能承上启下，符合语境。 5．由上文“It is a widespread problem in business because people tend to look for negative signals.(这是商业中的一个普遍问题，因为人们倾向于寻找负面信号。)”及下文“Instead of trying to fix their weaknesses, we should focus on putting people in positions that play to their strengths. Pessimism has its place, but it is optimism that makes things happen.(与其试图修复他们的弱点，我们应该专注于把人放在能发挥其优势的位置上。悲观主义有其存在的价值，但让事情发生的是乐观主义。)”可知，上文指出了人们过度关注负面信号的问题，下文提出了不应只关注弱点的建议，本空应指出这种过度关注负面现象本身就是一个问题。G选项“但一些研究人员认为，我们对负面事物关注得太多了。”能承接上文的现象，并引出下文改变做法的建议，承上启下，符合语境。 （二） How to Have a Successful Teenage Life Everyone wants to succeed in their life, don’t they? Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life. Follow the steps below, and successful teenage years will follow suit! Do well in school. No matter how boring it is now, education will help you be a productive member in society. Strive (力争) for excellence in school; try your best, listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades. Doing so will help you get into a better college or university, which will allow you to get a great job in the future. 6 Help out in your community. Volunteering can not only improve your community’s condition, it could make you happier. Find volunteer chances that interest you. For example, if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter. When you help others, it will make you feel better about yourself. 7 And to top it all off, having lots of volunteer hours will look good on your resume (简历)! 8 Start thinking about careers you would like to be in, but make a good choice based on your interests and strengths. This could be your job for the rest of your life! You could also work towards non-career-related goals, such as getting good grades in school, joining a team sport, etc. Challenge yourself and you’ll be surprised at what you can achieve! Have good friends to help you out. 9 Be with people who make you happy, and avoid the ones who don’t. Create a group of supportive, loving friends that can help you succeed in life and live your dreams. Find a few really good friends that will stick with you once you leave high school. Get active! Join a sports team at school or out of school. Go for a run around your neighborhood. 10 Join a dance group, go swimming at the local entertainment center, do sit ups during commercial breaks on TV — anything! Just exercise! It helps you feel better, mentally and physically. A．Develop hobbies. B．A successful teenager needs efforts. C．Take your dog on a nice, long walk. D．School sets you up on the right track! E．You’re making a big difference in the world. F．Discover your goals in life and work toward them. G．Friends are there to support you and lift your spirits. 【答案】6．D 7．E 8．F 9．G 10．C 【导语】文章主要介绍了拥有成功的青少年生活的五条方法建议。 【详解】6．由小标题“Do well in school.(好好学习功课。)”以及上文“Doing so will help you get into a better college or university, which will allow you to get a great job in the future.(这样做会帮你进入更好的大学，让你在未来找到一份好工作。)”可知，本段主题为好好学习，D选项“School sets you up on the right track!(学校让你走上正确的道路！)”能承接上文，该选项中的“on the right track”与上文“get into a better college or university”相呼应，总结在校学习的重要意义。 7．由上文“When you help others, it will make you feel better about yourself.(当你帮助别人时，会让自我感觉更加良好。)”以及下文“And to top it all off, having lots of volunteer hours will look good on your resume (简历)!(最重要的是，大量志愿时长会让你的简历更加出彩！)”可知，本段介绍参与社区志愿活动的多重好处，E选项“You’re making a big difference in the world.(你正在给世界带来巨大的积极改变。)”能承上启下，该选项中“making a big difference”与上文“help others”、下文“volunteer”相呼应，属于志愿服务带来的收获。 8．由下文“Start thinking about careers you would like to be in, but make a good choice based on your interests and strengths.(尽早规划你想要从事的职业方向，并结合自身兴趣与特长做出合适选择。)”以及“This could be your job for the rest of your life! You could also work towards non-career-related goals, such as getting good grades in school, joining a team sport, etc. Challenge yourself and you’ll be surprised at what you can achieve!(这份职业或许会陪伴你一生！你也可以朝着和职业无关的目标努力，比如在校考取优异成绩、参加团队体育运动等等。不断挑战自我，你将会为自己取得的成果倍感惊喜！)”可知，整段围绕树立目标、为之奋斗展开，F选项“Discover your goals in life and work toward them.(找到你的人生目标并为之努力。)”可以总领整段内容，该选项中的“goals”与下文“thinking about careers”、“goals”、“you can achieve”等词汇相呼应。 9．由上文“Have good friends to help you out.(结交益友来帮你渡过难关。)”以及下文“Be with people who make you happy, and avoid the ones who don’t.(多和能让你心情愉悦的人相处，远离那些带给你负面情绪的人。)”可知，本段核心话题为朋友，G选项“Friends are there to support you and lift your spirits.(朋友会支持你、鼓舞你的情绪。)”承接段落主旨，该选项中的“Friends”与上文关键词“friends”相呼应，“support you and lift your spirits”与下文“make you happy”形成呼应。 10．由上文“Join a sports team at school or out of school. Go for a run around your neighborhood.(加入校内外运动队，在小区附近跑步。)”以及下文“Join a dance group, go swimming at the local entertainment center, do sit ups during commercial breaks on TV — anything! Just exercise!(参加舞蹈团、游泳、做仰卧起坐等各类运动！)”可知，本段主题是坚持运动锻炼，前后都是具体运动方式举例，C选项“Take your dog on a nice, long walk.(牵着你的狗狗好好散一次长步。)”是一项具体运动形式，该选项的“walk”与上文“run”及下文“dance group, go swimming”、“sit ups”各类锻炼事例相呼应。 二、完形填空 （一） Growing Up Is a Choice There is a big difference between growing older and growing up. Growing older is a natural process that requires no deliberate effort or 1 ability. However, growing up is a conscious choice that 2 us to discover value in every challenge and 3 wisdom from every failure. Many people wander through life without making any 4 . They complain about hardships and 5 without hesitation when meeting difficulties. They just let time 6 unconsciously without any positive self-improvement. 7 , those who are determined to grow up accept changes bravely. They 8 mistakes as precious lessons and setbacks as essential stepping stones to success. Growing up also means living a life without 9 . We should accomplish our sincere wishes immediately rather than wait for a so-called “perfect” moment. Life is too limited to 10 . Every small step we take today will 11 our future path. We may not witness obvious progress in a short time, which can easily make us feel 12 . But we should keep in mind that personal growth is a gradual journey. Never 13 our faith in ourselves. To grow up is to become a better version of ourselves. It is not about being faultless, but about making constant progress. This is the real 14 of life, which will 15 us to achieve greater happiness. 1．A．ordinary B．remarkable C．physical D．academic 2．A．convinces B．reminds C．urges D．forbids 3．A．absorb B．evaluate C．benefit D．recognize 4．A．advance B．curiosity C．enjoyment D．advantage 5．A．turn back B．drop out C．hold on D．get through 6．A．pause B．occur C．slip D．float 7．A．In consequence B．On average C．By contrast D．In addition 8．A．declare B．treat C．guarantee D．define 9．A．regrets B．doubts C．pressures D．fears 10．A．tolerate B．hesitate C．challenge D．comment 11．A．follow B．block C．shape D．limit 12．A．astonished B．concerned C．frightened D．frustrated 13．A．abandon B．sustain C．strengthen D．possess 14．A．essence B．message C．lesson D．content 15．A．allow B．demand C．restrict D．lead 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．D 13．A 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文主要阐述变老只是自然过程，成长却是主动选择，人应直面挫折把握当下，在沉淀中蜕变成就更好自我。 【详解】1．考查形容词。句意：变老是一个自然的过程，不需要刻意付出努力，也不需要非凡的能力。A. ordinary普通的；B. remarkable非凡的；C. physical身体的；D. academic学业的。根据前文“Growing older is a natural process that requires no deliberate effort”可知，变老与生俱来，无需刻意努力，也不需要过人的非凡能力。 2．考查动词。句意：然而，成长是一种清醒的选择，它促使我们在每一次挑战中发现价值，从每一次失败中汲取智慧。A. convinces使信服；B. reminds提醒；C. urges促使；D. forbids禁止。根据前文“growing up is a conscious choice”以及后文“discover value in every challenge”可知，成长这种主动选择会推动、促使人们在挑战中发掘自身价值。 3．考查动词。句意：然而，成长是一种清醒的选择，它促使我们在每一次挑战中发现价值，从每一次失败中汲取智慧。A. absorb汲取；B. evaluate评估；C. benefit受益；D. recognize认出。根据后文“wisdom from every failure”可知，成长要求人们从失败经历中吸收、汲取人生智慧。 4．考查名词。句意：许多人浑浑噩噩度过一生，没有取得任何进步。A. advance进步；B. curiosity好奇；C. enjoyment乐趣；D. advantage优势。根据后文“without any positive self-improvement”可知，这类人不做自我提升，人生没有任何成长与进步。 5．考查动词短语。句意：他们抱怨生活艰辛，遇到困难就退缩放弃。A. turn back折返；B. drop out退出、放弃；C. hold on坚持；D. get through熬过。根据前文“They complain about hardships”可知，这类人消极度日，遇到困境就选择退缩放弃。 6．考查动词。句意：他们只是任由时光在不知不觉中流逝，从不做积极的自我提升。A. pause暂停；B. occur发生；C. slip溜走、流逝；D. float漂浮。根据后文“without any positive self-improvement”可知，这类人虚度光阴、不做自我提升，任由时间悄悄溜走流逝。 7．考查固定短语。句意：相比之下，那些决心成长的人勇敢接受生活中的各种变化。A. In consequence因此；B. On average平均；C. By contrast相比之下；D. In addition此外。根据前文“Many people wander through life without making any _______ . They complain about hardships and _______ without hesitation when meeting difficulties.”以及后文“those who are determined to grow up accept changes bravely”可知，前后是两类截然不同人生态度的对比关系。 8．考查动词。句意：他们把错误视作宝贵的教训，把挫折当作通往成功必不可少的垫脚石。A. declare宣称；B. treat看待、视作；C. guarantee保证；D. define定义。根据后文“mistakes as precious lessons”可知，成长型的人将错误和挫折看作成长的财富。 9．考查名词。句意：成长也意味着过一种不留遗憾的人生。A. regrets遗憾；B. doubts怀疑；C. pressures压力；D. fears恐惧。根据后文“We should accomplish our sincere wishes immediately rather than wait for a so-called “perfect” moment.”可知，及时实现心愿、不拖延，是为了让人生不留遗憾。 10．考查动词。句意：生命太过有限，容不得我们犹豫不决。A. tolerate容忍；B. hesitate犹豫；C. challenge挑战；D. comment评论。根据前文“accomplish our sincere wishes immediately rather than wait”可知，人生短暂，不能遇事迟疑、一味等待所谓完美时机。 11．考查动词。句意：我们今天迈出的每一小步，都将会塑造我们未来的人生道路。A. follow跟随；B. block阻碍；C. shape塑造；D. limit限制。根据前文“Life is too limited to hesitate”以及后文“our future path”可知，当下的每一步选择与行动，都会影响并塑造未来的人生道路。 12．考查形容词。句意：我们可能在短时间内看不到明显的进步，这很容易让我们感到沮丧。A. astonished惊讶的；B. concerned担忧的；C. frightened害怕的；D. frustrated沮丧的。根据前文“not witness obvious progress in a short time”可知，付出努力却看不到成效，容易让人产生失落沮丧的情绪。 13．考查动词。句意：永远不要放弃对自己的信念。A. abandon放弃；B. sustain维持；C. strengthen加强；D. possess拥有。根据前文“personal growth is a gradual journey”可知，成长是漫长过程，即便进步缓慢也不能放弃自信与信念。 14．考查名词。句意：这才是人生真正的本质，它将引领我们收获更大的幸福。A. essence本质；B. message启示；C. lesson教训；D. content内容。根据前文“To grow up is to become a better version of ourselves. It is not about being faultless, but about making constant progress”可知，不断完善自我、持续进步是人生真正的本质内涵。 15．考查动词。句意：这才是人生真正的本质，它将引领我们收获更大的幸福。A. allow允许；B. demand要求；C. restrict限制；D. lead引领。根据后文“us to achieve greater happiness”可知，读懂成长的真谛，会引领我们走向更大的人生幸福。 （二） As is known to all, a large number of Chinese students are studying abroad. The United States has always been a hot choice for Chinese students to begin their college studies. But now more and more Chinese parents are 16 sending their kids there for senior high school as well. They believe this will make 17 easier for their children to 18 top universities in the United States later. Wenhui Daily carried an article on Sunday saying that 19 there are many advantages to this approach, some negative side effects may also 20 . The article quotes Zhang Hengrui, a consulting expert, 21 that the experience of studying in U.S. high schools can help universities better recognise students’ scores, behaviour and achievements. It will also do good for students to be more 22 . All these can make students more 23 than  children who choose to study in domestic (国内的) high schools when applying to U.S. universities. But the expert says 24 children begin senior high school at around 15 or 16, careful preparations should be made to 25 negative effects that may occur when they find themselves in a 26 unfamiliar place. The expert offers two 27 . First, parents should tell their children the purpose of studying in a foreign high school 28 . Second, after the kids go abroad, parents should be kept 29 of their children’s situation and offer care and 30 from home. 16．A．wondering B．considering C．thinking D．expecting 17．A．this B．that C．it D．what 18．A．turn down B．look up C．apply for D．apply to 19．A．because B．although C．unless D．while 20．A．put up B．take up C．turn up D．make up 21．A．telling B．talking C．saying D．speaking 22．A．patient B．careful C．independent D．curious 23．A．valuable B．competitive C．clever D．effective 24．A．since B．until C．even if D．in case 25．A．allow B．predict C．operate D．avoid 26．A．totally B．normally C．specially D．generally. 27．A．ways B．views C．instructions D．suggestions 28．A．in order B．in turn C．in advance D．in return 29．A．told B．informed C．said D．mentioned 30．A．guidance B．effect C．service D．position 【答案】 16．B 17．C 18．C 19．B 20．C 21．C 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．D 26．A 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国孩子在美国读高中的好处以及应该怎样做来避免负面影响的发生。 【详解】16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但现在越来越多的中国父母也在考虑送孩子去美国读高中。A. wondering疑惑；B. considering考虑；C. thinking认为；D. expecting期待。根据上一句“The United States has always been a hot choice for Chinese students to begin their college studies.”可知，很多中国学生到美国去上大学，但由空格后的“sending their kids there for senior high school as well”可知，现在越来越多的中国父母在考虑把孩子送到美国去读高中。故选B项。 17．考查it用法。句意：他们认为这将使他们的孩子以后更容易申请美国的顶尖大学。A. this这个；B. that那个；C. it它；D. what什么。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处应该填入it代替后面的不定式复合结构“for their children to…”，作形式宾语。故选C项。 18．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们认为这将使他们的孩子以后更容易申请美国的顶尖大学。A. turn down拒绝；B. look up查阅；C. apply for申请；D. apply to适用于。根据空格后的“top universities in the United States later”可知，中国父母把孩子送到美国读高中，肯定是为了让孩子后来申请美国顶尖的大学。故选C项。 19．考查连词词义辨析。句意：《文汇报》周日发表的一篇文章称，尽管这种方法有很多优点，但也可能出现一些负面的副作用。A. because因为；B. although虽然；C. unless除非； D. while在……期间。根据下文的“advantages”和“negative side effects ”可知，逗号前后的内容肯定是让步转折关系，所以空格处应该填入一个连词引导让步状语从句。故选B项。 20．考查动词短语辨析。句意：《文汇报》周日发表的一篇文章称，尽管这种方法有很多优点，但也可能出现一些负面的副作用。A. put up张贴；B. take up拿起；C. turn up出现；D. make up化妆。根据句意和空格前的“some negative side effects”可知，此处是说可能出现一些负面的副作用。故选C项。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：文章援引咨询专家张恒瑞的话说，在美国高中学习的经历可以帮助大学更好地识别学生的分数、行为和成就。A. telling告诉；B. talking谈话；C. saying说；D. speaking交谈。根据句意分析句子可知，that从句的内容是文章引用的咨询专家所说的话，所以应该用动词say。故选C项。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这也有利于学生更加独立。A. patient耐心的；B. careful细心的；C. independent独立的；D. curious好奇的。根据空格前的students可知，学生离开父母到美国读高中，这肯定让学生更独立。故选C项。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所有这些都可以使学生在申请美国大学时比选择在国内高中学习的孩子更具竞争力。A. valuable宝贵的；B. competitive有竞争力的；C. clever聪明的；D. effective有效的。根据空格后的“children who choose to study in domestic high schools when applying to U.S. universities.”可知，此处是拿在美国读高中的学生和在国内读高中的学生对比，在美国读高中的学生申请美国的大学时，肯定比选择在国内高中学习的孩子更具竞争力。故选B项。 24．考查连词词义辨析。句意：但专家表示，由于孩子们大约在15岁或16岁开始上高中，所以应该做好仔细的准备，以避免当他们发现自己在一个完全陌生的地方时可能发生的负面影响。A. since因为，既然；B. until直到；C. even if即使；D. in case以防。根据句意分析句子可知，逗号前后的内容是因果关系，所以空格处应该填入一个连词引导原因状语从句。故选A项。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但专家表示，由于孩子们大约在15岁或16岁开始上高中，所以应该做好仔细的准备，以避免当他们发现自己在一个完全陌生的地方时可能发生的负面影响。A. allow允许；B. predict预测；C. operate操作；D. avoid避免。根据空格前的“careful preparations should be made”和空格后的“negative effects”可知，仔细做准备的目的肯定是为了避免产生负面影响。故选D项。 26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但专家表示，由于孩子们大约在15岁或16岁开始上高中，所以应该做好仔细的准备，以避免当他们发现自己在一个完全陌生的地方时可能发生的负面影响。A. totally完全；B. normally正常；C. specially特别；D. generally通常。中国孩子在美国上高中，对他们来说美国当然是完全陌生的地方。故选A项。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：专家提出了两个建议。A. ways方式；B. views观点；C. instructions说明；D. suggestions建议。根据下文的内容可知，下面是专家给的两条建议。故选D项。 28．考查介词短语辨析。句意：首先，父母应该提前告诉孩子在国外高中学习的目的。A. in order按顺序；B. in turn依次；C. in advance提前；D. in return作为回报。根据句意和上一段中的“careful preparations should be made”可知，父母应该提前告诉孩子在国外高中学习的目的。故选C项。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二，孩子出国后，父母应该随时了解孩子的情况，并在家里提供关心和指导。A. told告诉；B. informed通知；C. said说；D. mentioned提到。根据句意和空格前的kept以及空格后的of可知，此处是考查固定搭配keep sb informed of sth（随时让某人了解某事）。故选B项。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二，孩子出国后，父母应该随时了解孩子的情况，并在家里提供关心和指导。A. guidance指导；B. effect效果；C. service服务；D. position职位。根据空格前的care和空格后的from home可知，此处是指父母对孩子的关系和指导。故选A项。 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $