内容正文:
专题15 代词(培优讲义)
内容导航
夯实基础·突破重难·分层提能
考情・分析解读(考题统计 考情解读 备考策略 命题预测)
基础・知识梳理(知识导图 核心梳理)
重难・核心突破(真题再现 解题技巧 考法预测)
重难 01 人称 / 物主 / 反身代词词形转换(语法填空最高频)
重难 02 it 特殊用法(形式主语 / 宾语、固定句型、指代)
重难 03 不定代词辨析(语法填空 + 完形填空双重核心)
拔高・分层集训(基础演练 能力进阶)
一、代词
考情·分析解读
考题统计
核心考点
题型
代词
语法填空
年份
试卷类型
考点
考向
2026
2026·全国I卷
×××
×××
2026·全国II卷
×××
×××
2026·浙江1月
×××
×××
2025
2025·全国I卷
×××
×××
2025·全国II卷
myself
反身代词作宾语(find oneself + adj. 结构)
2025·浙江1月
×××
×××
2024·全国甲卷
its
形容词性物主代词修饰名词
2024·全国乙卷
×××
×××
2024·年浙江1月
ones
不定代词替代复数名词
2023
2023·新课标I卷
their
形容词性物主代词修饰名词
2023·新课标II卷
himself
反身代词用法,句子主语与宾语指代同一主体,动作作用于自身。
2022·全国乙卷
themselves
复数反身代词,主语为群体名词,主语与宾语指代同一群体,动作作用于自身
2022·全国甲卷
it
无提示词填空,it用于固定句式指代特定语境
考情解读
命题规律:
近4年高考英语代词为高频必考语法点,核心考查板块集中在语法填空,辅助考查于短文改错、完形填空,无冷门偏题,命题规律稳定,三大核心考向:
1.提示词词形转换(核心主力考向,占比80%):题干给出主格人称代词(I/we/he/she/they等),要求结合语境变形为宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词,是语法填空最稳定得分点;
2.无提示词填空(难点考向):重点考查it作形式主语、形式宾语的固定句型,偶尔考查语境限定类不定代词,侧重语篇逻辑理解;
3.语境辨析类考向):完形填空高频考查both/either/neither、all/none、other系列易混代词辨析;
高频易错陷阱:名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词混用、反身代词固定搭配误用、替代词one/that/those语境错用。
备考策略
1.完整背诵人称 - 物主 - 反身代词变形表格,根据句子成分、空格后有无名词、主宾语是否同一主体三步判断变形;
2.专项梳理 it 全部固定句式,区分形式主语、形式宾语、强调句型三类场景;
3.对比记忆不定代词分组辨析:两者 vs 多者、other 系列、数量类 few/little/many/much;
4.刷题区分两类题型:有括号提示优先词形转换;无括号提示优先判断 it,再结合语境选不定代词。
命题预测
结合近4年真题命题趋势,2027高考代词考点命题方向稳定,无重大题型变革,三大核心趋势:
1.词形转换常态化:持续以提示词变形为核心,重点考查名词性物主代词、单复数反身代词,贴合语篇语境,不再单纯考查机械变形;
2.it句型成必考难点:无提示词填空优先考查it复合句式(形式主/宾语、固定句型),融合长难句语境,提升解题灵活性;
3.辨析类考点精细化:不定代词、替代词辨析更多融入完形填空与短文改错,侧重逻辑语义判断,规避固化答题套路。
基础・知识梳理
代词
1.人称代词:主格(作主语)、宾格(作动/介宾语)
2.物主代词:形容词性、名词性
3.反身代词:自身动作、by oneself独自、语气强调
1.基础虚指:时间/天气/距离/前文整句指代
2.形式主语:It + be + adj./n./过去分词 + to do/that从句
3.形式宾语:find/think/consider/make + it + 宾补 + 真正宾语
4.高频固定句型:It’s high time等
5.强调句型:It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who(还原法判定)
核
心
分
类
高考三大重难考点
命题规律&易错陷阱
人称/物主/反身代词
It形式主语
不定代词
替代代词
1.Other系列辨析:another/other/the other/others/the others
2.部分/全部否定:not all/not both、neither/none
3.数量限定代词:many/few/a few、much/little/a little
4.复合不定代词:some/any/no/every+body/one/thing
同名同物:it
泛指同类异物:one、ones
特指同类异物:that、those
1. 代词词形转换三步法:看提示→看空格位置→看主宾关系
2. It句型秒杀技巧:无提示词优先判定形式主/宾语、固定句型
3. 不定代词辨析三步法:判数量→判范围→判肯否单复
①高频考向:提示词变形(80%占比)、it无提示填空、语境代词辨析
②核心易错:形物代与名物代混用、反身代词固定搭配误用、替代词混淆
③备考重点:熟记变形表格、固化it句型、精准区分易混不定代词
知识导图
核心梳理
知识1. 人称、物主、反身代词完整变形
1. 基础汇总
主格 (主语)
宾格 (宾语)
形容词性物主代词
(后接名词)
名词性物主代词
(单独使用)
反身代词
I
me
my
mine
myself
you
you
your
yours
yourself/yourselves
he
him
his
his
himself
she
her
her
hers
herself
it
it
its
its
itself
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
2.基础用法规则
(1) 主格只能充当句子主语;宾格作动词宾语、介词宾语,口语中可作表语;
(2) 形容词性物主代词后面必须搭配名词;名词性物主代词单独使用,等同于「形容词性物主代词 + 前文出现过的名词」;
(3) 反身代词三大使用场景:①动作施加于主语自身;②搭配 by oneself 表示 “独自”;③放在名词 / 人称代词之后作同位语,加强主语或宾语语气。
知识2. it代词用法
1. 指代用法(人称代词与虚指)
(1) 特指:指代前文提到的单数事物、小动物、婴儿、不明身份的人
例:Who is knocking? — It’s me.
(2) 虚指:用于表示天气、时间、日期、距离、环境等
例:It’s a 10-minute walk to the station.
(3) 指代前文整句话:it 常用来指代前面整个句子所表达的内容或某种情况
例:He failed the exam, and it made his parents angry.
2. 形式主语
(1)核心结构:It + be + 形容词 / 名词 / 过去分词 + to do sth / doing sth / that 从句。
(2)高频形容词分类:
① 修饰事物(用 for sb.):It is necessary / important / possible for sb. to do...
② 修饰人的品质(用 of sb.):It is kind / clever / foolish / careless of sb. to do...
(3)被动语态结构:
① 普通传闻类(陈述事实,无虚拟):
It is said / reported / believed that...(据说/据报道/人们相信……)。
② 建议命令类(从句虚拟 (should) do):
It is suggested /advised/ordered /required that sb (should) do…
(备注:若 suggest 表示 “表明、暗示”,从句不用虚拟语气)
(4) 动名词特例:It is no use / no good doing sth.(做某事没用/没好处)。
(5) 无 be 动词:It + 不及物动词 + that 从句
It occurs to sb /hits sb/turns out /happens/seems that…(某人突然想到/猛然意识到/结果证明/碰巧/似乎...)
例:It suddenly occurred to me that I left my key at home.
(6) 名词短语固定句型
It is a fact /a pity /a shame /a wonder /one’s duty + to do /that…
例:It is a wonder that he survived the accident.
(7) 时间花费专用句型
It takes/took/will take sb + 时间段 + to do sth.(某人花费多长时间做某事)
例:It takes me an hour to get to school every morning.
3. 形式宾语
(1) 核心结构:主语 + 谓语动词 + it + 宾语补足语 (adj./n.) + 真正宾语 (to do / that从句)。
常考同类动词:find / think / consider / believe / make
例:I find it hard to learn math.
例:We must make it clear that protecting nature is everyone’s duty.
(2) 条件/时间状语从句特例:appreciate / hate / dislike / love / depend on / see to 等动词,不能直接接 if/when/that 从句,必须先加形式宾语 it
例:I'd appreciate it if you could help me.
例:You may depend on it that we will offer you help.
例:I hate it when people talk loudly in libraries.
4. 高频固定句型
①It’s up to you. 由你来决定
②It’s high /about time that...早该做某事... (规则:that 从句谓语用一般过去时或 should(不可省) + 动词原形)
例:It’s high time that we went /should go home.
③It is /has been + 时间段 + since + 一般过去时从句(自从…… 已经多久)
例:It has been five years since we graduated.
④It will be + 时间段 + before + 一般现在时从句(还要过多久才……)
例:It will be two months before we meet again.
5. 强调句型
核心结构:It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 剩余句子。
解题“黄金法则”(还原法):把 It is/was 和 that/who 删掉,如果剩下的词还能重新组合成一个完整且语法正确的句子,那就是强调句;否则就不是。
例:It is hard work that brings us success. (Hard work brings us success.)
知识3. 不定代词核心分类与基础区分
1. 两者 vs 三者及以上
不定代词
区别
基础搭配
both
两者都
both + 复数名词 /both of + 代词
all
三者及以上都(谓语单复取决于后名词)
all+ 名词/ all of +名词/代词
either
两者中任意一个(谓语单数)
either + 单数名词 /either of + 复数代词
neither
两者都不(谓语单数)
Neither+名词单数/ neither of+名词复数/代词复数
none
三者及以上全都不(指代不可数名词 → 谓语只用单数;指代可数复数名词 → 谓语单复数均可)
none of + 复数名词 / 代词
部分否定 vs 全部否定:
① not all / not both = 并非全部/并非两者都(部分否定,意思是“有些是,有些不是”)。
例:All birds can’t fly. = Not all birds can fly.
并非所有鸟儿都会飞。
例:Both answers are not right. = Not both answers are right.
两个答案并非都正确。
② none / neither = 全都不(全部否定,意思是“一个都没有”)。
例:Neither answer is right.
两个答案都不对。
例:None of the flowers bloom in winter.
冬天没有花开放。
2. 高考最高频:other 系列辨析
代词
核心含义
用法/黄金搭配
例句
another
三者及以上中的另一个(泛指,不限定范围)
① another + 单数可数名词②固定公式:another + 数词 + 复数名词 = 数词 + more + 复数名词
1. I don't like this cup. Please show me another one.我不喜欢这个杯子,请再给我拿一个。
2. We need another three days to finish the work.= We need three more days to finish the work.
我们还需要三天才能完成工作。
other
其他的……(泛指,作定语)
后接复数名词或不可数名词,不能单独使用
1.Other students may have different ideas.
其他学生可能有不同的想法。
2. We should learn from other people's experiences.我们应该学习他人的经验。
the other
① 两者中的另一个(特指)② + 复数名词 = 剩余全部
① one..., the other...(一个…… 另一个……,仅限两者)
② the other + 复数名词(某范围内其余所有)
1. I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue.
我有两支笔,一支红的,另一支蓝的。
2.The other students in our class are girls.
我们班其余的学生都是女生。
others
其他的人 / 物(泛指,非全部)
= other + 复数名词,可单独使用
固定搭配:some..., others...(一些…… 另一些……)
1.Some students like reading, others like sports.
一些学生喜欢阅读,另一些喜欢运动。(不是全部,还有别的爱好)
2. We should always be ready to help others.我们应该随时准备帮助他人。
the others
剩余全部(特指某一范围内所有剩下的)
= the other + 复数名词,可单独使用
固定搭配:some..., the others...(一些…… 剩下全部……)
1.Five students in our group are boys, the others are girls.
我们组五个是男生,剩下的全是女生。(组内全部)
2. Some books are on the desk, the others are on the shelf.一些书在桌上,剩下的全在书架上。
3. 复合不定代词
英语中由 some/any/no/every + body/one/thing 构成的复合不定代词,是高考基础必考点,核心规则统一、固定不变:
谓语单数:作主语时谓语动词统一用单数
例:Everyone is here.
修饰后置:形容词或 else 必须后置
例:something important, anyone else.
特殊含义:somebody/someone 在特定语境下可指“大人物、重要人物”
例:He wants to be somebody.
知识 4:替代代词 one/ones/that/those/it
词汇
核心规则
例句+翻译
one泛指单数同类异物
替代 a/an + 单数可数名词同类当中任意一个,≠上文原物
① I need a pen. Can you lend me one?我需要一支笔,你能借我一支(笔)吗?(随便一支笔,不一定是你手上这支)
ones泛指复数
同类异物
替代复数可数名词(泛指)
I prefer green apples rather than red ones.比起红苹果,我更喜欢青苹果。
the one
特指单数同类异物
替代 the + 单数可数名词,常带后置定语
The apple I bought yesterday is bigger than the one you bought.我昨天买的苹果比你买的那个更大。
the ones
特指复数同类异物
替代 the + 复数可数名词,常带后置定语
I like these photos better than the ones you took last week.
比起你上周拍的那些照片,我更喜欢这些。
that特指单数 / 不可数
同类异物
替代 the + 单数可数名词 / 不可数名词常用于比较结构,避免重复
① The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou.北京的天气比广州(的天气)冷。(that=the weather,不可数)② The car here is better than that over there.这边这辆车比那边那辆车好。
those特指复数
同类异物
替代 the + 复数可数名词多用于比较结构
The students in Class One are more active than those in Class Two.一班的学生比二班(的学生)更活跃。(those=the students)
It
同名同物
指代上文提到完全相同的那一个物品
I bought a watch yesterday. It costs 300 yuan.我昨天买了一块手表,它花了 300 元。(it 就是前文那只手表,同一个东西)
知识 5:数量限定不定代词独立用法(高考填空/完形高频)
核心总规则:many/much/few/a few/little/a little 两类数量代词,可作形容词(后接名词),也可单独作代词(无后置名词,替代前文语境名词,直接作主/宾),是高考易混易错点。
1.可数名词专属(修饰/替代可数复数名词)
代词
语义特征
独立代词用法+例句(无后置名词)
many
肯定含义:许多(复数可数)
用法:单独使用,替代前文复数可数名词,可作主语、宾语。
例句:Many people like music, but many don't.(many 替代 many people,作主语)
句意:很多人喜欢音乐,但许多人并不喜欢。
a few
肯定含义:少数、几个(表有、存在)
用法:独立使用,替代前文可数复数名词,表少量数量。
例句:I bought some apples. I'll give you a few.(a few 替代 a few apples,作宾语)
句意:我买了一些苹果,给你几个。
few
否定含义:几乎没有(表数量不足)
用法:独立使用,替代可数复数名词,暗含数量稀缺、近乎没有。
例句:I thought he would come, but few did.(few 替代 few people,作主语)
句意:我以为会有人来,但几乎没人到场。
2.不可数名词专属(修饰/替代不可数名词)
代词
语义特征
独立代词用法+例句(无后置名词)
much
肯定含义:许多(不可数)
用法:单独使用,替代前文时间、金钱、精力等不可数名词,多作宾语。
例句:I don't have much.(much 替代 much money/time,作宾语)
句意:我拥有的并不多。
a little
肯定含义:一点儿、少量(表有、够用)
用法:独立使用,替代糖、水、知识等不可数名词。
例句:Do you need sugar? I have a little.(a little 替代 a little sugar,作宾语)
句意:你需要糖吗?我有一点。
little
否定含义:几乎没有(表匮乏、不足)
用法:独立使用,替代不可数名词,暗含数量极少、近乎没有。
例句:He said he knew English, but he knew little.(little 替代 little English,作宾语)
句意:他说自己懂英语,但其实几乎一窍不通。
重难・核心突破
重难01 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词
【真题再现】
1.(2025 新高考 II 卷) Over time, I’ve found ____ (I) feeling extremely at home here.
2.(2024・全国甲卷) They wondered out loud. This area, with ______ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park.
3.(2023・新课标 Ⅰ 卷) Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of ______ (they) contents.
4.(2021 新高考 I 卷) As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____ (I).
【解题技巧】
1.看提示词:括号给出 I/you/he/she/it/we/they(主格人称代词);
2.看空格后词汇:
(1)空格后紧跟名词 → 变形为形容词性物主代词(my/your/their 等);
(2)空格后无名词,单独作宾语 / 表语 → 变形为名词性物主代词(mine/yours/theirs);
3.判断指代关系:句子主语与空格宾语指代同一人 / 群体,搭配 by/enjoy/believe in/hurt 等动词 → 变形为反身代词。
【考法预测】
1.(2026・广东省广州市高三 8 月阶段训练)Kids should learn to take care of _______ (they) from an early age.
2.(2026・湖北省武汉市九师联盟高三开学测)The museum shows all _______ (it) collections about ancient Chinese poetry to visitors free of charge.
重难02 it 的特殊句式(无提示词填空核心考点)
【经典例题】
1.(2026 名校模拟)______ is common that people develop good habits in daily life.
2.(2026 名校模拟)We think ______ meaningful to inherit traditional Chinese culture.
【解题技巧】
无提示词空格,符合以下场景,直接判定填it:
1. 形式主语:句首设空,It + be + adj./n. + to do/that从句;
2. 形式宾语:find/think/consider/make后设空,it+adj.+to do真正宾语;
3. 虚指用法:指代天气、时间、距离、环境、前文整句话;
4. 固定高频句型:It occurred to sb that…/It’s no use doing…/It’s high time that…等讲义原句句型。
【考法预测】
1.(2026・湖南省高三阶段性检测一)_______ suddenly occurred to me that I had left my notebook on the city bus.
2.(2025 八省联考卷)We all think _______ necessary to keep a daily reading habit.
3.(2026・广州二模) Appealing online photos and videos of the dish stimulate local people’s appetite and arouse their curiosity, driving them to give ______ a try.
重难03 不定代词语境辨析
【经典例题】
1.(2026名校模拟)I have two hobbies. I love singing and painting, and ______ of them makes me relaxed.
2.(2026高频模拟经典题)Some students prefer reading indoors, while ______ choose outdoor sports.
【解题技巧】
1. 锁定范围关键词:two → both/either/neither;three/many/all → all/none/another;
2. 观察空格后是否有名词:后接名词用other;单独泛指非全部用others;两者特指另一个用the other;范围内剩余全部用the others;
3. 判断句子肯定 / 否定含义:neither/none 表全部否定;both/all 表全部肯定。
【考法预测】
1.All the students took part in the sports meeting; ______ missed it.
2. ______ of the two debate teams won the match; they both got equal scores.
重难 04 替代代词 one/ones/that/those/it 精准辨析
【经典例题】
1.(2024 新高考II卷改编)The lifestyle of urban youth is quite different from ______ of rural youth.
2.(经典真题)I prefer modern houses to old ______.
3.(名校模拟)The watch I bought yesterday is cheaper than ______ I have had for years.
【解题技巧】
1. it(同名同物):严格指代上文出现的完全同一个事物,无替换、无泛指;
2. one/ones(泛指同类异物):one代单数可数、ones代复数可数,对应 a/an + 名词,无明确限定范围;
3. that/those(特指同类异物):that代单数/不可数、those代复数,对应 the + 名词,专属比较结构,规避重复;
4. 核心秒杀口诀:同物用 it;无后置定语泛指可数用 one/ones;带后置定语特指可数名词用 the one/the ones;比较结构替代不可数 / 抽象名词用 that、复数用 those。
【考法预测】
1. The new teaching methods are more effective than ______ used in the past.
2. I don’t like this coat. Can you show me another ______?
重难 05 数量限定不定代词独立用法
【经典例题】
1.(2025 高三名校改编)He has made plenty of mistakes, but ______ are serious.
2.(名校模拟)We need some fresh water, but there is ______ left in the bottle.
3.(名校模拟)Many students volunteered to help, and ______ brought handmade gifts.
【解题技巧】
1. 第一步判单复:语境是人/可数复数 → 锁定 many/few/a few;水、时间、金钱、耐心等物质/抽象不可数名词 → 锁定 much/little/a little;
2. 第二步判肯否:表“有、够用”→ many/much/a few/a little;表“无、不足”→ few/little;
3. 第三步看结构:无后置名词、直接作主/宾语 → 纯代词独立用法。
【考法预测】
1. The task requires much patience, but I have ______ to spare.
2. Most of the guests left early, only ______ stayed for dinner.
拔高・分层集训
基础演练
1.(2026・湖南高三阶段性检测)When we travel abroad, we should respect ______ (we) local customs and traditional culture.
2.(2026・广州高三8月阶段训练)The cat licked ______ (it) fur clean after running outside all afternoon.
3.(2026・河北衡水高三开学考)Don’t worry about the little kids; they are old enough to look after ______ (they).
4.(2025 八省联考卷)______ is a great pleasure to share traditional Chinese culture with foreign young friends.
5.(2025・杭州七彩阳光联盟)I have two pens. One is black, ______ is light blue.
6.(2025浙江1月改编)Few participants fully understood the research plan, so ______ agreed to carry it out.
7.(2026・成都高三摸底)This notebook isn’t mine; it’s ______ (she).
8.(2025全国II卷改编)You can try ______ of the two experimental methods; both of them work well.
9.(2026・山东潍坊高三月考)We find ______ relaxing to listen to soft light music after finishing study.
10.(2025江苏新高考模拟)Some students choose online learning, while ______ prefer offline classroom courses.
11.(2026・河南高三联考)Every student should show ______ (they) respect for teachers and school staff.
12.(2025・江西重点中学联考)I have lost my key. Could you lend me ______ (you)?
13.(2026・辽宁高三质检)______ is no good complaining about what you can’t change.
14.(2025・湖南长郡中学月考)There are many trees on ______ side of the street.
15.(2026・山西高三摸底)The little girl taught ______ (she) to read and write at an early age.
能力进阶
1.(2026・湖北荆州中学月考)Everyone in the group should take full responsibility for ______ (they) own assigned tasks.
2.(2026・武汉九师联盟)The veteran artist devoted all ______ (he) spare time to painting rural natural scenery.
3.(2025・金华一中月考)It’s dangerous to go mountain hiking by ______ (you) without enough food and water supplies.
4.(2026・重庆高三诊断)______ never crossed my mind that I would win the national English speech competition.
5.(2025・山东青岛联考)There are three roads ahead of us. This path is blocked, so take ______.
6.(2026・福州高三质检)Two improvement plans were put forward, but ______ was accepted by the head teacher.
7.(2025全国甲卷改编)The natural scenery in Guilin is more attractive than ______ in northern inland cities.
8.(2026・西安高三月考)I don’t have enough writing pens, so I need to buy ______.
9.(2025八省联考改编)We consider ______ a basic social duty to protect wild animals around us.
10.(2026・天津高三期末)Fresh seasonal fruits are on sale today, including apples, bananas and ______.
11.(2025・广东高三六校联考)I’d appreciate ______ if you could give me some advice on my application essay.
12.(2026・江苏南通高三调研)The cars made in China are better than ______ imported from abroad.
13.(2025・四川成都七中月考)Not ______ of the students passed the difficult exam; about half failed.
14.(2026・浙江高三模拟)She made ______ clear that she would stick to her original dream.
15.(2025・北京人大附中月考)I have read several novels, but ______ is as impressive as this one.
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专题15 代词(培优讲义)
内容导航
夯实基础·突破重难·分层提能
考情・分析解读(考题统计 考情解读 备考策略 命题预测)
基础・知识梳理(知识导图 核心梳理)
重难・核心突破(真题再现 解题技巧 考法预测)
重难 01 人称 / 物主 / 反身代词词形转换(语法填空最高频)
重难 02 it 特殊用法(形式主语 / 宾语、固定句型、指代)
重难 03 不定代词辨析(语法填空 + 完形填空双重核心)
拔高・分层集训(基础演练 能力进阶)
一、代词
考情·分析解读
考题统计
核心考点
题型
代词
语法填空
年份
试卷类型
考点
考向
2026
2026·全国I卷
×××
×××
2026·全国II卷
×××
×××
2026·浙江1月
×××
×××
2025
2025·全国I卷
×××
×××
2025·全国II卷
myself
反身代词作宾语(find oneself + adj. 结构)
2025·浙江1月
×××
×××
2024·全国甲卷
its
形容词性物主代词修饰名词
2024·全国乙卷
×××
×××
2024·年浙江1月
ones
不定代词替代复数名词
2023
2023·新课标I卷
their
形容词性物主代词修饰名词
2023·新课标II卷
himself
反身代词用法,句子主语与宾语指代同一主体,动作作用于自身。
2022·全国乙卷
themselves
复数反身代词,主语为群体名词,主语与宾语指代同一群体,动作作用于自身
2022·全国甲卷
it
无提示词填空,it用于固定句式指代特定语境
考情解读
命题规律:
近4年高考英语代词为高频必考语法点,核心考查板块集中在语法填空,辅助考查于短文改错、完形填空,无冷门偏题,命题规律稳定,三大核心考向:
1.提示词词形转换(核心主力考向,占比80%):题干给出主格人称代词(I/we/he/she/they等),要求结合语境变形为宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词,是语法填空最稳定得分点;
2.无提示词填空(难点考向):重点考查it作形式主语、形式宾语的固定句型,偶尔考查语境限定类不定代词,侧重语篇逻辑理解;
3.语境辨析类考向):完形填空高频考查both/either/neither、all/none、other系列易混代词辨析;
高频易错陷阱:名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词混用、反身代词固定搭配误用、替代词one/that/those语境错用。
备考策略
1.完整背诵人称 - 物主 - 反身代词变形表格,根据句子成分、空格后有无名词、主宾语是否同一主体三步判断变形;
2.专项梳理 it 全部固定句式,区分形式主语、形式宾语、强调句型三类场景;
3.对比记忆不定代词分组辨析:两者 vs 多者、other 系列、数量类 few/little/many/much;
4.刷题区分两类题型:有括号提示优先词形转换;无括号提示优先判断 it,再结合语境选不定代词。
命题预测
结合近4年真题命题趋势,2027高考代词考点命题方向稳定,无重大题型变革,三大核心趋势:
1.词形转换常态化:持续以提示词变形为核心,重点考查名词性物主代词、单复数反身代词,贴合语篇语境,不再单纯考查机械变形;
2.it句型成必考难点:无提示词填空优先考查it复合句式(形式主/宾语、固定句型),融合长难句语境,提升解题灵活性;
3.辨析类考点精细化:不定代词、替代词辨析更多融入完形填空与短文改错,侧重逻辑语义判断,规避固化答题套路。
基础・知识梳理
代词
1.人称代词:主格(作主语)、宾格(作动/介宾语)
2.物主代词:形容词性、名词性
3.反身代词:自身动作、by oneself独自、语气强调
1.基础虚指:时间/天气/距离/前文整句指代
2.形式主语:It + be + adj./n./过去分词 + to do/that从句
3.形式宾语:find/think/consider/make + it + 宾补 + 真正宾语
4.高频固定句型:It’s high time等
5.强调句型:It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who(还原法判定)
核
心
分
类
高考三大重难考点
命题规律&易错陷阱
人称/物主/反身代词
It形式主语
不定代词
替代代词
1.Other系列辨析:another/other/the other/others/the others
2.部分/全部否定:not all/not both、neither/none
3.数量限定代词:many/few/a few、much/little/a little
4.复合不定代词:some/any/no/every+body/one/thing
同名同物:it
泛指同类异物:one、ones
特指同类异物:that、those
1. 代词词形转换三步法:看提示→看空格位置→看主宾关系
2. It句型秒杀技巧:无提示词优先判定形式主/宾语、固定句型
3. 不定代词辨析三步法:判数量→判范围→判肯否单复
①高频考向:提示词变形(80%占比)、it无提示填空、语境代词辨析
②核心易错:形物代与名物代混用、反身代词固定搭配误用、替代词混淆
③备考重点:熟记变形表格、固化it句型、精准区分易混不定代词
知识导图
核心梳理
知识1. 人称、物主、反身代词完整变形
1. 基础汇总
主格 (主语)
宾格 (宾语)
形容词性物主代词
(后接名词)
名词性物主代词
(单独使用)
反身代词
I
me
my
mine
myself
you
you
your
yours
yourself/yourselves
he
him
his
his
himself
she
her
her
hers
herself
it
it
its
its
itself
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
2.基础用法规则
(1) 主格只能充当句子主语;宾格作动词宾语、介词宾语,口语中可作表语;
(2) 形容词性物主代词后面必须搭配名词;名词性物主代词单独使用,等同于「形容词性物主代词 + 前文出现过的名词」;
(3) 反身代词三大使用场景:①动作施加于主语自身;②搭配 by oneself 表示 “独自”;③放在名词 / 人称代词之后作同位语,加强主语或宾语语气。
知识2. it代词用法
1. 指代用法(人称代词与虚指)
(1) 特指:指代前文提到的单数事物、小动物、婴儿、不明身份的人
例:Who is knocking? — It’s me.
(2) 虚指:用于表示天气、时间、日期、距离、环境等
例:It’s a 10-minute walk to the station.
(3) 指代前文整句话:it 常用来指代前面整个句子所表达的内容或某种情况
例:He failed the exam, and it made his parents angry.
2. 形式主语
(1)核心结构:It + be + 形容词 / 名词 / 过去分词 + to do sth / doing sth / that 从句。
(2)高频形容词分类:
① 修饰事物(用 for sb.):It is necessary / important / possible for sb. to do...
② 修饰人的品质(用 of sb.):It is kind / clever / foolish / careless of sb. to do...
(3)被动语态结构:
① 普通传闻类(陈述事实,无虚拟):
It is said / reported / believed that...(据说/据报道/人们相信……)。
② 建议命令类(从句虚拟 (should) do):
It is suggested /advised/ordered /required that sb (should) do…
(备注:若 suggest 表示 “表明、暗示”,从句不用虚拟语气)
(4) 动名词特例:It is no use / no good doing sth.(做某事没用/没好处)。
(5) 无 be 动词:It + 不及物动词 + that 从句
It occurs to sb /hits sb/turns out /happens/seems that…(某人突然想到/猛然意识到/结果证明/碰巧/似乎...)
例:It suddenly occurred to me that I left my key at home.
(6) 名词短语固定句型
It is a fact /a pity /a shame /a wonder /one’s duty + to do /that…
例:It is a wonder that he survived the accident.
(7) 时间花费专用句型
It takes/took/will take sb + 时间段 + to do sth.(某人花费多长时间做某事)
例:It takes me an hour to get to school every morning.
3. 形式宾语
(1) 核心结构:主语 + 谓语动词 + it + 宾语补足语 (adj./n.) + 真正宾语 (to do / that从句)。
常考同类动词:find / think / consider / believe / make
例:I find it hard to learn math.
例:We must make it clear that protecting nature is everyone’s duty.
(2) 条件/时间状语从句特例:appreciate / hate / dislike / love / depend on / see to 等动词,不能直接接 if/when/that 从句,必须先加形式宾语 it
例:I'd appreciate it if you could help me.
例:You may depend on it that we will offer you help.
例:I hate it when people talk loudly in libraries.
4. 高频固定句型
①It’s up to you. 由你来决定
②It’s high /about time that...早该做某事... (规则:that 从句谓语用一般过去时或 should(不可省) + 动词原形)
例:It’s high time that we went /should go home.
③It is /has been + 时间段 + since + 一般过去时从句(自从…… 已经多久)
例:It has been five years since we graduated.
④It will be + 时间段 + before + 一般现在时从句(还要过多久才……)
例:It will be two months before we meet again.
5. 强调句型
核心结构:It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 剩余句子。
解题“黄金法则”(还原法):把 It is/was 和 that/who 删掉,如果剩下的词还能重新组合成一个完整且语法正确的句子,那就是强调句;否则就不是。
例:It is hard work that brings us success. (Hard work brings us success.)
知识3. 不定代词核心分类与基础区分
1. 两者 vs 三者及以上
不定代词
区别
基础搭配
both
两者都
both + 复数名词 /both of + 代词
all
三者及以上都(谓语单复取决于后名词)
all+ 名词/ all of +名词/代词
either
两者中任意一个(谓语单数)
either + 单数名词 /either of + 复数代词
neither
两者都不(谓语单数)
Neither+名词单数/ neither of+名词复数/代词复数
none
三者及以上全都不(指代不可数名词 → 谓语只用单数;指代可数复数名词 → 谓语单复数均可)
none of + 复数名词 / 代词
部分否定 vs 全部否定:
① not all / not both = 并非全部/并非两者都(部分否定,意思是“有些是,有些不是”)。
例:All birds can’t fly. = Not all birds can fly.
并非所有鸟儿都会飞。
例:Both answers are not right. = Not both answers are right.
两个答案并非都正确。
② none / neither = 全都不(全部否定,意思是“一个都没有”)。
例:Neither answer is right.
两个答案都不对。
例:None of the flowers bloom in winter.
冬天没有花开放。
2. 高考最高频:other 系列辨析
代词
核心含义
用法/黄金搭配
例句
another
三者及以上中的另一个(泛指,不限定范围)
① another + 单数可数名词②固定公式:another + 数词 + 复数名词 = 数词 + more + 复数名词
1. I don't like this cup. Please show me another one.我不喜欢这个杯子,请再给我拿一个。
2. We need another three days to finish the work.= We need three more days to finish the work.
我们还需要三天才能完成工作。
other
其他的……(泛指,作定语)
后接复数名词或不可数名词,不能单独使用
1.Other students may have different ideas.
其他学生可能有不同的想法。
2. We should learn from other people's experiences.我们应该学习他人的经验。
the other
① 两者中的另一个(特指)② + 复数名词 = 剩余全部
① one..., the other...(一个…… 另一个……,仅限两者)
② the other + 复数名词(某范围内其余所有)
1. I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue.
我有两支笔,一支红的,另一支蓝的。
2.The other students in our class are girls.
我们班其余的学生都是女生。
others
其他的人 / 物(泛指,非全部)
= other + 复数名词,可单独使用
固定搭配:some..., others...(一些…… 另一些……)
1.Some students like reading, others like sports.
一些学生喜欢阅读,另一些喜欢运动。(不是全部,还有别的爱好)
2. We should always be ready to help others.我们应该随时准备帮助他人。
the others
剩余全部(特指某一范围内所有剩下的)
= the other + 复数名词,可单独使用
固定搭配:some..., the others...(一些…… 剩下全部……)
1.Five students in our group are boys, the others are girls.
我们组五个是男生,剩下的全是女生。(组内全部)
2. Some books are on the desk, the others are on the shelf.一些书在桌上,剩下的全在书架上。
3. 复合不定代词
英语中由 some/any/no/every + body/one/thing 构成的复合不定代词,是高考基础必考点,核心规则统一、固定不变:
谓语单数:作主语时谓语动词统一用单数
例:Everyone is here.
修饰后置:形容词或 else 必须后置
例:something important, anyone else.
特殊含义:somebody/someone 在特定语境下可指“大人物、重要人物”
例:He wants to be somebody.
知识 4:替代代词 one/ones/that/those/it
词汇
核心规则
例句+翻译
one泛指单数同类异物
替代 a/an + 单数可数名词同类当中任意一个,≠上文原物
① I need a pen. Can you lend me one?我需要一支笔,你能借我一支(笔)吗?(随便一支笔,不一定是你手上这支)
ones泛指复数
同类异物
替代复数可数名词(泛指)
I prefer green apples rather than red ones.比起红苹果,我更喜欢青苹果。
the one
特指单数同类异物
替代 the + 单数可数名词,常带后置定语
The apple I bought yesterday is bigger than the one you bought.我昨天买的苹果比你买的那个更大。
the ones
特指复数同类异物
替代 the + 复数可数名词,常带后置定语
I like these photos better than the ones you took last week.
比起你上周拍的那些照片,我更喜欢这些。
that特指单数 / 不可数
同类异物
替代 the + 单数可数名词 / 不可数名词常用于比较结构,避免重复
① The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou.北京的天气比广州(的天气)冷。(that=the weather,不可数)② The car here is better than that over there.这边这辆车比那边那辆车好。
those特指复数
同类异物
替代 the + 复数可数名词多用于比较结构
The students in Class One are more active than those in Class Two.一班的学生比二班(的学生)更活跃。(those=the students)
It
同名同物
指代上文提到完全相同的那一个物品
I bought a watch yesterday. It costs 300 yuan.我昨天买了一块手表,它花了 300 元。(it 就是前文那只手表,同一个东西)
知识 5:数量限定不定代词独立用法(高考填空/完形高频)
核心总规则:many/much/few/a few/little/a little 两类数量代词,可作形容词(后接名词),也可单独作代词(无后置名词,替代前文语境名词,直接作主/宾),是高考易混易错点。
1.可数名词专属(修饰/替代可数复数名词)
代词
语义特征
独立代词用法+例句(无后置名词)
many
肯定含义:许多(复数可数)
用法:单独使用,替代前文复数可数名词,可作主语、宾语。
例句:Many people like music, but many don't.(many 替代 many people,作主语)
句意:很多人喜欢音乐,但许多人并不喜欢。
a few
肯定含义:少数、几个(表有、存在)
用法:独立使用,替代前文可数复数名词,表少量数量。
例句:I bought some apples. I'll give you a few.(a few 替代 a few apples,作宾语)
句意:我买了一些苹果,给你几个。
few
否定含义:几乎没有(表数量不足)
用法:独立使用,替代可数复数名词,暗含数量稀缺、近乎没有。
例句:I thought he would come, but few did.(few 替代 few people,作主语)
句意:我以为会有人来,但几乎没人到场。
2.不可数名词专属(修饰/替代不可数名词)
代词
语义特征
独立代词用法+例句(无后置名词)
much
肯定含义:许多(不可数)
用法:单独使用,替代前文时间、金钱、精力等不可数名词,多作宾语。
例句:I don't have much.(much 替代 much money/time,作宾语)
句意:我拥有的并不多。
a little
肯定含义:一点儿、少量(表有、够用)
用法:独立使用,替代糖、水、知识等不可数名词。
例句:Do you need sugar? I have a little.(a little 替代 a little sugar,作宾语)
句意:你需要糖吗?我有一点。
little
否定含义:几乎没有(表匮乏、不足)
用法:独立使用,替代不可数名词,暗含数量极少、近乎没有。
例句:He said he knew English, but he knew little.(little 替代 little English,作宾语)
句意:他说自己懂英语,但其实几乎一窍不通。
重难・核心突破
重难01 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词
【真题再现】
1.(2025 新高考 II 卷) Over time, I’ve found ____ (I) feeling extremely at home here.
【答案】myself
【解析】固定结构 find oneself doing sth 发现自己处于某种状态,主语是 I,对应的反身代词为 myself。
2.(2024・全国甲卷) They wondered out loud. This area, with ______ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park.
【答案】its
【解析】空格后为名词短语 natural beauty,需要形容词性物主代词作定语,it 的形容词性物主代词是 its,意为 “它独特的自然风光”。
3.(2023・新课标 Ⅰ 卷) Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of ______ (they) contents.
【答案】their
【解析】空格后是名词 contents,前面需要形容词性物主代词修饰,指代前文的小笼包,they 的形容词性物主代词为 their。
4.(2021 新高考 I 卷) As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____ (I).
【答案】mine
【解析】原句子逻辑:It sure does in my memory,空格后面无名词,需要名词性物主代词。名词性物主代词 = my memory。 mine = my memory
【解题技巧】
1.看提示词:括号给出 I/you/he/she/it/we/they(主格人称代词);
2.看空格后词汇:
(1)空格后紧跟名词 → 变形为形容词性物主代词(my/your/their 等);
(2)空格后无名词,单独作宾语 / 表语 → 变形为名词性物主代词(mine/yours/theirs);
3.判断指代关系:句子主语与空格宾语指代同一人 / 群体,搭配 by/enjoy/believe in/hurt 等动词 → 变形为反身代词。
【考法预测】
1.(2026・广东省广州市高三 8 月阶段训练)Kids should learn to take care of _______ (they) from an early age.
【答案】themselves
【解析】主语 kids 与宾语指代同一群体,使用复数反身代词。句意:孩子们应当从小学会照顾自己。
2.(2026・湖北省武汉市九师联盟高三开学测)The museum shows all _______ (it) collections about ancient Chinese poetry to visitors free of charge.
【答案】its
【解析】修饰名词 collections,用形容词性物主代词 its。句意:这家博物馆免费向游客展出全部馆藏中国古诗文物。
重难02 it 的特殊句式(无提示词填空核心考点)
【经典例题】
1.(2026 名校模拟)______ is common that people develop good habits in daily life.
【答案】It
【解析】考查it作形式主语,固定句型It is + adj. + that从句,it指代后方完整从句,句首大写。句意:人们在日常生活中养成好习惯是很普遍的。
2.(2026 名校模拟)We think ______ meaningful to inherit traditional Chinese culture.
【答案】it
【解析】考查it作形式宾语,真正宾语为后置不定式to inherit...。句意:我们认为传承中国传统文化意义重大。
【解题技巧】
无提示词空格,符合以下场景,直接判定填it:
1. 形式主语:句首设空,It + be + adj./n. + to do/that从句;
2. 形式宾语:find/think/consider/make后设空,it+adj.+to do真正宾语;
3. 虚指用法:指代天气、时间、距离、环境、前文整句话;
4. 固定高频句型:It occurred to sb that…/It’s no use doing…/It’s high time that…等讲义原句句型。
【考法预测】
1.(2026・湖南省高三阶段性检测一)_______ suddenly occurred to me that I had left my notebook on the city bus.
【答案】It
【解析】固定句式 It occurred to sb that… 某人突然想起某事。句意:我突然意识到我把笔记本落在城市公交上了。
2.(2025 八省联考卷)We all think _______ necessary to keep a daily reading habit.
【答案】it
【解析】it 充当形式宾语,真正宾语为 to keep a daily reading habit。句意:我们都认为保持每日阅读习惯十分必要。
3.(2026・广州二模) Appealing online photos and videos of the dish stimulate local people’s appetite and arouse their curiosity, driving them to give ______ a try.
【答案】it
【解析】固定搭配 give it a try,意为 “试一试”;代词 it 指代句中的 the dish(这道菜)。
重难03 不定代词语境辨析
【经典例题】
1.(2026名校模拟)I have two hobbies. I love singing and painting, and ______ of them makes me relaxed.
【答案】either
【解析】限定两者范围,either表示“两者任一”,谓语动词用单数,贴合语境。句意:我有两个爱好,唱歌和绘画,两者中任意一个都能让我放松。
2.(2026高频模拟经典题)Some students prefer reading indoors, while ______ choose outdoor sports.
【答案】others
【解析】考查固定搭配some...others...,泛指“一些……另一些……”,others单独使用不接名词。句意:一部分学生喜欢室内阅读,另一部分学生选择户外运动。
【解题技巧】
1. 锁定范围关键词:two → both/either/neither;three/many/all → all/none/another;
2. 观察空格后是否有名词:后接名词用other;单独泛指非全部用others;两者特指另一个用the other;范围内剩余全部用the others;
3. 判断句子肯定 / 否定含义:neither/none 表全部否定;both/all 表全部肯定。
【考法预测】
1.All the students took part in the sports meeting; ______ missed it.
【答案】none
【解析】all指代三者及以上,全部否定用none(no one仅指人,none可指代人/物)。句意:所有学生都参加了运动会,没有人缺席。
2. ______ of the two debate teams won the match; they both got equal scores.
【答案】neither
【解析】句中明确限定two debate teams(两者范围),结合后半句“两队得分相同、均未取胜”的语境,用neither表“两者都不”,谓语动词默认单数,精准匹配讲义两者否定辨析规则。句意:两支辩论队都没有赢得比赛,两队得分持平。
重难 04 替代代词 one/ones/that/those/it 精准辨析
【经典例题】
1.(2024 新高考II卷改编)The lifestyle of urban youth is quite different from ______ of rural youth.
【答案】that
【解析】核心规则:比较结构中,that 特指替代the + 不可数/单数可数名词,此处替代单数不可数名词 lifestyle,同类异物、规避名词重复,是高考比较句式必考用法。句意:城市青年的生活方式与农村青年的生活方式大不相同。
2.(经典真题)I prefer modern houses to old ______.
【答案】ones
【解析】ones 替代泛指复数可数名词,此处替代 houses,表同类异物、泛指同类事物,无特指范围。句意:比起老式房子,我更喜欢现代化的房子。
3.(名校模拟)The watch I bought yesterday is cheaper than ______ I have had for years.
【答案】the one
【解析】the one 替代特指单数可数名词,后面带有后置定语 I have had for years;one 表泛指,that 一般不修饰带前置形容词的单数可数名词。句意:我昨天买的这块手表比我戴了多年的那一块便宜。
【解题技巧】
1. it(同名同物):严格指代上文出现的完全同一个事物,无替换、无泛指;
2. one/ones(泛指同类异物):one代单数可数、ones代复数可数,对应 a/an + 名词,无明确限定范围;
3. that/those(特指同类异物):that代单数/不可数、those代复数,对应 the + 名词,专属比较结构,规避重复;
4. 核心秒杀口诀:同物用 it;无后置定语泛指可数用 one/ones;带后置定语特指可数名词用 the one/the ones;比较结构替代不可数 / 抽象名词用 that、复数用 those。
【考法预测】
1. The new teaching methods are more effective than ______ used in the past.
【答案】those
【解析】替代特指复数名词 the methods,比较结构专用 those。句意:新的教学方法比过去使用的那些方法更高效。
2. I don’t like this coat. Can you show me another ______?
【答案】one
【解析】泛指一件同类外套,同类异物,用 one 替代 a coat。句意:我不喜欢这件外套,能再给我看一件吗?
重难 05 数量限定不定代词独立用法
【经典例题】
1.(2025 高三名校改编)He has made plenty of mistakes, but ______ are serious.
【答案】few
【解析】可数否定用法:few 独立作代词,替代复数名词 mistakes,表“几乎没有”,含否定语义,匹配前文转折语境。句意:他犯了很多错误,但几乎没有严重的。
2.(名校模拟)We need some fresh water, but there is ______ left in the bottle.
【答案】little
【解析】不可数否定用法:little 独立替代不可数名词 water,表“几乎没有”,否定含义,适配语境。句意:我们需要淡水,但瓶子里几乎不剩水了。
3.(名校模拟)Many students volunteered to help, and ______ brought handmade gifts.
【答案】many
【解析】many 独立作代词,替代前文可数复数名词 students,表“许多人”,肯定含义,无需后置名词。句意:很多学生自愿前来帮忙,许多人还带来了手工礼物。
【解题技巧】
1. 第一步判单复:语境是人/可数复数 → 锁定 many/few/a few;水、时间、金钱、耐心等物质/抽象不可数名词 → 锁定 much/little/a little;
2. 第二步判肯否:表“有、够用”→ many/much/a few/a little;表“无、不足”→ few/little;
3. 第三步看结构:无后置名词、直接作主/宾语 → 纯代词独立用法。
【考法预测】
1. The task requires much patience, but I have ______ to spare.
【答案】little
【解析】不可数名词 patience,转折语境表否定,little 独立代词表“几乎没有”。句意:这项任务需要极大的耐心,但我几乎抽不出多余精力。
2. Most of the guests left early, only ______ stayed for dinner.
【答案】a few
【解析】可数名词 guests,肯定语境表“少数几个”,a few 独立作代词。句意:大多数客人早早离开了,只有几位留下来吃晚饭。
拔高・分层集训
基础演练
1.(2026・湖南高三阶段性检测)When we travel abroad, we should respect ______ (we) local customs and traditional culture.
【答案】our
【解析】知识1|形容词性物主代词修饰后置名词customs,作定语限定归属。句意:出国旅行时,我们应当尊重当地的风俗与传统文化。
2.(2026・广州高三8月阶段训练)The cat licked ______ (it) fur clean after running outside all afternoon.
【答案】its
【解析】知识1|形物代修饰名词fur,区分易错点it’s(it is缩写)。句意:小猫在外跑了一下午,把自己的毛舔干净了。
3.(2026・河北衡水高三开学考)Don’t worry about the little kids; they are old enough to look after ______ (they).
【答案】themselves
【解析】知识1|主语kids与宾语指代同一群体,用复数反身代词,表“自我照料”。句意:别担心孩子们,他们已经长大,能照顾自己了。
4.(2025 八省联考卷)______ is a great pleasure to share traditional Chinese culture with foreign young friends.
【答案】It
【解析】知识2|it作形式主语,真正主语为后方to do不定式,匹配讲义核心句型。句意:和外国青年分享中国传统文化是一件十分愉快的事。
5.(2025・杭州七彩阳光联盟)I have two pens. One is black, ______ is light blue.
【答案】the other
【解析】知识3|one...the other...固定搭配,特指两者中的另一个。句意:我有两支钢笔,一支黑色,另一支浅蓝。
6.(2025浙江1月改编)Few participants fully understood the research plan, so ______ agreed to carry it out.
【答案】few
【解析】知识3|few 修饰可数名词复数,表“几乎没有人”,贴合前文 few participants 语境,语义一致、逻辑严谨,适配高考语境逻辑考法。句意:几乎没有参与者完全看懂这份研究方案,因此几乎没人同意实施。
7.(2026・成都高三摸底)This notebook isn’t mine; it’s ______ (she).
【答案】hers
【解析】知识1|名词性物主代词单独作表语,hers=her notebook,无需后接名词。句意:这本笔记本不是我的,是她的。
8.(2025全国II卷改编)You can try ______ of the two experimental methods; both of them work well.
【答案】either
【解析】知识3|明确限定两者范围,either of + 复数名词表“两者任选其一”,为高考固定结构。句意:两种实验方法你都可以尝试,两种效果都很好。
9.(2026・山东潍坊高三月考)We find ______ relaxing to listen to soft light music after finishing study.
【答案】it
【解析】知识2|it作形式宾语,find+it+adj.+to do核心结构,真正宾语为后置不定式。句意:我们发现学习结束后听轻音乐十分放松。
10.(2025江苏新高考模拟)Some students choose online learning, while ______ prefer offline classroom courses.
【答案】others
【解析】知识3|some...others...固定搭配,泛指“一些……另一些……(非全部)”。句意:一部分学生选择线上学习,另一部分更喜欢线下课堂。
11.(2026・河南高三联考)Every student should show ______ (they) respect for teachers and school staff.
【答案】their
【解析】知识1|不定代词every student作主语,通用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词。句意:每位学生都应该尊重老师和学校工作人员。
12.(2025・江西重点中学联考)I have lost my key. Could you lend me ______ (you)?
【答案】yours
【解析】知识1|名物代单独使用,yours=your key,避免名词重复。句意:我钥匙丢了,能借你的用一下吗?
13.(2026・辽宁高三质检)______ is no good complaining about what you can’t change.
【答案】It
【解析】知识2|高考固定句型 It is no good doing sth.(做某事毫无意义),it 作形式主语,真正主语为后方动名词。句意:抱怨自己无法改变的事情是没有用的。
14.(2025・湖南长郡中学月考)There are many trees on ______ side of the street.
【答案】either
【解析】知识3|街道隐含两边范围,either修饰单数名词,表“两者任意一边”。句意:街道的任意一边都有很多树木。
15.(2026・山西高三摸底)The little girl taught ______ (she) to read and write at an early age.
【答案】herself
【解析】知识1|主语与宾语同指一人,反身代词表“自学、独自完成”。句意:这个小女孩小小年纪就自学读写。
能力进阶
1.(2026・湖北荆州中学月考)Everyone in the group should take full responsibility for ______ (they) own assigned tasks.
【答案】their
【解析】知识1|不定代词everyone后通用their作形物代,修饰名词tasks,为高考高频用法。句意:小组内每个人都要对自己分配到的任务全权负责。
2.(2026・武汉九师联盟)The veteran artist devoted all ______ (he) spare time to painting rural natural scenery.
【答案】his
【解析】知识1|形物代his修饰不可数名词spare time,限定主语归属。句意:这位老艺术家把全部业余时间都投入到乡村自然风光绘画中。
3.(2025・金华一中月考)It’s dangerous to go mountain hiking by ______ (you) without enough food and water supplies.
【答案】yourself/yourselves
【解析】知识1|by oneself固定搭配,表“独自、单独”,单复数均符合语境。句意:不带充足食物水源独自进山徒步十分危险。
4.(2026・重庆高三诊断)______ never crossed my mind that I would win the national English speech competition.
【答案】It
【解析】知识2|适配讲义高频句型It crosses one’s mind that…(某人想到/没想到),it为形式主语。句意:我从未想过自己能拿下全国英语演讲比赛冠军。
5.(2025・山东青岛联考)There are three roads ahead of us. This path is blocked, so take ______.
【答案】another
【解析】知识3|三者及以上范围,another泛指“另一个、另一条”,规避the other仅限两者的陷阱。句意:前方有三条路,这条路封路了,走另外一条。
6.(2026・福州高三质检)Two improvement plans were put forward, but ______ was accepted by the head teacher.
【答案】neither
【解析】知识3|两者范围全部否定,搭配单数谓语was,精准匹配讲义辨析规则。句意:两份改进方案都提交了,但班主任一份都没有采纳。
7.(2025全国甲卷改编)The natural scenery in Guilin is more attractive than ______ in northern inland cities.
【答案】that
【解析】知识4|that替代不可数名词scenery,比较结构中特指同类异物,避免重复。句意:桂林的自然风光比北方内陆城市的景色更吸引人。
8.(2026・西安高三月考)I don’t have enough writing pens, so I need to buy ______.
【答案】more
【解析】知识5|数量代词语境用法,前文表明钢笔数量不足,buy more为高考标准表达,单独使用more指代“更多同类复数事物(pens)”;some不可单独用于该类无后置名词、表“增补购买”的语境,属于高频易错点。句意:我的钢笔不够用,需要再买几支。
9.(2025八省联考改编)We consider ______ a basic social duty to protect wild animals around us.
【答案】it
【解析】知识2|consider+it+n.+to do形式宾语结构,贴合讲义核心考点。句意:我们认为保护身边野生动物是基本的社会责任。
10.(2026・天津高三期末)Fresh seasonal fruits are on sale today, including apples, bananas and ______.
【答案】others
【解析】知识3|others独立使用,泛指“其他同类事物”,表非全部范围。句意:今日时令鲜果特惠,有苹果、香蕉以及其他各类水果。
11.(2025・广东高三六校联考)I’d appreciate ______ if you could give me some advice on my application essay.
【答案】it
【解析】知识2|高考高频特例,appreciate后必须加形式宾语it再接if从句。句意:如果你能给我的申请文书提一些建议,我将不胜感激。
12.(2026・江苏南通高三调研)The cars made in China are better than ______ imported from abroad.
【答案】those
【解析】知识4|those替代复数特指名词the cars,用于比较结构同类异物辨析。句意:国产汽车比进口汽车品质更好。
13.(2025・四川成都七中月考)Not ______ of the students passed the difficult exam; about half failed.
【答案】all
【解析】知识3|高考核心部分否定考点,Not all of + 复数名词为固定部分否定结构,意为“并非全部”,对应后文“约半数学生不及格”的语境;区别于 none(三者及以上全部否定,无人通过),逻辑区分明确,规避易混陷阱。句意:并非所有学生都通过了这场难题考试,大约一半学生不及格。
14.(2026・浙江高三模拟)She made ______ clear that she would stick to her original dream.
【答案】it
【解析】知识2|make it clear that固定结构,it作形式宾语,真正宾语为that从句。句意:她明确表示,自己会坚守最初的梦想。
15.(2025・北京人大附中月考)I have read several novels, but ______ is as impressive as this one.
【答案】none
【解析】知识3|三者及以上全部否定,none指代前文novels,表“无一、一个都没有”。句意:我读过好几本小说,但没有一本像这本一样令人印象深刻。
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