培优提能练（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第一册学习笔记（人教版·新教材）

本高中英语讲义围绕考试焦虑应对、锻炼习惯养成、胡同文化介绍三大主题，通过阅读理解（Jasmine案例引入考试焦虑，分析副交感神经作用及呼吸等应对方法）、七选五阅读（聚焦习惯养成的四大策略：关注过程、迷你锻炼、避免极端、寻找乐趣）、语法填空（结合胡同文化考查定语从句、时态语态等语法点）构建学习支架，系统提升语言技能。 资料以真实情境（考试焦虑、日常锻炼）和文化素材（胡同）为载体，通过推理判断、逻辑衔接题培养思维品质，借助语法解析和策略指导提升学习能力。课中教师可利用案例引导讨论，课后学生通过题型解析巩固阅读技巧与语法知识，有效查漏补缺。

培优提能练 [分值：37.5分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(共4小题；每题2.5分，满分10分) Jasmine is on my Zoom screen.She is pulling her hair.As she starts talking，the rate of the pulling increases.“My exam is on Friday，” she tells me，“What if I get a question I can’t answer? What if I don’t get a good grade？” Jasmine is just one of the students suffering from test anxiety.The word “anxiety” originates from Latin，meaning narrowing.The “narrowing” describes what’s happening in Jasmine’s nervous system.Basically，the sympathetic(交感神经) branch—fight-or-flight—has switched on，and her muscles have narrowed as if she’s preparing to do battle or run away.Commonly known the “rest and digest” branch，the parasympathetic nervous (副交感神经) system plays an important role in thinking and learning by promoting a state of relaxation and calmness.When the parasympathetic nervous system starts working，it reduces stress and anxiety，improving focus and concentration. There are three simple tools for engaging the parasympathetic branch：breathing，grounding，and sensing.Breathing means a steady flow of breath；grounding means feeling the chair and the floor supporting you；and sensing means turning on one or more of the five senses. In more than 40 years of coaching test-takers，I have observed how often they hold their breath，how nervous and ungrounded they are，and how unaware they are of feeling the touch of clothes on their own bodies.No wonder people are exhausted by the end of a long test! When they use the three calming tools，they create the state necessary for sitting still，thinking，remembering，reasoning，and，finally，answering questions. We all face countless tests in everyday life.Unexpected，unwanted things happen to everyone.Wouldn’t it be a whole lot better if we faced the tests by being calm? In case you’re wondering，the answer is “Yes！” But the real question is：Instead of forcing students to progress through endless comparison and competition，why don’t we teach them how to stay calm? 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学生往往有考试焦虑的问题，探讨了副交感神经系统在减轻压力和焦虑中的作用，并提出了帮助学生在考试中保持冷静的方法。 1．Why does the author mention Jasmine in the first paragraph? A．To show students’ intense emotions. B．To introduce a problem students face. C．To compare different attitudes towards tests. D．To analyse students’ behaviors during video calls. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Jasmine is just one of the students suffering from test anxiety.”可知，遭受考试焦虑的学生有很多，且后文围绕考试焦虑展开。由此可知，作者提到Jasmine是为了引出后文学生面临的考试焦虑的问题。故选B。 2．What change would be brought when the parasympathetic nervous system is at work? A．Improved attention. B．Worsened anxiety. C．Tightened muscles. D．Quickened response. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“When the parasympathetic nervous system starts working，it reduces stress and anxiety，improving focus and concentration.”可知，当副交感神经系统在工作时，学生的注意力会得到提高。故选A。 3．What does the author think is important from the last paragraph? A．To take some tests to make progress. B．To attach importance to comparison and competition. C．To learn to avoid unexpected and unwanted things in life. D．To prepare students with the ways to keep calm during tests. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Wouldn’t it be a whole lot better...we teach them how to stay calm？”可知，作者指出更好的方法是冷静地面对考试，而不是让学生陷入比较和竞争中。由此可知，作者认为让学生学会在考试中保持冷静是很重要的。故选D。 4．What is the text mainly about? A．What do students face in tests? B．How to deal with test anxiety. C．How to engage the nervous system. D．What should students do to avoid tests? 答案　B 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Wouldn’t it be a whole lot better if we faced the tests by being calm？”可知，文章围绕学生面临的考试焦虑的问题展开，并指出教会学生保持冷静有助于应对考试焦虑。因此，文章主要内容是如何应对考试焦虑。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每题2.5分，满分12.5分) How to Make Exercise a Habit The new year is a time when it seems like everyone makes goals to work out and get fit.But by the third week of January，that all seems to go out the window.I’ve seen this happen almost every year：my workout(锻炼) classes are packed with fresh faces. 1 So I will share some tips on how to make exercise a habit，helping you stay healthier in the long run. Focus on the routine and not the results. These days it feels like everyone is looking for a quick fix or fast results，particularly when it comes to health and fitness. 2 Focus on creating and enjoying the habit.Try scheduling your works alongside one of the other routines you already have in place. 　3　 Everyone seems to want to set big goals of working out 4 times a week with 60-minute sessions.But realistically，if you’re not used to this，it will just be overwhelming and lead you to quit.Given this，doing workouts even as small as 5－10 minutes is a good place to start. Forget the “all or nothing” view. When it comes to exercise，the all or nothing approach does not serve you.Say you plan a workout for today，but say things get crazy at work and you miss your scheduled time.Well that doesn’t mean you’ve failed. 4 Even if you miss your workout，that doesn’t mean you’ve given up.Just remember your results are from your every effort，no matter how small. Find joy in your workouts. Explore until you find a workout that feels like fun.Don’t let yourself be boxed into a certain type of workout just because it’s trendy or everyone is doing them. 5 A．Life happens sometimes. B．Start with mini workouts. C．Build yourself workout time-zone. D．But in reality，it takes time for results to show. E．There is something magical that makes your plan work. F．A workout that suits you will promote your drive and enjoyment. G．But after just a few weeks，they return to the regular number of people. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何养成运动习惯提出建议。 1．答案　G 解析　根据上文可知，人们很快就会忘记自己的锻炼和健身目标，作者几乎每年都目睹这一现象：作者的锻炼课上满是新面孔。G项“但仅仅几周后，人数就会恢复到正常水平”承接上文，说明新年开始确实会有很多新人参加锻炼，但他们很快又会消失。故选G。 2．答案　D 解析　本段小标题强调“关注过程，而不是结果”。上文“These days it feels like everyone is looking for a quick fix or fast results...”提出人们都想找到捷径，尤其是提到健康和健身的时候，D项“但在现实中，结果需要时间才能显现”与上文构成转折关系，指出这一想法的不切实际，并照应小标题。故选D。 3．答案　B 解析　设空句是段首小标题。根据段落内容“每个人似乎都想设定一个大目标……但实际上，如果你不习惯这样做，它只会让你难以承受，最终导致你放弃。考虑到这一点，即使是5到10分钟的小锻炼也是一个很好的开始”可知，本段建议从小锻炼开始，B项“从小型锻炼开始”能概括本段主旨。故选B。 4．答案　A 解析　根据上文“Say you plan a workout for today...you miss your scheduled time.Well that doesn’t mean you’ve failed.”可知，我们可能因为工作而错过计划好的锻炼时间，但这并不意味着失败。结合下文“Even if you miss your workout，that doesn’t mean you’ve given up.” 可知，即使你错过了锻炼，也不意味着你已经放弃了。A项“生活中总会发生意外”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 5．答案　F 解析　根据本段小标题和上文可知，本段讲要在锻炼中找到乐趣，鼓励读者找到有趣的锻炼方式，F项“适合你的锻炼会提升你的动力和乐趣”承接上文，呼应小标题。故选F。 Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题；每题1.5分，满分15分) (2025·广东惠州高一上期中) Beijing’s hutongs in 1. you can witness a living testament to the city’s diverse culture have a rich history dating back over 800 years.The term “hutong”，originally meaning “water well” in Mongolian，reflected the need for access to water in the past.At first，these narrow alleys 2. (design) to accommodate the city’s growing population. The typical type of hutong architecture is the single-story courtyard(院子) houses known as siheyuan.These houses,3. (common) built around a central courtyard with rooms and living spaces branching off from it，have been the residential(住宅的) areas for people for centuries.The narrow alleys create a sense 4. community and promote social interaction among residents. One of the most famous hutongs is Nanluoguxiang，offering 5. unique mix of cultural experiences and commercial activities.There is a lot 6. (explore) in it.Characterized by its narrow alleys lined with traditional shops and cozy cafes，it has become a hot spot for 7. (local) and tourists.Visitors can admire the traditional architecture，enjoy the local street food,8. shop for traditional crafts and souvenirs. Today，hutongs，with 9. (they) traditional architecture and layout，play a significant role in 10. (shape) Beijing’s identity.They offer a window into traditional Chinese architecture and lifestyle，reflecting the philosophy of harmony between nature and human life. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北京胡同的历史、建筑特点及其对北京身份塑造方面的重要影响。 1．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。此处是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词是Beijing’s hutongs，指物，空处作介词in的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 2．答案　were designed 解析　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。本句描述过去的事情，时态应用一般过去时，且主语alleys与design“设计”之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用were。故填were designed。 3．答案　commonly 解析　考查副词。本空用副词commonly“通常”，作状语，修饰built。故填commonly。 4．答案　of 解析　考查介词。短语a sense of表示“一种……的感觉”。故填of。 5．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。此处泛指“一种独特的文化体验和商业活动的结合”，且unique发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 6．答案　to explore 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词，there be sth to do“有事情要做”，空处作后置定语，修饰a lot，应用explore“探索”的不定式。故填to explore。 7．答案　locals 解析　考查名词复数。此处local意为“当地人”，当地人不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作for的宾语。故填locals。 8．答案　and 解析　考查连词。admire、enjoy和shop为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 9．答案　their 解析　考查代词。空处修饰名词短语traditional architecture and layout，应用形容词性物主代词their“它们的”，作定语。故填their。 10．答案　shaping 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词，用shape“塑造”的动名词形式，作in的宾语。故填shaping。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $