UNIT 5 Humans and Nature 主题类文拓展阅读（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第二册学习笔记（北师大版·新教材）

**基本信息** 聚焦高中英语阅读理解核心题型，通过自然文化与环境保护主题文本，系统覆盖主旨归纳、细节梳理、推理判断等能力训练，强化语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解A（龙脊梯田）|4题|主旨题、写作手法题、细节排序题、推理题|围绕梯田四季景观、建造背景、功能意义展开，体现人与自然和谐共生的文化内涵，信息按"现象-原因-价值"逻辑组织| |阅读理解B（鲨鱼保护）|4题|细节题、推理题、原因分析题、文体推断题|以电影《大白鲨》为切入点，探讨人类对鲨鱼的认知转变及保护意义，信息按"影响-问题-反思"逻辑推进，结合词汇积累强化语言理解|

A (选自外研版必修第一册Unit 6) Longji Rice Terraces Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water，shining in the spring sun.Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice.During autumn，these same mountains are gold，and in winter they are covered in sheets of white frost.These are the colours of the Longji Rice Terraces. These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people，to whom Guangxi is home.Starting in the Yuan Dynasty，work on the terraces took hundreds of years，until its completion in the early Qing Dynasty.Reaching as far as the eye can see，these terraces cover tall mountains，often from the bottom to the very top. So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces？Firstly，there are few large，flat areas of land in the region.Building the terraces therefore meant that they could increase the areas in which they could grow rice.Secondly，although the region has plenty of rain，the mountains are steep and the soil is shallow.The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away. But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.The terraces are cleverly designed，with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other.During the rainy season，it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces.The sun heats the water and turns it into vapour.This forms clouds from which rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again.These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish，some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops. Although modern technology could help produce more crops，these terraces still mean a lot to the local people for whom traditions hold much value.This knowledge is passed down through families，which means that new generations continue to use ancient methods of agriculture to maintain the terraces.Today，the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors who come to admire this great wonder created by people and nature working together. 词汇积累 1．terrace n．梯田 2．wrap v．包，裹 3．dynasty n．朝代 4．completion n．完成，结束 5．steep adj.陡的，陡峭的 6．significant adj.重要的，影响深远的 7．harmony n．融洽相处，和谐 8．agriculture n．农业 9．attract v．吸引，引起……的兴趣 1．What’s the main idea of the text? A．The Longji Rice Terraces will have a bright future. B．The introduction to the Longji Rice Terraces. C．The Longji Rice Terraces are fascinating all around the year. D．The reason why Longji Rice Terraces were built. 答案　B 2．How does the author develop paragraph 1? A．By listing the facts. B．By comparing the facts. C．By vividly describing the scenes. D．By painting the beautiful colours. 答案　C 3．Which is the correct order of how the terraces work? ①The gas forms cloud.　②The rain falls down.　③The water is turned into gas.　④The sun heats the water.　⑤The water flows into the terraces. A．⑤④③①② B．③①④②⑤ C．①④②⑤③ D．②①④③⑤ 答案　A 4．What will happen in the future? A．The local people will introduce modern agriculture technology. B．The local young people will maybe give up their traditions. C．The local people will hold the ancient methods of agriculture for a long time. D．A greater wonder will be created by local people. 答案　C B (选自外研版必修第二册Unit 6) SHARKS: DANGEROUS OR ENDANGERED? We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea.Suddenly，she is pulled underwater.She surfaces，cries in fear，then disappears forever.This is the opening scene from the 1975 film Jaws，showing a shark attack.It tells the story of a great white shark that attacks and kills swimmers.Jaws was a great success，attracting huge audiences and winning many awards.It strengthened people’s long-held idea of the great white shark as a dangerous animal. People have always been scared of sharks，but Jaws made things worse.It made people frightened of sharks，especially of the great white shark.Many people who saw the film started to believe that sharks were bad animals that ate humans.Some people stopped swimming in the sea，afraid of the horrible creature from the film.Other people started fishing for sharks，killing as many as they could.At that time，nobody cared if sharks were killed，or how many were killed.People just wanted them killed. After 1975，the number of large sharks around America fell quickly，and soon fell around the world.This was not only due to fear of sharks，but also finning.Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off.The sharks are thrown back into the sea where they die slowly and painfully.The fins are used in shark fin soup.Finning kills millions of sharks a year. Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley，the man who wrote the book the film Jaws was based on.In 1980，Benchley was diving when he came across an awful sight.It was an area where fishermen were finning，and the sea floor was covered with dead sharks.Benchley saw sharks being killed and this caused a deep change in him.He came to see people as a danger to sharks，rather than the other way round.From that day on，he fought to protect sharks.He admitted that his book was wrong about sharks’ behaviour.“Sharks don’t target humans，” he said.Experts have proved that sharks do not see people as food，and they attack us by mistake.Only around six people are killed by sharks every year. Fortunately，not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks—some became interested in understanding them.Today，as we learn more about sharks，more people than ever want to protect them from extinction. 词汇积累 1．underwater adv.在水下adj.水下的 2．surface vi.升到水面，浮出水面 3．long-held长期持有的 4．creature n．生物；动物 5．fin v．切去(鱼的)鳍n.鱼鳍 6．dive v．(通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水 7．extinction n．灭绝，绝种 1．Why is the film Jaws mentioned in this passage? A．Because the film is about sharks. B．Because the film is based on a real person. C．Because the film has a great effect on sharks. D．Because the film is very interesting. 答案　C 2．Which of the following was led to by the film? A．Fewer sharks were killed for their fins. B．People are no longer afraid of sharks. C．Most of people stop swimming in the sea. D．People believe sharks are horrible animals. 答案　D 3．Why did the number of large sharks decrease quickly? A．Because large sharks were finned. B．Because people were never afraid of them. C．Because people were tired of them. D．Because the environment was destroyed. 答案　A 4．Where is the passage most likely from? A．A diary. B．A guide book. C．A novel. D．A magazine. 答案　D 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $