UNIT 4 Information Technology 训练7 培优提能练(一)（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第二册学习笔记（北师大版·新教材）

**基本信息** 聚焦高中英语核心题型，通过各地期中/期末真题训练，融合阅读理解、七选五、完形填空及语法填空，系统提升语言理解与表达能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |主题语篇阅读|8小题（记叙文+说明文）|细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意|围绕不同体裁语篇，训练信息定位与深层理解能力| |七选五|5小题（信息安全主题）|段落补全、逻辑衔接|通过上下文语境分析，强化篇章结构与语义连贯认知| |完形填空|15小题（人生感悟类记叙文）|语境词汇运用、上下文推理|依托叙事线索，培养词汇辨析与语境理解能力| |语法填空|10小题（旅游与健康主题）|语法规则应用、词性转换|结合语篇语境，训练语法知识在实际场景中的综合运用|

训练7　培优提能练(一) [分值：62.5分] Ⅰ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A (2025·四川高一上期中) When her mother died two years ago，Celia Bashaw began dreaming about an artwork her uncle Perkins had made.Her mother and grandmother had loved it.But Bashaw couldn’t find it.She knew it had been picked up 15 years ago，after her grandmother’s death when the family was going through her belongings.And she knew her uncle，who lived in Vermont，had given it away there，hoping the new owners would hold on to it.As it turned out，they sold it. So she decided to make a post online in a group for Vermonters，hoping she could track down the buyers and get the piece back.Bashaw attached three photos of the artwork and the post was shared about 600 times. Then，in Vermont，Alvin and his wife Nora，saw the post and realized they had bought the artwork.They arranged a meeting without hesitation.Despite being nervous about meeting strangers from the Internet，Bashaw found them “so nice and great”． “With all the bad news and everything going around，it’s good to see something really nice，” Nora said，who offered to give it back to Bashaw. In an updated post，Bashaw shared her excitement at being reunited(团聚) with her uncle’s artwork，thanking the community for sharing and helping her find the piece. Now，Bashaw feels like a piece of her mother and grandmother has come back home. “It’s really nice because I don’t have very many things of my mother or my grandmother and actually，it’s been extremely hard for me to even find a picture of me and my grandmother together.We were so close，and it just makes me so sad...I hope she can see it now that I have it back because she was looking for it too，” she said. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Celia Bashaw通过在社交网络平台发布帖子，寻回已故亲人艺术品的故事。 1．Why did Bashaw post online? A．Because she enjoyed sharing her life. B．Because she’d like to make new friends. C．Because she hoped to sell her belongings. D．Because she wanted to get the artwork back. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“So she decided to make a post online in a group for Vermonters，hoping she could track down the buyers and get the piece back.”可知，她发帖的原因是想把那件艺术品找回来。故选D项。 2．Which of the following can best describe Alvin and Nora? A．Kind and friendly. B．Caring and curious. C．Brave and confident. D．Determined and honest. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Despite being nervous about meeting strangers from the Internet，Bashaw found them ‘so nice and great’. ”及第四段“‘With all the bad news and everything going around，it’s good to see something really nice，’ Nora said，who offered to give it back to Bashaw.”可知，Alvin和Nora非常善良、友好。故选A项。 3．What did Bashaw do after meeting Alvin and Nora? A．She reunited with her uncle. B．She expressed thanks online. C．She decided to buy the artwork. D．She found a picture of her mother. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第五段“In an updated post，Bashaw shared her excitement at being reunited(团聚) with her uncle’s artwork，thanking the community for sharing and helping her find the piece.”可知，在与Alvin和Nora见面并拿回艺术品后，Bashaw在网上分享了她的兴奋之情以及对社区帮助的感谢。故选B项。 4．What is the text mainly about? A．A girl meets strangers from the Internet. B．A community helps a girl find her family. C．A social media post helps reunite a family. D．A couple gives an artwork back to its owner. 答案　C 解析　主旨大意题。文章讲述了Celia Bashaw通过在社交网络平台发布帖子，寻回已故亲人艺术品的故事以及作者寻回艺术品的感受。家人丢失的艺术品的寻回让Celia Bashaw感觉像亲人又回到了身边一样，而这一切都归功于网上发布的帖子及社区人们的帮助。C项“社交媒体的帖子助力一家人‘团聚’”概括全文，故选C项。 B (2025·江苏南通高一上期中) Does technology replace more jobs than it creates? What is the balance between these two things? Until now，that has not been completely measured.However，a new research project led by MIT economist David Autor has developed an answer，at least for U．S.history since 1940. The study uses new methods to examine how many jobs have been lost because of machine automation(自动化)，and how many jobs have been created through augmentation(扩增)，in which technology creates new chances and tasks.In this research，Autor and his workmates studied about 35,000 jobs，recording how they appear over time.That led them to find that technology has replaced more U．S.jobs than it has created，particularly since 1980. “Clearly，from 1980 to the present，there is a faster rate of automation and a slower rate of augmentation than in the former 40 years，” says Autor.From 1940 to 1980，for example，jobs like elevator operator and typesetter(排字工人) were getting automated.But at the same time，more workers filled roles such as shipping and receiving clerks，buyers，department heads and industrial engineers.From 1980 to 2020，the number of machinists(机械工) dropped because of automation，while operations and systems researchers enjoyed growth.Finally，the research suggests that the negative effects of automation on employment were more than twice as great in the 1980－2020 period as in the 1940－1980 period.There was a more positive change in the effect of augmentation on employment in 1980－2020 compared to 1940－1980. Automation and augmentation often happen within the same industries.Within the same large company，there may be fewer machinists but more systems researchers.“Technology is really making a difference，” Autor says.“It may substitute some expert knowledge or skills，but may add decision-making tasks.It takes a while to figure them out.” 5．What does Autor’s study focus on? A．The key to searching for a job. B．The solutions to taking up new tasks. C．The influence of new technology on jobs. D．The application of machines to industry. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“The study uses new methods to examine how many jobs have been lost because of machine automation(自动化)，and how many jobs have been created through augmentation(扩增)，in which technology creates new chances and tasks.”可知，Autor的研究关注技术在创造和取代工作岗位方面的情况，即研究重点是新技术对就业的影响。故选C。 6．How does the author prove his idea in paragraph 3? A．By listing figures. B．By raising questions. C．By telling stories. D．By giving examples. 答案　D 解析　写作手法题。本段举了两个时间段的例子：1940－1980年和1980－2020年，分别说明了不同时间段自动化和扩增对工作岗位的影响。故选D。 7．What does the underlined word “substitute” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Depend on. B．Take the place of. C．Take control of. D．Concentrate on. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据最后一段可知，技术可能会增加决策任务，而“substitute some expert knowledge or skills”与“add decision-making tasks”是转折关系，所以指的是“技术可能会取代一些专业知识或者技能”，画线词substitute意为“取代”，与B项“Take the place of”意思相符。故选B。 8．What is the best title for the text? A．Are Jobs More Challenging or More Friendly? B．Are New Technologies Job Killers or Creators? C．Which Is Better，Automation or Augmentation? D．Who Are More Efficient，Humans or Machines? 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。根据文章第一段提出的两个问题以及全文内容可知，本文主要说明的是技术的发展对就业的影响，讨论了新技术是取代还是创造了更多的工作。B项“技术到底是工作的杀手还是创造者？”为本文最佳标题。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) (2025·山西高一上期末) Protecting your identity online is very important.In the digital age，some data leaks are out of our control，like when companies get hacked. 1 Here we share some to make sure identity thieves don’t steal your personal information. 　2　 Keeping an eye on your credit is an important way to make sure no one is trying to mess with your personal financial(财务的) information.You can get a free credit report from companies like Equifax，Experian，or TransUnion.This will help you see if anyone is trying to use your financial information. Be on the lookout for unusual statements or bills. Regularly looking at statements or bills will help you notice if there is suspicious(可疑的) activity happening in any of your accounts. 3 Catching fraud(诈骗) early makes it easier to fix. Cut files with personal information into small pieces. 4 Instead，tear these documents into pieces，as they might have your full name，phone number，address，social security number，bank account information or other private personal details.Check out this helpful guide，and do it now. Stay safe while traveling. If you want to protect your identity online while traveling，take extra steps.Let your bank know where you’re going and how long you’ll be away and ask the post office to hold your mail.If any bills are due while you’re away，see if you can plan payments before you leave.If you need to pay a bill online while you’re away，make sure you’re connected to a secure wifi network. 5 A．Check your credit report. B．Don’t read something that annoys you. C．Stop talking about your company online. D．However，there are measures you can take to stay safe. E．If you see something strange，contact your bank at once. F．These steps will help keep your information safe on your trip. G．Don’t throw files with personal information into the wastepaper basket. 1．答案　D 解析　根据空前“In the digital age，some data leaks are out of our control，like when companies get hacked.”可知，一些数据泄露是我们无法控制的，下文“Here we share some to make sure identity thieves don’t steal your personal information.”指出有方法来确保信息安全，D项“但是，你可以采取一些措施来保持安全”符合语境，引起下文，并和上文构成转折关系。故选D。 2．答案　A 解析　此处是本段小标题，根据下文“Keeping an eye on your credit is an important way to make sure no one is trying to mess with your personal financial(财务的) information.You can get a free credit report from companies like Equifax，Experian，or TransUnion.”可知，本段主要介绍了要检查自己的信用报告，A项“检查你的信用报告”能概括本段内容。故选A。 3．答案　E 解析　上文“Regularly looking at statements or bills will help you notice if there is suspicious(可疑的) activity happening in any of your accounts.”指出要定期检查账单或发票，看看是否有异常，空处承接上文，指出如有异常该怎么办，E项“如果你发现一些异常，请立即联系你的银行”符合语境。故选E。 4．答案　G 解析　下文“Instead，tear these documents into pieces，as they might have your full name，phone number，address，social security number，bank account information or other private personal details.”指出要将包含个人信息的废文件撕成碎片，由Instead可知，空处应该和下文是相反内容，指出处理包含个人信息的废文件的错误做法，G项“不要将包含个人信息的文件扔进废纸篮”符合语境。故选G。 5．答案　F 解析　上文“If you want to protect your identity online while traveling，take extra steps...”指出在旅行时保护自己的网络身份需要采取的额外措施，空处承接上文，指出这些措施的好处，F项“这些步骤将有助于在旅行中保护你的信息安全”符合语境。故选F。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) (2025·河北保定高一上期末) When I was young，I had a love-hate relationship with my car.I enjoyed that I had 1 that could get me where I needed to go，but I 2 just everything else about it.First it leaked(漏) and was 3 on oil.The old tires blew out on more than one 4 .The windshield(挡风玻璃) wipers didn’t work and I sometimes had to 5 in a heavy rain. The one who hated my car more was my dad，a mechanic(机械修理工)．As soon as he 6 one thing，however，something else would break down.Still，this old car was all I could 7 as I was tight on money，so I kept driving it， 8 it would hang on for one more day. 9 ，one morning，the ending day of my old car came and to my surprise，I accepted it happily. These days I hate to admit I have the same 10 about my own body.My back 11 daily.My memory and energy aren’t as good as before.I am doing my best to slow the aging 12 .But each day it gets a little older. Yet，in the end I know these 13 we drive around aren’t who we really are.We are the spirit within.We are beloved children 14 here to live，learn，and love.And when our car does break down for good，we should be happy to let it 15 . 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾有一辆问题百出的旧车，它频繁出故障，终于有一天，车彻底坏了，而作者对此欣然接受。由此，作者联想到我们的身体——身体如同那辆车，会不断衰老，当身体无法运转的那一天，我们也应该高兴地放手。 1．A.helicopters B．wheels C．brochures D．kits 答案　B 解析　helicopter直升机；wheel车轮；brochure小册子；kit成套装备。根据前文“with my car”以及后文“that could get me where I needed to go”可知，此处指车轮可以把作者带到任何地方。故选B。 2．A.challenged B．destroyed C．refused D．disliked 答案　D 解析　challenge挑战；destroy破坏；refuse拒绝；dislike不喜欢。根据前文“When I was young，I had a love-hate relationship with my car.I enjoyed that...，but”以及后文列举了这辆车的很多问题可知，作者不喜欢这辆车的其他方面。故选D。 3．A.heavy B．average C．tough D．positive 答案　A 解析　heavy大量的；average平均的；tough艰难的；positive积极的。根据“it leaked(漏)”以及“on oil”可推断车子漏油必然耗油量大。故选A。 4．A.occasion B．stage C．demand D．source 答案　A 解析　occasion场合，(某事发生的)时刻；stage阶段；demand需要；source来源。根据前文“The old tires blew out on more than one”可知，轮胎老化了，不止一次爆胎。故选A。 5．A.sign up B．give up C．check in D．pull over 答案　D 解析　sign up报名；give up放弃；check in登记入住；pull over靠路边停车。根据前文“The windshield(挡风玻璃) wipers didn’t work”可知，雨刷器坏了，作者不得不在下大雨时停车。故选D。 6．A.conducted B．concerned C．fixed D．rated 答案　C 解析　conduct实施；concern担心；fix修理；rate评估。根据后文“one thing，however，something else would break down”中表示转折的however可知，此处表示刚修好一件东西，另一件东西就坏了。故选C。 7．A.afford B．sell C．rent D．supply 答案　A 解析　afford买得起；sell出售；rent租给；supply供应。根据后文“as I was tight on money”可知，这辆旧车是作者唯一能买得起的。故选A。 8．A.aiding B．thinking C．expecting D．debating 答案　C 解析　aid帮助；think思考；expect期待；debate辩论。根据后文“it would hang on for one more day”可知，作者没钱买新车，所以希望这辆旧车能再坚持一天是一天。故选C。 9．A.Actually B．Finally C．Usually D．Immediately 答案　B 解析　actually实际上；finally最后；usually通常；immediately立即。根据后文“one morning，the ending day of my old car came”可知，此处指最后车终于不能开了。故选B。 10．A.findings B．belongings C．feelings D．savings 答案　C 解析　finding发现；belongings财物；feeling感觉；savings储蓄金。前文“one morning，the ending day of my old car came and to my surprise，I accepted it happily”提到作者的车不能开了，最后报废了，作者欣然接受了这一结果，结合后文提到了作者身体上的很多问题，说明对自己的身体也有同样的感觉。故选C。 11．A.limits B．hurts C．ruins D．stresses 答案　B 解析　limit限制；hurt疼痛；ruin毁灭，毁坏；stress强调。根据后文“My memory and energy aren’t as good as before.”可知，此处描述的是身体上的问题，即背部每天疼痛。故选B。 12．A.contribution B．process C．disaster D．failure 答案　B 解析　contribution贡献；process过程；disaster灾难；failure失败。根据后文“But each day it gets a little older.”可知，作者想要延缓衰老的过程，但身体每天都在老化。故选B。 13．A.bodies B．cars C．souls D．clues 答案　A 解析　body身体；car汽车；soul灵魂；clue线索。此处呼应前文“about my own body”，指驾驭的这副身体并不是真正的我们。故选A。 14．A.thrown B．pressed C．put D．carved 答案　C 解析　throw扔；press按压；put放置；carve雕刻。根据前文“We are the spirit within.”可知，此处指内在的灵魂才是真正的我们，我们是被爱的孩子，被赋予生命放在这里生活、学习和去爱。故选C。 15．A.fly B．run C．jog D．go 答案　D 解析　fly飞；run奔跑；jog慢跑；go去。此处呼应前文“one morning，the ending day of my old car came and to my surprise，I accepted it happily”，指接受自己的身体坏掉的时候，然后欣然放手(let it go)。故选D。 Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) (2025·安徽宿州高一上期中) Traveling can be beneficial(有好处的) for our health and may even slow down the ageing process.A recent study from Edith Cowan University in Australia，found that going on 1.______________________(trip) can make us look and feel younger.The researchers believe that 2. (experience) new things and meeting different people keeps us youthful as we age.Fangli Hu，3. is lead author of the research，said，“Tourism is not just 4. fun；it can also improve our physical and mental health.” Ms Hu added，“As a natural process，ageing can’t 5. (stop)，but it can be slowed down.” The study examined how travel slows down ageing，suggesting that vacations，backpacking 6.__________ sightseeing can help make us less stressful.Traveling can strengthen our immune system(免疫系统) while helping to repair body tissues，which in turn slows down the ageing process.“Traveling usually 7. (include) physical activities like hiking，climbing，and cycling，which can relieve muscle and joint tension，” said Ms Hu.She pointed out that these activities may support the immune system and improve our body’s 8. (able) to defend(抵御) against illness. The researchers suggested that traveling might be 9. (good) than anti-ageing creams for helping us stay youthful and healthy.So，instead of 10. (simple) depending on beauty products，think about visiting new places to improve your health and well-being. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是研究表明，旅游不仅让人放松，还有助于身心健康和减缓衰老。 1．答案　trips 解析　考查名词复数。根据空格前的介词on可知，空格处应该用名词trip作宾语，trip是可数名词，前面无限定词，应该用复数形式表示泛指。故填trips。 2．答案　experiencing 解析　考查非谓语动词。根据下文的and meeting可知，空格处应该用动名词experiencing和下文的meeting并列作主语。故填experiencing。 3．答案　who 解析　考查定语从句。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Fangli Hu是人，从句中缺少主语，所以，空格处应该用关系代词who代替先行词在从句中作主语。故填who。 4．答案　for 解析　考查介词。for fun“为了好玩”是固定短语。故填for。 5．答案　be stopped 解析　考查被动语态。空格处是谓语动词，根据空格前的can’t可知，应该用动词原形；动词stop和主语ageing之间是被动关系，用被动语态。故填be stopped。 6．答案　and 解析　考查连词。vacations、backpacking和sightseeing是并列关系，应该用and连接。故填and。 7．答案　includes 解析　考查时态和主谓一致。空格处是谓语动词，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是动名词traveling，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填includes。 8．答案　ability 解析　考查名词。根据空格前的动词improve可知，空格处应该用名词ability作宾语。故填ability。 9．答案　better 解析　考查形容词比较级。根据空格后的than可知，空格处应该用形容词比较级better作表语。故填better。 10．答案　simply 解析　考查副词。修饰空格后的动词短语depending on，应该用副词simply作状语。故填simply。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $