Unit 5 Play by the rules课时4 Developing ideas 部分 课时练习2026-2027学年外研版八年级英语上册

**基本信息** 初中英语新授课同步练，通过基础巩固、能力进阶、综合应用三层设计，实现词汇句型到语篇理解的递进，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|核心词汇与基础句型|单词/词组默写（如“law”“break rules”）、句子补全，夯实语言基础| |进阶层|语法应用与规则辨析|词形转换（动词时态）、单项选择（规则意义辨析），强化语言运用能力| |综合应用层|语篇理解与情境表达|阅读理解（表格/记叙文/书信）、完形填空、补全对话（情境化规则讨论），提升思维品质与跨情境沟通能力|

2026-2027学年外研版八年级上册 Unit 5 Play by the rules? 课时4 Developing ideas 部分 课时练习 一、单词默写（根据中文写出英文单词） 1. 法则，法令 ________________________ 2. 律师 ________________________ 3. 紧急的，急迫的 ________________________ 4. 辩论 ________________________ 5. 特殊的，特别的 ________________________ 6. 大学 ________________________ 7. 乘客 ________________________ 8. 事故 ________________________ 9. 社会的 ________________________ 10. 影响，效果 ________________________ 二、词组默写（根据中文写出英文词组） 1. 打破规则 ________________________ 2. 在特殊情况下 ________________________ 3. 交通事故 ________________________ 4. 闯红灯 ________________________ 5. 紧急情况 ________________________ 6. 造成事故 ________________________ 7. 为了社会 ________________________ 8. 不同意 ________________________ 三、根据要求完成句子（用所给中文提示补全英文句子，每空一词） 1. 在某些非常特殊的情况下，打破规则是可以的。 In some very special ________________________, breaking rules is OK. 2. 我们制定规则是有原因的。 We have rules for a ________________________. 3. 在紧急情况下，违反某些规则可能是可以的。 In some urgent ________________________, it might be okay to break certain rules. 4. 出租车司机可能造成事故。 The taxi driver could ________________________ an accident. 5. 我认为我们不能为了任何人而打破法律。 I don't think we can ________________________ the law for anyone. 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. The taxi driver _____________ (drive) very fast to the hospital at once. 2. He didn't stop at red lights. He even _____________ (fly) through one. 3. In some very special situations, breaking rules can _____________ (save) lives. 4. The taxi driver could cause an accident and might _____________ (hurt) someone. 5. Breaking them can have very bad _____________ (effect). 6. It is never OK _____________ (break) rules in any situation. 五、单项选择（从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案） ( )1. In some very special situations, breaking rules can ______ lives. A. take B. save C. lose D. cost ( )2. We have rules for a ______. We shouldn't break them without a good reason. A. reason B. game C. plan D. party ( )3. The taxi driver didn't ______ at red lights because he had an emergency. A. stop B. go C. wait D. look ( )4. ______ rules can have very bad effects on society. A. Making B. Following C. Breaking D. Changing ( )5. The introduction of the programme helps people decide ______ to listen or not. A. what B. when C. whether D. why ( )6. A lawyer is someone who ______ the law. A. breaks B. makes C. understands D. ignores ( )7. In ______ situations, it might be okay to break certain rules. A. normal B. urgent C. happy D. ordinary ( )8. I can't ______ with you because I think rules are important. A. agree B. disagree C. talk D. argue ( )9. Rules are for us and for ______. A. society B. people C. school D. family ( )10. "To be, or not to be: that is the question" is a famous line from ______. A. a poem B. a movie C. a play D. a novel 六、翻译句子（根据中文提示，将下列句子翻译成英文） 1. 在某些非常特殊的情况下，打破规则是可以的。 ________________________________________________ 2. 我们制定规则是有原因的。 ________________________________________________ 3. 出租车司机可能造成事故，伤害别人。 ________________________________________________ 4. 在紧急情况下，违反某些规则可能是可以的。 ________________________________________________ 5. 违反规则会产生非常不良的后果。 ________________________________________________ 七、阅读理解（A篇 表格类；B篇 记叙文；C篇 书信） A Scenario Rule broken Reason Is it acceptable? Ambulance with siren Speed limit, red lights To save a patient's life Yes Fire truck on call Traffic rules To reach a fire quickly Yes Student arriving late School attendance Helping an elderly neighbour Maybe (with explanation) Customer cutting in line Queue order In a hurry No Cyclist crossing red light Traffic lights No cars in sight No (still dangerous) ( )1. When is it acceptable to break traffic rules according to the table? A. When you are in a hurry. B. For an ambulance or fire truck with siren. C. When there are no cars around. D. When you want to help a neighbour. ( )2. Why might a fire truck break traffic rules? A. To save time. B. To reach a fire quickly. C. To practice driving. D. To avoid traffic. ( )3. What is the reason for a student arriving late to school? A. He slept in. B. He helped an elderly neighbour. C. He missed the bus. D. He was reading. ( )4. Is it acceptable for a customer to cut in line? A. Yes, if they are in a hurry. B. No. C. Yes, if they ask politely. D. Only if the queue is short. ( )5. What is the common factor that makes breaking a rule acceptable? A. Personal convenience. B. Saving lives or serious emergencies. C. Saving time. D. Avoiding effort. B Last month, I was on my way to work when I saw an accident. A car had hit a cyclist. The cyclist was lying on the ground, bleeding. I called 999 immediately. While I was waiting for the ambulance, a taxi driver stopped. He said, "I can take the injured person to the hospital. The ambulance might take too long." He helped me put the cyclist into his taxi. Then he drove very fast and even went through a red light to save time. At the hospital, the doctors said that the cyclist would recover. The taxi driver's quick action had saved a life. When the police came, they understood why the driver had broken the rule. They didn't punish him because it was an emergency. This experience made me think about rules. In most cases, we must follow them. But sometimes, breaking a rule can save a life. ( )6. What did the writer see on the way to work? A. A fire. B. A car accident. C. A robbery. D. A parade. ( )7. What did the taxi driver do? A. He called an ambulance. B. He drove the injured person to the hospital. C. He took a photo. D. He drove away. ( )8. Did the taxi driver break any rules? A. No, he didn't. B. Yes, he went through a red light. C. Yes, he was speeding. D. No, he followed all rules. ( )9. Why didn't the police punish the taxi driver? A. Because he was a taxi driver. B. Because it was an emergency. C. Because he was speeding. D. Because he had a license. ( )10. What lesson did the writer learn from the experience? A. Rules should never be broken. B. Breaking rules is always bad. C. Sometimes breaking a rule can save a life. D. Taxi drivers are always right. C Dear Editor, I am writing to share my opinion about breaking rules. Last week, my neighbour's house caught fire. The fire truck got stuck in traffic. A police car guided it through the traffic and even drove on the wrong side of the road to get there quickly. They saved the house and the family. In this case, breaking traffic rules was necessary. However, I also see people breaking rules for selfish reasons. Some drivers use emergency lanes to skip traffic, putting others at risk. Some students copy homework to save time, which is unfair. I believe that rules are important, but we should allow exceptions for real emergencies. We also need to punish those who break rules for selfish reasons. What do you think? Yours sincerely, A Reader ( )11. What happened to the writer's neighbour? A. A car accident. B. A house fire. C. A robbery. D. A flood. ( )12. How did the police help the fire truck? A. They drove it. B. They guided it through traffic and drove on the wrong side. C. They moved the traffic. D. They called another truck. ( )13. What are some selfish reasons for breaking rules? A. Saving lives. B. Helping others. C. Using emergency lanes to skip traffic. D. Following orders. ( )14. What does the writer suggest about rules? A. All rules should be broken. B. Exceptions should be allowed for emergencies but selfish breaking should be punished. C. No rules should be broken. D. Breaking rules is always acceptable. ( )15. What is the writer's overall attitude towards rules? A. They are useless. B. They are important but have exceptions. C. They should be stricter. D. They should be ignored. 八、完形填空（阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案） Rules are important, but sometimes there are (1) ______ situations where they might be broken. Imagine a (2) ______ who has a passenger who is very sick. He needs to get to the (3) ______ quickly. In this case, he might (4) ______ a red light to save time. Some people say this is (5) ______ because the driver could cause an accident. Others say that saving a life is more (6) ______ than following traffic rules. I think in (7) ______ cases, rules should be followed. But in emergencies, we should allow some (8) ______. However, we must be careful. If everyone (9) ______ rules whenever they want, society would be chaotic. We need to decide carefully when it is (10) ______ to break a rule. ( )1. A. normal B. special C. boring D. strange ( )2. A. doctor B. teacher C. taxi driver D. lawyer ( )3. A. hospital B. school C. station D. office ( )4. A. follow B. break C. stop D. change ( )5. A. good B. acceptable C. dangerous D. exciting ( )6. A. important B. interesting C. difficult D. different ( )7. A. all B. some C. most D. no ( )8. A. rules B. exceptions C. accidents D. problems ( )9. A. follows B. makes C. breaks D. changes ( )10. A. OK B. bad C. dangerous D. harmful 九、补全对话（从 A—G 七个选项中选出五个填入对话空缺处，使对话完整、通顺） A. But I think it depends on the situation. B. Could the taxi driver hurt someone by breaking the rule? C. I believe that rules are there for a reason. D. I can't agree with you because we have rules for a reason. E. I think the driver did the right thing because he saved a life. F. But he saved the passenger's life! G. Do you think we should break rules in emergencies? Anna: Today's debate topic is: Should rules be broken sometimes? (1) __________ Ben: I think rules should never be broken. (2) __________ They protect us and keep society in order. Anna: (3) __________ For example, a taxi driver once broke a red light to take a sick passenger to the hospital. Ben: (4) __________ He might have caused an accident. Anna: (5) __________ In an emergency, saving a life is more important than following every rule. Ben: I still think there is always a better way than breaking rules. 参考答案 一、单词默写 1. law 2. lawyer 3. urgent 4. debate 5. special 6. university 7. passenger 8. accident 9. social 10. effect 二、词组默写 1. break rules 2. in special situations 3. traffic accident 4. run/go through a red light 5. in an emergency / in urgent situations 6. cause an accident 7. for society 8. disagree with 三、根据要求完成句子 1. situations 2. reason 3. situations 4. cause 5. break 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. drove 2. flew 3. save 4. hurt 5. effects 6. to break 五、单项选择 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. C 六、翻译句子 1. In some very special situations, breaking rules is OK. 2. We have rules for a reason. 3. The taxi driver could cause an accident and hurt someone. 4. In urgent situations, it might be okay to break certain rules. 5. Breaking rules can have very bad effects. 七、阅读理解 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. B 八、完形填空 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A 九、补全对话（7选5） 1. G 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. F （D、E为多余项） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $