Unit 2 Getting along课时2 Understanding ideas部分 课时练习2026-2027学年外研版八年级英语上册

**基本信息** 外研版八年级上册Unit 2课时同步练，通过基础-进阶-综合三层设计，实现词汇-句型-语篇的渐进式巩固，适配新授课语言能力与思维品质培养需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|核心词汇与基础句型|单词/词组默写直接巩固"selfish""knock down"等单元重点词，补全句子强化"since""shout"等基础表达，夯实语言能力基础| |进阶层|语法应用与简单语篇|语法填空结合"has built""singing"等时态/非谓语考点，阅读填空依托巨人故事语境，提升语法迁移与思维逻辑性| |综合应用层|语篇理解与文化意识|阅读还原、完形填空等题型围绕"分享"主题，通过故事、议论文等多体裁语篇，培养语篇分析能力与文化意识，体现综合语言运用价值|

2026-2027学年外研版八年级上册 Unit 2 Getting along 课时2 Understanding ideas部分 课时练习 一、单词默写（根据中文写出英文单词） 1. 自私的 ________________________ 2. 巨人 ________________________ 3. 大声说，喊叫 ________________________ 4. 大门 ________________________ 5. 建造 ________________________ 6. 自从……以来 ________________________ 7. 也不 ________________________ 8. 洞，孔 ________________________ 9. 高兴的 ________________________ 10. 害怕的 ________________________ 二、词组默写（根据中文写出英文词组） 1. 摧毁，拆毁 ________________________ 2. 敲门（窗） ________________________ 3. 生气地喊叫 ________________________ 4. 返回，回来 ________________________ 5. 充满活力的，生气勃勃的 ________________________ 6. 他们的（名词性物主代词） ________________________ 7. 建造一堵高墙 ________________________ 8. 跳下床 ________________________ 三、根据要求完成句子（用所给中文提示补全英文句子，每空一词） 1. 自从去年以来，春天就没有来过我的花园。 Spring hasn't come to my garden ________________________ last year. 2. 他大声地喊道：“你们在这里做什么？” He ________________________ in a loud voice, "What are you doing here?" 3. 孩子们看到巨人时都跑开了。 The children ________________________ away when they saw the Giant. 4. 巨人在花园周围建了一堵高墙。 The Giant ________________________ a high wall around the garden. 5. 现在我明白为什么春天不来了。 Now I know ________________________ spring wouldn't come. 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. The Giant has been away for a long time and he _____________ (not see) any children in his garden since then. 2. The children _____________ (play) in the Giant's garden every afternoon. 3. The Giant shouted _____________ (angry) at the children. 4. He has _____________ (build) a wall, so spring never comes. 5. The birds _____________ (sing) with joy when the children came back. 6. The Giant realized how selfish he _____________ (be). 五、阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空 The Giant had a beautiful garden. Children loved to play there (1) __________ afternoon. But the Giant was selfish. He (2) __________ (build) a high wall and put up a sign saying "No children allowed". Since then, the garden (3) __________ (become) cold and lifeless. Spring came to every other place, (4) __________ not to the Giant's garden. The Giant felt confused and sad. One morning, he (5) __________ (hear) birds singing. He looked out and saw children (6) __________ (play) in the trees. The garden was full of flowers and birds. The Giant realized his mistake. He said, "How selfish (7) __________ (I) been!" He knocked down the wall and invited the children (8) __________ (come) back. From then on, the children played in the garden every day. The Giant learned that (9) __________ (share) joy brings more happiness. He no longer felt lonely, and the garden (10) __________ (be) always beautiful. 六、阅读还原（从 A—F 六个选项中选出五个填入短文空缺处，使短文完整、通顺） A. The children were afraid and ran away. B. He wondered why spring had not come to his garden. C. This made him realize his selfishness. D. The Giant changed his attitude and became kind. E. He closed the gate and built a high wall. F. The garden became lively again with the children's laughter. The Giant was very selfish. One day, he came back and found children playing in his garden. (1) __________ Then he drove them out. (2) __________ After that, no children came to play. Spring arrived everywhere else, but his garden remained winter. The Giant was puzzled. (3) __________ He waited, but nothing changed. One morning, he heard birds singing and saw children through a hole in the wall. (4) __________ The Giant decided to break down the wall and let the children play. (5) __________ He realized that sharing happiness is the true joy of life. 七、阅读理解 A Once upon a time, there was a rich man who had a large orchard. He loved his fruit trees very much and did not allow anyone to touch them. Every autumn, the trees gave delicious apples, but the rich man kept them all for himself. He never shared with the poor villagers. One year, a terrible storm destroyed all the trees except one. That tree stood alone and produced only one apple. The rich man waited for it to grow, but it never became sweet. He realized that his selfishness had taken away the blessing of sharing. He then decided to give away all his future apples to the village. The next year, the trees grew back strong and the apples were sweeter than ever. He learned that generosity brings joy to both the giver and the receiver. ( )1. What did the rich man love? A. His money. B. His fruit trees. C. The villagers. D. The storm. ( )2. What happened after the storm? A. All trees were fine. B. Only one tree remained and produced one apple. C. All trees produced more apples. D. The rich man gave away apples. ( )3. Why didn't the one apple become sweet? A. Because of the storm. B. Because the tree was sick. C. Because the rich man was selfish. D. Because the villagers stole it. ( )4. What did the rich man decide to do? A. To sell all apples. B. To give away future apples. C. To cut down the trees. D. To move away. ( )5. What is the moral of the story? A. Selfishness brings wealth. B. Generosity brings happiness and blessings. C. Storms destroy everything. D. Apples are not valuable. B Sharing is a fundamental human behavior that strengthens relationships and communities. Research shows that sharing releases oxytocin, a hormone that promotes bonding and trust. When people share, they experience a sense of connection and happiness. Moreover, sharing helps reduce stress and increases self-worth. In many cultures, sharing food, stories, and resources is considered a virtue. For example, in some indigenous communities, hunters share their catch with the whole village. This ensures that everyone is fed and that social bonds are maintained. In modern society, sharing can be as simple as lending a book or listening to a friend's problems. Acts of sharing, even small ones, can create a ripple effect of kindness. Ultimately, sharing is not about losing something; it's about multiplying joy and strengthening human ties. ( )6. What does sharing release according to research? A. Stress hormones. B. Oxytocin. C. Adrenaline. D. Cortisol. ( )7. How does sharing affect people's feelings? A. It makes them lonely. B. It creates connection and happiness. C. It causes conflict. D. It increases selfishness. ( )8. In some indigenous communities, what do hunters share? A. Their tools. B. Their catch. C. Their stories. D. Their land. ( )9. What is an example of simple sharing mentioned? A. Giving money. B. Lending a book. C. Building a wall. D. Shouting at others. ( )10. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Sharing is only important in traditional cultures. B. Sharing has physical and social benefits. C. Sharing makes you poorer. D. Sharing is a modern invention. C Dear Editor, I am a student and I have a friend who is very selfish. He never shares his snacks or notes with others, but he always asks for help. He also refuses to join group projects and takes credit for others' work. I feel angry and tired of this behavior. I have tried to talk to him, but he doesn't listen. Should I end this friendship or try to change him? I believe everyone has good qualities, but his selfishness is too much. Please give me some advice. Yours sincerely, Tom Dear Tom, Dealing with a selfish friend is challenging. First, you should protect your own feelings. Set clear boundaries. Let him know that you value fairness and sharing. If he continues, you may need to distance yourself. However, try to understand why he acts this way. Maybe he is insecure or has never learned to share. You can also suggest group activities that require cooperation. If he changes, that's great; if not, it's okay to move on. Remember, friendship should be mutual. Best, Editor ( )11. What is Tom's main problem? A. He is selfish. B. His friend is selfish. C. He doesn't like school. D. He has no friends. ( )12. What does the selfish friend do? A. He shares everything. B. He takes credit for others' work. C. He helps others. D. He is very generous. ( )13. What does the editor suggest Tom do first? A. End the friendship immediately. B. Set clear boundaries. C. Ignore the friend. D. Give the friend gifts. ( )14. Why might the selfish friend act that way? A. Because he is confident. B. Because he may be insecure. C. Because he hates Tom. D. Because he is too busy. ( )15. What is the editor's final advice? A. Always forgive. B. It's okay to move on if he doesn't change. C. Never give up. D. Report him to the teacher. 八、完形填空（阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案） Once there was a giant who lived in a big castle with a beautiful garden. He loved his garden but he didn't want (1) ______ to share it. Every day, children from the village would (2) ______ through the gate and play on the soft grass. The giant became angry and (3) ______ a high wall. He put up a sign that said "No entry". After that, the garden became quiet and (4) ______. The flowers stopped blooming and the birds flew away. Spring came to the (5) ______ world but not to the giant's garden. The giant felt lonely and (6) ______. One morning, he heard a child's laughter. He looked out and saw the children had (7) ______ a hole in the wall. The garden was full of life again. The giant realized his (8) ______ and knocked down the wall. He said, "This garden is for all of you." The children were (9) ______ and they played happily every day. From that day on, the giant learned that (10) ______ brings true happiness. ( )1. A. everyone B. anyone C. no one D. someone ( )2. A. run B. cry C. sleep D. work ( )3. A. built B. bought C. broke D. drew ( )4. A. lively B. colorful C. lifeless D. warm ( )5. A. other B. rest of the C. whole D. only ( )6. A. happy B. excited C. confused D. proud ( )7. A. made B. found C. closed D. covered ( )8. A. mistake B. achievement C. dream D. treasure ( )9. A. afraid B. delighted C. bored D. tired ( )10. A. selfishness B. sharing C. money D. power 九、阅读综合（阅读下面短文，完成表格并回答问题） The Generous King King Arthur was known for his generosity. He ruled a small kingdom and always shared his wealth with the poor. Every week, he held a feast in the castle and invited all the villagers. He listened to their problems and offered help. However, one of his advisors, Lord Cedric, was selfish. He advised the king to keep more gold and food for himself. The king refused and said, "A kingdom grows stronger when its people are happy and fed." One winter, a terrible famine struck the land. The king opened his storehouses and gave food to everyone. Lord Cedric hoarded his own supplies and refused to share. The villagers were grateful to the king and worked hard to rebuild the crops. In spring, the fields produced more harvest than ever. But Cedric's own fields were destroyed by pests because he had no one to help him. He realized that his selfishness had isolated him. He went to the king and apologized. The king forgave him and invited him to the next feast. Cedric then changed his ways and became generous too. Part A: 完成表格（每空不超过3词） Character Quality Action during famine Result King Arthur Generous Opened storehouses, gave food People were grateful, harvest grew Lord Cedric (1) __________ (2) __________ (3) __________ Part B: 根据短文回答问题（完整句子） 4. What did King Arthur do every week? ________________________________________________ 5. What happened to Lord Cedric's fields in spring? ________________________________________________ 6. Why did Cedric apologize to the king? ________________________________________________ 7. What lesson did Cedric learn? ________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、单词默写 1. selfish 2. giant 3. shout 4. gate 5. build 6. since 7. nor 8. hole 9. glad 10. afraid 二、词组默写 1. knock down 2. knock at/on the door/window 3. shout in anger / shout angrily 4. return / come back 5. lively 6. theirs 7. build a high wall 8. jump out of bed 三、根据要求完成句子 1. since 2. shouted 3. ran 4. built 5. why 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. hasn't seen 2. play 3. angrily 4. built 5. sang 6. had been (或was) 五、阅读填空 1. every/each 2. built 3. became 4. but 5. heard 6. playing 7. have I 8. to come 9. sharing 10. was 六、阅读还原（6选5） 1. A 2. E 3. B 4. F 5. C （D为多余项） 七、阅读理解 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. B 11. B 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. B 八、完形填空 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. B 九、阅读综合 Part A: 1. Selfish 2. Hoarded supplies, refused to share (或类似) 3. Fields destroyed by pests, isolated Part B: 4. He held a feast every week and invited villagers, listening to their problems and offering help. 5. His fields were destroyed by pests because he had no one to help him. 6. He realized his selfishness had isolated him and he wanted to change. 7. He learned that generosity brings happiness and support, while selfishness leads to isolation. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $