Unit 1 Look it up! 知识清单 2026-2027学年沪教版英语八年级上册

该初中英语知识清单围绕“人与社会：百科知识与信息检索”单元主题，系统梳理核心词汇、重点短语、经典句型及语法要点，搭建从词汇拓展到信息整合、从句型运用到百科写作的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类呈现（词汇含词义、拓展及例句，语法分some/any用法与复合不定代词规则）、分级设计（晨读默写清单聚焦基础词形转换，自我检测题覆盖语法应用与翻译）构建完整知识体系，如“intelligent—intelligence”词性对比强化词汇记忆，培养学生语言能力与学习能力，既便于学生自主预习复习，也为教师精准教学提供有力支持。

Unit 1 Look it up! 知识清单 沪教版深圳初中英语八年级上册新教材 单元主题 人与社会：百科知识与信息检索 核心问题 What can we learn from encyclopaedias? 语言目标 能识别百科条目的常见信息；能查找并整合百科资料；能谈论百科全书的发展历史；能写一篇简短百科条目。 适用场景 暑假预习、晨读背诵、单元复习、考前过关 一、单元核心词汇 单词 词义 拓展 例句 dinosaur n. 恐龙 die out 灭绝 Dinosaurs died out about 66 million years ago. intelligent adj. 聪明的 intelligence n. Da Vinci was extremely intelligent. talented adj. 有才能的 talent n. He was talented in many fields. artistic adj. 有艺术天赋的 artist n. He showed artistic talent from an early age. perhaps adv. 可能；也许 maybe 同义 The Mona Lisa is perhaps his most famous painting. vehicle n. 交通工具 flying vehicle 飞行器 His notebooks included drawings of vehicles. prehistoric adj. 史前的 pre- 前缀 Dinosaurs are prehistoric animals. completely adv. 完全地 complete adj./v. Scientists are not completely sure why. original adj. 原来的 origin n. The original encyclopaedias were printed books. organize v. 组织；安排 organization n. Editors organize information in alphabetical order. record v. 记录 record n./v. Encyclopaedias record human knowledge. whole adj. 全部的 the whole world Online encyclopaedias can serve the whole world. 二、重点短语 die out 灭绝 a type of 一种 be related to 与……属于同一种类 general education 通识教育 go back a long way 历史悠久 be similar to 与……相似 alphabetical order 字母顺序 play an important role 起到重要作用 look through 浏览 from an early age 从小 be famous for 以……闻名 learn more about 了解更多 三、重点句型 Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer and scientist. He was unusually talented in many different fields. His paintings and inventions changed the way we think about art and science. Dinosaurs are a type of prehistoric animal. The word dinosaur comes from two Greek words. Some were as small as chickens, and others were as big as ten elephants. Scientists are learning more and more about dinosaurs by studying their fossils. Encyclopaedias play an important role in general education. 四、语法聚焦：some / any；复合不定代词 项目 清单内容 some 常用于肯定句，也可用于表示请求或建议的疑问句。 any 常用于否定句和疑问句；也可表示“任何一个”。 复合不定代词 somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, nothing 等。 形容词后置 修饰复合不定代词时，形容词放在其后：something interesting。 主谓一致 复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 五、晨读默写清单 intelligent—intelligence talented—talent artistic—artist complete—completely original—origin organize—organization die out be related to alphabetical order something interesting 六、自我检测 1. Leonardo da Vinci was extremely i__________. 2. He was t__________ in many different fields. 3. Dinosaurs are p__________ animals. 4. Scientists are not c__________ sure why dinosaurs died out. 5. Encyclopaedias often arrange entries in alphabetical o__________. 6. artist 的形容词形式是 __________。 7. complete 的副词形式是 __________。 8. 与……属于同一种类：____________________ 9. 起到重要作用：____________________ 10. There is __________ milk in the bottle. (some / any) 11. Do you have __________ questions? (some / any) 12. I saw __________ interesting in the encyclopaedia. (something / anything) 13. There isn't __________ in the box. (something / anything) 14. Nobody __________ (know) the exact answer. 15. Is there __________ new in today's entry? 16. 翻译：恐龙大约在6600万年前灭绝。________________________________________ 17. 翻译：达·芬奇从小就表现出艺术天赋。________________________________________ 18. 用 something + adj. 写一句话：________________________________________ 19. 用 any 写一个疑问句：________________________________________ 20. 用 nobody 写一句话：________________________________________ 参考答案 1 intelligent 2 talented 3 prehistoric 4 completely 5 order 6 artistic 7 completely 8 be related to 9 play an important role 10 some 11 any 12 something 13 anything 14 knows 15 anything 16 Dinosaurs died out about 66 million years ago. 17 Da Vinci showed artistic talent from an early age. 18 示例：I found something useful online. 19 示例：Do you have any books about dinosaurs? 20 示例：Nobody is completely sure why dinosaurs died out. 沪教版英语八年级上册知识清单系列 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $