Unit 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD单元词汇导学案-2026-2027学年高一英语人教版必修第一册

2026-2027高一必修一第5单元词汇导学案 Unit 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD 1. billion /ˈbɪljən / n.十亿→million n.百万,无数; thousand千; hundred百 2. native /ˈneɪtɪv/ adj.出生地的;本地的;土著的 n.本地人be ~to...原产于...... 3. attitude /ˈætɪtju:d / n.态度;看法→Attitude determines altitude态度决定高度 4. refer / rɪˈfɜ:(r) / vi.提到;参考;查阅 vt.查询;求助于...(referred/ referred;referring) →reference /ˈrefrəns / n.指称关系;参考→ ~ to指的是;描述;提到;查阅 refer to a dictionary, an expert 查词典,询问专家→ ~ to...as...把......称为...... [词根]fer = 携带;运送;产生 (1)具体运送/携带-多指物理意义上的搬运 trans- (横跨;越过) + fer→从一处带到另一处→transfer转移;转换;调动 re- (回;再) + fer→把......“带回到”某人/处→refer提到;参考;涉及;转交给 con- (共同;一起) + fer →把意见和想法“带到一起”→confer商讨;授予 of- (ob-朝向) + fer→把......“带向”对方→offer (v./n.)提供;提议;出价 dis- (分开;离开) + fer →分开携带 →走向不同→differ不同;有区别 (2)抽象运送/产生-多指产生抽象的结果、状态或关系。 in- (进入) + fer → 带进去 →infer v.推论出, 推断 pre- (在...之前) + fer →提前/先带走的→prefer (v.)更喜欢；宁愿 suf- (sub-下) + fer→带到下面去→suffer (v.)遭受;忍受;受苦 5. system /ˈsɪstəm / n.体系;制度;系统→systematic系统的;有条理的systematically adv. the nervous/ digestive system 神经/消化系统; ecosystem n.生态系统 6. despite /dɪˈspaɪt / prep. 即使;尽管=in spite of Despite repeated assurances that the product is safe, many people have stopped buying it. He managed to eat a big lunch despite having eaten an enormous breakfast. 7. ups and downs 浮沉;兴衰;荣辱Every relationship has a lot of ups and downs. 8. factor n.因素;要素→element n.成分;要/元素;分子ingredient n.成分; 因素 9. base /beɪs/ vt. 以…为据点;以……为基础 n. 底部;根据→based /beɪst/ adj.以.....为 基础的;以…为重要部分(或特征)的→basic adj基/根本的;基础的; basically adv 基本上; 根本上; 本质上; basement n地下室 My knowledge of physics is pretty basic. Despite her criticisms, she is basically very fond of you. 10. date back (to ...) 追溯到I discovered paintings dating back to(from) the17th century. 11. bone / bəʊn / n.骨头;骨(质) backbone n.脊椎; 骨干; 中枢 He was skin and bone after his illness. 12. shell /ʃel / n.壳;壳状物 13. symbol /ˈsɪmbl / n. 符号;象征→symbolic adj符号的; ; 象徵(性)的→symbolize(-ise) v.作为......的符号或标志; 象徵......The cross is symbolic of Christianity. The lighting of the Olympic torch symbolizes peace and friendship among the nations of the world.(syn. represent;stand for) 14. carve / kɑ:v / vt. & vi 雕刻 15. dynasty /ˈdɪnəsti/ n.王朝;朝代during the Ming dynasty 在明朝 16. variety /vəˈraɪəti/ n. (植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化→vary v. various adj. The girls come from a variety of different backgrounds.(=varieties of) There is a wide diversity of opinion on the question of unilateral disarmament. 17. major /ˈmeɪdʒə(r)/ adj.主/重要的;大的 n.主修课程/学生 vi.主修;专门研究 →majority n.多数;大多数;过半数 [anto.] minority n.少数,少数民族 She majored in maths and physics (at university). 18. no matter where, who, what, etc. 不论……;不管…… wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you. 19. dialect /'daɪəlekt/ n.地方话;方言-accent n.重音; 口音, 腔调 [词根]dia-在...之间+lect-①讲；说→dialect方言 [联想]lecture n.演讲;教训； intel-在...中间+ lect-②选择→在...之间选择→intellect n.智力, 知识分子, 理解力 collect收集,搜集select挑选,选择elect选出；选举neglect疏忽;忽略 20. means /mi:nz/ n.[sing or pl v] 方式;方法;途径→by all means (fml) =yes, of course; certainly 当然可以 by means of sth用某办法by no means= not at all 绝不; 一点都不All possible means have been tried. 21. classic /ˈklæsɪk/ adj.传统的;最优秀的;典型的 n.经典作品;名著classical adj.古典的,古典主义的 22. regard /rɪˈgɑ:d/ n.尊重;关注  vt.把……视为;看待→regarding prep.对/关/至于: She said nothing regarding your request. 她对你的要求只字不提. Your work is highly regarded. 你的工作很受重视. Please give/send my regards to your brother. 请代为向令兄致意. I have nothing to say with/in regard to your complaints.对于你的投诉, 我无可奉告. He continued speaking, regardless of my feelings on the matter.(prep.不理会;不管/顾) 23. character /'kærəktə(r)/ n.文字;符号;角色;品质;特点→characteristic n.特性, 特色, 特征adj.特有的; 典型的; 24. calligraphy / kəˈlɪɡrəfi / n.书法;书法艺术→calligrapher n.书法家 [词根]calli- 美 +graph写+-y→写的美→calligraphy 书法 [联想]photograph n.照片-photography n.摄影,摄影术; telegraph n.电报telegraphy n. 电信术,电信; biography n.传记; geography n.地理学; 地理; autograph n.亲笔(签名) autobiography n.自传 paragraph n.段,节 25. global /'gləʊbəl/ adj.全球的;全世界的→globe n.球;地球(仪); globally adv. 26. affair /əˈfeə(r)/n.公共事务;事件;关系 current/ foreign/ world affairs 时事/外交/世界事务 27. appreciate /ə'pri:ʃieɪt / vt. 欣赏;重视;感激;领会  vi.增值→appreciation n.赏识, 鉴识, 感激 appreciative adj ~ (of sth)有欣赏力的;表示赏识的;感激的: an appreciative letter, audience, look 感谢信/表示欣赏的观众/赏识的神情 I'm most appreciative of your generosity. 我对你的慷慨感激之至. She smiled appreciatively at him.她感激地冲他笑了笑。(adv.) I'd appreciate it if you let me get on with my job. 28. specific /spəˈsɪfɪk/ adj.特定的;明确的;具体的-[syn]detailed;precise;exact; concrete specific instructions/aims 明确的指示/目标 The houses are specifically designed for old people.这些房子是专为老年人设计的. 29. CE /ˌsi: ˈi:/ (Common Era) 公元 30. struggle /ˈstrʌgl/ n.&vi.斗争;奋斗;搏斗 31. tongue /tʌŋ/ n.舌头;语言mother tongue母语tongue-twister绕口令 She sells seashells on the seashore. 32. point of view观点;看法 = viewpoint；perspective 33. semester /sɪˈmestə(r)/ n.学期 34. gas /ɡæs/ n.汽油;气体;燃气→petrol /'petrəl/ n. (NAmE gas ) 汽油 35. subway /'sʌbweɪ/ n.(BrE underground) 地铁 36. apartment /ə'pɑ:tmənt/ n.(especially NAmE) 公寓套房=flat n公寓;单元房 37. pants / pænts / n. [pl.] (BrE )内裤;短裤;(especially NAmE )裤子 38. beg /beg/ vt. 恳/祈/哀求;There are more and more homeless people begging (beg) on the streets these days. 39. equal /'i:kwəl / v.等于; 比得上n.同等的人;相等物 adj. 相同的;同样的 Women are demanding equal pay for equal work. They are equally clever. 他们一样聪明. The rent was equal to half his monthly income. Prices should become more stable when supply equals demand.供求相等时，价格 应变得更为稳定。 All men are created equal.人人生而平等。 40. gap /gæp/ n.间隔;开口;差距generation gap 代沟 41. demand /dɪˈmɑ:nd/ n.要求;需求  vt. 强烈要求;需要 vi.查问→demanding adj.要求高的；苛刻的 42. vocabulary /və'kæbjələri / n.词汇-enlarge/ expand vocabulary 43. description /dɪˈskrɪpʃn/ n.描写(文字);形容→describe v. 44. relate /rɪˈleɪt / vt.联系;讲述→relate to 与……相关;涉及;谈到 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $2026-2027高一必修一第5单元词汇导学案 Unit 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD 1.  /ˈbɪljən / n.十亿→million n.百万,无数; 千;hundred百 2.  /ˈneɪtɪv/ adj.出生地的;本地的;土著的 n.本地人be ~to...原产于...... 3. attitude /ˈætɪtju:d / n.态度;看法→ altitude态度决定高度 4. refer / rɪˈfɜ:(r) / vi.提到;参考;查阅 vt.查询;求助于...(referred/ referred; ) →  /ˈrefrəns / n.指称关系;参考→ ~ to指的是;描述;提到;查阅 refer to a dictionary, an expert 查词典,询问专家→ ~ to...as...把......称为...... [词根]fer = 携带;运送;产生 (1)具体运送/携带-多指物理意义上的搬运 trans- (横跨;越过) + fer→从一处带到另一处→ 转移;转换;调动 re- (回;再) + fer→把......“带回到”某人/处→ 提到;参考;涉及;转交给 con- (共同;一起) +fer→把意见和想法“带到一起”→confer商讨;授予 会议 of- (ob-朝向) + fer→把......“带向”对方→ (v./n.)提供;提议;出价 dis- (分开;离开) + fer →分开携带 →走向不同→ 不同;有区别 不同的 (2)抽象运送/产生-多指产生抽象的结果、状态或关系。 in- (进入) + fer → 带进去 → v.推论出, 推断 pre- (在...之前) + fer →提前/先带走的→ (v.)更喜欢；宁愿 suf- (sub-下) + fer→带到下面去→ (v.)遭受;忍受;受苦 5.  /ˈsɪstəm / n.体系;制度;系统→systematic系统的;有条理的systematically adv. the nervous/ digestive system 神经/消化系统; n.生态系统 6.  /dɪˈspaɪt / prep. 即使;尽管=in spite of Despite repeated assurances that the product is safe, many people have stopped buying it. He managed to eat a big lunch eaten an enormous breakfast. 7. ups and downs 浮沉;兴衰;荣辱Every relationship has a lot of ups and downs. 8. n.因素;要素→element n.成分;要/元素;分子ingredient n.成分; 因素 9. base /beɪs/ vt. 以…为据点;以…为基础 n. 底部;根据→  /beɪst/ adj.以.....为基础的;以…为重要部分(或特征)的→ adj基/根本的;基础的; adv 基本上; 根本上; 本质上; basement n地下室 My knowledge of physics is pretty . Despite her criticisms, she is basically very fond of you. 10. date back (to ...) 追溯到I discovered paintings back to(from) the17th century. 11.  / bəʊn / n.骨头;骨(质) backbone n.脊椎; 骨干; 中枢 He was skin and bone after his illness. 12. shell /ʃel / n.壳;壳状物 13.  /ˈsɪmbl / n. 符号;象征→ adj符号的; ; 象徵(性)的→symbolize (-ise) v.作为......的符号或标志; 象徵......The cross is symbolic of Christianity. The lighting of the Olympic torch peace and friendship among the nations of the world.(syn. represent;stand for) 14. carve / kɑ:v / vt. & vi 雕刻 15. dynasty /ˈdɪnəsti/ n.王朝;朝代during the Ming 在明朝 16.  /vəˈraɪəti/ n. (植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化→vary v. adj. The girls come from different backgrounds.(=varieties of) There is a wide d of opinion on the question of unilateral disarmament. 17.  /ˈmeɪdʒə(r)/ adj.主/重要的;大的 n.主修课程/学生 vi.主修;专门研究 →majority n.多数;大多数;过半数 [anto.] n.少数,少数民族 She majored in maths and physics (at university). 18. no matter where, who, what, etc. 不论……;不管……(=wh-+ever) wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you. 19. /'daɪəlekt/ n.地方话;方言-accent n.重音; 口音, 腔调 [词根]dia-在...之间+lect-①讲；说→dialect方言 [联想] n.演讲;教训； intel-在...中间+ lect-②选择→在...之间选择→ n.智力, 知识份子, 理解力 collect收集,搜集select挑选,选择elect选出；选举neglect疏忽;忽略 20. means /mi:nz/ n.[sing or pl v] 方式;方法;途径→ (fml) =yes, of course; certainly 当然可以 by means of sth用某办法 = not at all 绝不; 一点都不All possible means have been tried. 21.  /ˈklæsɪk/ adj.传统的;最优秀的;典型的 n.经典作品;名著classical adj.古典的,古典主义的 22. regard /rɪˈgɑ:d/ n.尊重;关注  vt.把……视为;看待→ prep.对/关/至於: She said nothing regarding your request. 她对你的要求只字不提. Your work is highly regarded. 你的工作很受重视. Please give/send my to your brother. 请代为向令兄致意. I have nothing to say with/in regard to your complaints.对于你的投诉, 我无可奉告. He continued speaking, my feelings on the matter.(prep.不理会;不管/顾) 23.  /'kærəktə(r)/ n.文字;符号;角色;品质;特点→characteristic n.特性, 特色, 特征adj.特有的; 典型的; 24.  / kəˈlɪɡrəfi / n.书法;书法艺术→calligrapher n.书法家 [词根]calli-美+graph写+-y→写的美→calligraphy 书法 [联想] n.照片-photography n.摄影,摄影术; n.电报telegraphy n. 电信术,电信; biography n.传记; geography n.地理学; 地理; autograph n.亲笔(签名) autobiography n.自传 n.段,节 25. global /'gləʊbəl/ adj.全球的;全世界的→ n.球;地球(仪); globally adv. 26.  /əˈfeə(r)/n.公共事务;事件;关系 current/ foreign/ world affairs 时事/外交/世界事务 27. appreciate /ə'pri:ʃieɪt / vt. 欣赏;重视;感激;领会  vi.增值→ n.赏识, 鉴识, 感激 appreciative adj ~ (of sth)有欣赏力的;表示赏识的;感激的: an appreciative letter/audience/look 感谢信/表示欣赏的观众/赏识的神情 I'm most appreciative of your generosity. 我对你的慷慨感激之至. She smiled appreciatively at him.她感激地冲他笑了笑。(adv.) ★I'd appreciate it if you let me get on with my job. 28. /spəˈsɪfɪk/adj.特定的;明确的;具体的-[syn]detailed;precise;exact; concrete specific instructions/aims 明确的指示/目标 The houses are designed for old people.这些房子是专为老年人设计的. 29. CE /ˌsi: ˈi:/ (Common Era) 公元 30.  /ˈstrʌgl/ n.&vi.斗争;奋斗;搏斗 31. tongue /tʌŋ/ n.舌头;语言 母语tongue-twister绕口令 She sells seashells on the seashore. 32. point of view观点;看法 = ；perspective. from sb's perspective在...看来 33. semester /sɪˈmestə(r)/ n.学期 34. gas /ɡæs/ n.汽油;气体;燃气→  /'petrəl/ n. (NAmE gas ) 汽油 35.  /'sʌbweɪ/ n.(BrE underground) 地铁 36.  /ə'pɑ:tmənt/ n.(especially NAmE) 公寓套房=flat n公寓;单元房 37. pants / pænts / n. [pl.] (BrE )内裤;短裤;(especially NAmE )裤子 38. beg /beg/ vt. 恳/祈/哀求;There are more and more homeless people (beg) on the streets these days. 39. /'i:kwəl / v.等于; 比得上n.同等的人;相等物 adj. 相同的;同样的 Women are demanding equal pay for equal work. They are clever. 他们一样聪明. The rent half his monthly income. Prices should become more stable when supply equals demand.供求相等时，价格 应变得更为稳定。 All men are created .人人生而平等。 40. gap /gæp/ n.间隔;开口;差距 代沟 41. demand /dɪˈmɑ:nd/ n.要求;需求  vt. 强烈要求;需要 vi.查问→ adj.要求高的；苛刻的He demands that he be told/demands to be told everything. 他要求将一切都告诉他. 42.  /və'kæbjələri / n.词汇-enlarge/ expand vocabulary 43. /dɪˈskrɪpʃn/ n.描写(文字);形容→describe v.(构词法讲解) 44. relate /rɪˈleɪt / vt.联系;讲述→ 与……相关;涉及;谈到 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $