内容正文:
2026秋季期初升高英语衔接
第 4课时 There be句式/感叹句/否定句/并列句
一、There be 句型
There be 句型是存在句,译为:有……。专门用来表达存在某物/某人。 结构:There+be动词+主语+其他。 核心考点 :主谓一致(遵循就近原则)
例句:
There is a book on the desk.(一本书,单数)桌上有一本书。
There are two rulers and a pen in the bag.(最近 rulers 复数,用 are)包里有两把尺子一支钢笔。
易混辨析:There has a book. 错误
There is a book. 正确
巩固练习:用 be动词的正确形式填空
1. There ______ a blackboard in our classroom.
2. There ______ five chairs beside the window.
3. There ______ some milk in the bottle just now.
4. There ______ two pens and a notebook on the desk yesterday.
5. There ______ an apple and three oranges on the plate now.
答案:
1. is 2. are 3. was 4. were 5. is
二、How/What感叹句
用以表示快乐、痛苦等强烈感情的句子称为感叹句。感叹句有用how或what开头的两种形式。
1.How开头的感叹句
(1) How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他。
How beautiful the flower is! 多么漂亮的一朵花啊!
(2) How+形容词/副词,省略主语和谓语。
How interesting it is! (它)真有趣啊!
2.What开头的感叹句
What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语。
What a nice horse it is!多么好的一匹马啊!
句子翻译:他真是个聪明的男孩!
1. (What 感叹句)
2. (How 感叹句)
答案:
1. What a clever boy he is!
2. How clever the boy is!
三、陈述句的否定式
1. 含be动词、助动词、情态动词的否定
如果句子中有be,have,do或情态动词,在它们之后加not构成否定句。
例:Tom can't swim. 汤姆不会游泳。
2. 实义动词的否定
如果句子的动词是实义动词,在谓语前加do的相应形式后再加not, 缩写为don’t/doesn’t/didn’t。
例:They didn’t want to take pictures. 他们不想拍照片。
3. 还可用no,hardly,never,nobody,nothing等构成的否定句。两者的全部否定用neither或nor,部分否定用both+not。
例:Neither of them knows French. 他们俩都不懂法语。
Both of them don't know French. 他们俩不是都懂法语。
4. 三者或三者以上的全部否定用none,nothing,nobody,no one等,部分否定用all,many,every加not构成。
例:None of these answers are right. 这些答案都不对。
All these books are not mine. 这些书不都是我的。
5. 在某些句子中,从句中的否定词not被移前到主句的谓语动词中,叫做否定前置。这种否定提前的情况通常用于think,believe,suppose等动词。
例:I don't believe it will be very cold tomorrow. 我认为明天不会很冷。
练习:
1.I have sons and daughters.(改为否定句)
__________________________________________________
2.All of us are teenagers.(改为否定句)
__________________________________________________
答案:
1. I don't have sons or daughters.
2. None of us are students.
四、并列句
并列句是由并列连词把两个或两个以上平等而又独立的分句(即简单句)连接而成的句子。并列句的句式为:简单句+并列连词+简单句。
1.表联合
常用的连词有and(同,和),not only...but (also)...(不仅……而且……),neither...nor...(既不……也不……)等。
例:He helps me and I also help him. 他帮我并且我也帮他。
He not only gave us a lot of advice, but he also helped us to study English.
他不仅给我们很多建议,而且也帮我们学习英语。
2.表选择
常用的连词有or (或者,否则),either...or (不是……就是)等。
例:Hurry up,or you'll be late. 快点儿,否则你会迟到。
Either Tom is coming or his sisters are. 要么是汤姆要来,要么是他姐姐们要来。
3.表转折
常用的连词有but (但是,可是),while (而,却),yet (可是)等。
例:I'm very busy today but I will be free tomorrow. 我今天非常忙,但是明天有空。
I like tea while she likes coffee. 我喜欢茶,而她喜欢咖啡。
She said she would be late,yet she arrived on time. 她说她会迟到,但还是准时到达。
4.表因果
常用的连词有for (因为),so (所以,因此)等。
例:I am thirsty,for it is hot. 因为天气热,我有点口渴。
Mother was ill so I looked after her in the hospital.
因为妈妈生病了,所以我在医院照顾她。
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