Unit 4 英语阅读专项训练 2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 依托自然动植物主题，融合完形填空与阅读理解，通过词义辨析、细节定位等方法系统训练单元核心词汇与中考题型，逻辑链清晰。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|10小题|形容词/副词词义辨析、固定搭配（如play a part）|围绕bamboo等核心词汇，构建“植物特征-生态关联-保护意义”概念链| |阅读理解|15小题（3篇）|细节理解（直接定位）、主旨归纳（全文概括）、词义猜测（语境推断）|以“生态系统相互依存”为主线，串联动植物特征、人类影响等主题内容|

人教版八年级上册Unit 4 英语阅读专项训练 命题说明 本套阅读练习依托八年级上册Unit 4自然动植物、生态环境主题进行命题，全部选用本单元核心词汇、短语与重点句型，题型贴合中考英语阅读标准，包含完形填空1篇、阅读理解A/B/C三篇，难度循序渐进，适合单元课后巩固、课堂限时训练以及单元小测使用。试题无超纲词汇，素材选取自然科普类短文，贴近中学生英语阅读训练要求。 第一部分 完形填空（10小题，每小题2分，共20分） 阅读短文，掌握其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Many kinds of plants and animals live on our planet. Bamboo is very 1 in China. It looks like a tall tree, but 2 it is a kind of grass. When spring comes, new 3 of bamboo appear from the land. It can grow very fast. Lots of animals live near bamboo forests. Pandas are the most famous ones. Butterflies with beautiful 4 also like to stay around bamboo. Some frogs choose the wet places covered with green 5. All these lives are 6 with each other. In fact, they play an important part in the local ecosystem. People should 7 these plants and animals. For this reason, many provinces build special parks. If we 8 these natural homes, many wildlife will feel disappointed. We can 9 imagine a world without different plants and animals. They make our earth lively. In order to keep the balance of nature, everyone needs to 10 a part. 1. A. popular B. boring C. difficult D. strange 2. A. nearly B. actually C. luckily D. recently 3. A. tools B. honey C. shoots D. roses 4. A. wings B. feathers C. fingers D. leaves 5. A. redwood B. moss C. ginkgo D. peony 6. A. connected B. compared C. covered D. filled 7. A. meet B. protect C. watch D. study 8. A. lose B. store C. break D. build 9. A. easily B. slowly C. hardly D. clearly 10. A. play B. take C. make D. give 第二部分 阅读理解（A、B、C三篇，15小题，每小题3分，共45分） Passage A Many people love folding fans. Most traditional folding fans in China are made of bamboo. They have a long history and become popular around the world. You can see pictures of peonies, lotuses or ginkgo leaves on many fans. Bamboo is not a tree. It is a kind of grass. New bamboo shoots usually appear in spring. They grow fast. Some can grow more than one meter in a week. Bamboo is a great tool for people. We can make fans, chairs and many other things with it. It is also home to lots of animals. Pandas feed on bamboo. Small frogs and butterflies often stay in bamboo forests. The ecosystem of bamboo forests is special. All living things here are connected with one another. Butterflies help pollinate plants. Ants clean the land. In fact, 30 per cent of wildlife in southern China depends on bamboo forests. It is important for us to protect bamboo forests. If we cut too many bamboo plants, many animals will lose their homes and feel disappointed. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 11. What are most traditional Chinese folding fans made of? A. Rose wood B. Bamboo C. Redwood D. Moss 12. What can we learn about bamboo? A. It is a kind of tree. B. It grows slowly in winter. C. New shoots often come out in spring. D. Few animals like to live near bamboo. 13. What does the underlined word “pollinate” mean in Chinese? A. 授粉 B. 储藏 C. 交流 D. 降落 14. How much wildlife in southern China depends on bamboo forests? A. 10% B. 30% C. 50% D. 70% 15. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How people make beautiful folding fans B. Different kinds of plants in Chinese forests C. The importance of bamboo and bamboo forests D. Animals that only feed on bamboo Passage B Our planet has many lively ecosystems. Forests, lakes and oceans are all home to different living things. Every plant and animal has its role. They are connected with each other. Let’s look at flowers and butterflies. Butterflies have beautiful wings. They fly from one flower to another. They carry pollen and help pollination. For this reason, more fruit and seeds can grow. Without butterflies, many plants cannot make new young shoots. Some frogs feed on small insects around flowers. Ants clean dead leaves on the land. All of them play a part in nature. Human beings are part of the ecosystem too. But sometimes we bring problems. We cut too many redwood trees and moss disappears. Some animals cannot find enough food. They may disappear. We should understand the importance of nature. We do not want to live on a quiet planet without butterflies, frogs or beautiful flowers. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 16. What does the first paragraph mainly tell us? A. Oceans are the biggest ecosystem. B. All living things in nature are connected. C. There are many kinds of flowers in forests. D. People can change the ecosystem easily. 17. How do butterflies help plants? A. They eat bad insects. B. They carry pollen for pollination. C. They make the land wet. D. They store food for plants. 18. What will happen if there are no butterflies? A. Frogs will have more food. B. Ants will lose their homes. C. Many plants can’t grow new shoots. D. More flowers will come out. 19. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Moss can grow very tall like redwood. B. Human activities never change nature. C. Every living thing plays a role in nature. D. All plants need butterflies to grow. 20. What is the writer’s advice? A. We should protect the natural ecosystem. B. We can plant more bamboo in provinces. C. We must watch butterflies every day. D. We need to cut fewer flowers. Passage C Cheetahs are strong animals from Africa. They can run very fast. But today, cheetahs meet big problems. Their home becomes smaller and smaller. Many people want to help them. Cheetahs live on land. They like open grasslands. They look for small animals for food. They weigh about 50 kg. Their bodies are small but lively. Cheetahs have thin bodies and long legs. They can run more than 100 km an hour. Except for some kinds of birds, few animals can run faster than them. Sadly, the number of wild cheetahs becomes smaller. People build towns and roads. Grasslands turn into farmland. Cheetahs cannot find enough food. Some baby cheetahs cannot live long. For this reason, many animal groups work hard to protect cheetahs. They hope to make more safe home for cheetahs. They believe small actions can make a big difference. If we try our best, we can live up to the hope and save these beautiful animals. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 21. Where do cheetahs come from? A. Asia B. Africa C. Europe D. North America 22. How heavy is a cheetah according to the passage? A. About 15 kg B. About 30 kg C. About 50 kg D. About 80 kg 23. Why do wild cheetahs have fewer homes? A. The climate gets too cold. B. People change the grasslands. C. Many animals eat their food. D. There is not enough water. 24. What does “live up to” in the last paragraph mean? A. 达到；符合 B. 寻找；搜寻 C. 等待；等候 D. 照顾；照料 25. What is the best title for the passage? A. Fast African cheetahs and their problems B. Different lively animals on our planet C. How to protect all kinds of birds D. Grasslands in different provinces 参考答案与详细解析 一、完形填空 参考答案 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.C 10.A 完形填空逐题解析 1. 答案：A popular 考点解析：形容词词义辨析。popular为本单元核心词汇，句意：竹子在中国十分受欢迎。boring（无聊的）；difficult（困难的）；strange（奇怪的）均不符合语境。 2. 答案：B actually 考点解析：副词词义辨析。actually单元重点单词，表示“实际上”。句意：它看起来像大树，但实际上是一种草。nearly（几乎）；luckily（幸运地）；recently（最近）不符合逻辑。 3. 答案：C shoots 考点解析：名词词义辨析。shoot 文中含义“幼苗，嫩芽”，bamboo shoots 竹笋，固定搭配。tool（工具）；honey（蜂蜜）；rose（玫瑰）和春天竹子生长的语境无关。 4. 答案：A wings 考点解析：名词词义辨析。wing意为翅膀，蝴蝶拥有漂亮的翅膀。feather（羽毛）；finger（手指）；leaf（树叶）不符合蝴蝶特征。 5. 答案：B moss 考点解析：名词词义辨析。moss苔藓，常生长在潮湿地面。redwood（红杉）；ginkgo（银杏）；peony（牡丹）不生长在低矮潮湿地面。 6. 答案：A connected 考点解析：形容词词义辨析。be connected with 单元重点短语，意为相互关联。compare（对比）；cover（覆盖）；fill（填满）和生态语境不符。 7. 答案：B protect 考点解析：动词词义辨析。protect意为保护。句意：人类应当保护动植物。meet（遇见）；watch（观看）；study（学习）语义不通。 8. 答案：C break 考点解析：动词词义辨析。break意为破坏。句意：如果我们破坏它们的自然家园，野生动物将会失望。lose（丢失）；store（储存）；build（建造）不符合句意。 9. 答案：C hardly 考点解析：副词词义辨析。hardly几乎不。句意：我们几乎无法想象一个没有动植物的世界。easily（轻易地）；slowly（缓慢地）；clearly（清晰地）逻辑错误。 10. 答案：A play 考点解析：固定短语。play a part 单元重点短语，表示参与，发挥作用。其余动词无法构成搭配。 二、阅读理解参考答案及解析 Passage A 答案：11.B 12.C 13.A 14.B 15.C 11. 答案：B 考点解析：细节理解题。原文第一段“Most traditional folding fans in China are made of bamboo.”直接找到答案。 12. 答案：C 考点解析：细节判断题。文章第二段“New bamboo shoots usually appear in spring.”匹配C选项。文中说明竹子不是树，A错误；竹子生长很快，B错误；很多动物生活在竹林，D错误。 13. 答案：A 考点解析：词义猜测题。pollinate为本单元单词，含义授粉。结合蝴蝶在花丛间飞行的常识也可判断词义。 14. 答案：B 考点解析：细节理解题。原文第三段“In fact, 30 per cent of wildlife in southern China depends on bamboo forests.”获取答案。 15. 答案：C 考点解析：主旨大意题。全文围绕竹子以及竹林生态系统的重要性展开。其余选项只是文章局部细节，无法概括全文。 Passage B 答案：16.B 17.B 18.C 19.C 20.A 16. 答案：B 考点解析：段落主旨题。第一段中心句“Every plant and animal has its role. They are connected with each other.”对应选项B。 17. 答案：B 考点解析：细节理解题。第二段“They carry pollen and help pollination.”直接得出答案。 18. 答案：C 考点解析：细节理解题。第二段“Without butterflies, many plants cannot make new young shoots.”匹配选项。 19. 答案：C 考点解析：细节判断题。文章第二段“Every plant and animal has its role.”和C选项表述一致。其余选项和原文内容冲突。 20. 答案：A 考点解析：推理判断题。文章讲述自然生态面临危机，呼吁大家保护生态系统。 Passage C 答案：21.B 22.C 23.B 24.A 25.A 21. 答案：B 考点解析：细节理解题。第一段“Cheetahs are strong animals from Africa.”直接定位答案。 22. 答案：C 考点解析：细节理解题。第二段“They weigh about 50 kg.”获取信息。 23. 答案：B 考点解析：细节理解题。第三段“People build towns and roads. Grasslands turn into farmland.”说明人类活动改变草原，猎豹栖息地减少。 24. 答案：A 考点解析：短语释义题。live up to 单元重点短语，含义达到；符合。live up to the hope 不负期望。 25. 答案：A 考点解析：标题归纳题。文章首先介绍猎豹，随后讲述猎豹生存面临的难题，A选项概括全文内容。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $