高考英语综合训练卷 A35-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

原创高考英语综合训练卷 A35 教师解析版 考试时间：100分钟　满分：120分 注意事项：1. 答题前填写个人信息；2. 选择题选出答案后按要求作答；3. 本卷解析供教师讲评使用。 第一部分　阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Riverside Reading Room — Tuesday, 18:30–20:00. Bring a short piece of writing that changed how you noticed an ordinary place. After a ten-minute silent reading, participants exchange questions in groups of four. The session is intended for readers aged sixteen and above; no public speaking experience is required. Neighbourhood Repair Table — Thursday, 17:00–19:30. Volunteer technicians help residents examine small household objects before deciding whether to repair or replace them. Electrical items are accepted only after an online safety form has been completed, and each visitor may bring one object. Night Garden Survey — Friday, 19:15–21:00. A local ecologist leads a slow walk to record moths and other night insects without collecting them. Participants should wear closed shoes and cover bright phone screens with the red film provided. The walk is postponed if heavy rain is forecast. Kitchen Stories Exchange — Saturday, 15:00–17:00. Residents demonstrate one food-preparation technique and explain the family or regional history behind it. Ingredients are supplied, but anyone with an allergy must contact the organizer by Wednesday. Recipes and recorded stories will be added to the community archive. 21. Who must complete a form before attending? A. A participant in the reading room. B. A visitor bringing an electrical object. C. A volunteer joining the insect survey. D. A cook contributing a family recipe. 22. What are participants asked to do during the Night Garden Survey? A. Collect several insect samples. B. Use red-covered phone screens. C. Wear equipment supplied by the ecologist. D. Continue the walk in heavy rain. 23. What do the four activities have in common? A. They turn local knowledge into shared learning. B. They require participants to book in groups. C. They are designed mainly for professional researchers. D. They produce objects for sale to the public. B At seventeen, Arun had learned to avoid the railway underpass near his school. Its hard walls multiplied every passing engine, and people with hearing aids often described the space as a storm of metal. When the town announced a student project on public places, Arun proposed reducing the noise. He expected to begin with acoustic panels; his physics teacher asked him to begin with listening. Arun interviewed commuters at different hours and marked where conversations became difficult. A station cleaner pointed out that the loudest moments did not always occur when a train passed. Trolley wheels struck a broken drainage cover, creating a sharp repeated sound that Arun's phone application had averaged into the general background. He realized that a single number could conceal the event that mattered most to users. The transport office could not immediately rebuild the underpass, but it allowed a small trial. Arun's team fitted rubber strips around the cover and hung two removable panels near, rather than directly opposite, the concrete wall. The first arrangement reduced echoes but blocked a sightline used by cyclists. After observing several near collisions, the students moved one panel and accepted a slightly smaller acoustic improvement. Three months later, the underpass was not silent, yet recorded sound peaks were lower and commuters reported less strain. Arun's final presentation included the design they had rejected. He explained that a public solution should not optimize one measurement while making another person's journey less safe. The project taught him that careful engineering begins when data and lived experience are allowed to correct each other. 24. Why did Arun's teacher ask him to begin with listening? A. To delay the purchase of acoustic panels. B. To understand the problem from users' experience. C. To prove that trains were not the main noise source. D. To teach commuters how to use hearing aids. 25. What did the cleaner help Arun discover? A. A brief sound event was hidden by an average measure. B. The drainage system amplified every passing engine. C. Commuters preferred trolley noise to human voices. D. His phone application recorded the wrong time. 26. Why was one panel moved? A. It failed to reduce any echo. B. It interfered with cyclists' visibility. C. It prevented workers from repairing the cover. D. It produced a new high-pitched sound. 27. What did Arun learn from the project? A. Public design should balance measurements with human consequences. B. The quietest design is always the safest one. C. Temporary trials rarely improve engineering decisions. D. Personal reports are more reliable than recorded data. C In dry coastal regions, fog can carry water even when clouds produce no rain. Fog collectors make use of this difference. Fine mesh is stretched vertically so that tiny airborne droplets strike its fibres, combine into larger drops and run down into a channel. The device contains no pump, but its apparent simplicity can be misleading. A mesh that catches many droplets may also obstruct airflow, pushing moist air around rather than through the collector. Researchers therefore test not only how much surface the material provides but also how easily wind crosses it. Fibre shape, spacing and the angle of the structure can alter performance more than simply adding another layer. Location matters just as much as material. Two collectors separated by a short distance can receive very different amounts of fog because hills redirect wind. Before installing a large system, project teams often use small instruments to map wind direction and seasonal fog frequency. This preliminary work prevents an efficient mesh from being placed where little usable moisture arrives. Collected water can support tree nurseries or supplement community supplies, but it still requires testing and maintenance. Salt, dust and biological material may gather on the mesh or enter storage tanks. Fog collection is therefore best understood not as free water from the air, but as a locally adapted system whose success depends on atmospheric knowledge, sound design and long-term care. 28. Why can adding more mesh reduce a collector's performance? A. It may redirect moist air away from the fibres. B. It causes droplets to evaporate immediately. C. It prevents water from entering the storage channel. D. It makes seasonal fog less frequent. 29. What is the purpose of preliminary mapping? A. To identify locations with useful wind and fog conditions. B. To compare fog water with underground supplies. C. To determine how many trees a nursery can grow. D. To remove salt before water reaches a tank. 30. What does the word “supplement” in the last paragraph most nearly mean? A. Test. B. Replace. C. Add to. D. Transport. 31. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Fog collectors work well only when their simple principle is adapted carefully. B. Coastal communities should replace rainfall records with fog maps. C. The newest mesh materials have solved the problem of water shortage. D. Wind speed is the only reliable guide to collector placement. D Digital tools are often praised for removing friction: one click buys a product, an automatic suggestion completes a sentence, and a route appears before a traveller has considered the map. In many situations this convenience is valuable. Yet designers are increasingly asking whether every pause, confirmation or small effort should be treated as a defect. Some friction protects attention and judgment. A message service that briefly delays sending an angry reply gives the writer time to reconsider. A medical form that asks a clinician to confirm an unusual dose interrupts speed in order to make a risky choice visible. The value lies not in making an action difficult, but in placing a moment of thought where the cost of error is high. Poorly designed friction, by contrast, merely transfers work to the user. Repeatedly entering the same address or searching through unclear menus does not improve a decision; it consumes patience. This distinction explains why counting clicks is an incomplete measure of usability. Two extra clicks may be wasteful in one task and protective in another. The practical question is therefore not whether an interface is perfectly smooth, but whose interests its smoothness serves. Removing a cancellation step may increase a company's sales while weakening a customer's control. Good design makes routine actions efficient, preserves meaningful choice and introduces resistance only when it helps people notice consequences they might otherwise miss. 32. What assumption does the first paragraph question? A. Digital tools should always offer route suggestions. B. All forms of effort in an interface are undesirable. C. Automatic completion reduces writing accuracy. D. Online shopping creates more errors than travel. 33. Why does the author mention an unusual medical dose? A. To show that a deliberate interruption can prevent serious error. B. To argue that clinicians rely too heavily on digital records. C. To compare medical forms with message services. D. To explain why confirmation screens are usually confusing. 34. How does poorly designed friction affect users? A. It improves choices by slowing routine action. B. It hides the number of clicks required. C. It creates effort without adding useful reflection. D. It encourages companies to simplify menus. 35. What is the author's attitude toward friction in digital design? A. Entirely opposed. B. Uncritically enthusiastic. C. Conditionally supportive. D. Uncertain about its effects. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When a group must make a difficult decision, disagreement can be useful evidence rather than an obstacle to remove. The challenge is to examine it without allowing the discussion to become personal. ____36____ First, ask each member to state the decision in one sentence. People who appear to disagree may actually be answering different questions. ____37____ A shared wording does not guarantee agreement, but it ensures that the group is discussing the same choice. Next, separate claims from the reasons supporting them. Write the main options where everyone can see them, then list the evidence beneath each one. ____38____ It also prevents a confident speaker's conclusion from being mistaken for proof. Invite the quietest objections before taking a vote. Someone who sees a weakness may remain silent if the room already seems committed. ____39____ The aim is not to reward opposition; it is to test whether the preferred option survives serious examination. Finally, record what would cause the decision to be reviewed. New information may change costs, risks or priorities. ____40____ A decision with a review condition is not weak; it is honest about what the group does not yet know. A. This distinction makes unsupported assumptions easier to identify. B. The following steps turn competing views into a structured inquiry. C. Agreeing on the question should therefore come before defending an answer. D. Such disagreement proves that a final decision should never be made. E. Naming that condition protects the group from defending an outdated choice. F. Asking directly for the strongest concern gives that information permission to surface. G. Every participant should consequently be required to support the majority view. 第二部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 During her first week as a volunteer at the city seed library, Mei was asked to sort envelopes returned by gardeners. Most were carefully labelled, but one box contained dozens of packets with names written in fading pencil. Her initial ____41____ was to discard them because a wrong label could waste an entire growing season. The coordinator, Mr Silva, suggested a more ____42____ approach: keep the packets separate and search for clues. Mei began by comparing handwriting, envelope size and the months noted beside a few planting dates. A repeated sketch of three leaves became especially ____43____. An older gardener recognized it as the mark of Mrs Han, who had contributed beans to the library for years. Mrs Han had recently moved away, but her neighbour remembered that she always dried each variety on a different coloured cloth. Tiny fibres still caught in the paper folds ____44____ that memory. The team could not identify every packet with certainty, so Mei created three groups: confirmed, probable and unknown. She also wrote down the ____45____ behind each judgment instead of presenting guesses as facts. When spring arrived, volunteers planted a small number from the probable group in separate beds. They photographed the plants at each stage and ____46____ their features against earlier records. Two varieties were identified; the rest remained unnamed. Mei felt briefly ____47____ that the mystery was incomplete. Then a school group visited and asked why the unknown seeds were still being kept. She explained that careful work includes knowing where evidence ____48____. The children designed new labels with space for source, date and distinguishing features. Their questions turned an untidy box into a lesson about ____49____. By autumn, every new donation followed the improved system. Mr Silva told Mei that she had not merely rescued some seeds; she had made future knowledge less ____50____. The library later invited Mrs Han to join a video call. She confirmed one more variety but laughed at the hope of solving everything from memory. Instead of feeling defeated, Mei added Mrs Han's uncertainty to the record. The note reminded users that honest limits can be more ____51____ than confident mistakes. A year later, drought damaged several community gardens. One confirmed bean variety survived unexpectedly well, and growers used its seeds for the next season. The discovery was possible because the team had chosen to ____52____ incomplete evidence rather than erase it. Mei's careful categories also prevented the unknown packets from being ____53____ as proven varieties. What began as a sorting task became a shared practice of patient observation. The seed library adopted a new ____54____: preserve the material, preserve the context, and preserve the doubt. Mei understood then that stewardship does not mean making every record appear complete. It means leaving the next person a ____55____ trail to follow. 41. A. reaction B. permission C. ambition D. reward 42. A. efficient B. cautious C. familiar D. competitive 43. A. decorative B. valuable C. visible D. specific 44. A. contradicted B. supported C. replaced D. limited 45. A. evidence B. warning C. schedule D. distance 46. A. balanced B. protected C. checked D. exchanged 47. A. relieved B. disappointed C. amused D. confident 48. A. ends B. changes C. spreads D. returns 49. A. speed B. ownership C. accuracy D. popularity 50. A. fragile B. formal C. private D. expensive 51. A. convenient B. useful C. impressive D. original 52. A. publish B. preserve C. simplify D. divide 53. A. presented B. stored C. collected D. planted 54. A. request B. boundary C. routine D. principle 55. A. shorter B. clearer C. safer D. wider 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Along an old canal in eastern China, stone markers once helped boat crews judge water depth, but many became difficult to read after decades of weathering. A local research team began a project in which historical photographs were ____56____ (systematic) compared with present-day scans. Because the markers had shifted at different rates, each image had to be aligned before any measurement could be considered ____57____ (rely). The researchers then invited retired boat workers, several of ____58____ could explain symbols absent from official records. By combining physical evidence with oral knowledge, the team reconstructed a sequence that would otherwise ____59____ (remain) incomplete. The process also revealed how frequently practical expertise ____60____ (overlook) when industrial landscapes are documented. The resulting digital model is now used in local schools, where students can examine how transport and water management shaped one another. Rather than treating the canal as a fixed monument, the lessons present it as a system ____61____ (adapt) repeatedly to economic and environmental change. Since the model was released, teachers in neighbouring towns ____62____ (contribute) additional photographs and family records. This expansion makes it possible to investigate regional patterns more ____63____ (comprehensive) than one archive could allow. It also reminds students ____64____ historical knowledge grows when evidence from different communities is examined together. Such collaboration is not merely a technical convenience; it is an act of cultural ____65____ (responsible). 第三部分　写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华，你校图书馆拟设立“学生荐书架”。请给图书馆老师写一封邮件，内容包括：1. 推荐一种征集方式；2. 说明推荐信息应包含的内容；3. 陈述该书架的意义。词数80左右。 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On Saturday morning, Ella arrived early at the community theatre to help prepare costumes for a children's play. The costumes had been made over many years, and each carried a small cloth label showing which production it had appeared in. Ella's task was to arrange them in order before the young actors arrived. While lifting a blue coat from a box, she heard a faint tearing sound. A seam beneath one sleeve had opened, and the fabric around it looked too thin for ordinary stitching. The coat belonged to the main character, and there was no similar one in the storeroom. Ella's first thought was to hide the damage until the costume manager came, but rehearsal would begin in forty minutes. Her friend Tomas found a piece of matching fabric, yet it was much newer and brighter than the coat. They tried placing it behind the tear, but the patch showed through whenever the sleeve moved. On a nearby table lay a folder of photographs from earlier productions. Ella began searching the pictures, hoping to understand how the coat had originally been constructed. One photograph showed the same sleeve decorated with three dark-blue stars. In later years, only two stars remained. Ella realized that a carefully placed star could strengthen the weak area while respecting the costume's history. She and Tomas still needed to decide how to attach it without causing further damage. 续写词数应为150左右。 Paragraph 1: Ella carefully traced the missing star on the matching fabric. Paragraph 2: When the young actor put on the repaired coat, he noticed the third star. 答案与解析 21. 标准答案：B 解析：第二项活动明确要求携带电器的来访者事先完成在线安全表格，其他活动没有此项要求。正确选项为“A visitor bringing an electrical object”，故选B。 22. 标准答案：B 解析：夜间花园调查要求参与者用提供的红膜遮住明亮手机屏幕，以免干扰夜间昆虫观察。正确选项为“Use red-covered phone screens”，故选B。 23. 标准答案：A 解析：四项活动都让居民把阅读体验、维修经验、生态观察或饮食文化转化为共同学习，A项概括最准确；其余选项均把个别条件扩大为共同特征。故选A。 24. 标准答案：B 解析：教师让Arun先“倾听”，是要他了解不同使用者在实际环境中的困难，再决定技术方案，而非先入为主地安装吸音板。故选B。 25. 标准答案：A 解析：清洁工指出最刺耳的声音来自手推车撞击排水盖，而手机应用把短暂峰值平均进背景声，说明平均值掩盖了关键瞬时事件。故选A。 26. 标准答案：B 解析：第一种面板位置遮挡了骑行者视线并造成险情，因此团队移动面板，在声学改善与通行安全之间取舍。故选B。 27. 标准答案：A 解析：结尾强调数据与生活经验相互纠正，且不能只优化一个指标而损害他人安全，说明公共设计需兼顾测量结果与人的实际后果。故选A。 28. 标准答案：A 解析：第二段说明网面过密会阻碍气流，使含水空气绕开收集器，因此增加网层反而可能降低捕水效率。故选A。 29. 标准答案：A 解析：安装大型系统前先绘制风向和季节性雾频率，是为找出真正能接收到可利用湿气的位置，避免高效材料被放错地点。故选A。 30. 标准答案：C 解析：语境为雾水可支持苗圃或“补充”社区供水，supplement意为“add to”，不是完全替代，故选C。 31. 标准答案：A 解析：全文从网面、气流、选址到水质维护说明：原理虽简单，但实际成效取决于因地制宜的设计与长期管理。故选A。 32. 标准答案：B 解析：首段质疑把所有停顿、确认和小幅操作都视为缺陷的假设，即并非界面中的一切努力都应被消除。故选B。 33. 标准答案：A 解析：异常剂量确认展示的是在高风险选择前设置有意停顿，使错误变得可见并有机会被纠正。故选A。 34. 标准答案：C 解析：不良“摩擦”让用户重复输入或在混乱菜单中寻找，却未改善判断，即增加劳动而没有带来有价值的反思。故选C。 35. 标准答案：C 解析：作者反对无意义阻碍，但支持在高错误成本处设置保护性停顿，因此态度为“有条件地支持”。故选C。 36. 标准答案：B 解析：空格后开始列出具体步骤，B项中的“The following steps”承上启下，故选B。 37. 标准答案：C 解析：前句指出表面分歧可能源于回答不同问题，C项强调先统一问题表述再维护答案，逻辑紧密，故选C。 38. 标准答案：A 解析：前文要求把主张和证据分列，A项说明这样能暴露没有证据支撑的假设，故选A。 39. 标准答案：F 解析：前句指出异议者可能因群体已有倾向而沉默，F项提出主动询问最强反对意见，使信息得以出现，故选F。 40. 标准答案：E 解析：前句要求记录重新审议的条件，E项解释明确条件能避免维护过时决定，与后句共同说明复审机制的价值，故选E。 41. 标准答案：A 解析：面对标签不清的种子，Mei最初的反应是丢弃，reaction符合“initial”语境。 正确词为“reaction”；按最终选项位置，第41题选A。 42. 标准答案：B 解析：协调员没有草率处理，而是建议隔离并寻找线索，cautious表示审慎的。 正确词为“cautious”；按最终选项位置，第42题选B。 43. 标准答案：D 解析：三叶草图能帮助追查来源，specific表示具体而有辨识度的线索。 正确词为“specific”；按最终选项位置，第43题选D。 44. 标准答案：B 解析：纸缝中的纤维印证了邻居关于不同颜色布料的回忆，supported符合证据关系。 正确词为“supported”；按最终选项位置，第44题选B。 45. 标准答案：A 解析：她记录每项判断背后的证据，避免把推测冒充事实。 正确词为“evidence”；按最终选项位置，第45题选A。 46. 标准答案：C 解析：志愿者将植株特征与旧记录逐一核对，checked...against为“对照检查”。 正确词为“checked”；按最终选项位置，第46题选C。 47. 标准答案：B 解析：仍有种子无法确认，她短暂感到失望，disappointed符合情绪变化。 正确词为“disappointed”；按最终选项位置，第47题选B。 48. 标准答案：A 解析：她向学生解释严谨工作要知道证据的边界在哪里，ends表示“到此为止”。 正确词为“ends”；按最终选项位置，第48题选A。 49. 标准答案：C 解析：孩子们改进标签以保存来源、日期与特征，体现对准确性的重视。 正确词为“accuracy”；按最终选项位置，第49题选C。 50. 标准答案：A 解析：新系统让未来知识不再因标签缺失而脆弱易失，fragile最贴切。 正确词为“fragile”；按最终选项位置，第50题选A。 51. 标准答案：B 解析：诚实说明不确定性比自信的错误更有用，useful与后文实际利用记录相呼应。 正确词为“useful”；按最终选项位置，第51题选B。 52. 标准答案：B 解析：团队选择保留不完整证据而非抹去，才有后来发现抗旱品种的可能。 正确词为“preserve”；按最终选项位置，第52题选B。 53. 标准答案：A 解析：分类制度防止未知种子被当作已证实品种呈现，presented as搭配成立。 正确词为“presented”；按最终选项位置，第53题选A。 54. 标准答案：D 解析：三句并列内容成为种子库的新原则，principle符合组织准则语境。 正确词为“principle”；按最终选项位置，第54题选D。 55. 标准答案：B 解析：管理的目的在于给后来者留下更清晰、可核查的线索，clearer最准确。 正确词为“clearer”；按最终选项位置，第55题选B。 56. 标准答案：systematically 解析：修饰动词compared，需用systematic的副词形式systematically。 57. 标准答案：reliable 解析：considered后作主语补足语，表示“可靠的”，需用形容词reliable。 58. 标准答案：whom 解析：“介词of＋关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指人，故填whom。 59. 标准答案：have remained 解析：would otherwise后接完成式，表示若无该方法，序列本会一直不完整，故填have remained。 60. 标准答案：is overlooked 解析：practical expertise与overlook为被动关系，且陈述一般现象，故填is overlooked。 61. 标准答案：adapted 解析：system与adapt为被动关系，过去分词adapted作后置定语。 62. 标准答案：have contributed 解析：Since引导的时间状语表明动作从过去延续至今，主语为复数，故填have contributed。 63. 标准答案：comprehensively 解析：修饰动词investigate，需用副词comprehensively。 64. 标准答案：that 解析：remind sb that...为常用结构，that引导宾语从句。 65. 标准答案：responsibility 解析：形容词cultural修饰名词，responsible的名词形式为responsibility。 66. 参考范文： Dear Ms Zhang, I suggest collecting recommendations through a simple online form, so every student can take part. Each entry should include the book's title, a brief introduction, the suitable reader and one specific reason for recommending it. The library could select several entries each month and display the students' own recommendation cards beside the books. Such a shelf would help readers discover books beyond familiar choices and turn individual reading experiences into useful guidance for the whole school. Yours, Li Hua 写作指导：邮件需覆盖征集方式、推荐信息和设架意义。建议使用so引出实施效果，用Such a shelf概括活动价值；内容应具体、可执行，语气礼貌，词数控制在80词左右。 67. 参考范文： Ella carefully traced the missing star on the matching fabric. Tomas cut it a little larger than the torn area, while Ella placed a soft backing inside the sleeve. Following the old stitch marks visible in the photograph, they attached the star through the stronger cloth beneath instead of pulling at the fragile edge. They tested the sleeve on a padded stand, bending it again and again. The repair held, and the newer fabric now looked like part of the coat's original design. When the young actor put on the repaired coat, he noticed the third star. Ella showed him the photograph and explained that the decoration had once been there. Rather than hiding the accident, she described how the old image had guided their repair. The actor smiled and said the coat now carried another story. During rehearsal, the sleeve moved freely, and the costume manager praised their careful temporary solution. Ella understood that preserving an old object did not mean making its history invisible; sometimes a thoughtful repair allowed that history to continue. 写作指导：第一段围绕“制作星形补片—利用加固衬布—反复测试”展开，体现谨慎修复；第二段承接演员发现第三颗星，说明旧照片与修复的关系，并升华到“延续物品历史”。两段须保持时间紧迫但处理理性，不宜加入突发事故。 英语试题　第 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $