精品解析：广东广雅中学2025-2026学年高一第二学期期末英语试卷

2025学年第二学期高一年级期末考试 英语 本试卷共11页，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号等信息填写在答题卡上并用2B铅笔填涂相应位置。 2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4．考生必须保持答题卡的平整，请勿折叠。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 听力理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第1段材料，回答以下小题。 1. What did Emma do during her trip in Lijiang? A. She attended a music festival. B. She taught Dongba characters. C. She joined a traditional dance. 2. What did Emma think of the Naxi people? A. Nice. B. Special. C. Helpful. 3. What gift did Tom buy? A. A notebook. B. A bronze bell. C. A beautiful scarf. 听第2段材料，回答以下小题。 4. Which course does the woman plan to take this term? A. Spanish. B. French. C. English. 5. What makes the man concerned? A. Failing to fix the website. B. Learning Spanish too slowly. C. Missing out on a popular course. 听第3段材料，回答以下小题。 6. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a hospital. B. In a nursing home. C. In a community center. 7. What does the man want to do? A. Visit his family. B. Take a class. C. Play a game. 8. Which place will the man probably head next? A. Room 18. B. The game room. C. The activities hall. 听第4段材料，回答以下小题。 9. How does the woman sound at the beginning of the conversation? A. Anxious. B. Relieved. C. Angry. 10. What does the woman still need to find out? A. Where she can wash clothes. B. How much the monthly rent is. C. If the rent includes the Internet. 11. How will the woman contact the owner again? A. By text. B. By email. C. By phone call. 听第5段材料，回答以下小题。 12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Event organizer and volunteer. B. Schoolmates. C. Friends. 13. What is the man excited about next week? A. He will meet the woman. B. He will read famous writers’ works. C. He will join a school exchange program. 14. What did the woman give the man’s sister? A. A Shakespearean storybook. B. A book from an American writer. C. A picture book with Chinese stories. 15. What will older students do for World Book and Copyright Day? A. Create stories. B. Dress in fancy clothes. C. Meet a Chinese author. 第二节 听取信息（共5格；每格1分，满分5分） 听下面一段独白。请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入空格中，每空填1词。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间。录音读两遍。 Global Flavors: Coffee History It likely began in the continent of 16 . By the 17 coffeehouses opened in London, Paris, and Vienna. Americans turned to coffee after the Boston Tea Party. Process Methods The dry method: dry the red berries 18 in the sun The wet method (better) Roasting usually happens in 19 countries. Coffee Plants Arabica: grows high up; tastes rich Robusta: grows lower; has more of the stimulating 20 第二部分 单项选择 （共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1. When ________ with unexpected challenges in our life, we ________ lose confidence but keep moving forward. A. to face; won’t B. facing; can’t C. faced; shouldn’t D. being faced; mustn’t 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：当在我们的生活中面临意想不到的挑战时，我们不应该失去信心，而应继续前进。第一空考查非谓语动词作状语，固定搭配be faced with意为“面临，面对”，其逻辑主语是句子的主语we，此处表示状态，应用过去分词faced；第二空考查情态动词，根据句意和后文的but keep moving forward可知，此处表示建议或劝告，意为“不应该”失去信心，应用shouldn’t。 2. I will never forget my teachers, in ________ lessons I found the courage to follow my dreams, nor ________ forget their encouragement, for ________ I am forever grateful. A. whose; will I; which B. their; I can; that C. whose; shall I; them D. their; I can; them 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记我的老师们，在他们的课上我找到了追求梦想的勇气，我也不会忘记他们的鼓励，对此我永远心存感激。第一空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为my teachers，关系词在从句中作lessons的定语，表示所属关系，故用whose；第二空由否定词nor（也不）置于句首，连接并列分句，句子需使用部分倒装，结合前文的will可知助动词用will，即will I；第三空是“介词+which/whom”引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为their encouragement，介词for后需跟表示物的关系代词，故用which。 3. On the wall ________ old yet treasured photographs of my grandfather, the second in our family ________ our country as a soldier. A. hangs; to have served B. hang; to serve C. is hanging; to be serving D. hanging; serving 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：墙上悬挂着我祖父陈旧却弥足珍贵的照片，他是家中第二位以士兵身份为国效力的人。 On the wall置于句首引发全部倒装，真正的主语是复数名词photographs，谓语应是hang；序数词the second后需用动词不定式作后置定语。 4. — Jack ________ his homework at home. That’s why he looked so worried. — Really? Last night he told me that he ________ it in the next day. A. could have left; handed B. must have left; would hand C. would have left; should hand D. should have left; could hand 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——杰克肯定把作业忘在家里了。那就是为什么他看起来那么担心的原因。——真的吗？昨晚他告诉我他第二天会交上去的。第一空表示对过去已发生情况的肯定推测，应用must have done结构，意为“过去一定做了某事”，结合后句That’s why he looked so worried可知，杰克肯定是把作业忘在家里了；第二空引导宾语从句，根据主句谓语动词told以及从句中的时间状语the next day可知，此处表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作，应用过去将来时would do。 5. Only after I arrived at the university ________ the welcome letter ________ to the admission notice. A. did I find; attaching B. I did find; attached C. I did find; attaching D. did I find; attached 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：直到我到达大学，我才发现欢迎信附在录取通知书上。“only + 状语从句”置于句首时，主句需要部分倒装，根据从句谓语arrived可知，句子为一般过去时，且find为实义动词，故借助助动词did构成部分倒装，即所填部分为did I find；attach表示“附上”，the welcome letter和attach之间是被动关系，使用过去分词attached作宾语补足语。 6. It was not until we checked into the hotel ________ my father had visited before ________ we discovered the excellent services provided there, free breakfast ________. A. /; where; included B. that; when; to be included C. which; that; included D. where; that; to be included 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：直到我们入住我父亲之前到访过的那家酒店时，我们才发现那里提供的优质服务，其中还包含免费早餐。 根据句子结构分析，第一空引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the hotel，关系词在从句中作visited的宾语，指物，应用关系代词which/that引导该从句，也可不填；第二空与句首的It was构成强调句型“It is/was+被强调部分+that +其他”，此处强调时间状语从句“not until we checked into the hotel ______ my father had visited before”，故用that；第三空考查独立主格结构，“free breakfast”与“include”之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词included的形式。 7. ________ the first prize in the English speech contest, the boy stood calmly on the stage as people cheered, and it was surprising that he ________ so little excitement. A. Winning; must show B. Winning; shall show C. Having won; could show D. Having won; should show 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：在英语演讲比赛中获得一等奖后，男孩镇定地站在舞台上，人们欢呼着，令人惊讶的是他竟表现出极少的兴奋之情。第一空，逻辑主语the boy与动词win之间为主动关系，且win的动作发生在谓语动词stood之前，故使用现在分词的完成式Having won作状语。第二空，在句型“It is/was surprising that...”中，主语从句常使用虚拟语气，谓语动词结构为“should+动词原形”，其中should表示惊讶的语气，意为“竟然”。 8. ________ by the smiles ________ on the students’ faces, the school festival was a great success. A. Judged; to spot B. Judging; spotted C. To judge; spotting D. Judging; having been spotted 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：根据在学生脸上发现的笑容来判断，这次校园艺术节取得了巨大的成功。第一空，judging by/from...为固定搭配，意为“根据……来判断”，在句中作状语，其形式不受句子主语限制。第二空，名词smiles与动词spot“发现”之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，需用过去分词spotted，作后置定语。 9. The new software, after ________, will give designers a powerful tool ________ they can create 3D models easily. A. is launched; which B. launched; on which C. being launched; with which D. to be launched; that 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：这款新软件在发布之后，将给设计师们提供一个强大的工具，借助这个工具他们可以轻松地创建3D模型。第一空，after此处作介词，其后应接动名词作宾语，且句子的主语The new software与动词launch（发布）之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故应用动名词的被动式being launched。第二空处引导定语从句，先行词为a powerful tool，从句they can create 3D models easily主谓宾结构完整，需填入关系副词或“介词+关系代词”；根据语境，表示“使用/借助这个工具”，对应固定搭配with a tool，故此处应用介词with+关系代词which引导。 10. When ________ Olivia set the goal that ________ her career? A. was it that; was to change B. is it that; will change C. was it that; was changing D. is it that; would change 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：奥利维亚到底是在什么时候设定了那个注定会改变她职业生涯的目标的？分析句子结构和选项可知，此处考查强调句型的特殊句，Olivia为第三人称单数，而谓语动词set没有加-s，由此可知，set为一般过去式，强调过去发生的时间，第一空应是was it that；“改变她的职业生涯”这一动作在过去设定目标时还未发生，第二空用过去将来时，“was/were to do”可用来表示过去注定要发生的事情。 第三部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A WHAT IS WIND CHILL? When you check the predicted temperature, you may sometimes be greeted with two values: the air temperature and the “feels like” temperature. The main temperature value represents how hot or cold the air is, but the second temperature takes the strength of the wind into account. Called wind chill, this value indicates how the air temperature will feel on your skin when you step outside. When there is more wind, heat escapes from you more quickly, lowering the wind chill temperature. Displaying this value on forecasts means that people can make a more informed decision on what to wear and even whether to go outside. When wind chill reduces the temperature far into negative values, skin temperature will decrease rapidly, followed by your internal body temperature. This increases the chances of developing hypothermia (体温过低) and frostbite. Wind chill not only impacts humans, but other animals and plants as well. In plants, wind chill stresses don’t come from heat loss. Rather, wind chill increases the moisture (水分) loss from leaves and dries out the plant. Whether it’s in the form of drying or freezing, wind chill calculations show the great influence of the wind on the temperature of your environment. Check this chart to see how the wind alters the temperature your body feels. 1 WIND IMPACT When wind reaches 62 miles per hour (100kph), an air temperature of five degrees Celsius is felt by the skin as -3 degrees Celsius. 2 30 MINUTES Skin exposed to wind chill temperatures as low as -30 degrees Celsius will begin to experience frostbite after just half an hour. 3 TEN MINUTES For frostbite to set in within ten minutes, the air temperature needs to be at least as low as -20 degrees Celsius. 4 HIGH RISK In extreme climates, where the wind chill temperature reaches at least -50 degrees, just five minutes of skin exposure can cause frostbite. 11. What does including wind chill in forecasts help to do? A. Track frostbite cases. B. Predict road safety. C. Guide clothing choices. D. Judge wind direction. 12. Which situation falls into the “5 minutes” frostbite zone? A. -30℃ with a 60 km/h wind. B. -35℃ with a 20 km/h wind. C. -15℃ with a 70 km/h wind. D. -10℃ with a 100 km/h wind. 13. Where does the text most probably appear? A. In a physics textbook. B. In a plant-care brochure. C. In a daily weather forecast. D. In a popular science magazine. 【答案】11. C 12. A 13. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍的是风寒效应的概念、对人体和环境的影响以及相关的安全提示。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Displaying this value on forecasts means that people can make a more informed decision on what to wear and even whether to go outside. (在预报中显示这一数值意味着人们可以对穿什么甚至是否外出做出更明智的决定。)”可知，在预报中包含风寒指数有助于指导人们的着装选择。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中4 HIGH RISK一栏“In extreme climates, where the wind chill temperature reaches at least -50 degrees, just five minutes of skin exposure can cause frostbite. (在极端气候下，风寒温度达到至少-50度时，仅五分钟的暴露皮肤就会导致冻伤。)”以及给出的风寒图表可知，当气温为-30℃、风速为60km/h时，风寒温度为-50℃，属于5分钟冻伤高风险区。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“When you check the predicted temperature, you may sometimes be greeted with two values: the air temperature and the ‘feels like’ temperature. (当你查看预测温度时，有时可能会看到两个数值：空气温度和‘体感’温度。)”以及全文对风寒效应的解释和图表展示可知，本文最有可能出现在科普杂志中。 B Mr. Johnson, a high school history teacher, had long noticed a worrying trend in his classroom. While his students could carefully remember dates, names and events for exams, they always failed to understand the human side of history. To them, the past seemed a fixed set of facts, without emotion, struggle or personal meaning. Wanting to fix this gap, Mr. Johnson decided to completely change his teaching way in the middle of the semester, trading a traditional research report for a story-writing task. He asked his students to pick a historical figure and write a story from his or her perspective. The task was confusing at first, but soon the classroom was full of active questions and discussion. One student learned deeply about the life of a young soldier in World War I, writing a sad and moving story of the mud, fear and fragile friendship in the trench lines. Another told the story of a female scholar from the Renaissance, making up a tale of her love for learning being held back by social rules. The thorough research and creative care for how the figure felt that the students showed was amazing. Mr. Johnson was surprised by the big change in his students. The essays he got were not just correct; they were full of real feelings and a clear understanding of people’s thoughts. The students had stopped just repeating facts and truly connected with history, seeing historical figures as people with many different sides instead of just names from a long time ago. In later class talks, their questions changed from “What happened?” to “Why did they feel that way?” and “What would I have done?”. This story-writing method didn’t just help them remember facts better; it built up their ability to think deeply and their real care for how others felt. Inspired by this success, Mr. Johnson has now made story-telling a regular part of his lessons. He believes that when students learn to experience history through story-telling, they do more than just remember it — they start to understand its long-lasting effects on their own lives and what it means to be human in general. In his classroom, history is no longer just a subject about the past; it has become a talk with the past. 14. What was Mr. Johnson’s initial problem with his students? A. They preferred science over history. B. They were not interested in history at all. C. They could not memorize historical facts. D. They lacked emotional connection to history. 15. How did Mr. Johnson change his teaching method? A. He gave students more fact-based research papers. B. He guided students to write in past figures’ voice. C. He showed more historical documentaries with facts. D. He invited historians to give lectures in his classroom. 16. What did the students’ essays demonstrate after the new assignment? A. They contained more dates and facts than before. B. They showed better memorization of historical events. C. They were shorter but more accurate than previous work. D. They reflected emotional understanding and personal insight. 17. What is the main message of the text? A. History should value facts over emotions. B. History should be taught through story writing. C. History is more than facts — it’s human stories. D. Students should ask questions when learning history. 【答案】14. D 15. B 16. D 17. C 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要讲述了约翰逊老师发现学生只会死记历史史实、缺乏人文感悟，于是改用人物视角故事写作教学。该方法让学生深度共情、独立思考，让历史学习不再局限于记事实。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“While his students could carefully remember dates, names and events for exams, they always failed to understand the human side of history. To them, the past seemed a fixed set of facts, without emotion, struggle or personal meaning. (尽管学生们能准确记住考试所需的日期、姓名和事件，但他们却始终无法理解历史背后的人性层面。对他们而言，过去似乎是一组固定不变的事实，缺乏情感、挣扎和个人意义。)”可知，学生虽然能记住考试所需的日期、人名和事件，但无法理解历史的人文维度，缺乏情感共鸣。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Wanting to fix this gap, Mr. Johnson decided to completely change his teaching way in the middle of the semester, trading a traditional research report for a story-writing task. (为了弥补这一差距，约翰逊先生决定在学期中彻底改变教学方式，将传统的研究报告作业替换为故事写作任务。)”以及第二段中“He asked his students to pick a historical figure and write a story from his or her perspective. (他让学生们选择一位历史人物，从该人物的视角撰写一个故事。)”可推知，约翰逊先生让学生以历史人物的视角进行创作。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Mr. Johnson was surprised by the big change in his students. The essays he got were not just correct; they were full of real feelings and a clear understanding of people’s thoughts. (约翰逊先生对学生们发生的巨大变化感到十分惊讶。他收到的作文不仅正确，而且充满了真实的情感，对人们的思想有清晰的理解。)”可知，学生在完成新任务后，他们的文章反映出更强的情感理解和个人见解。 【17题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“He believes that when students learn to experience history through story-telling, they do more than just remember it — they start to understand its long-lasting effects on their own lives and what it means to be human in general. In his classroom, history is no longer just a subject about the past; it has become a talk with the past. (他认为，当学生通过讲故事来体验历史时，他们所做的远不止记忆历史——他们开始理解历史对自己生活产生的深远影响，也更深刻地体会到作为人类的普遍意义。在他的课堂上，历史已不再仅仅是一门关于过去的知识，而成为与过去对话的过程。)”可知，全文以约翰逊老师的教学改革为例，核心观点是：历史不只是冰冷的事实集合，更是有血有肉的人的故事；学习者需要建立与历史的情感联结，理解历史背后的人性。由此可知，这段文字的主要信息是历史不仅仅是事实，更是人类的故事。 C From an airplane, cars moving slowly on the highway closely are like a line of ants. Unlike these human-driven vehicles, however, ants are able to avoid the disappointing stop-and-go traffic that troubles daily commutes (通勤). Researchers have therefore turned their attention to studying the ants’ teamwork-based behaviors, hoping to apply these ideas to programming self-driving cars that can prevent traffic jams. As the number of cars on highways keeps growing, the traffic flow gradually slows down. Studies show that when the density (密度) reaches 15 vehicles per mile per lane (车道), a single driver’s sudden stop can give rise to long-lasting and widespread traffic jams. Scientist Katsuhiro Nishinari, a mathematical physicist studying traffic transitions, compares this phenomenon to a phase transition, such as water turning into ice. Even small individual actions in such situations can quickly develop into major traffic issues. Katsuhiro Nishinari’s previous research has already shown that food-seeking ants can keep smooth movement even when their population density is very high. A recent follow-up study has uncovered they usually travel in groups of 3 to 20 individuals, moving at steady speeds with proper gaps between each other and never attempting to overtake. Their behavior depends on their teamwork rather than individual preferences. This collective intelligence offers a lesson for human drivers today. One key takeaway is to avoid tailgating. Keeping a safe distance from the vehicle ahead helps absorb the shock waves caused by sudden braking in dense traffic — a simple practice that considers the smooth flow of the whole first instead of individual hurry. Of course, ants have the natural advantage of creating flexible paths, while cars are bound to fixed lanes. But the principle of keeping proper spacing remains important for safety and efficiency — on our roads. Looking ahead, the real change may come from technology. As Katsuhiro Nishinari points out, “Unlike human drivers who often act independently, future self-driving cars could be designed to share real-time data and function as an integrated system.” Inspired by ants, these vehicles can upgrade traffic flow as a cooperative system, potentially requiring updates to existing rules to fully realize their benefits. 18. What can cause widespread highway traffic jams directly? A. A total of 15 cars per mile. B. The speed-up of the cars. C. Ant behaviors affecting driving. D. A sudden stop at a certain density. 19. What is the purpose of mentioning the recent follow-up study in paragraph 3? A. To compare ants with human drivers. B. To point a finger at present traffic rules. C. To explain the math behind traffic jams. D. To detail how ants achieve smooth movement. 20. What does the underlined word “tailgating” probably mean in paragraph 4? A. Driving too close to the front. B. Keeping a proper distance. C. Trying to overtake cars in front. D. Changing lanes too frequently. 21. What is Katsuhiro Nishinari’s suggestion for ant-inspired self-driving cars? A. Redesigning rules for all self-driving vehicles. B. Acting as one unit to manage traffic flows well. C. Gathering data to analyze road conditions fully. D. Upgrading roads to ensure overall driving safety. 【答案】18. D 19. D 20. A 21. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述科学家研究蚂蚁通行模式，希望借鉴其协作特点改善自动驾驶车辆以防止交通拥堵。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Studies show that when the density (密度) reaches 15 vehicles per mile per lane (车道), a single driver’s sudden stop can give rise to long-lasting and widespread traffic jams.(研究表明，当车道密度达到每英里15辆车时，单个驾驶员的急刹会引发持久且大范围的拥堵)”可知，特定密度下的急刹会直接引发拥堵。 【19题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Katsuhiro Nishinari’s previous research has already shown that food-seeking ants can keep smooth movement even when their population density is very high. A recent follow-up study has uncovered they usually travel in groups of 3 to 20 individuals, moving at steady speeds with proper gaps between each other and never attempting to overtake. Their behavior depends on their teamwork rather than individual preferences.(Katsuhiro Nishinari此前的研究已经表明，即使种群密度极高，觅食的蚂蚁也能保持顺畅移动。一项近期的后续研究发现，它们通常以3至20只的群体行进，以稳定的速度移动，彼此间保持合适间距，且从不尝试超车。它们的行为取决于团队协作，而非个体偏好)”可知，提到最近的后续研究的目的是详细说明蚂蚁实现顺畅通行的方式。 【20题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“One key takeaway is to avoid tailgating. Keeping a safe distance from the vehicle ahead helps absorb the shock waves caused by sudden braking in dense traffic(一大要点就是避免tailgating。与前车保持安全距离有助于吸收车流密集时急刹带来的冲击波)”可推断，一大要点就是避免跟车过近。tailgating指“跟车过近”。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“As Katsuhiro Nishinari points out, “Unlike human drivers who often act independently, future self-driving cars could be designed to share real-time data and function as an integrated system.” Inspired by ants, these vehicles can upgrade traffic flow as a cooperative system, potentially requiring updates to existing rules to fully realize their benefits.(正如Katsuhiro Nishinari所说：“与往往各行其是的人类驾驶员不同，未来的自动驾驶汽车可以被设计成能够共享实时数据，并作为一套一体化系统运行。” 受蚂蚁启发，这类车辆能够以协作系统的形式优化车流。想要充分发挥它的优势，可能还需要完善现行交通规则)”可知，他建议自动驾驶车辆作为整体协同运作，优化车流。 D The potato: Mash it, bake it, fry it… No matter how you deal with it, the potato is the very example of all that is ordinary. And yet it has long harbored a mystery. Scientists find that certain genes suggested that potatoes were more closely related to tomatoes, while other genes gave the impression that potatoes and Etuberosum (茄科植物) had the closer relationship. Which one was it? A new study in Cell offers the answer. Researchers led by botanist Sandy Knapp discovered that the potato genes originated in the Americas where an ancient hybridizing event between the ancestors of tomatoes and Etuberosum occurred around 9 million years ago. This is when the Andes Mountains were forming. This rare hybridization created a new plant with a unique ability that neither of its parent plants has: forming underground tubers (the part we eat) . “They’re a way for a plant to store starch (淀粉) ,” Knapp says, “and, in a way, survive seasons which are not good for growing.” Understanding the potato’s origins, specifically the key genes inherited (遗传) from each parent group that control tuber formation, opens new possibilities. “We can use the tomato or Etuberosum to perhaps do some genetic engineering to improve the potato,” Knapp says. One such improvement would enable farmers to grow potatoes resistant to pests, a changing climate, and other environmental challenges. Simply put, “The tomato can be the future of the potato,” says Zhiyang Zhang, a plant genetics Ph. D. student and a lead researcher on the study. The origin of potatoes offers much food for thought. You had two things and something completely different emerged. Through hybridization, you can generate many new combinations in a short time. And you can generate more species to adapt to changeable environments. “Hybridization is a real force in evolution that allows for the release of variation,” Knapp explains. “Of course, not all hybridizing events have produced results as wildly successful as the potato. But we’re quite lucky in this case that this one worked.” 22. What remained uncertain about potatoes at first? A. Their genetic origin. B. Their plain look. C. Their various relatives. D. Their serving methods. 23. What can underground tubers function as? A. The plant holder. B. A new parent plant. C. A nutrition provider. D. The season indicator. 24. What can be inferred from paragraph 3? A. Potatoes would be in greater need. B. The farming approach goes greener. C. The genetic engineering is improving. D. Potatoes would become more adaptable. 25. What does Knapp think of hybridization? A. Its success relies on luck. B. Its operation is easy to learn. C. It helps create diverse species. D. It is worth applying worldwide. 【答案】22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了土豆的起源之谜，以及通过研究其基因如何帮助改进土豆的种植和适应性。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Scientists find that certain genes suggested that potatoes were more closely related to tomatoes, while other genes gave the impression that potatoes and Etuberosum (茄科植物) had the closer relationship. Which one was it? (科学家发现，某些基因表明土豆与番茄的关系更为密切，而其他基因则让人觉得土豆与茄科植物的关系更为密切。到底是哪一个呢？)”可知，最初土豆的基因来源是不确定的。故选A项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“This rare hybridization created a new plant with a unique ability that neither of its parent plants has: forming underground tubers (the part we eat) . “They’re a way for a plant to store starch (淀粉) ,” Knapp says, “and, in a way, survive seasons which are not good for growing.” (这种罕见的杂交培育出了一种新植物，它具有其亲本植物都不具备的独特能力：形成地下块茎（即我们食用的部分）。“块茎是植物储存淀粉的一种方式，”Knapp说，“而且，在某种程度上，能帮助植物度过不利于生长的季节。”)”可知，地下块茎可以作为营养提供者，储存淀粉以供植物在不利季节生存。故选C项。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“One such improvement would enable farmers to grow potatoes resistant to pests, a changing climate, and other environmental challenges. (其中一项改进能让农民种植出抗虫害、耐气候变化，并能应对其他环境挑战的土豆)”可推知，土豆将变得更具适应性。故选D项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Through hybridization, you can generate many new combinations in a short time. And you can generate more species to adapt to changeable environments. “Hybridization is a real force in evolution that allows for the release of variation,” Knapp explains. (通过杂交，你可以在短时间内产生许多新的组合。而且你能培育出更多物种来适应多变的环境。“杂交是进化中一种真正的力量，它能释放变异，”Knapp解释道。)”可知，Knapp认为杂交有助于创造多样化的物种。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Books often struggle to engage modern readers, and this can be especially true for nonfiction. For many people, it’s less exciting and less emotional than fiction. However, the problem may not be with nonfiction, but how they read it. Some people start a nonfiction book but quit after reading a few chapters. They read probably because someone gives them the book or everyone is reading it. That’s not helpful to stay in a committed relationship with nonfiction.____26____No matter what yours is, write it down before starting to read. It’ll prepare your mind on what to look for in that book. If you’re already a fiction reader, start with narrative nonfiction, which carries a strong storytelling element. This kind of writing is so engaging that you may almost forget the story being told is factual. ___27___However, if you still feel burdened by an entire book, an anthology (选集) might be a perfect solution. As collections of shorter pieces, anthologies aim to bring together the best writing on a particular subject.____28____Once you’re drawn in, you’ll find more to read. ____29____For those who prefer highlighting and taking notes, a physical book may be a nice choice. In contrast, e-books are ideal if portability (便携性) or the ability to adjust the text are your priorities. However, if you’re already a listener to nonfiction recorded programs, audio books might be the perfect fit for you. Reading nonfiction can be challenging, but remember there’s always a book on the topic that interests you. It may be about historical events that shape our lives or stories where truth outshines fiction.____30____ A. So it requires a personal insight into the book. B. Some of the pieces are sure to grab your interest. C. It’s a natural bridge between fiction and nonfiction. D. Instead, you should have a clear objective of reading. E. Reading habits affect our selections of nonfiction topics. F. Choosing suitable formats is also key to enjoying nonfiction. G. Whichever it is, the time spent on nonfiction can be rewarding. 【答案】26. D 27. C 28. B 29. F 30. G 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阅读非虚构类书籍的一些方法和好处。 【26题详解】 上文“They read probably because someone gives them the book or everyone is reading it. That’s not helpful to stay in a committed relationship with nonfiction.(他们读这本书可能是因为别人给了他们这本书，或者每个人都在读。这不利于与非虚构类书籍保持密切关系)”说明读者随意开始阅读非虚构类书籍不利于深入阅读，空处和前文为转折关系，说明读者应该有明确的阅读目标，并引出下文设定目标的具体做法。所以D项“相反，你应该有一个明确的阅读目标”符合语境。而下文中的it指代该项中的“a clear objective of reading”。故选D。 【27题详解】 上文“If you’re already a fiction reader, start with narrative nonfiction, which carries a strong storytelling element. This kind of writing is so engaging that you may almost forget the story being told is factual.(如果你已经是一个小说读者，那就从叙事性非虚构作品开始，它具有很强的叙事元素。这种写作方式非常吸引人，以至于你可能会忘记所讲的故事是真实的)”说明叙事性非虚构类书籍带有很强的故事性，很吸引人。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明叙事性非虚构作品的作用。所以C项“它是小说和非虚构作品之间的天然桥梁”符合语境，It指代前文中的“narrative nonfiction”。故选C。 【28题详解】 上文“As collections of shorter pieces, anthologies aim to bring together the best writing on a particular subject.(作为短篇作品的集合，选集旨在汇集关于某一特定主题的最佳作品)”以及下文“Once you’re drawn in, you’ll find more to read.(一旦你被吸引住了，你会发现更多可读的东西)”说明选集的特点是汇集特定主题的最佳作品，而且你会被吸引。空处承上启下，说明选集中的一些作品肯定会吸引读者的兴趣。 所以B项“其中一些作品肯定会吸引你的兴趣。”符合语境。“Some of the pieces”和上文“collections of shorter pieces”相呼应，而“grab your interest”和下文“Once you’re drawn in”相呼应。故选B。 【29题详解】 下文“For those who prefer highlighting and taking notes, a physical book may be a nice choice. In contrast, e-books are ideal if portability (便携性) or the ability to adjust the text are your priorities. However, if you’re already a listener to nonfiction recorded programs, audio books might be the perfect fit for you.(对于那些喜欢划重点和做笔记的人来说，纸质书可能是一个不错的选择。相反，如果便携性或调整文本的能力是你的首要考虑，那么电子书是理想的选择。然而，如果你已经是非虚构类录音节目的听众，有声书可能是最适合你的)”说明选择合适的阅读格式对享受非虚构类作品也很重要，空处位于段首，说明本段的主题为选择合适的阅读格式。所以F项“选择合适的格式也是享受非虚构作品的关键”符合语境。故选F。 【30题详解】 上文“Reading nonfiction can be challenging, but remember there’s always a book on the topic that interests you. It may be about historical events that shape our lives or stories where truth outshines fiction.(阅读非虚构作品可能具有挑战性，但请记住，总有一本关于你感兴趣的主题的书。它可能是关于塑造我们生活的历史事件，也可能是真相超越虚构的故事)”说明总有一本关于你感兴趣的主题的非虚构作品值得阅读，空处和前文为顺接关系，说明阅读非虚构作品都是值得的。所以G项“无论是什么主题，花在阅读非虚构作品上的时间都是值得的”符合语境，该项中的it指代前文的“a book on the topic that interests you”。故选G。 第四部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 As a talkative tour guide, I always seem to have something to say, enjoying sharing my own experiences. I take notes no matter where I go — museums, lectures, tours — collecting all the facts to ___31___ later. So when I cruised to Greenland, I arrived with my usual ___32___ for collecting stories, completely unprepared for the lesson I would receive on ___33___. In Nuuk, I met Tina, an Inuit culturalist. She spoke with purpose and compassion, intentionally, but not ___34___. Through Tina, I learned that Inuit people don’t simply ___35___ silence — they embrace it. She recalled her large family sitting together for hours, wordlessly enjoying each other’s ___36___, or summers spent absorbing the sounds of birds and creeks without feeling the need to ___37___. Until then, I had been constantly ___38___ facts, talking to everyone and ___39___ my reputation as a chatterbox. I couldn’t stop asking Tina questions, which seemed to ____40____ her patience. Gradually, as I listened to Tina, I started to wonder what I had been missing. For the first time, I began to pay attention — not just to words, but to what was not being said. In the following days on the cruise, I attempted to ____41____ invitations to talk. Sometimes a smile and nod would work as a(n) ____42____ response. Later, while leading my own tours, I still occasionally relied on my title of tour leader as an excuse to ____43____ a conversation. But, sometimes, before I spoke, I asked myself, “What would Tina do?” and carefully took in what was said before offering a response. I didn’t become a brand-new person overnight, but the Greenland experience did ____44____ how I engage with the world, thanks to Tina, who taught me to treasure the newfound value of silence and ____45____. 31. A. share B. create C. publish D. memorize 32. A. methods B. passion C. requirement D. arrangement 33. A. recording B. touring C. heritage D. silence 34. A. quickly B. loudly C. frequently D. casually 35. A. avoid B. reduce C. tolerate D. select 36. A. presence B. appearance C. performance D. ignorance 37. A. appreciate B. comment C. reflect D. leave 38. A. documenting B. viewing C. downloading D. confirming 39. A. making up for B. getting rid of C. looking down on D. living up to 40. A. hold B. waste C. try D. reward 41. A. welcome B. refuse C. extend D. postpone 42. A. effective B. potential C. formal D. distinctive 43. A. recall B. interrupt C. encourage D. control 44. A. imply B. address C. decide D. change 45. A. observing B. speaking C. listening D. thinking 【答案】31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. C 36. A 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. C 41. B 42. A 43. D 44. D 45. C 【解析】 【导语】主要讲述健谈导游前往格陵兰旅行，受因纽特人启发，领悟沉默与倾听价值，改变与人相处方式的故事。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：无论去往何处，我都会做笔记——博物馆、讲座、游览途中——收集所有素材留待日后分享。A. share分享；B. create创造；C. publish出版；D. memorize记住。根据前文“I always seem to have something to say, enjoying sharing my own experiences”可知，作者喜爱分享经历，收集信息是为了日后分享。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：因此当我乘船前往格陵兰时，我带着一贯收集故事的热忱出发，完全没有料到自己会接受一堂关于沉默的课。A. methods方法；B. passion热忱；C. requirement要求；D. arrangement安排。根据前文“I always seem to have something to say, enjoying _______ my own experiences. I take notes no matter where I go — museums, lectures, tours — collecting all the facts” 可知，作者喜爱分享、随处记录，满怀收集故事的热情。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：因此当我乘船前往格陵兰时，我带着一贯收集故事的热忱出发，完全没有料到自己会接受一堂关于沉默的课。A. recording记录；B. touring旅行；C. heritage遗产；D. silence沉默。根据后文“Inuit people don’t simply ______ silence — they embrace it”可知，本次经历让作者学习领悟沉默。 【34题详解】 考查副词。句意：她说话目标明确、满怀共情，言辞经过深思熟虑，但并不常开口。A. quickly快速地；B. loudly大声地；C. frequently频繁地；D. casually随意地。根据前文“She spoke with purpose and compassion, intentionally”以及下文“She recalled her large family sitting together for hours, wordlessly enjoying each other’s”可知，因纽特的文化接纳沉默，说明蒂娜说话不多、不频繁说话。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：通过蒂娜，我了解到因纽特人并非只是勉强忍受沉默，而是由衷接纳沉默。A. avoid避免；B. reduce减少；C. tolerate忍受；D. select选择。根据后文“they embrace it”可知，前后构成递进，说明他们不只是忍受沉默，而是拥抱沉默。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：她回忆起她的大家庭一坐就是数小时，默默享受彼此的相伴；还有那些夏日，静心聆听鸟鸣与溪流之声，不必产生评述的想法。A. presence陪伴；B. appearance外貌；C. performance表演；D. ignorance无知。根据前文“She recalled her large family sitting together for hours, wordlessly”可知，家人安静相伴，享受彼此在场。 【37题详解】 考查动词。句意：她回忆起她的大家庭一坐就是数小时，默默享受彼此的相伴；还有那些夏日，静心聆听鸟鸣与溪流之声，不必产生评述的想法。A. appreciate欣赏；B. comment评论；C. reflect反思；D. leave离开。根据前文“Inuit people don’t simply ______ silence — they embrace it. She recalled her large family sitting together for hours, wordlessly enjoying each other’s ______”可知，因纽特人享受安静，不需要开口评论周遭事物。 【38题详解】 考查动词。句意：在那之前，我一直在不断记录见闻，主动和所有人交谈，名副其实地践行着话痨的标签。A. documenting记录；B. viewing观看；C. downloading下载；D. confirming确认。根据首段中的第二句“I take notes no matter where I go”可知，作者习惯持续记录各类见闻。 【39题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：在那之前，我一直在不断记录见闻，主动和所有人交谈，名副其实地践行着话痨的标签。A. making up for弥补；B. getting rid of摆脱；C. looking down on轻视；D. living up to不辜负、践行。根据首段第一句“I always seem to have something to say”可知，作者配得上话痨这个名号。 【40题详解】 考查动词。句意：我不停地向蒂娜提问，似乎考验着她的耐心。A. hold持有；B. waste浪费；C. try考验；D. reward回报。根据前文“I couldn’t stop asking Tina questions”可知，无休止提问考验了对方耐心，try one’s patience意为“挑战某人的耐心”。 【41题详解】 考查动词。句意：在接下来的邮轮旅程中，我试着婉拒交谈邀约。A. welcome欢迎；B. refuse拒绝；C. extend发出；D. postpone推迟。根据前文“For the first time, I began to pay attention — not just to words, but to what was not being said”可知，作者开始学着静下心倾听，尝试拒绝聊天的邀请。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：有时一个微笑、点头就足以成为有效的回应。A. effective有效的；B. potential潜在的；C. formal正式的；D. distinctive独特的。根据前文“I attempted to _______ invitations to talk”以及“Sometimes a smile and nod would work”可知，作者尽量避免交谈，依靠微笑、点头这类肢体动作完成沟通，是行之有效的回应方式。 【43题详解】 考查动词。句意：后来，在亲自带队时，我偶尔仍会拿领队这个身份当作借口，去主导谈话。A. recall回忆；B. interrupt打断；C. encourage促成、开启；D. control控制。根据后文“But, sometimes, before I spoke, I asked myself, “What would Tina do?” and carefully took in what was said before offering a response.”可知，此处与后文为转折关系，由此可推断，作者以往习惯主导对话。 【44题详解】 考查动词。句意：我并没有一夜之间变成一个全新的人，但格陵兰之行确实改变了我与世界相处的方式。这都要感谢蒂娜，她让我懂得珍惜沉默与倾听这份新领悟到的价值。A. imply暗示；B. address处理；C. decide决定；D. change改变。根据后文“thanks to Tina, who taught me to treasure the newfound value of silence”可知，这次经历改变了作者与人交往的方式。 【45题详解】 考查动名词。句意：我并没有一夜之间变成一个全新的人，但格陵兰之行确实改变了我与世界相处的方式。这都要感谢蒂娜，她让我懂得珍惜沉默与倾听这份新领悟到的价值。A. observing观察；B. speaking说话；C. listening倾听；D. thinking思考。根据前文“I began to pay attention — not just to words, but to what was not being said”以及全文提倡少言语、感受沉默的内容可知，作者领悟到沉默和倾听的意义。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A short soft brush connected to a long hard handle, both vigorous and gentle — a simple Chinese writing brush can express the most complex ideas. It takes generations of craftsmen’s devotion ___46___ (create) such exquisite tools that achieve both technical excellence and spiritual ___47___ (free), allowing for limitless creativity and endless variation. A brush can reveal a dot, a line, the sun, mountains, rivers and everything people can sense in the world, ___48___ thin or thick, big or small, concrete or abstract. Perhaps it is one of the few tools invented by humans ___49___ are both practical and rich in symbolic meanings over millennia (数千年). It not only conveyed common people’s care and emotions but also recorded history, ___50___ (express) thoughts and created the finest art and literature, greatly ___51___ (influence) the development of Chinese civilization. In his book Huzhou Writing Brush and Chinese Culture, ___52___ (publish) by Peking University Press in 2010, Ma Qingyun quotes Zhou Ruchang (1918-2012), ___53___ respected scholar, poet and calligrapher, as saying: “ ___54___ the writing brush, Chinese characters could not have undergone their evolution, not to mention the art of painting. Their forms, structures, writing methods, functions and artistic effects would not possibly have reached the current state. ___55___ (ultimate), the writing brush determines the various forms of documents, such as books, records, letters, and files.” 【答案】46. to create 47. freedom 48. whether 49. that 50. expressed 51. influencing 52. published 53. a 54. Without 55. Ultimately 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍毛笔，讲述其艺术价值、实用功能与文化意义，阐释它深刻影响中华文明发展，是中华文化重要载体。 【46题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：需要几代工匠的潜心投入，才能打造出这种兼具精湛工艺与精神自由的精美工具，带来无限创意与万千变化。此处考查固定句型It takes...to do sth.，表示“这需要……做某事”，It作形式主语，不定式作句子真正的主语。 【47题详解】 考查名词。句意：需要几代工匠的潜心投入，才能打造出这种兼具精湛工艺与精神自由的精美工具，带来无限创意与万千变化。spiritual是形容词，后面需要名词作宾语，free对应的名词形式为freedom，表示“自由”，为不可数名词。 【48题详解】 考查连词。句意：一支毛笔可以勾勒出点、线条、太阳、山岳、江河，以及世间人们所能感知的一切事物，无论粗细、大小、具象或是抽象。此处考查固定搭配whether...or...，表示“无论……还是……”。 【49题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：或许它是人类发明的为数不多、历经数千年兼具实用性与丰富象征意义的工具之一。此处为定语从句，先行词tools被few修饰，关系词在从句中作主语，只能用关系代词that引导。 【50题详解】 考查时态。句意：它不仅承载普通人的牵挂与情感，还能记录历史，表达思想，造就顶尖的艺术与文学作品，极大影响了中华文明的发展。此处为并列谓语，和recorded、created并列，全文叙述毛笔的历史作用，使用一般过去时。 【51题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它不仅承载普通人的牵挂与情感，还能记录历史，表达思想，造就顶尖的艺术与文学作品，极大影响了中华文明的发展。此处为非谓语，前面整件事情和influence是主动关系，再由语境可知，应用现在分词influencing作结果状语。 【52题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在马青云2010年由北京大学出版社出版的《湖笔与中国文化》一书中，他引用了德高望重的学者、诗人、书法家周汝昌（1918-2012）的话。此处为非谓语，book与publish为被动关系，应用过去分词published作后置定语。 【53题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在马青云2010年由北京大学出版社出版的《湖笔与中国文化》一书中，他引用了德高望重的学者、诗人、书法家周汝昌（1918-2012）的话。scholar为可数名词单数，表泛指，且respected以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 【54题详解】 考查介词。句意：若无毛笔，汉字不可能完成演变，更不用说绘画艺术。根据后文虚拟语气语境可知，此处表达“没有”，应用介词without，且位于句首时首字母应大写。 【55题详解】 考查副词。句意：归根结底，毛笔决定了典籍、史册、书信、文书等各类文献的形态。此处需要副词修饰后面整个句子，ultimate对应的副词形式是ultimately，且位于句首时首字母应大写。 第五部分 课本基础知识（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 单词填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 根据括号内的提示（中文意思/原形），用B3U3-U5, XB1U1及Global Reading合刊10单词的正确形式填空。 56. People don’t like to ask questions for fear of appearing _____________ (ignore)．(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】ignorant 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：人们不喜欢问问题，因为害怕显得无知。分析句子结构，空白处前面的appear在句子中做系动词，后跟表语，所以空白处应填形容词形式，故填ignorant。 57. Their ______ (argue) sounds reasonable, but it needs more evidence to support it. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】argument 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们的论点听起来合理，但需要更多证据来支撑。Their ________ (argue)作主语，形容词性物主代词their要修饰名词，且谓语动词sounds是第三人称单数形式，应将动词argue变为单数名词argument。 58. The company cannot use customers’ personal information without their ________ (permit). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】permission 【解析】 【详解】句意：未经客户许可，公司不得使用客户的个人信息。形容词性物主代词their后需接名词，permit的名词形式为permission，是不可数名词，意为“许可，准许”，without one’s permission是固定搭配，表示“未经某人的许可”。 59. He has ________ (regular) working hours, so it’s hard to plan dinners together. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】irregular 【解析】 【详解】句意：他工作时间不规律，所以很难一起安排晚餐。分析句子结构可知，空格修饰名词短语working hours，需要形容词；由后半句“很难相约共进晚餐”可判断工作时间没有规律，regular的反义词为irregular，表“无规律的”，符合语境。 60. The biggest ________ (limit) of this study is the small number of participants. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】limitation 【解析】 【详解】句意：这项研究最大的局限在于参与者数量较少。空格前有形容词最高级the biggest，后面需要名词；limit其名词为limitation“局限、不足之处”；谓语is为单数，故用单数名词 limitation。 61. He has not ________ (seek) medical treatment for his condition. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】sought 【解析】 【详解】句意：他并未为自己的病情寻求过医疗治疗。句子中已有助动词has和否定词not，构成现在完成时的框架，现在完成时的谓语形式为“have/has + 动词过去分词”，所给动词seek的过去分词形式为sought。 62. The actors designed a new scene ________ (以……为基础) on an audience suggestion. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】based‌ 【解析】 【详解】句意：演员们根据观众的建议设计了一个新场景。表示“以……为基础”，使用动词base，与scene是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。 63. The museum ________ (建立) in the early twentieth century attracts millions of visitors every year. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】established##built 【解析】 【详解】句意：这座二十世纪初建立的博物馆每年吸引数百万游客。表示“建立”用establish或build，句子已有谓语动词attracts，本空作后置定语；museum和establish/build是被动关系，需用过去分词。 64. Great changes have ________ (发生) in people’s lifestyles with the development of technology. 【答案】happened 【解析】 【详解】句意：随着科技的发展，人们的生活方式已经发生了巨大变化。根据汉语提示可知用happen，动词，根据空前的have和语境可知，这里应用现在完成时，谓语由“have+过去分词”构成，因此空处应填happened。 65. Environmental groups are expressing ________ (谨慎的) optimism that the goal to protect the area can be reached. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】cautious 【解析】 【详解】句意：环保组织对该区域的保护目标能够达成表达出谨慎的乐观态度。根据汉语提示“谨慎的”可知，本空用形容词cautious，修饰后面的名词optimism，作前置定语。 66. ________ (缺乏) in confidence, she was afraid to speak in public. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】Lacking 【解析】 【详解】句意：缺乏自信，她不敢在公众面前发言。根据汉语提示“缺乏”可知，用动词lack，逻辑主语she与lack之间为主动关系，需用现在分词，作原因状语，句首单词首字母大写。 67. American English is ________ (有区别的) from British English in pronunciation and vocabulary. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】 different 【解析】 【详解】句意：美式英语在发音和词汇上与英式英语是有区别的。分析句子结构可知，此空位于系动词is之后，需填入形容词作表语。根据汉语提示“有区别的”以及固定搭配be different from（与……不同/有区别）。 68. A notice was ________ (发布) to remind students of the importance of campus safety. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】issued 【解析】 【详解】句意：一则通知被发布，提醒学生校园安全的重要性。结合主语“A notice”和谓语“was ________ (发布)”可知，本句是一般过去时的被动语态，所填词要用过去分词；“发布”对应的英语动词是issue，要变成过去分词issued。 69. Hopes of ________ (解决) the conflict peacefully are fading. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】settling 【解析】 【详解】句意：和平解决冲突的希望正逐渐渺茫。根据汉语提示“解决”可知，此处应用动词settle；分析句子结构可知，空格位于介词of之后，需使用动名词形式作宾语。 70. She made it clear that under no ________ (情况) would she cancel the trip. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】circumstances 【解析】 【详解】句意：她明确表明，在任何情况下她都不会取消这次旅行。“情况”是名词circumstance，under no circumstances是固定短语，意为“决不，无论如何都不”，空处需用复数形式circumstances。 第二节 完成句子（共 10 空，每空 1 分，满分 10 分） ● 请根据中文意思填空。一词一空，全对才能得分。用 B3U3-U5, XB1U1 短语。 71. 该公司始终坚持对所有产品进行严格的质量控制。 The company has always ________ ________ strict quality control for all products. 【答案】 ①. stuck ②. to 【解析】 【详解】表示“坚持”用动词短语stick to，结合语境和助动词has可知，本句为现在完成时，stick用过去分词stuck。 72. 许多重要的科学发现都源于偶然，例如青霉素的发现。 Many important scientific discoveries were made ________ ________, including the discovery of penicillin. 【答案】 ①. by ②. accident 【解析】 【详解】表示“偶然地”可用短语by accident，在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词。 73. 随着时间所剩无几，工程师们昼夜不停地抢修卫星。 With time ________ ________, the engineers worked around the clock to fix the satellite. 【答案】 ①. running ②. out 【解析】 【详解】根据汉语提示“时间所剩无几”及结构“With time ______ ______”可知，此处为“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”的复合结构，“所剩无几”对应的固定短语是run out，意为“用完、耗尽”，该短语无被动形式，所以此处time和run out是主动关系，因此用现在分词形式running out作宾补。 74. 在当今快速变化的世界中，致力于终身学习至关重要。 ________ yourself ________ lifelong learning is essential in today’s fast-changing world. 【答案】 ①. Devoting ②. to 【解析】 【详解】根据句意可知，表示“致力于”可用固定短语devote oneself to sth；分析句式结构可知，句子已有谓语is，设空处需要用短语的动名词形式作句子主语，所以第一空格处用devote的动名词形式devoting作主语，且位于句首的单词首字母要大写，第二空格处用介词to。 75. 被顶尖大学录取不是学习的终点，而是新旅程的开始。 Being ________ ________ a top university is not the end of learning but the beginning of a new journey. 【答案】 ①. admitted ②. into 【解析】 【详解】“被……录取”用短语be admitted into，此处为动名词的被动式being admitted into作主语。 第六部分 写作（满分 15 分） 76. 近期，校英文报Teens’ Voices栏目面向全体学生征稿，探讨高中生在校使用智能翻译笔（intelligent translation pens）的现象。请你写一篇文章投稿，内容包括： （1）你的观点； （2）阐述理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为100个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My View on the Use of Intelligent Translation Pens on Campus ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 My View on the Use of Intelligent Translation Pens on Campus As far as I’m concerned, intelligent translation pens are useful learning tools, but students must avoid over-dependence on them at school. The pens can instantly interpret new words and complicated sentences, allowing us to follow English reading materials smoothly. It helps us save time and maintain our reading flow. However, constant reliance will prevent us from thinking on our own. We may lose the chance to guess word meanings from context or memorize vocabulary. In short, we should treat translation pens as assistants. Only combined with active thinking can they truly promote our English learning. 【解析】 【导语】校英文报Teens’ Voices栏目面向全体学生征稿，探讨高中生在校使用智能翻译笔的现象，要求考生写一篇短文投稿，说明自己的观点并阐述理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 在我看来：as far as I am concerned→from my perspective 促进：promote→facilitate 复杂的：complicated→complex 把……看作：treat...as...→regard...as... 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The pens can instantly interpret new words and complicated sentences, allowing us to follow English reading materials smoothly. 拓展句：The pens, which can instantly interpret new words and complicated sentences, allow us to follow English reading materials smoothly. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The pens can instantly interpret new words and complicated sentences, allowing us to follow English reading materials smoothly.（运用了现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】Only combined with active thinking can they truly promote our English learning.（运用了部分倒装） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025学年第二学期高一年级期末考试 英语 本试卷共11页，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号等信息填写在答题卡上并用2B铅笔填涂相应位置。 2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4．考生必须保持答题卡的平整，请勿折叠。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 听力理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第1段材料，回答以下小题。 1. What did Emma do during her trip in Lijiang? A. She attended a music festival. B. She taught Dongba characters. C. She joined a traditional dance. 2. What did Emma think of the Naxi people? A. Nice. B. Special. C. Helpful. 3. What gift did Tom buy? A. A notebook. B. A bronze bell. C. A beautiful scarf. 听第2段材料，回答以下小题。 4. Which course does the woman plan to take this term? A. Spanish. B. French. C. English. 5. What makes the man concerned? A. Failing to fix the website. B. Learning Spanish too slowly. C. Missing out on a popular course. 听第3段材料，回答以下小题。 6. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a hospital. B. In a nursing home. C. In a community center. 7. What does the man want to do? A. Visit his family. B. Take a class. C. Play a game. 8. Which place will the man probably head next? A. Room 18. B. The game room. C. The activities hall. 听第4段材料，回答以下小题。 9. How does the woman sound at the beginning of the conversation? A. Anxious. B. Relieved. C. Angry. 10. What does the woman still need to find out? A. Where she can wash clothes. B. How much the monthly rent is. C. If the rent includes the Internet. 11. How will the woman contact the owner again? A. By text. B. By email. C. By phone call. 听第5段材料，回答以下小题。 12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Event organizer and volunteer. B. Schoolmates. C. Friends. 13. What is the man excited about next week? A. He will meet the woman. B. He will read famous writers’ works. C. He will join a school exchange program. 14. What did the woman give the man’s sister? A. A Shakespearean storybook. B. A book from an American writer. C. A picture book with Chinese stories. 15. What will older students do for World Book and Copyright Day? A. Create stories. B. Dress in fancy clothes. C. Meet a Chinese author. 第二节 听取信息（共5格；每格1分，满分5分） 听下面一段独白。请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入空格中，每空填1词。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间。录音读两遍。 Global Flavors: Coffee History It likely began in the continent of 16 . By the 17 coffeehouses opened in London, Paris, and Vienna. Americans turned to coffee after the Boston Tea Party. Process Methods The dry method: dry the red berries 18 in the sun The wet method (better) Roasting usually happens in 19 countries. Coffee Plants Arabica: grows high up; tastes rich Robusta: grows lower; has more of the stimulating 20 第二部分 单项选择 （共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1. When ________ with unexpected challenges in our life, we ________ lose confidence but keep moving forward. A. to face; won’t B. facing; can’t C. faced; shouldn’t D. being faced; mustn’t 2. I will never forget my teachers, in ________ lessons I found the courage to follow my dreams, nor ________ forget their encouragement, for ________ I am forever grateful. A. whose; will I; which B. their; I can; that C. whose; shall I; them D. their; I can; them 3. On the wall ________ old yet treasured photographs of my grandfather, the second in our family ________ our country as a soldier. A. hangs; to have served B. hang; to serve C. is hanging; to be serving D. hanging; serving 4. — Jack ________ his homework at home. That’s why he looked so worried. — Really? Last night he told me that he ________ it in the next day. A. could have left; handed B. must have left; would hand C. would have left; should hand D. should have left; could hand 5. Only after I arrived at the university ________ the welcome letter ________ to the admission notice. A. did I find; attaching B. I did find; attached C. I did find; attaching D. did I find; attached 6. It was not until we checked into the hotel ________ my father had visited before ________ we discovered the excellent services provided there, free breakfast ________. A. /; where; included B. that; when; to be included C. which; that; included D. where; that; to be included 7. ________ the first prize in the English speech contest, the boy stood calmly on the stage as people cheered, and it was surprising that he ________ so little excitement. A. Winning; must show B. Winning; shall show C. Having won; could show D. Having won; should show 8. ________ by the smiles ________ on the students’ faces, the school festival was a great success. A. Judged; to spot B. Judging; spotted C. To judge; spotting D. Judging; having been spotted 9. The new software, after ________, will give designers a powerful tool ________ they can create 3D models easily. A. is launched; which B. launched; on which C. being launched; with which D. to be launched; that 10. When ________ Olivia set the goal that ________ her career? A. was it that; was to change B. is it that; will change C. was it that; was changing D. is it that; would change 第三部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A WHAT IS WIND CHILL? When you check the predicted temperature, you may sometimes be greeted with two values: the air temperature and the “feels like” temperature. The main temperature value represents how hot or cold the air is, but the second temperature takes the strength of the wind into account. Called wind chill, this value indicates how the air temperature will feel on your skin when you step outside. When there is more wind, heat escapes from you more quickly, lowering the wind chill temperature. Displaying this value on forecasts means that people can make a more informed decision on what to wear and even whether to go outside. When wind chill reduces the temperature far into negative values, skin temperature will decrease rapidly, followed by your internal body temperature. This increases the chances of developing hypothermia (体温过低) and frostbite. Wind chill not only impacts humans, but other animals and plants as well. In plants, wind chill stresses don’t come from heat loss. Rather, wind chill increases the moisture (水分) loss from leaves and dries out the plant. Whether it’s in the form of drying or freezing, wind chill calculations show the great influence of the wind on the temperature of your environment. Check this chart to see how the wind alters the temperature your body feels. 1 WIND IMPACT When wind reaches 62 miles per hour (100kph), an air temperature of five degrees Celsius is felt by the skin as -3 degrees Celsius. 2 30 MINUTES Skin exposed to wind chill temperatures as low as -30 degrees Celsius will begin to experience frostbite after just half an hour. 3 TEN MINUTES For frostbite to set in within ten minutes, the air temperature needs to be at least as low as -20 degrees Celsius. 4 HIGH RISK In extreme climates, where the wind chill temperature reaches at least -50 degrees, just five minutes of skin exposure can cause frostbite. 11. What does including wind chill in forecasts help to do? A. Track frostbite cases. B. Predict road safety. C. Guide clothing choices. D. Judge wind direction. 12. Which situation falls into the “5 minutes” frostbite zone? A. -30℃ with a 60 km/h wind. B. -35℃ with a 20 km/h wind. C. -15℃ with a 70 km/h wind. D. -10℃ with a 100 km/h wind. 13. Where does the text most probably appear? A. In a physics textbook. B. In a plant-care brochure. C. In a daily weather forecast. D. In a popular science magazine. B Mr. Johnson, a high school history teacher, had long noticed a worrying trend in his classroom. While his students could carefully remember dates, names and events for exams, they always failed to understand the human side of history. To them, the past seemed a fixed set of facts, without emotion, struggle or personal meaning. Wanting to fix this gap, Mr. Johnson decided to completely change his teaching way in the middle of the semester, trading a traditional research report for a story-writing task. He asked his students to pick a historical figure and write a story from his or her perspective. The task was confusing at first, but soon the classroom was full of active questions and discussion. One student learned deeply about the life of a young soldier in World War I, writing a sad and moving story of the mud, fear and fragile friendship in the trench lines. Another told the story of a female scholar from the Renaissance, making up a tale of her love for learning being held back by social rules. The thorough research and creative care for how the figure felt that the students showed was amazing. Mr. Johnson was surprised by the big change in his students. The essays he got were not just correct; they were full of real feelings and a clear understanding of people’s thoughts. The students had stopped just repeating facts and truly connected with history, seeing historical figures as people with many different sides instead of just names from a long time ago. In later class talks, their questions changed from “What happened?” to “Why did they feel that way?” and “What would I have done?”. This story-writing method didn’t just help them remember facts better; it built up their ability to think deeply and their real care for how others felt. Inspired by this success, Mr. Johnson has now made story-telling a regular part of his lessons. He believes that when students learn to experience history through story-telling, they do more than just remember it — they start to understand its long-lasting effects on their own lives and what it means to be human in general. In his classroom, history is no longer just a subject about the past; it has become a talk with the past. 14. What was Mr. Johnson’s initial problem with his students? A. They preferred science over history. B. They were not interested in history at all. C. They could not memorize historical facts. D. They lacked emotional connection to history. 15. How did Mr. Johnson change his teaching method? A. He gave students more fact-based research papers. B. He guided students to write in past figures’ voice. C. He showed more historical documentaries with facts. D. He invited historians to give lectures in his classroom. 16. What did the students’ essays demonstrate after the new assignment? A. They contained more dates and facts than before. B. They showed better memorization of historical events. C. They were shorter but more accurate than previous work. D. They reflected emotional understanding and personal insight. 17. What is the main message of the text? A. History should value facts over emotions. B. History should be taught through story writing. C. History is more than facts — it’s human stories. D. Students should ask questions when learning history. C From an airplane, cars moving slowly on the highway closely are like a line of ants. Unlike these human-driven vehicles, however, ants are able to avoid the disappointing stop-and-go traffic that troubles daily commutes (通勤). Researchers have therefore turned their attention to studying the ants’ teamwork-based behaviors, hoping to apply these ideas to programming self-driving cars that can prevent traffic jams. As the number of cars on highways keeps growing, the traffic flow gradually slows down. Studies show that when the density (密度) reaches 15 vehicles per mile per lane (车道), a single driver’s sudden stop can give rise to long-lasting and widespread traffic jams. Scientist Katsuhiro Nishinari, a mathematical physicist studying traffic transitions, compares this phenomenon to a phase transition, such as water turning into ice. Even small individual actions in such situations can quickly develop into major traffic issues. Katsuhiro Nishinari’s previous research has already shown that food-seeking ants can keep smooth movement even when their population density is very high. A recent follow-up study has uncovered they usually travel in groups of 3 to 20 individuals, moving at steady speeds with proper gaps between each other and never attempting to overtake. Their behavior depends on their teamwork rather than individual preferences. This collective intelligence offers a lesson for human drivers today. One key takeaway is to avoid tailgating. Keeping a safe distance from the vehicle ahead helps absorb the shock waves caused by sudden braking in dense traffic — a simple practice that considers the smooth flow of the whole first instead of individual hurry. Of course, ants have the natural advantage of creating flexible paths, while cars are bound to fixed lanes. But the principle of keeping proper spacing remains important for safety and efficiency — on our roads. Looking ahead, the real change may come from technology. As Katsuhiro Nishinari points out, “Unlike human drivers who often act independently, future self-driving cars could be designed to share real-time data and function as an integrated system.” Inspired by ants, these vehicles can upgrade traffic flow as a cooperative system, potentially requiring updates to existing rules to fully realize their benefits. 18. What can cause widespread highway traffic jams directly? A. A total of 15 cars per mile. B. The speed-up of the cars. C. Ant behaviors affecting driving. D. A sudden stop at a certain density. 19. What is the purpose of mentioning the recent follow-up study in paragraph 3? A. To compare ants with human drivers. B. To point a finger at present traffic rules. C. To explain the math behind traffic jams. D. To detail how ants achieve smooth movement. 20. What does the underlined word “tailgating” probably mean in paragraph 4? A. Driving too close to the front. B. Keeping a proper distance. C. Trying to overtake cars in front. D. Changing lanes too frequently. 21. What is Katsuhiro Nishinari’s suggestion for ant-inspired self-driving cars? A. Redesigning rules for all self-driving vehicles. B. Acting as one unit to manage traffic flows well. C. Gathering data to analyze road conditions fully. D. Upgrading roads to ensure overall driving safety. D The potato: Mash it, bake it, fry it… No matter how you deal with it, the potato is the very example of all that is ordinary. And yet it has long harbored a mystery. Scientists find that certain genes suggested that potatoes were more closely related to tomatoes, while other genes gave the impression that potatoes and Etuberosum (茄科植物) had the closer relationship. Which one was it? A new study in Cell offers the answer. Researchers led by botanist Sandy Knapp discovered that the potato genes originated in the Americas where an ancient hybridizing event between the ancestors of tomatoes and Etuberosum occurred around 9 million years ago. This is when the Andes Mountains were forming. This rare hybridization created a new plant with a unique ability that neither of its parent plants has: forming underground tubers (the part we eat) . “They’re a way for a plant to store starch (淀粉) ,” Knapp says, “and, in a way, survive seasons which are not good for growing.” Understanding the potato’s origins, specifically the key genes inherited (遗传) from each parent group that control tuber formation, opens new possibilities. “We can use the tomato or Etuberosum to perhaps do some genetic engineering to improve the potato,” Knapp says. One such improvement would enable farmers to grow potatoes resistant to pests, a changing climate, and other environmental challenges. Simply put, “The tomato can be the future of the potato,” says Zhiyang Zhang, a plant genetics Ph. D. student and a lead researcher on the study. The origin of potatoes offers much food for thought. You had two things and something completely different emerged. Through hybridization, you can generate many new combinations in a short time. And you can generate more species to adapt to changeable environments. “Hybridization is a real force in evolution that allows for the release of variation,” Knapp explains. “Of course, not all hybridizing events have produced results as wildly successful as the potato. But we’re quite lucky in this case that this one worked.” 22. What remained uncertain about potatoes at first? A. Their genetic origin. B. Their plain look. C. Their various relatives. D. Their serving methods. 23. What can underground tubers function as? A. The plant holder. B. A new parent plant. C. A nutrition provider. D. The season indicator. 24. What can be inferred from paragraph 3? A. Potatoes would be in greater need. B. The farming approach goes greener. C. The genetic engineering is improving. D. Potatoes would become more adaptable. 25. What does Knapp think of hybridization? A. Its success relies on luck. B. Its operation is easy to learn. C. It helps create diverse species. D. It is worth applying worldwide. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Books often struggle to engage modern readers, and this can be especially true for nonfiction. For many people, it’s less exciting and less emotional than fiction. However, the problem may not be with nonfiction, but how they read it. Some people start a nonfiction book but quit after reading a few chapters. They read probably because someone gives them the book or everyone is reading it. That’s not helpful to stay in a committed relationship with nonfiction.____26____No matter what yours is, write it down before starting to read. It’ll prepare your mind on what to look for in that book. If you’re already a fiction reader, start with narrative nonfiction, which carries a strong storytelling element. This kind of writing is so engaging that you may almost forget the story being told is factual. ___27___However, if you still feel burdened by an entire book, an anthology (选集) might be a perfect solution. As collections of shorter pieces, anthologies aim to bring together the best writing on a particular subject.____28____Once you’re drawn in, you’ll find more to read. ____29____For those who prefer highlighting and taking notes, a physical book may be a nice choice. In contrast, e-books are ideal if portability (便携性) or the ability to adjust the text are your priorities. However, if you’re already a listener to nonfiction recorded programs, audio books might be the perfect fit for you. Reading nonfiction can be challenging, but remember there’s always a book on the topic that interests you. It may be about historical events that shape our lives or stories where truth outshines fiction.____30____ A. So it requires a personal insight into the book. B. Some of the pieces are sure to grab your interest. C. It’s a natural bridge between fiction and nonfiction. D. Instead, you should have a clear objective of reading. E. Reading habits affect our selections of nonfiction topics. F. Choosing suitable formats is also key to enjoying nonfiction. G. Whichever it is, the time spent on nonfiction can be rewarding. 第四部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 As a talkative tour guide, I always seem to have something to say, enjoying sharing my own experiences. I take notes no matter where I go — museums, lectures, tours — collecting all the facts to ___31___ later. So when I cruised to Greenland, I arrived with my usual ___32___ for collecting stories, completely unprepared for the lesson I would receive on ___33___. In Nuuk, I met Tina, an Inuit culturalist. She spoke with purpose and compassion, intentionally, but not ___34___. Through Tina, I learned that Inuit people don’t simply ___35___ silence — they embrace it. She recalled her large family sitting together for hours, wordlessly enjoying each other’s ___36___, or summers spent absorbing the sounds of birds and creeks without feeling the need to ___37___. Until then, I had been constantly ___38___ facts, talking to everyone and ___39___ my reputation as a chatterbox. I couldn’t stop asking Tina questions, which seemed to ____40____ her patience. Gradually, as I listened to Tina, I started to wonder what I had been missing. For the first time, I began to pay attention — not just to words, but to what was not being said. In the following days on the cruise, I attempted to ____41____ invitations to talk. Sometimes a smile and nod would work as a(n) ____42____ response. Later, while leading my own tours, I still occasionally relied on my title of tour leader as an excuse to ____43____ a conversation. But, sometimes, before I spoke, I asked myself, “What would Tina do?” and carefully took in what was said before offering a response. I didn’t become a brand-new person overnight, but the Greenland experience did ____44____ how I engage with the world, thanks to Tina, who taught me to treasure the newfound value of silence and ____45____. 31. A. share B. create C. publish D. memorize 32. A. methods B. passion C. requirement D. arrangement 33. A. recording B. touring C. heritage D. silence 34. A. quickly B. loudly C. frequently D. casually 35. A. avoid B. reduce C. tolerate D. select 36. A. presence B. appearance C. performance D. ignorance 37. A. appreciate B. comment C. reflect D. leave 38. A. documenting B. viewing C. downloading D. confirming 39. A. making up for B. getting rid of C. looking down on D. living up to 40. A. hold B. waste C. try D. reward 41. A. welcome B. refuse C. extend D. postpone 42. A. effective B. potential C. formal D. distinctive 43. A. recall B. interrupt C. encourage D. control 44. A. imply B. address C. decide D. change 45. A. observing B. speaking C. listening D. thinking 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A short soft brush connected to a long hard handle, both vigorous and gentle — a simple Chinese writing brush can express the most complex ideas. It takes generations of craftsmen’s devotion ___46___ (create) such exquisite tools that achieve both technical excellence and spiritual ___47___ (free), allowing for limitless creativity and endless variation. A brush can reveal a dot, a line, the sun, mountains, rivers and everything people can sense in the world, ___48___ thin or thick, big or small, concrete or abstract. Perhaps it is one of the few tools invented by humans ___49___ are both practical and rich in symbolic meanings over millennia (数千年). It not only conveyed common people’s care and emotions but also recorded history, ___50___ (express) thoughts and created the finest art and literature, greatly ___51___ (influence) the development of Chinese civilization. In his book Huzhou Writing Brush and Chinese Culture, ___52___ (publish) by Peking University Press in 2010, Ma Qingyun quotes Zhou Ruchang (1918-2012), ___53___ respected scholar, poet and calligrapher, as saying: “ ___54___ the writing brush, Chinese characters could not have undergone their evolution, not to mention the art of painting. Their forms, structures, writing methods, functions and artistic effects would not possibly have reached the current state. ___55___ (ultimate), the writing brush determines the various forms of documents, such as books, records, letters, and files.” 第五部分 课本基础知识（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 单词填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 根据括号内的提示（中文意思/原形），用B3U3-U5, XB1U1及Global Reading合刊10单词的正确形式填空。 56. People don’t like to ask questions for fear of appearing _____________ (ignore)．(所给词的适当形式填空) 57. Their ______ (argue) sounds reasonable, but it needs more evidence to support it. (所给词的适当形式填空) 58. The company cannot use customers’ personal information without their ________ (permit). (所给词的适当形式填空) 59. He has ________ (regular) working hours, so it’s hard to plan dinners together. (所给词的适当形式填空) 60. The biggest ________ (limit) of this study is the small number of participants. (所给词的适当形式填空) 61. He has not ________ (seek) medical treatment for his condition. (所给词的适当形式填空) 62. The actors designed a new scene ________ (以……为基础) on an audience suggestion. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 63. The museum ________ (建立) in the early twentieth century attracts millions of visitors every year. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 64. Great changes have ________ (发生) in people’s lifestyles with the development of technology. 65. Environmental groups are expressing ________ (谨慎的) optimism that the goal to protect the area can be reached. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 66. ________ (缺乏) in confidence, she was afraid to speak in public. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 67. American English is ________ (有区别的) from British English in pronunciation and vocabulary. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 68. A notice was ________ (发布) to remind students of the importance of campus safety. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 69. Hopes of ________ (解决) the conflict peacefully are fading. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 70. She made it clear that under no ________ (情况) would she cancel the trip. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第二节 完成句子（共 10 空，每空 1 分，满分 10 分） ● 请根据中文意思填空。一词一空，全对才能得分。用 B3U3-U5, XB1U1 短语。 71. 该公司始终坚持对所有产品进行严格的质量控制。 The company has always ________ ________ strict quality control for all products. 72. 许多重要的科学发现都源于偶然，例如青霉素的发现。 Many important scientific discoveries were made ________ ________, including the discovery of penicillin. 73. 随着时间所剩无几，工程师们昼夜不停地抢修卫星。 With time ________ ________, the engineers worked around the clock to fix the satellite. 74. 在当今快速变化的世界中，致力于终身学习至关重要。 ________ yourself ________ lifelong learning is essential in today’s fast-changing world. 75. 被顶尖大学录取不是学习的终点，而是新旅程的开始。 Being ________ ________ a top university is not the end of learning but the beginning of a new journey. 第六部分 写作（满分 15 分） 76. 近期，校英文报Teens’ Voices栏目面向全体学生征稿，探讨高中生在校使用智能翻译笔（intelligent translation pens）的现象。请你写一篇文章投稿，内容包括： （1）你的观点； （2）阐述理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为100个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My View on the Use of Intelligent Translation Pens on Campus ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $